CN111006961A - Accurate adjusting device of testing machine axiality and testing machine - Google Patents
Accurate adjusting device of testing machine axiality and testing machine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for accurately adjusting the coaxiality of a testing machine, which is arranged between a beam and a chuck of the testing machine and at least comprises a matrix, a spherical adjusting pad and a plane adjusting pad; the mother body is a frame structure of the coaxiality precision adjusting device, the outer frame is a circular structure, a circular block is arranged in the circular structure and divides the mother body into an upper concave part and a lower concave part, the spherical adjusting pad is installed in the upper concave part, the planar adjusting pad is installed in the lower concave part, and the top block structures are also installed in the upper concave part and the lower concave part and fixed with the mother body through an adjusting screw. The beneficial effects are as follows: the adjusting device can adjust the dislocation of the loading chain of the testing machine in all directions and the dislocation of the angle direction, can accurately adjust six degrees of freedom of the loading chain, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in installation, few installation parts and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material and structure tests, in particular to a coaxiality accurate adjusting device of a material testing machine and the testing machine with the same.
Background
The tester is a precise testing instrument for measuring physical and mechanical properties of materials or products under various conditions and environments, such as strength and fatigue life of metal materials, non-metal materials, mechanical parts, engineering structures and the like. The coaxiality of the testing machine has great influence on the testing result, and mainly generates extra additional bending moment or shearing load when axial loading or torque loading is carried out, so that the testing opportunity which cannot meet the requirement of the test on the coaxiality can generate great deviation on the testing result, and particularly has great influence on the testing result which is sensitive to the coaxiality requirement, such as a high-strength alloy material, a carbon fiber composite material, a ceramic matrix composite material, a high-temperature test and the like.
The testing structure of the existing testing machine is indispensable and provided with an upper chuck and a lower chuck for clamping a testing material or structure, wherein the coaxiality of the upper chuck and the lower chuck is a determining factor of the coaxiality of the testing machine, a common testing machine is taken as an example, the upper chuck of the common testing machine is connected with a movable cross beam of the testing machine, a device for fastening the upper chuck is similar to a structure of a super nut and is shown in figure 1 (any upper chuck 10 or lower chuck 11 is taken as an example in figure 1), the device consists of a plane bearing disc 12, a plane tensile nut 13 and a plurality of (usually eight) high-strength tensile screws 14, and ten left and right parts are taken as a fastening structure; the lower chuck is generally connected to the fixed cross beam, and the coaxiality of the axes of the upper chuck and the lower chuck can hardly meet the requirement of a test sensitive to the coaxiality due to the inevitable gap and the assembled size chain manufactured by machining.
Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, those skilled in the art are dedicated to research on a device for adjusting the coaxiality precision of a testing machine to solve the problem of coaxiality of the testing machine.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a device for accurately adjusting the coaxiality of a testing machine, so as to solve the defects in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a kind of tester axiality accurate adjustment device, this adjusting device is installed between crossbeam and chuck of the tester, carry on the axiality adjustment of two chucks of the tester, include a matrix and a sphere adjusting pad and a level adjusting pad at least; the parent body is of a frame structure of the coaxiality precision adjusting device, the outer frame is of a circular structure, and a circular block is arranged in the parent body to divide the parent body into an upper concave part and a lower concave part so that the side section of the parent body is of an H-shaped structure; one side surface of the round block, which is positioned on the upper concave part, is of a spherical surface structure, and one side surface of the round block, which is positioned on the lower concave part, is of a plane structure; the spherical adjusting pad is arranged in the upper concave part, and is of a hexahedral structure with one spherical surface structure, the other planar structure and the other four side surfaces of the hexahedral structure; one side of the spherical surface structure is attached to the spherical surface structure of the round block, and the plane structure opposite to the spherical surface structure is attached to the connecting component at the cross beam; the plane adjusting pad is arranged in the lower concave part, the plane adjusting pad is of a hexahedral structure with two parallel plane structures, and the other four side surfaces are of plane structures; any plane structure in the two parallel plane structures is attached to the plane structure of the circular block, and the other plane structure is attached to the connecting part of the chuck or the force sensor of the testing machine.
