CN109115510B - Six-component force test bed and error determination method thereof - Google Patents
Six-component force test bed and error determination method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109115510B CN109115510B CN201811163636.2A CN201811163636A CN109115510B CN 109115510 B CN109115510 B CN 109115510B CN 201811163636 A CN201811163636 A CN 201811163636A CN 109115510 B CN109115510 B CN 109115510B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/14—Testing gas-turbine engines or jet-propulsion engines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/12—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring axial thrust in a rotary shaft, e.g. of propulsion plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The six-component force test bed comprises a six-component force test bed and a vector force loading device, wherein the six-component force test bed comprises a movable frame, a fixed frame, a force measuring assembly and an in-situ calibration device; the force measuring components and the in-situ calibration device are multiple, the movable frame is connected with the fixed frame through the multiple force measuring components and the in-situ calibration device, and the vector force loading device is fixed on the fixed frame and connected with the movable frame. The six-component force test bed provided by the invention realizes measurement of six-component force vector and determination of errors, and is simple in structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thrust measurement, in particular to a six-component force test stand and a method for determining errors of the six-component force test stand.
Background
The engine test and test technology is an important component of the solid propulsion technology, and the eccentricity of the thrust vector is an important parameter to be measured in the engine test and test. To study the eccentricity of the engine thrust vector, a number of trial and error tests are required, which would not be possible if they were all put into flight test. The main reasons are high cost, long period, small information harvest, risk and great manpower consumption. The engine ground test is to perform static test on the ground according to specific conditions and environmental requirements, and obtain various performance index information describing the system so as to solve the key problems in the process of testing the engine thrust eccentricity, however, in the prior art, no mature technology exists for the experimental equipment of the engine vector force, especially the experimental equipment of the engine six-component vector force, and meanwhile, the six-component vector thrust measurement technology, especially the horizontal six-component vector thrust measurement technology in the prior art does not consider the gravity of the engine or does not consider the gravity influence of the engine well, so that a larger error exists in the measurement result.
In addition, the test of the vector engine requires a vector thrust test bed, and related calibration work is required to ensure the accuracy of test data of the vector thrust test bed. The greatest difference between the vector test bed calibration and the axial test bed is that the simulated thrust applied during the vector test bed calibration is a space vector force, and the simulated thrust applied during the axial test bed calibration is a single-direction thrust. The existing vector table calibration technology in China is only limited to single component calibration, and the method can only apply single-direction simulation thrust respectively along three directions and cannot simulate space vector force. The calibration result obtained by applying the single-direction simulation thrust cannot directly explain the performance of the vector thrust measurement system and cannot meet the requirement of accurate measurement of the vector thrust. In order to obtain an accurate thrust test result when the vector engine is tested, the engine performance is accurately estimated, and a space vector force is required to be applied to the vector test bed to simulate the thrust of the vector engine, so that the vector test bed is subjected to thrust calibration, and the interaction between force sensors is mastered, however, the vector force loading device in the prior art has a complex structure, and the accumulated error is increased due to the complex structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a six-component force test stand and a method for determining errors thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the six-component force test bed comprises a six-component force test bed and a vector force loading device, wherein the six-component force test bed comprises a movable frame, a fixed frame, a force measuring assembly and an in-situ calibration device; the force measuring components and the in-situ calibration device are multiple, the movable frame is connected with the fixed frame through the multiple force measuring components and the in-situ calibration device, and the vector force loading device is fixed on the fixed frame and connected with the movable frame.
Further, the movable frame comprises a switching frame, a center frame, a reinforcing plate and a truss; the connecting frame, the truss and the center frame are sequentially and fixedly connected along the axial direction of the test piece, and the reinforcing plate is arranged on the test piece; the transfer frame comprises a front plate, a bearing pipe and a rear plate which are fixedly connected in sequence, the rear plate is connected with the truss, and a center sleeve is fixed on the front plate; the fixed frame comprises a horizontal foundation part, a bearing part and a mounting part; the horizontal foundation part comprises a horizontal base, a horizontal substrate, a first supporting seat and a second supporting seat; the horizontal base plate is fixed on the horizontal base, the first supporting seats and the second supporting seats are fixed on the horizontal base, the number of the first supporting seats is 2, the first supporting seats are symmetrically arranged relative to the length direction of the horizontal base plate, the number of the second supporting seats is 2, and the second supporting seats are symmetrically arranged relative to the length direction of the horizontal base plate; the bearing part comprises a bearing wall, a bearing frame, a bearing seat mounting seat and a bearing seat; the bearing wall is fixedly connected with one end of the horizontal base, one end of the bearing seat mounting seat is fixedly connected with the horizontal base plate, the other end of the bearing seat is fixedly connected with the bearing seat, one end of the bearing frame is fixedly connected with the bearing wall, and the other end of the bearing frame is fixedly connected with the bearing seat; the mounting part comprises a first portal frame and a second portal frame, the first portal frame is fixedly connected with the first supporting seat, and the second portal frame is fixedly connected with the second supporting seat; along the length direction of the horizontal base, a bearing wall, a bearing frame, a bearing seat, a first portal frame and a second portal frame are sequentially arranged; the force measuring assembly and the in-situ calibration device are multiple; the center sleeve on the adapter bracket is connected with the bearing seat through a force measuring assembly; the top of the rear plate is connected with a beam of the first portal frame through an in-situ calibration device, one side surface of the rear plate is connected with one upright post of the first portal frame through a force measuring assembly, and the other side surface of the rear plate is connected with the other upright post of the first portal frame through an in-situ calibration device; the bottom of the rear plate is connected with the horizontal base plate through a force measuring assembly, and all in-situ calibration devices and force