CN102798371B - Rock volume deformation measuring sensor and rock test-piece volume deformation measuring method - Google Patents
Rock volume deformation measuring sensor and rock test-piece volume deformation measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102798371B CN102798371B CN201210294606.1A CN201210294606A CN102798371B CN 102798371 B CN102798371 B CN 102798371B CN 201210294606 A CN201210294606 A CN 201210294606A CN 102798371 B CN102798371 B CN 102798371B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rock volume deformation measuring sensor. The rock volume deformation measuring sensor comprises a measuring oil cylinder, a piston, two piston rods and a displacement sensor, wherein the piston is located in the measuring oil cylinder; the measuring oil cylinder is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber; one end of each piston rod is respectively fixedly connected with the central parts of two end faces of the piston; the other ends of the two piston rods respectively stretch out of end covers at two ends of the measuring oil cylinder; the displacement sensor is arranged on an outer sidewall of the measuring oil cylinder; and a free end of a displacement measuring rod of the displacement sensor is connected with the piston rod located at an outlet end of a main oil-conveying pipeline through a connecting member. A rock test-piece volume deformation measuring method comprises the steps of: mounting a rock test-piece on a test sample platform in a tri-axial pressure chamber of a tri-axial pressure testing machine; measuring by using the rock volume deformation measuring sensor; and recording and displaying volume deformation of the rock through a control system of the tri-axial pressure testing machine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to performances of rock field tests, particularly a kind of utensil and method of rock sample cubic deformation being carried out to quantitative test.
Background technology
The cubic deformation of existing rock sample is to utilize to be arranged on the vertical and horizontal extensometer on rock sample, or is attached to the vertical and horizontal foil gauge on rock sample surface, measures respectively after the strain of two direction, then according to formula, calculates the cubic deformation of rock.Yet, above-mentioned measuring appliance and method are only applicable to the hard rock of small deformation, for the soft rock that large deformation can occur, cannot measure, and above-mentioned measuring appliance and method recording is only distortion corresponding to cross section in rock, is not the real cubic deformation of rock.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of rock volume deformation measurement sensor and rock sample cubic deformation measuring method are provided, to can obtain the overall process data of rock sample cubic deformation in process of the test, accurately measure the real cubic deformation of rock.
Rock volume deformation measurement sensor of the present invention, comprises and measures oil cylinder, piston, piston rod, displacement transducer and oil transportation main line; Piston is positioned at measures oil cylinder, measurement oil cylinder is divided into the first chamber and the second chamber, the first chamber is provided with the first oil transportation arm being connected with oil transportation main line, the second chamber is provided with the second oil transportation arm being connected with oil transportation main line, between the joint of oil transportation main line and the first oil transportation arm and the joint of the second oil transportation arm, is provided with stop valve; Piston rod is two, and one end of two-piston bar is connected with the centre of side face of piston ring respectively, and their center line overlaps with the center line of piston, and the other end of two-piston bar stretches out from measuring the end cap at oil cylinder two ends respectively; Displacement transducer is arranged on the lateral wall of measuring oil cylinder, and the free end of its displacement measurement bar is connected with the piston rod that is positioned at oil transportation main line endpiece by web member.
Rock volume deformation measurement sensor of the present invention, the length of its piston rod should be greater than the length of measuring oil cylinder, to meet the needs of measurement.
Rock volume deformation measurement sensor of the present invention, the preferred two ends of its web member are provided with rod member or the stripe board of connecting hole.
Rock sample cubic deformation measuring method of the present invention, is used rock volume deformation measurement sensor of the present invention, operates as follows:
1. rock sample is arranged on the indoor sample bench of the triaxial pressure of triaxial compression test machine, the oil transportation main line endpiece of described rock volume deformation measurement sensor is connected with the petroleum pipeline of described triaxial cell, the oil transportation main line entrance point of described rock volume deformation measurement sensor is connected with supply reservoir, the signal output interface of the displacement transducer of described rock volume deformation measurement sensor is connected with the control system of triaxial compression test machine;
2. open the stop valve arranging on described oil transportation main line, the triaxial cell that makes to measure the first chamber, the second chamber and the triaxial compression test machine of oil cylinder is full of fluid;
3. according to the contingent maximum volume dilatational strain of the rock sample of preresearch estimates, the piston rod that operation is not connected with displacement measurement bar, piston is adjusted to and can measures the corresponding position of the contingent maximum volume dilatational strain of rock sample, then close the stop valve arranging on oil transportation main line;
While 4. measuring the compression volume distortion of rock sample, the triaxial pressure that measurement oil cylinder is inputted triaxial compression test machine continuously near the fluid in the chamber of oil transportation main line endpiece is indoor, cause piston to the endpiece motion of oil transportation main line, the piston rod being connected with piston drives the displacement measurement bar of displacement transducer to the direction motion of piston movement, in the motion of displacement measurement bar, displacement transducer is carried the electric signal of displacement measurement bar exercise data to the control system of triaxial compression test machine, the control system of triaxial compression test machine is processed the electric signal receiving, record and show the compression volume distortion of rock,
While 5. measuring the expanding volume distortion of rock sample, in the chamber of the indoor continuous input measurement oil cylinder of fluid of the triaxial pressure of triaxial compression test machine near oil transportation main line endpiece, cause piston to the entrance point motion of oil transportation main line, the piston rod being connected with piston drives the displacement measurement bar of displacement transducer to the direction motion of piston movement, in the motion of displacement measurement bar, displacement transducer is carried the electric signal of displacement measurement bar exercise data to the control system of triaxial compression test machine, the control system of triaxial compression test machine is processed the electric signal receiving, record and show the expanding volume distortion of rock.