The upper concave part and the lower concave part are also internally provided with a top block structure, and the top block structure is positioned between the inner edge of the parent body and the four side surfaces of the spherical adjusting pad and/or the four side surfaces of the plane adjusting pad and is fixed with the parent body through an adjusting screw; one end of the top block structure is provided with a spherical boss which is arranged close to the four side surfaces of the spherical adjusting pad and the plane adjusting pad so as to adjust the movement of the spherical adjusting pad and the plane adjusting pad.
Furthermore, the annular edge of the parent body is also provided with adjusting holes, and the adjusting holes are arranged corresponding to four side surfaces of the spherical adjusting pad and the plane adjusting pad and are parallel to the spherical adjusting pad and the plane adjusting pad; and the adjusting screw is arranged in the adjusting hole.
Furthermore, one end of the adjusting screw is located inside the top block structure, and the other end of the adjusting screw protrudes out of the annular edge of the matrix, so that the top block structure can be adjusted conveniently, and the moving directions of the spherical adjusting pad and the plane adjusting pad can be adjusted.
Furthermore, one end, located inside the ejector block structure, of the adjusting screw is provided with a groove, a cylindrical pin is clamped in the groove, and the cylindrical pin is perpendicular to the groove.
Furthermore, a through hole is formed in the top block structure, one end of the cylindrical pin is arranged in the through hole, and the top block structure and the adjusting screw are guaranteed to move synchronously.
Furthermore, the parent is further provided with threaded holes parallel to the adjusting holes, the threaded holes are distributed on two sides of each adjusting hole, a pin is arranged in each threaded hole, one end of each pin is immersed in the ejector block structure, so that the moving direction of the ejector block structure is consistent with the direction of the adjusting screw, and the moving direction of the ejector block structure is perpendicular to four side faces close to the ejector block boss structure.
Furthermore, a guide sleeve is installed in the threaded hole of the parent body in a tight fit mode, and the inner hole of the guide sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the pin in a press fit mode.
Furthermore, the ejector block structures have at least eight structures, every two of the ejector block structures are parallel to each other, and every four ejector block structures are located on the same plane.
Furthermore, the size of the outer frame of the spherical adjusting pad is the same as that of the outer frame of the plane adjusting pad.
Further, the middle of the circular block in the parent body is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the coaxiality precision adjusting device on the cross beam of the testing machine.
The coaxiality precision adjusting device at least comprises an installation device, wherein the installation device at least comprises a concave spherical bearing disc and a convex spherical tensile nut, the concave spherical bearing disc is of a disc-shaped structure with a concave spherical surface and a bottom plane, and the convex spherical tensile nut is of a hexagonal nut structure with a convex spherical surface, wherein the concave spherical surface of the concave spherical bearing disc is attached to the convex spherical surface of the convex spherical tensile nut to form an integral structure; the mounting device is arranged on the other side of the cross beam of the testing machine and is fastened with the mounting hole of the adjusting device through a threaded rod.
Based on the coaxiality precision adjusting device, the invention also provides a testing machine, the main part of the testing machine is the same as that of the traditional testing machine, and the chuck device of the testing machine is provided with the coaxiality precision adjusting device.
Through implementing above-mentioned accurate adjusting device of axiality and testing machine, have following beneficial effect:
according to the scheme, the spherical adjusting pad and the plane adjusting pad are arranged up and down, and the ejector block structure is arranged between the adjusting pad and the matrix in the horizontal direction, so that the dislocation adjustment of the loading chain of the testing machine in the front, back, left and right directions and the angle direction can be realized; the cylindrical pin, the pin structure and the adjusting screw are arranged on the top block structure and the parent body to guarantee synchronous movement of the components, so that accurate adjustment of six degrees of freedom of the loading chain can be realized; the mounting device has the advantages of simple structure, few parts, convenience in mounting and low cost.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a chuck in the background art of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a precise coaxiality adjustment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a precise coaxiality adjustment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the coaxiality accuracy adjusting device installed by a tensile screw and tensile nut type fastening device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a precise coaxiality adjusting device fastened by a concave-convex spherical structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a clamping head clamping centering test piece according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of an adjusting structure of a coaxiality fine adjustment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
10. an upper chuck; 100. an upper chuck connecting rod; 11. a lower chuck; 12. a planar pressure bearing disc; 13. a flat tensile nut; 14. a high strength tensile screw; 15. an upper cross beam; 16. a cushion cover; 17. a pull rod; 18. a force sensor; 19, locking a ring;
2. an adjustment device; 20. a parent body; 200. an adjusting screw; 201. adjusting a screw I; 202. an adjusting screw II; 203. adjusting screws III; 204. an adjusting screw IV; 205. a circular block; 206. a pin; 207. a guide sleeve; 208. mounting holes; 21. a spherical surface adjusting pad; 22. a planar adjustment pad; 23. a top block structure; 230. a boss; 231. a groove; 232. a cylindrical pin; 24. the concave spherical surface bears pressure; 25. a convex spherical surface tensile nut;
3. a test bar; 30. a first strain gauge; 31. a second strain gauge; 32. a strain gauge III; 33. a strain gauge IV; 34. a strain gauge five; 35. and a sixth strain gauge.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The structure of the coaxiality fine adjustment apparatus will be described below by way of example with reference to fig. 2 to 7.