measuring assemblies connected with the rear plate are arranged on a vertical surface; one side surface of the center frame is connected with one upright post of the second portal frame through one force measuring component, the other side surface of the center frame is connected with the other upright post of the second portal frame through one in-situ calibration device, the bottom of the center frame is connected with the horizontal substrate through 2 force measuring components and 1 in-situ calibration device, the 2 force measuring components which are connected with the bottom of the center frame and the horizontal substrate are positioned at two sides of the in-situ calibration device which is connected with the bottom of the center frame and the horizontal substrate, and all the in-situ calibration devices and the force measuring components which are connected with the center frame are positioned on one vertical surface; the vector force loading device comprises a mounting seat, a vector force loading cylinder, a fixed pulley, a vector force loading device force transducer and a steel wire rope; the mounting seat is fixed on the fixed frame, the vector force loading cylinder and the fixed pulley are fixed on the mounting seat, one end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the movable frame, the other end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the vector force loading cylinder, the steel wire rope bypasses the fixed pulley, and the force transducer is arranged on the steel wire rope.
Further, the wire rope comprises a first section and a second section, one end of the first section of the wire rope is fixed on the vector force loading cylinder, the other end of the first section of the wire rope is connected with one end of the vector force loading device force transducer, one end of the second section of the wire rope is fixed on the movable frame, the other end of the second section of the wire rope is connected with the other end of the vector force loading device force transducer, and the first section of the wire rope bypasses the fixed pulley.
Further, the force measuring assembly comprises a first connecting plate, a first universal flexible piece, a force measuring sensor, a second universal flexible piece and a second connecting plate which are sequentially connected.
Further, the in-situ calibration device comprises a hydraulic loading device, a force sensor and a calibration hydraulic cylinder which are connected in sequence.
Further, the first portal frame, the second portal frame and the bearing seat mounting seat are provided with overflow holes.
Further, the force sensor of the force measuring assembly connecting the center sleeve on the adapter frame and the bearing seat is a pressure sensor.
Further, the force measuring assembly connecting one side surface of the center frame with one upright post of the second portal frame and the force measuring sensor connecting one side surface of the rear plate with one upright post of the first portal frame are tension-compression bidirectional force measuring sensors.
Further, the force measuring sensor of the 2 force measuring components connected with the bottom of the center frame and the horizontal base plate and the force measuring component connected with the bottom of the rear plate and the horizontal base plate is a tension-compression bidirectional force measuring sensor.
The method for determining the error by using the six-component force test stand comprises the following steps:
s1), applying vector thrust;
fixing the mounting seat on the fixed frame according to a preset position, enabling the vector force provided by the steel wire rope to coincide with the direction of the preset vector thrust, generating axial displacement by the vector force loading cylinder, changing the direction of the acting force through fixed pulley transmission so as to apply the vector force to the movable frame, measuring the force value of the applied vector force through the vector force loading device force measuring sensor, and enabling the vector force borne by the movable frame to be the simulated vector thrust;
s2), constructing a six-component force model;
constructing an O-XYZ rectangular coordinate system, taking the intersection point of the axis of the test piece and the vertical surface where the in-situ calibration device connected with the rear plate and the force measuring component are positioned as an origin O of the coordinate system, taking the axis of the test piece as an X axis, enabling a Y axis to cross the origin O vertically and be parallel to a horizontal plane, and enabling a Z axis to cross the origin O vertically and be parallel to the vertical surface; the tensile force of the force measuring assembly is regulated to be positive, and the compressive force is regulated to be negative;
s3) according to the six-component force model, calculating the magnitude, the eccentric angle and the eccentric distance of the vector thrust of the test piece through a space force system balance equation set; the system of spatial force system balance equations is:
wherein: f1 and F2 are respectively force measuring values of 2 force measuring components connecting the bottom of the center frame and the horizontal substrate, and the unit is N; f3 is a force measurement value of a force measurement assembly for connecting one side surface of the center frame with one upright post of the second portal frame, and the unit is N; f4 is a force measurement value of a force measurement assembly for connecting the bottom of the rear plate with the horizontal base plate, and the unit is N; f5 is a force measurement value of a force measurement assembly of one upright post for connecting one side surface of the rear plate with the first portal frame, and the unit is N; f6 is a force measurement value of a force measurement assembly for connecting the center sleeve on the adapter frame and the force bearing seat, and the unit is N;
p is the magnitude of vector thrust, and the unit is N;
px, py and Pz are components of vector thrust in the directions of three coordinates of X, Y, Z respectively, and the unit of the number value is N;
mx, my and Mz are components of the resultant moment in X, Y, Z coordinate directions respectively, the unit of the quantity value is N.m, and the positive direction is determined according to the right-hand spiral rule;
w is the gravity of the test piece, the unit is N, and the unit is a known value;
lm is the horizontal distance between the center of gravity of the test piece and the vertical surface where all in-situ calibration devices and force measuring assemblies connected with the rear plate are located, and the unit is m, which is a known value;
l is the distance between the vertical surface of all the in-situ calibration devices and the force measuring assemblies connected with the rear plate and the vertical surface of all the in-situ calibration devices and the force measuring assemblies connected with the center frame, and the unit is m, which is a known value;
r is half of the horizontal distance between the bottom of the center frame and 2 force measuring components of the horizontal base plate on the vertical surface where all the in-situ calibration devices and the force measuring components connected with the center frame are positioned, and the unit is m, which is a known value;
yp and zp are coordinates of an intersection point of a vertical plane where the vector thrust passes through the center of gravity of the test piece in a Y axis and a Z axis respectively, and the numerical unit is m;
ρ is the eccentricity of the vector thrust;
gamma is the eccentric angle of the vector thrust;
s4), determining errors of the test stand through the vector thrust determined in the step S3 and the vector thrust applied in the step S1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the six-component force test bed provided by the invention realizes measurement of six-component force vector and determination of errors, and is simple in structure.