From said method, can find out, when rock sample generation compression volume is out of shape, by causing measuring oil cylinder, near the fluid in the chamber of oil transportation main line endpiece, reduce, thereby make to reduce near the chamber volume of oil transportation main line endpiece, when rock sample expands cubic deformation, by causing measuring oil cylinder, near the fluid in the chamber of oil transportation main line endpiece, increase, thereby make to increase near the chamber volume of oil transportation main line endpiece, measuring oil cylinder reduces value near oil transportation main line endpiece chamber volume and deducts triaxial compression test machine and load column and enter the cubic deformation value that the indoor volume change value of triaxial pressure is out of shape for rock sample generation compression volume, measuring oil cylinder deducts triaxial compression test machine near oil transportation main line endpiece chamber volume added value and loads column and enter the indoor volume change value of triaxial pressure and for rock sample, expand the cubic deformation value of cubic deformation.According to above-mentioned mechanism, carry out Software for Design and in the control system of triaxial compression test machine, described software is installed, the control system of triaxial compression test machine can record and show according to the electric signal of displacement measurement bar exercise data compression volume distortion and the expanding volume distortion of rock.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the measurement that the present invention is rock sample cubic deformation provides a kind of new method and new surveying instrument of design unlike the prior art, and the feature of the method for the invention is to obtain rock sample the overall process data of cubic deformation and the distortion of the true volume of rock sample in being pressed process.
2, the method for the invention efficiently solves the cubic deformation measurement problem of the soft rock with large deformation feature, and the utilization that can be soft rock provides reliable Data support.
3, rock volume deformation measurement sensor of the present invention is not only simple in structure, and supports the use easy and simple to handlely with triaxial compression test machine, thereby is easy to promote.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of rock volume deformation measurement sensor of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the triaxial cell of triaxial compression test machine.
In figure, 1-piston rod, 2-measures oil cylinder (2-1: the first chamber, 2-2: the second chamber); 3-piston, 4-displacement transducer shell, 5-displacement measurement bar; 6-web member, 7-stop valve, 8-oil transportation main line; 9-the first oil transportation arm, 10-the second oil transportation arm, 11-rock sample top-loaded column; 12-triaxial cell, 13-diaphragm, 14-rock sample; 15-rock sample bottom-loaded column, 16-triaxial cell petroleum pipeline, 17-triaxial cell base.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the measuring method of rock volume deformation measurement sensor of the present invention and rock sample cubic deformation is described further.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the structure of rock volume deformation measurement sensor as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, forms by measuring oil cylinder 2, piston 3, piston rod 1, displacement transducer, web member 6, oil transportation main line 8, the first oil transportation arm 9, the second oil transportation arm 10 and stop valve 7.