Referring to fig. 2-7, a device 2 for accurately adjusting the coaxiality of a testing machine and a testing structure thereof are shown, in two objects (in the application of the testing machine, generally, two-end clamps for clamping a test object, in this embodiment, the most common hydraulic chuck is taken as an example), where the adjusting device 2 generally adjusts the axial center of the end chuck (referred to as "adjusting end", in this embodiment, an upper chuck 10) at one end having a through hole, and the other end chuck (generally, one end connected with an actuator, which should ensure the best possible axial center position accuracy through machining accuracy) is taken as a reference (referred to as "reference end", in this embodiment, a lower chuck 11), and the coaxiality of the axial center d of the two-end chucks can be detected through centering or otherwise testing the test object through the coaxiality testing object. The installation position of the adjusting device 2 in this embodiment is explained by taking the structure of the upper beam 15 of the testing machine as an example.
The adjusting device 2 shown in fig. 2-3 comprises a base body 20, a spherical adjusting pad 21 and a planar adjusting pad 22; the parent body 20 is a frame structure of the coaxiality precision adjusting device 2, the outer frame is a circular structure, a circular block 205 is arranged inside the parent body to divide the parent body 20 into an upper concave part and a lower concave part, and the side section of the parent body 20 is in an H-shaped structure; one side surface of the round block 205 positioned in the upper concave part is of a spherical surface structure, and one side surface positioned in the lower concave part is of a plane structure; the spherical surface adjusting pad 21 is installed in the upper concave part, the spherical surface adjusting pad 21 is a hexahedron structure with one surface being a spherical surface structure, the other surface being a plane structure, and the other four side surfaces being plane structures; one side of the spherical surface structure is attached to the spherical surface structure of the circular block 205, and the plane structure opposite to the spherical surface structure is attached to the connecting component at the cross beam; the plane adjusting pad 22 is installed in the lower concave part, the plane adjusting pad 22 is a hexahedral structure with two parallel plane structures, and the other four sides are plane structures; any one of the two parallel plane structures is attached to the plane structure of the circular block 205, the other plane structure is attached to the connecting part at the chuck of the testing machine, the size of the outer frames of the spherical adjusting pad 21 and the plane adjusting pad 22 is the same, and movable spaces are reserved between the outer frames of the spherical adjusting pad 21 and the plane adjusting pad 22 and the inner edge of the matrix 20.
The upper concave part and the lower concave part are also internally provided with ejector block structures 23, the ejector block structures 23 have at least eight structures, every two ejector block structures are parallel, and every four ejector block structures 23 are positioned on the same plane; the top block structure 23 is located between the inner edge of the mother body 20 and the four sides of the spherical adjusting pad 21 and/or the four sides of the plane adjusting pad 22, and is fixed with the mother body 20 through an adjusting screw 200; one end of the top block structure 23 has a spherical boss 230, and the spherical boss 230 is disposed adjacent to four sides of the spherical adjustment pad 21 and the planar adjustment pad 22 to adjust the movement of the spherical adjustment pad 21 and the planar adjustment pad 22.