2. According to the six-component force test bed, the movable frame of the six-component force test bed is rigidly connected with the test piece through the rear plate of the transfer frame, the center frame supports and fixes the tail part of the test piece, the adjusting wheel adjusts the mounting position of the test piece to enable the test piece to be coaxial with the movable frame for accurate positioning, the measuring device is connected with the in-situ calibration device through the center sleeve, coaxiality of the test piece, the force measuring device and the in-situ calibration device is achieved, the structure is simple, and the mounting of the measuring device and the test piece is simple and easy.
3. The six-component force test bed has the advantages that the overall rigidity of the movable frame of the six-component force test bed is high, stress elements are reasonably distributed in design in order to ensure the dynamic performance of the test bed, the structural equal-strength principle is adopted, the optimization design such as unstressed parts of materials is removed, and the quality of the movable frame is reduced.
4. According to the six-component force test bed, the adjusting support is arranged on the reinforcing plate of the movable frame of the six-component force test bed, so that the height of the connecting plate can be adjusted within a certain range, the reliable contact between the connecting plate and a test piece is ensured, and the supporting effect is achieved.
5. The truss structure of the movable frame of the six-component test bed consists of five horizontal support pipes and a plurality of groups of inclined support pipes, is used for connecting the adapter frame and the center frame, bears deformation caused by horizontal and lateral forces, and ensures the rigidity of the movable frame.
6. According to the six-component force test bed, the horizontal base is arranged on the fixed frame of the six-component force test bed, so that the bearing capacity of the whole fixed frame is improved, the horizontal base plate is fixedly arranged on the horizontal base of the base through the pressing plate, the bearing capacity of the horizontal base plate is improved, and meanwhile, the levelness of the horizontal base plate is adjusted through adjusting the sizing block, so that the accuracy of the whole fixed frame is improved.
7. According to the six-component force test bed, the fixed frame of the six-component force test bed is provided with the overflow holes on the first portal frame, the second portal frame and the bearing seat mounting seat, and a symmetrical structure is adopted, so that the influence of a surrounding flow field on the force measuring assembly is reduced.
8. According to the six-component force test bed, the fixed frame of the six-component force test bed is provided with the first gantry frame and the second gantry frame, so that the test piece simulation device is ingeniously installed.
9. According to the method for measuring the vector thrust by the six-component force, the size, the eccentric angle and the eccentric distance of the vector thrust of the tested object are calculated by constructing the six-component force model and the space force system balance square equation group, so that a complex structure is simplified, and a foundation is laid for designing a six-component force test system.
10. The method for measuring the vector thrust by the six-component force adopts a horizontal six-component force measuring method, is different from the vertical six-component force measuring method in the prior art, opens up a new design method for the six-component force testing system, is beneficial to the design of the six-component force testing system, and solves the problem that the existing vertical six-component force testing system occupies a relatively high space.
11. The method for measuring the vector thrust by six component force fully considers the gravity of the engine and greatly improves the measurement accuracy.
12. The six-component force test stand provided by the invention has the advantages that the vector force loading device simulates the direction angle of vector force by using the geometric angle, the angle is adjustable, the structure is simple, and the force applied by adopting the flexible stainless steel thin wire rope basically does not generate additional constraint on the movable frame.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a six-component test bed in the six-component test bed of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a vector force loading device in the six-component force test stand of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fixed frame of the six-component test bed in the six-component test bed of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a movable frame of the six-component test bed in the six-component test bed according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a transfer frame of a movable frame of a six-component test bed in the six-component test bed according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a center frame of a movable frame of a six-component test bed in the six-component test bed according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a reinforcing plate of a movable frame of a six-component test bed in the six-component test bed according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a force measuring assembly of the six-component test bed in the six-component test bed of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a limit support frame of a six-component test bed in the six-component test bed according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a mathematical model schematic of the method of measuring vector thrust by six component force of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, features defining "first", "second" may include one or more such features, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "abutting" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The six-component force test bed comprises a six-component force test bed and a vector force loading device 500, wherein the six-component force test bed is used for measuring vector force of a test piece 10 and comprises a movable frame 100, a fixed frame 200, force measuring assemblies 300 and an in-situ calibration device 400, the force measuring assemblies 300 and the in-situ calibration device 400 are multiple, the movable frame 100 is connected with the fixed frame 200 through the force measuring assemblies 300 and the in-situ calibration device 400, and the vector force loading device 500 is fixed on the fixed frame 200 and is connected with the movable frame 100.