The length of measuring oil cylinder 2 is 400mm, and internal diameter is 80mm, and the external diameter of piston 3 is identical with the internal diameter nominal size of measuring oil cylinder 2, and coordinates for moving, and described piston 3 is positioned at measures oil cylinder 2, and measurement oil cylinder is divided into the first chamber 2-1 and the second chamber 2-2; One end of the first oil transportation arm 9 is connected with the first chamber 2-1, its other end is connected with oil transportation main line 8, one end of the second oil transportation arm 10 is connected with the second chamber 2-2, its other end is connected with oil transportation main line 8, stop valve 7 is high-pressure ball valve (model: MKHP-800, China Yuci Tian Xing hydraulic machine company limited produces), be arranged between the joint of oil transportation main line and the first oil transportation arm and the joint of the second oil transportation arm; Piston rod 1 is two, the length of two-piston bar is all than the long 40mm of length that measures oil cylinder 2, one end of two-piston bar is connected with the centre of piston 3 both ends of the surface respectively, and their center line overlaps with the center line of piston 3, the other end of two-piston bar stretches out from measuring the end cap at oil cylinder two ends respectively; Displacement transducer is commercial goods (model: WYDC-500L, manufacturing enterprise: Chinese Xiamen Ke Yuan observation and control technology company limited), its range is greater than the length of measuring oil cylinder 2, described displacement transducer is arranged on the lateral wall of measuring oil cylinder, the free end of its displacement measurement bar 5 is connected with the piston rod that is positioned at oil transportation main line 8 endpiece by web member 6, and described web member 6 is provided with the stripe board of connecting hole for two ends.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment to soft rock test specimen the cubic deformation in triaxial compression test measure, the triaxial compression test machine model of use is: MTS815(American MTS company produces); Rock volume deformation measurement sensor described in use embodiment 1, operates as follows:
1. rock sample 14 is arranged on the indoor sample bench of the triaxial pressure of triaxial compression test machine (as shown in Figure 4), oil transportation main line 8 endpiece of described rock volume deformation measurement sensor are connected with the petroleum pipeline 16 of described triaxial cell, oil transportation main line 8 entrance points of described rock volume deformation measurement sensor are connected with supply reservoir, the signal output interface of the displacement transducer of described rock volume deformation measurement sensor is connected with the control system of triaxial compression test machine;
2. open the stop valve 7 arranging on described oil transportation main line 8, make to measure the first chamber 2-1, the second chamber 2-2 of oil cylinder and the triaxial cell 12 of triaxial compression test machine and be full of fluid;
3. according to the contingent maximum volume dilatational strain of the rock sample of preresearch estimates, the piston rod that operation is not connected with displacement measurement bar 5, piston 3 is adjusted to the position corresponding with the contingent maximum volume dilatational strain of rock sample, then closes the stop valve 7 arranging on oil transportation main line 8;
4. operate triaxial compression test machine, rock sample 14 is applied to confined pressure pressure, under the effect of confined pressure pressure, there is gradually compression volume distortion in rock sample 14, in this process, measuring fluid in the second chamber 2-2 of oil cylinder 2, to input continuously the triaxial pressure of triaxial compression test machine indoor, cause piston 3 to the endpiece motion of oil transportation main line 8, the piston rod being connected with piston drives the displacement measurement bar 5 of displacement transducer to the direction motion of piston movement, in 5 motions of displacement measurement bar, displacement transducer is carried the electric signal of displacement measurement bar exercise data to the control system of triaxial compression test machine, the control system of triaxial compression test machine is processed the electric signal receiving, record and show the compression volume distortion of rock,
5. when confined pressure pressure adds to after desired value, operation triaxial compression test machine applies xial feed to rock sample 14, until rock destroys, under the effect of xial feed, first there is compression volume distortion in rock sample 14, then expand cubic deformation, at rock sample 14, occur in compression volume deformation process, measuring fluid in the second chamber 2-2 of oil cylinder 2, to input continuously the triaxial pressure of triaxial compression test machine indoor, cause piston 3 to the endpiece motion of oil transportation main line 8, the piston rod being connected with piston drives the displacement measurement bar 5 of displacement transducer to the direction motion of piston movement, in 5 motions of displacement measurement bar, displacement transducer is carried the electric signal of displacement measurement bar exercise data to the control system of triaxial compression test machine, the control system of triaxial compression test machine is processed the electric signal receiving, record and show the compression volume distortion of rock, at rock sample 14, expand in cubic deformation process, in the second chamber 2-2 of the continuous input measurement oil cylinder 2 of fluid that the triaxial pressure of triaxial compression test machine is indoor, cause piston 3 to the entrance point motion of oil transportation main line 8, the piston rod being connected with piston drives the displacement measurement bar 5 of displacement transducer to the direction motion of piston movement, in 5 motions of displacement measurement bar, displacement transducer is carried the electric signal of displacement measurement bar exercise data to the control system of triaxial compression test machine, the control system of triaxial compression test machine is processed the electric signal receiving, record and show the expanding volume distortion of rock.