The annular edge of the mother body 20 is also provided with adjusting holes which are arranged corresponding to the four side surfaces of the spherical adjusting pad 21 and the plane adjusting pad 22 and are parallel to the spherical adjusting pad 21 and the plane adjusting pad 22; adjusting screws 200 are installed in the adjusting holes (fig. 6 shows four adjusting screws 200, namely an adjusting screw I201, an adjusting screw II202, an adjusting screw III203 and an adjusting screw IV204, wherein the adjusting screw I201 and the adjusting screw III203 are located on the same side, the adjusting screw II202 and the adjusting screw IV204 are located on the same side, the adjusting screw I201 and the adjusting screw II202 are located on the same plane, the adjusting screw III203 and the adjusting screw IV204 are located on the same plane, and the other four adjusting screws 200 correspond to the four screw positions and are not shown in the drawing); one end of the adjusting screw 200 is located inside the top block structure 23, and the other end protrudes out of the annular edge of the mother body 20, so as to adjust the top block structure 23, and further adjust the moving direction of the spherical adjusting pad 21 and the planar adjusting pad 22; one end of the adjusting screw, which is located inside the top block structure 23, is provided with a groove 231, a cylindrical pin 232 is clamped in the groove 231, and the cylindrical pin 232 is perpendicular to the groove 231.
Be provided with the through-hole on the kicking block structure 23, the one end setting of cylindric lock 232 is in the through-hole, ensures kicking block structure 23 and adjusting screw 200 synchronous motion.
Threaded holes parallel to the adjusting holes are further formed in the parent body 20, the threaded holes are distributed on two sides of each adjusting hole, a pin 206 is arranged in each threaded hole, one end of each pin 206 is immersed into the ejector block structure 23, so that the moving direction of the ejector block structure 23 is consistent with the direction of the adjusting screw 200, and the moving direction of each pin is perpendicular to four side faces close to the structure of the ejector block boss 230; a guide sleeve 207 is arranged in the threaded hole of the parent body 20 in a tight fit mode, and the inner hole of the guide sleeve 207 is sleeved on the outer side of the pin 206 in a movable fit mode.
The circular block 205 in the parent body 20 has a mounting hole 208 in the middle for mounting the coaxiality accuracy adjusting device 2 on the cross beam of the testing machine.
The coaxiality precision adjusting device 2 shown in fig. 4 can be fastened by using a conventional mounting device as shown in fig. 1, the conventional mounting device comprises a plane pressure bearing disc 12, a plane tensile nut 13 and a plurality of (usually eight) high-strength tensile screws 14, the coaxiality precision adjusting device 2 is mounted above an upper cross beam 15 of the testing machine through the mounting device, the plane pressure bearing disc 12 is arranged close to the upper cross beam 15, and the plane pressure bearing disc 12 and the plane tensile nut 13 are sleeved on the upper end of a pull rod 17 of the upper cross beam 15 of the testing machine for fastening and mounting.
As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 7, the coaxiality accuracy adjusting apparatus 2 further includes another mounting apparatus, the mounting apparatus at least includes a concave spherical bearing disc 24 and a convex spherical tensile nut 25, the concave spherical bearing disc 24 is a disc-shaped structure having a concave spherical surface and a bottom plane, the convex spherical tensile nut 25 has a hexagonal nut structure having a convex spherical surface, wherein the concave spherical surface of the concave spherical bearing disc 24 is attached to the convex spherical surface of the convex spherical tensile nut 25 to form an integral structure; the mounting device is arranged on the other side of the upper cross beam 15 of the testing machine and is fastened with the mounting hole 208 of the adjusting device through a pull rod 17.
As shown in fig. 7, the adjusting device is installed between the upper cross beam 15 and the upper chuck 10 of the testing machine through the installation device to adjust the coaxiality of the two chucks of the testing machine, an installation groove is arranged above the upper cross beam 15, the installation device is arranged on the installation groove, a cushion cover 16 is movably installed below the upper cross beam 15 in a matching manner, the cushion cover 16 is arranged opposite to the installation groove, a pull rod 17 is arranged on the upper cross beam 15, both ends of the pull rod 17 are provided with threads, the upper end of the pull rod 17 passes through the installation groove to be connected with a convex spherical tensile nut 25 of the installation device, the lower end passes through the upper cross beam 15 and an installation hole 208 of a parent body 20 of the adjusting device 2 to be connected with a force sensor 18 (which can also test other component structures) of the testing machine, an, a locking ring 19 is arranged between the upper chuck connecting rod 100 and the upper chuck 10 to ensure that the upper chuck 10 cannot be loosened from the force sensor 18 on the upper chuck 10 in a state that the upper chuck connecting rod is stretched during loading; the adjusting device 2 is positioned between the cushion cover 16 and the force sensor 18 (or other part structures can be tried), the plane structure of the spherical adjusting cushion 21 is attached to the cushion cover 16, and the plane structure of the plane adjusting cushion 22 is attached to the force sensor 18 (or other part structures can be tried).