The movable frame 100 is a device for supporting the test piece 10 and transmitting axial thrust, horizontal lateral thrust and vertical lateral force generated by the test piece, the length is about 3200mm, the circumferential dimension is about 900mm multiplied by 900mm, and the weight is about 500kg; specifically, the device comprises a transfer frame 110, a center frame 120, a reinforcing plate 130 and a truss 140; along the axial direction of the test piece 10, the adaptor bracket 110, the truss 140 and the center frame 120 are fixedly connected in sequence, and the reinforcing plate 130 is mounted on the test piece 10. The adapter bracket 110 is a component for connecting the test piece 10 and the measuring device, and comprises a front plate 112, a bearing pipe 113 and a rear plate 114 which are fixedly connected in sequence, wherein the rear plate 114 is connected with the truss 140. A center sleeve 111 is fixed on the front plate 112; the front plate 112 is connected with the bearing seat 224 through a pull rod 225; the bottom of the rear plate 114 is connected with the horizontal base plate 212 through 2 limit supporting frames 370, and the 2 limit supporting frames 370 are positioned on two sides of the force measuring assembly 300 connecting the bottom of the rear plate 114 and the horizontal base plate 212.
The fixed frame 200 is a reference platform of the whole six-component force test bench, and is used for bearing the main thrust and the lateral force transmitted by the force measuring assembly during working and bearing the standard force generated by the calibration oil cylinder assembly during calibration, and specifically comprises a horizontal foundation part, a force bearing part and an installation part; the horizontal base part comprises a horizontal base 211, a horizontal base plate 212, a first supporting seat 213 and a second supporting seat 214; the horizontal substrate 212 is fixed on the horizontal base 211, the first support seats 213 and the second support seats 214 are fixed on the horizontal base 211, the number of the first support seats 213 is 2, the number of the second support seats 214 is 2, and the number of the first support seats 213 is 2, and the second support seats are symmetrically arranged with respect to the length direction of the horizontal substrate 212. The bearing part comprises a bearing wall 221, a bearing frame 222, a bearing seat mounting seat 223 and a bearing seat 224; the bearing wall 221 is fixedly connected with one end of the horizontal base 211, one end of the bearing seat mounting seat 223 is fixedly connected with the horizontal base 212, the other end of the bearing seat mounting seat is fixedly connected with the bearing seat 224, one end of the bearing frame 222 is fixedly connected with the bearing wall 221, and the other end of the bearing frame is fixedly connected with the bearing seat 224; the bearing seat 224 directly bears the axial thrust generated by the test piece, and transmits the thrust to the bearing wall 221 through the bearing frame 222. The mounting portion includes a first portal frame 231 and a second portal frame 232, which are components for bearing and supporting the horizontal lateral force calibration device and the vertical lateral force calibration device, the first portal frame 231 is fixedly connected with the first support base 213, and the second portal frame 232 is fixedly connected with the second support base 214. The bearing wall 221, the bearing frame 222, the bearing seat 224, the first portal frame 231 and the second portal frame 232 are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the horizontal base 211.
The force measuring assembly 300 and the in-situ calibration device 400 are multiple; the movable frame 100 is connected with the fixed frame 200 through a plurality of force measuring assemblies 300 and a plurality of in-situ calibration devices 400; wherein, the center sleeve 111 on the adapter bracket 110 is connected with the bearing seat 224 through a force measuring assembly 300; the top of the rear plate 114 is connected with the beam of the first portal frame 231 through an in-situ calibration device 400, one side surface of the rear plate 114 is connected with one upright of the first portal frame 231 through a force measuring assembly 300, and the other side surface is connected with the other upright of the first portal frame 231 through an in-situ calibration device 400; the bottom of the back plate 114 is connected to the horizontal base plate 212 by a force measuring assembly 300, all in-situ calibration devices 400 and force measuring assemblies 300 connected to the back plate 114 being on a vertical plane. One side surface of the center frame 120 is connected with one column of the second portal frame 232 through one force measuring assembly 300, the other side surface is connected with the other column of the second portal frame 232 through one in-situ calibration device 400, the bottom of the center frame 120 is connected with the horizontal substrate 212 through 2 force measuring assemblies 300 and 1 in-situ calibration device 400, and the 2 force measuring assemblies 300 connecting the bottom of the center frame 120 with the horizontal substrate 212 are positioned at two sides of the in-situ calibration device 400 connecting the bottom of the center frame 120 with the horizontal substrate 212; all in-situ calibration apparatus 400 and force measuring assembly 300 are connected to the center frame 120 in a vertical plane.