Claims (4)
1. a rock volume deformation measurement sensor, is characterized in that comprising measurement oil cylinder (2), piston (3), piston rod (1), displacement transducer and oil transportation main line (8);
Piston (3) is positioned at measures oil cylinder (2), measurement oil cylinder is divided into the first chamber (2-1) and the second chamber (2-2), the first chamber is provided with the first oil transportation arm (9) being connected with oil transportation main line (8), the second chamber is provided with the second oil transportation arm (10) being connected with oil transportation main line (8), between the joint of oil transportation main line and the first oil transportation arm and the joint of the second oil transportation arm, is provided with stop valve (7);
Piston rod (1) is two, and one end of two-piston bar is connected with the centre of side face of piston ring respectively, and their center line overlaps with the center line of piston, and the other end of two-piston bar stretches out from measuring the end cap at oil cylinder two ends respectively;
Displacement transducer is arranged on the lateral wall of measuring oil cylinder, and the free end of the displacement measurement bar (5) of displacement transducer is connected with the piston rod that is positioned at oil transportation main line (8) endpiece by web member (6).
2. rock volume deformation measurement sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that the length of described piston rod (1) is greater than the length of measuring oil cylinder (2).
3. rock volume deformation measurement sensor according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described web member (6) is provided with rod member or the stripe board of connecting hole for two ends.
4. a rock sample cubic deformation measuring method, is characterized in that any rock volume deformation measurement sensor in right to use requirement 1 to 3, operates as follows:
1. rock sample (14) is arranged on the indoor sample bench of the triaxial pressure of triaxial compression test machine, oil transportation main line (8) endpiece of described rock volume deformation measurement sensor is connected with the petroleum pipeline (16) of described triaxial cell, oil transportation main line (8) entrance point of described rock volume deformation measurement sensor is connected with supply reservoir, the signal output interface of the displacement transducer of described rock volume deformation measurement sensor is connected with the control system of triaxial compression test machine;
2. open the upper stop valve (7) arranging of described oil transportation main line (8), the triaxial cell (12) that makes to measure the first chamber (2-1), the second chamber (2-2) and the triaxial compression test machine of oil cylinder is full of fluid;
3. according to the contingent maximum volume dilatational strain of the rock sample of preresearch estimates, the piston rod that operation is not connected with displacement measurement bar (5), piston (3) is adjusted to and can tests the corresponding position of the contingent maximum volume dilatational strain of rock sample, then close the upper stop valve (7) arranging of oil transportation main line (8);
While 4. measuring the compression volume distortion of rock sample, the triaxial pressure that measurement oil cylinder (2) is inputted triaxial compression test machine continuously near the fluid in the chamber of oil transportation main line (8) endpiece is indoor, cause piston (3) to the endpiece motion of oil transportation main line (8), the piston rod being connected with piston drives the displacement measurement bar (5) of displacement transducer to the direction motion of piston movement, in displacement measurement bar (5) motion, displacement transducer is carried the electric signal of displacement measurement bar exercise data to the control system of triaxial compression test machine, the control system of triaxial compression test machine is processed the electric signal receiving, record and show the compression volume distortion of rock,
While 5. measuring the expanding volume distortion of rock sample, the indoor continuous input measurement oil cylinder of fluid (2) of the triaxial pressure of triaxial compression test machine is near in the chamber of oil transportation main line (8) endpiece, cause piston (3) to the entrance point motion of oil transportation main line (8), the piston rod being connected with piston drives the displacement measurement bar (5) of displacement transducer to the direction motion of piston movement, in displacement measurement bar (5) motion, displacement transducer is carried the electric signal of displacement measurement bar exercise data to the control system of triaxial compression test machine, the control system of triaxial compression test machine is processed the electric signal receiving, record and show the expanding volume distortion of rock.
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| CN201210294606.1A CN102798371B (en) | 2012-08-17 | 2012-08-17 | Rock volume deformation measuring sensor and rock test-piece volume deformation measuring method |
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| CN102798371B true CN102798371B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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| CN106066298B (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2017-06-06 | 南京工业大学 | Based on flat sample unsaturated soil triaxial test volume measurement device and measuring method |
| CN107063882B (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2023-03-03 | 四川大学 | Rock mechanics experimental system for simulating deep ground environment |
| CN109029235B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2023-06-30 | 山东科技大学 | Mechanical expansion type hole wall deformation sensor for drilling and monitoring and using method |
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| US3969984A (en) * | 1974-11-11 | 1976-07-20 | Hydroacoustics Inc. | Hydroacoustic apparatus and valving mechanisms for use therein |
| CN2660507Y (en) * | 2003-09-17 | 2004-12-01 | 西安力创计量仪器有限公司 | Rock and soil 3-D state strength testing device |
| CN201359541Y (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2009-12-09 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Full-automation rock expansion force tester |
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Inventor after: Liu Jianfeng Inventor after: Xie Heping Inventor after: Xu Jin Inventor after: Ju Yang Inventor after: Deng Jianhui Inventor after: Wu Gang Inventor after: Chen Liang Inventor before: Liu Jianfeng Inventor before: Xie Heping Inventor before: Xu Jin |
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