In this embodiment, the tie rods 17 are sufficiently spaced from the inner bores of the female bearing disks 24, the moving beam, the cushion cover 16, the sphere adjustment pads 21, the parent body 20, and the plane adjustment pads 22 to ensure that the tie rods 17 can translate and tilt therein.
The test piece for coaxiality test described in this embodiment is a bar-type test piece (hereinafter referred to as "test bar 3" or "centering test bar 3") having strain gauges attached on four sides thereof as shown in fig. 6 and 7, and three strain gauges, one of which is located at the geometric center of the test section and two of which are respectively attached to two equidistant ends of the test section, are respectively attached to four sides of the test section of the test bar 3 at intervals of 90 ︒, thereby totaling twelve strain gauges.
The coaxial deviation of the axes of the upper chuck 11 and the lower chuck 11 is divided into two types of plane deviation (or parallel deviation) and angle deviation, and the amplitude and the type of the deviation can be obtained by analyzing and calculating strain values of twelve strain gauges.
The test is carried out by first applying a suitable load F (typically 10% of the nominal load) to the test bar 3, the load being such as to ensure that the stresses induced in the test bar 3 by F leave a sufficient margin from the yield limit to prevent yielding of the test bar 3, the strain induced in the test bar 3 by F being εf。
Taking the parallel offset as an example, assuming that the upper chuck 10 is offset parallel to the left as shown in FIG. 6, the test stick 3 will generate an "S" shape, and the strain on the strain gauge due to the parallel offset is divided into the following values:
the strain gauge one 30: epsilonp1<0 (in a compressed state), superimposed by εfStrain value ε1=εf+εp1
And a second strain gauge 31: epsilonp2=0 (theoretical), superimposed by εfTheoretical strain value ε2≈εf
Strain gauge three 32: epsilonp3>0 (in tension), superimposed by εfStrain value ε3=εf+εp3
Strain gauge four 33: epsilonp4>0 (in tension), superimposed by εfStrain value ε4=εf+εp4
Strain gauge five 34: epsilonp5=0 (theoretical), superimposed by εfStrain value ε5≈εf
Strain gauge six 35: epsilonp6<0 (in a compressed state), superimposed by εfStrain value ε6=εf+εp6
Because of ep1<0, so if εfI1>I epsilonp1I is e1>0, | εfI1<I epsilonp1I is e1<0
Because of ep6<0, so if εfI1>I epsilonp6I is e6>0, | εfI1<I epsilonp6I is e6<0
Although the state of the parallel displacement cannot be directly observed only in the sign of the strain gauge reading, the displacement is caused by epsilonf>0, so that when a parallel offset occurs, ∈3>ε1，ε4>ε6，ε2≈0，ε50 (possibly producing minute readings due to accuracy). This makes it possible to determine the parallel offset from a comparison of the strain values of the respective gauges.
At this time, the adjustment screw IV204 should be twisted clockwise, the adjustment screw III203 should be twisted counterclockwise to move the flat adjustment pad 22 to the right, and due to the friction force F7> F6+ F3, the flat adjustment pad 22 drives the upper chuck 10 to move parallel to the right, so as to reduce the offset and adjust the coaxiality of the axes of the upper and lower chucks 11 to within the parallel offset allowable range.
Taking the angular offset as an example, assuming that the upper chuck 10 is angularly offset clockwise to the right as shown in fig. 6, the test bar 3 will generate a "C" shape deformation, and the strain values of the strain gauges due to the angular offset are as follows:
the strain gauge one 30: epsilonp1<0 (in a compressed state), superimposed by εfStrain value ε1=εf+εp1
And a second strain gauge 31: epsilonp2<0 (in a compressed state), superimposed by εfStrain value ε2=εf+εp2
Strain gauge three 32: epsilonp3<0 (in a compressed state), superimposed by εfStrain value ε3=εf+εp3
Strain gauge four 33: epsilonp4>0 (in tension), superimposed by εfStrain value ε4=εf+εp4
Strain gauge five 34: epsilonp5>0 (in tension), superimposed by εfStrain value ε5=εf+εp5
Strain gauge six 35: epsilonp6>0 (in tension), superimposed by εfStrain value ε6=εf+εp6
Because of ep1<0, so if εfI1>I epsilonp1I is e1>0, | εfI1<I epsilonp1I is e1<0
Because of ep2<0, so if εfI1>I epsilonp2I is e2>0, | εfI1<I epsilonp2I is e2<0
Because of ep3<0, so if εfI1>I epsilonp3I is e3>0, | εfI1<I epsilonp3I is e3<0
Although angular offset cannot be directly determined from the sign of the strain gauge reading alone, it is because of εf>0, so that when an angular offset occurs, ε4，ε5，ε6>ε1，ε2，ε3. This allows angular displacement to be determined from a comparison of strain values of the strain gauges on the left and right sides.