Vector force loading device 500 includes mount 510, vector force loading cylinder 520, crown block 530, load cell 540, and wire rope 550; the mounting base 510 is fixed on the fixed frame 200, the vector force loading cylinder 520 and the fixed pulley 530 are fixed on the mounting base 510, one end of the steel wire rope 550 is fixed on the movable frame 100, the other end is fixed on the vector force loading cylinder 520, the steel wire rope 550 bypasses the fixed pulley, and the vector force loading device load cell 340 is arranged on the steel wire rope 350.
Preferably, the wire rope 350 includes a first section and a second section, one end of the first section of the wire rope 350 is fixed on the vector force loading cylinder 320, the other end is connected with one end of the vector force loading device load cell 340, one end of the second section of the wire rope 350 is fixed on the movable frame 100, the other end is connected with the other end of the vector force loading device load cell 340, and the first section of the wire rope 350 bypasses the fixed pulley.
Preferably, the vector force loading cylinder 320 is an oil cylinder or a gas cylinder.
Preferably, the steel wire rope 350 is a flexible stainless steel wire rope, and the material of the steel wire rope is 304 (elastic modulus e=194 GPa), and the tensile strength σb is not lower than 520MPa.
Preferably, the force measuring assembly 300 includes a first connection plate 340, a first gimbal 320, a force sensor 310, a second gimbal 330, and a second connection plate 350, which are sequentially connected. Further preferably, the force sensor of the force measuring assembly connecting the center sleeve 111 on the adapter bracket 110 and the force bearing seat 224 is a pressure sensor; the force measuring assembly connecting one side of the center frame 120 and one column of the second portal frame 232 and the force measuring sensor connecting one side of the rear plate 114 and one column of the first portal frame 231 are tension and compression bidirectional force measuring sensors; the force sensors connecting the bottom of the center frame 120 and the 2 force measuring components of the horizontal base plate 212 and the force measuring components connecting the bottom of the rear plate 114 and the horizontal base plate 212 are tension and compression bidirectional force measuring sensors.
Preferably, the in-situ calibration device 400 includes a hydraulic loading device 410, a force sensor 420 and a calibration hydraulic cylinder 430, which are sequentially connected, wherein the hydraulic loading device is a device for controlling the calibration hydraulic cylinder 430 and is composed of a stepping motor, a speed reducer, a plunger assembly and other components; the calibration cylinder is a force source of the in-situ calibration system, and the standard sensor is forced by the calibration cylinder. The in-situ calibration device 400 is arranged to realize in-situ calibration of the test piece of the test bed, improve the precision of the whole test bed, and avoid precision errors caused by displacement of related experimental devices after multiple tests.
Preferably, a first gantry mounting frame 234 is provided on each upright of the first gantry 231, and a second gantry mounting frame 235 is provided on each upright of the second gantry 232, so as to realize the installation of the test piece simulation device, further preferably, the test piece 10 is a gas turbine engine simulation test piece, the gas turbine engine simulation test piece includes test piece simulation input cylinders 11, the number of the test piece simulation input cylinders 11 is 4, and the test piece simulation input cylinders 11 are respectively installed on 2 first gantry mounting frames 234 and second gantry mounting frames 235, and the test piece simulation input cylinders 11 are air inlet simulation cylinders which simulate the air inlet of an engine.
Preferably, the first portal frame 231, the second portal frame 232 and the bearing seat mounting seat 223 are provided with an overflow hole 233, so as to reduce the influence of the surrounding flow field on the force measuring assembly.
Preferably, the number of the bearing pipes 113 is 4, and the bearing pipes are symmetrically arranged in the same plane relative to the axial direction of the test piece so as to reasonably distribute stress by adopting the principle of structural equal strength.
Preferably, the center frame 120 is a part for supporting and fixing the tail of the test piece, and comprises an upper cover 121, a lower body 123 and an adjusting wheel 122; the upper cover 121 is fixedly connected with the lower body 123, the number of the adjusting wheels 122 is 4, the 4 adjusting wheels 122 are symmetrically arranged in the same plane relative to the axial direction of the test piece 10, the 2 adjusting wheels 122 penetrate through the upper cover 121,2, the lower body 123 penetrates through the adjusting wheels, and the mounting position of the test piece 10 and the movable frame are coaxial to be accurately positioned through the arrangement of the adjusting wheels.