At this time, the adjusting screw I201 should be turned counterclockwise, and the adjusting screw II202 should be turned clockwise to turn the adjusting device 2 body 20 counterclockwise, so as to drive the connecting chain including the convex spherical surface tension nut 25, the pull rod 17, the body 20, the planar adjusting pad 22, the force sensor 18, the upper chuck connecting rod 100, the locking ring 19, and the upper chuck 10 to turn counterclockwise, thereby reducing the angle deviation to adjust the coaxiality of the axes of the upper and lower chucks 11 until the angle deviation is within the allowable range.
It should be noted that the test piece for coaxiality test may be in a flat plate shape, the mounting surfaces of the strain gauges may be two surfaces and four surfaces each, the number of the strain gauges mounted on the cylindrical test rod 3 may be not four, but may also be three, nine strain gauges are mounted on each surface, each strain gauge has a specific label, in order to correctly distinguish the strain amount of each strain gauge and determine the state of coaxiality, the surface marked with "a" must be placed at a correct position to avoid confusion when the test rod 3 is mounted, and the type and amplitude of the axis offset can be calculated according to the strain of elastic deformation of the test piece for coaxiality test no matter the shape of the test piece and the number of the strain gauges. In practical application, plane offset and angle offset generally exist simultaneously, so strain values of the strain gauges are superposition of different forms of axial center offset, and calculation and judgment can be carried out by using special computer-aided calculation software.
It is noted that seven pairs of friction pairs generate seven frictional forces or moments during adjustment in the configuration shown in fig. 7:
friction force F1: friction between the convex spherical tensile nut 25 and the thread pair of the pull rod 17;
friction force F2: the friction between the convex spherical surface of the convex spherical surface tensile nut 25 and the concave spherical surface of the concave spherical surface pressure bearing disc 24;
friction force F3: the friction between the concave spherical bearing disc 24 and the moving beam;
friction force F4: the friction between the cushion cover 16 and the spherical adjusting cushion 21 of the adjusting device 2;
friction force F5: the friction force between the plane of the spherical adjusting pad 21 and the parent body 20 of the adjusting device 2 is adjusted;
friction force F6: the friction force between the plane of the adjusting pad 22 and the parent body 20 is adjusted by the adjusting device 2;
friction force F7: the friction between the plane of the device 2 and the force sensor 18 is adjusted.
In order for the adjusting device 2 to effectively adjust the coaxiality, F7> F6+ F3 is required. To satisfy this condition while smoothing the adjustment, grease should be added between the following friction pairs during installation:
1) between the tie rod 17 and the thread of the convex spherical tensile nut 25;
2) the convex spherical surface of the convex spherical surface tensile nut 25 is positioned between the convex spherical surface and the concave spherical surface of the concave spherical surface bearing disc 24;
3) between the concave spherical bearing disc 24 plane and the moving beam facing surface;
4) the spherical surface of the spherical surface adjusting pad 21 of the adjusting device 2 is attached to the attaching plane of the circular block 205 of the parent body 20;
5) the adjusting device 2 is arranged between the plane of the adjusting pad 22 and the fitting plane of the circular block 205 of the parent body 20.
During installation, the following friction pairs must be cleaned of grease and impurities to ensure cleanness so as to ensure the required friction force:
1) the cushion cover 16 and the spherical adjusting cushion 21 plane of the adjusting device 2;
2) the adjustment device 2 is positioned in a plane between the pad 22 and the plane of the force sensor 18.