Preferably, the reinforcing plate 130 is a component for bearing tens of tons of internal force generated by the test piece, and comprises a flat plate 131 and adjusting brackets 132, wherein the adjusting brackets 132 are fixed on the flat plate 131, the number of the reinforcing plates 130 is 2, the reinforcing plates are symmetrically connected with the test piece 10 up and down, and the adjusting brackets 132 comprise a test piece connecting plate 1321, a lifting adjusting device 1323 and an adjusting bracket fixing seat 1322; the two ends of the lifting adjusting device 1323 are respectively connected with the test piece connecting plate 1321 and the adjusting bracket fixing seat 1322, the lifting adjusting device 1323 can be in the forms of a hydraulic cylinder, a worm gear and the like, the test piece connecting plate 1321 is connected with the test piece 10, the adjusting bracket fixing seat 1322 is fixedly connected with the flat plate 131, and the height of the test piece connecting plate 1321 can be adjusted in a certain range by arranging the lifting adjusting device 1323, so that the connecting plate 1321 is reliably contacted with the test piece 10, and a supporting effect is achieved. The truss 140 is composed of five horizontal support tubes and a plurality of groups of inclined support tubes, and is used for connecting the adapter frame 110 and the center frame 120, and simultaneously bearing deformation caused by horizontal and lateral forces, so as to ensure the rigidity of the movable frame.
Preferably, along the length direction of the horizontal base 211, the distance between the 2 parallel T-shaped grooves 215,2 and 215 provided on the horizontal base 211 is greater than the width of the horizontal base 212, a plurality of pressing plates 216 and adjusting sizing blocks 217 are provided in the T-shaped grooves 215, and the horizontal base 212 is fixed on the horizontal base 211 through the plurality of pressing plates 216 and the levelness is adjusted through the plurality of adjusting sizing blocks 217.
The first gantry 231 is higher than the second gantry 232.
Preferably, the flat plate 131 is provided with a bracket connection hole for connection with the test piece 10 and ensuring coaxiality of the test piece 10.
Preferably, the number of the adjusting brackets 132 is 2, and the adjusting brackets are arranged along the axial direction of the test piece 10, so as to further improve the coaxiality of the test piece 10.
The method for determining the error by using the six-component force test stand comprises the following steps:
s1), applying vector thrust;
fixing the mounting seat on the fixed frame according to a preset position, enabling the vector force provided by the steel wire rope to coincide with the direction of the preset vector thrust, generating axial displacement by the vector force loading cylinder, changing the direction of the acting force through fixed pulley transmission so as to apply the vector force to the movable frame, measuring the force value of the applied vector force through the vector force loading device force measuring sensor, and enabling the vector force borne by the movable frame to be the simulated vector thrust;
s2), constructing a six-component force model;
constructing an O-XYZ rectangular coordinate system, taking the intersection point of the axis of the test piece and the vertical surface where the in-situ calibration device connected with the rear plate and the force measuring component are positioned as an origin O of the coordinate system, taking the axis of the test piece as an X axis, enabling a Y axis to cross the origin O vertically and be parallel to a horizontal plane, and enabling a Z axis to cross the origin O vertically and be parallel to the vertical surface; the tensile force of the force measuring assembly is regulated to be positive, and the compressive force is regulated to be negative;
s3) according to the six-component force model, calculating the magnitude, the eccentric angle and the eccentric distance of the vector thrust of the test piece through a space force system balance equation set; the system of spatial force system balance equations is:
wherein: f1 and F2 are respectively force measuring values of 2 force measuring components connecting the bottom of the center frame and the horizontal substrate, and the unit is N; f3 is a force measurement value of a force measurement assembly for connecting one side surface of the center frame with one upright post of the second portal frame, and the unit is N; f4 is a force measurement value of a force measurement assembly for connecting the bottom of the rear plate with the horizontal base plate, and the unit is N; f5 is a force measurement value of a force measurement assembly of one upright post for connecting one side surface of the rear plate with the first portal frame, and the unit is N; f6 is a force measurement value of a force measurement assembly for connecting the center sleeve on the adapter frame and the force bearing seat, and the unit is N;
p is the magnitude of vector thrust, and the unit is N;
px, py and Pz are components of vector thrust in the directions of three coordinates of X, Y, Z respectively, and the unit of the number value is N;
mx, my and Mz are components of the resultant moment in X, Y, Z coordinate directions respectively, the unit of the quantity value is N.m, and the positive direction is determined according to the right-hand spiral rule;
w is the gravity of the test piece, the unit is N, and the unit is a known value;
lm is the horizontal distance between the center of gravity of the test piece and the vertical surface where all in-situ calibration devices and force measuring assemblies connected with the rear plate are located, and the unit is m, which is a known value;
l is the distance between the vertical surface of all the in-situ calibration devices and the force measuring assemblies connected with the rear plate and the vertical surface of all the in-situ calibration devices and the force measuring assemblies connected with the center frame, and the unit is m, which is a known value;
r is half of the horizontal distance between the bottom of the center frame and 2 force measuring components of the horizontal base plate on the vertical surface where all the in-situ calibration devices and the force measuring components connected with the center frame are positioned, and the unit is m, which is a known value;
yp and zp are coordinates of an intersection point of a vertical plane where the vector thrust passes through the center of gravity of the test piece in a Y axis and a Z axis respectively, and the numerical unit is m;
ρ is the eccentricity of the vector thrust;
gamma is the eccentric angle of the vector thrust;
s4), determining errors of the test stand through the vector thrust determined in the step S3 and the vector thrust applied in the step S1.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The six-component force test bed is characterized by comprising a six-component force test bed and a vector force loading device, wherein the six-component force test bed comprises a movable frame, a fixed frame, a force measuring assembly and an in-situ calibration device; the measuring assembly and the in-situ calibration device are multiple, the movable frame is connected with the fixed frame through the plurality of measuring assemblies and the in-situ calibration device, and the vector force loading device is fixed on the fixed frame and connected with the movable frame;
the vector force loading device comprises a mounting seat, a vector force loading cylinder, a fixed pulley, a vector force loading device force transducer and a steel wire rope; the mounting seat is fixed on the fixed frame, the vector force loading cylinder and the fixed pulley are fixed on the mounting seat, one end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the movable frame, the other end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the vector force loading cylinder, the steel wire rope bypasses the fixed pulley, and the force transducer is arranged on the steel wire rope;
the movable frame comprises a switching frame, a center frame, a reinforcing plate and a truss, wherein the center frame comprises an upper cover, a lower body and an adjusting wheel; the upper cover is fixedly connected with the lower body, the number of the adjusting wheels is 4, and the 4 adjusting wheels are symmetrically arranged in the same plane relative to the axial direction of the test piece;
the reinforcing plate comprises a flat plate and adjusting brackets, wherein the adjusting brackets are fixed on the flat plate, the number of the reinforcing plates is 2, the reinforcing plates are symmetrically connected with the test piece from top to bottom, and the adjusting brackets comprise test piece connecting plates, lifting adjusting devices and adjusting bracket fixing seats; and two ends of the lifting adjusting device are respectively connected with the test piece connecting plate and the adjusting bracket fixing seat.
2. The six component test stand of claim 1, wherein: the connecting frame, the truss and the center frame are sequentially and fixedly connected along the axial direction of the test piece, and the reinforcing plate is arranged on the test piece; the transfer frame comprises a front plate, a bearing pipe and a rear plate which are fixedly connected in sequence, the rear plate is connected with the truss, and a center sleeve is fixed on the front plate;
the fixed frame comprises a horizontal foundation part, a bearing part and a mounting part; the horizontal foundation part comprises a horizontal base, a horizontal substrate, a first supporting seat and a second supporting seat; the horizontal base plate is fixed on the horizontal base, the first supporting seats and the second supporting seats are fixed on the horizontal base, the number of the first supporting seats is 2, the first supporting seats are symmetrically arranged relative to the length direction of the horizontal base plate, the number of the second supporting seats is 2, and the second supporting seats are symmetrically arranged relative to the length direction of the horizontal base plate; the bearing part comprises a bearing wall, a bearing frame, a bearing seat mounting seat and a bearing seat; the bearing wall is fixedly connected with one end of the horizontal base, one end of the bearing seat mounting seat is fixedly connected with the horizontal base plate, the other end of the bearing seat is fixedly connected with the bearing seat, one end of the bearing frame is fixedly connected with the bearing wall, and the other end of the bearing frame is fixedly connected with the bearing seat; the mounting part comprises a first portal frame and a second portal frame, the first portal frame is fixedly connected with the first supporting seat, and the second portal frame is fixedly connected with the second supporting seat; along the length direction of the horizontal base, a bearing wall, a bearing frame, a bearing seat, a first portal frame and a second portal frame are sequentially arranged;
the force measuring assembly and the in-situ calibration device are multiple; the center sleeve on the adapter bracket is connected with the bearing seat through a force measuring assembly; the top of the rear plate is connected with a beam of the first portal frame through an in-situ calibration device, one side surface of the rear plate is connected with one upright post of the first portal frame through a force measuring assembly, and the other side surface of the rear plate is connected with the other upright post of the first portal frame through an in-situ calibration device; the bottom of the rear plate is connected with the horizontal base plate through a force measuring assembly, and all in-situ calibration devices and force measuring assemblies connected with the rear plate are arranged on a vertical surface;
one side surface of the center frame is connected with one upright post of the second portal frame through one force measuring component, the other side surface of the center frame is connected with the other upright post of the second portal frame through one in-situ calibration device, the bottom of the center frame is connected with the horizontal substrate through 2 force measuring components and 1 in-situ calibration device, the 2 force measuring components connected with the bottom of the center frame and the horizontal substrate are positioned on two sides of the in-situ calibration device connected with the bottom of the center frame and the horizontal substrate, and all in-situ calibration devices and force measuring components connected with the center frame are arranged on one vertical surface.
3. The six-component test stand of claim 2, wherein: the first section one end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the vector force loading cylinder, the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with one end of the vector force loading device force transducer, one end of the second section of the steel wire rope is fixed on the movable frame, the other end of the second section of the steel wire rope is connected with the other end of the vector force loading device force transducer, and the first section of the steel wire rope bypasses the fixed pulley.
4. The six-component test stand of claim 2, wherein: the force measuring assembly comprises a first connecting plate, a first universal flexible piece, a force measuring sensor, a second universal flexible piece and a second connecting plate which are sequentially connected.
5. The six-component test stand of claim 2, wherein: the in-situ calibration device comprises a hydraulic loading device, a force sensor and a calibration hydraulic cylinder which are sequentially connected.
6. The six-component test stand of claim 2, wherein: the first portal frame, the second portal frame and the bearing seat mounting seat are provided with overflow holes.
7. The six-component test stand of claim 4, wherein: the force measuring sensor of the force measuring component connected with the center sleeve on the adapter bracket and the bearing seat is a pressure sensor.
8. The six-component test stand of claim 4, wherein: the force measuring assembly connected with one side surface of the center frame and one upright post of the second portal frame and the force measuring sensor connected with one side surface of the rear plate and one upright post of the first portal frame are tension-compression bidirectional force measuring sensors.
9. The six-component test stand of claim 4, wherein: the force measuring sensor of the 2 force measuring components connected with the bottom of the center frame and the horizontal base plate and the force measuring component connected with the bottom of the rear plate and the horizontal base plate is a tension-compression bidirectional force measuring sensor.
10. A method of determining an error using the six-component test stand according to any one of claims 2 to 9, comprising the steps of: s1), applying vector thrust;
fixing the mounting seat on the fixed frame according to a preset position, enabling the vector force provided by the steel wire rope to coincide with the direction of the preset vector thrust, generating axial displacement by the vector force loading cylinder, changing the direction of the acting force through fixed pulley transmission so as to apply the vector force to the movable frame, measuring the force value of the applied vector force through the vector force loading device force measuring sensor, and enabling the vector force borne by the movable frame to be the simulated vector thrust;
s2), constructing a six-component force model;
constructing an O-XYZ rectangular coordinate system, taking the intersection point of the axis of the test piece and the vertical surface where the in-situ calibration device connected with the rear plate and the force measuring component are positioned as an origin O of the coordinate system, taking the axis of the test piece as an X axis, enabling a Y axis to cross the origin O vertically and be parallel to a horizontal plane, and enabling a Z axis to cross the origin O vertically and be parallel to the vertical surface; the tensile force of the force measuring assembly is regulated to be positive, and the compressive force is regulated to be negative;
s3) according to the six-component force model, calculating the magnitude, the eccentric angle and the eccentric distance of the vector thrust of the test piece through a space force system balance equation set; the system of spatial force system balance equations is:
wherein: f1 and F2 are respectively force measuring values of 2 force measuring components connecting the bottom of the center frame and the horizontal substrate, and the unit is N; f3 is a force measurement value of a force measurement assembly for connecting one side surface of the center frame with one upright post of the second portal frame, and the unit is N; f4 is a force measurement value of a force measurement assembly for connecting the bottom of the rear plate with the horizontal base plate, and the unit is N; f5 is a force measurement value of a force measurement assembly of one upright post for connecting one side surface of the rear plate with the first portal frame, and the unit is N; f6 is a force measurement value of a force measurement assembly for connecting the center sleeve on the adapter frame and the force bearing seat, and the unit is N;
p is the magnitude of vector thrust, and the unit is N;
px, py and Pz are components of vector thrust in the directions of three coordinates of X, Y, Z respectively, and the unit of the number value is N;
mx, my and Mz are components of the resultant moment in X, Y, Z coordinate directions respectively, the unit of the quantity value is N.m, and the positive direction is determined according to the right-hand spiral rule;
w is the gravity of the test piece, the unit is N, and the unit is a known value;
lm is the horizontal distance between the center of gravity of the test piece and the vertical surface where all in-situ calibration devices and force measuring assemblies connected with the rear plate are located, and the unit is m, which is a known value;
l is the distance between the vertical surface of all the in-situ calibration devices and the force measuring assemblies connected with the rear plate and the vertical surface of all the in-situ calibration devices and the force measuring assemblies connected with the center frame, and the unit is m, which is a known value;
r is half of the horizontal distance between the bottom of the center frame and 2 force measuring components of the horizontal base plate on the vertical surface where all the in-situ calibration devices and the force measuring components connected with the center frame are positioned, and the unit is m, which is a known value;
yp and zp are coordinates of an intersection point of a vertical plane where the vector thrust passes through the center of gravity of the test piece in a Y axis and a Z axis respectively, and the numerical unit is m;
ρ is the eccentricity of the vector thrust;
gamma is the eccentric angle of the vector thrust;
s4), determining errors of the test stand through the vector thrust determined in the step S3 and the vector thrust applied in the step S1.
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| CN111623920B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-09-10 | 西安航天动力试验技术研究所 | Lateral force calibration tool and calibration method for rocket engine three-dimensional force measurement device |
| CN113029415A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-25 | 北京灵动飞天动力科技有限公司 | Non-interference multi-component solid rocket engine thrust measurement system and installation measurement method |
| CN114509271A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-17 | 北京航天益森风洞工程技术有限公司 | Engine thrust measuring rack and thrust measuring method |
| CN114636559B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2024-01-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Radial thrust collection mechanism, thrust vector measurement device and method |
| CN114858334B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2023-07-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Rocket engine thrust vector measurement device and thrust vector measurement method |
| CN114777977B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2023-09-22 | 浙江蓝箭航天空间科技有限公司 | Counterforce measuring system and method for pipeline interface connected with rocket connector |
| CN114923617B (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-25 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | Engine lift force measuring device |
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