It should be added that, unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like as used in the description and claims of the present patent application are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "end", "side", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationships are changed accordingly.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any uses or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present invention is not limited to the structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The accurate adjusting device for the coaxiality of the testing machine is characterized in that the adjusting device is installed between a cross beam and a chuck of the testing machine and at least comprises a matrix, a spherical adjusting pad and a plane adjusting pad;
the parent body is of a frame structure of the coaxiality precision adjusting device, the outer frame is of a circular structure, and a circular block is arranged in the parent body to divide the parent body into an upper concave part and a lower concave part so that the side section of the parent body is of an H-shaped structure; one side surface of the round block, which is positioned on the upper concave part, is of a spherical surface structure, and one side surface of the round block, which is positioned on the lower concave part, is of a plane structure;
the spherical adjusting pad is arranged in the upper concave part, and is of a hexahedral structure with one spherical surface structure, the other planar structure and the other four side surfaces of the hexahedral structure; one side of the spherical surface structure is attached to the spherical surface structure of the round block, and the plane structure opposite to the spherical surface structure is attached to the connecting component at the cross beam;
the plane adjusting pad is arranged in the lower concave part, the plane adjusting pad is of a hexahedral structure with two parallel plane structures, and the other four side surfaces are of plane structures; any one of the two parallel plane structures is attached to the plane structure of the circular block, and the other plane structure is attached to the connecting part of the chuck or the force sensor of the testing machine;
the upper concave part and the lower concave part are also internally provided with a top block structure, and the top block structure is positioned between the inner edge of the parent body and the four side surfaces of the spherical adjusting pad and/or the four side surfaces of the plane adjusting pad and is fixed with the parent body through an adjusting screw; one end of the top block structure is provided with a spherical boss which is arranged close to the four side surfaces of the spherical adjusting pad and the plane adjusting pad so as to adjust the movement of the spherical adjusting pad and the plane adjusting pad.
2. The accurate coaxiality adjusting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the annular edge of the parent body is also provided with adjusting holes which are arranged corresponding to four side surfaces of the spherical adjusting pad and the plane adjusting pad and are parallel to the spherical adjusting pad and the plane adjusting pad; and the adjusting screw is arranged in the adjusting hole.
3. The accurate coaxiality adjusting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: one end of the adjusting screw is located in the ejector block structure, the other end of the adjusting screw protrudes out of the annular edge of the matrix, a groove is formed in one end of the adjusting screw located in the ejector block structure, a cylindrical pin is clamped in the groove, and the cylindrical pin is perpendicular to the groove.
4. The accurate coaxiality adjusting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the ejector block structure is provided with a through hole, one end of the cylindrical pin is arranged in the through hole, and the ejector block structure and the adjusting screw are guaranteed to move synchronously.
5. The accurate coaxiality adjusting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the matrix is also provided with threaded holes parallel to the adjusting holes, the threaded holes are distributed on two sides of each adjusting hole, a pin is arranged in each threaded hole, one end of each pin is immersed in the ejector block structure, so that the moving direction of the ejector block structure is consistent with the direction of the adjusting screw, and the moving direction of the ejector block structure is perpendicular to four side faces close to the ejector block boss structure.
6. The accurate coaxiality adjusting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the female screw hole of parent is according to tight fit installation uide bushing, the hole of uide bushing is according to the cooperation cover of line-up to establish the outside of pin.
7. The accurate coaxiality adjusting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the ejector block structure is at least eight, every two of the ejector block structures are parallel, and every four ejector block structures are located on the same plane.
8. The accurate coaxiality adjusting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the round block in the parent body is provided with a mounting hole in the middle.
9. The accurate coaxiality adjusting apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: the coaxiality precision adjusting device at least comprises an installation device, wherein the installation device at least comprises a concave spherical bearing disc and a convex spherical tensile nut, the concave spherical bearing disc is of a disc-shaped structure with a concave spherical surface and a bottom plane, and the convex spherical tensile nut is of a hexagonal nut structure with a convex spherical surface, wherein the concave spherical surface of the concave spherical bearing disc is attached to the convex spherical surface of the convex spherical tensile nut to form an integral structure; the mounting device is arranged on the other side of the cross beam of the testing machine and is fastened with the mounting hole of the adjusting device through a threaded rod.
10. A testing machine having a main body portion identical to a conventional testing machine, characterized in that the chuck means of the testing machine is provided with the coaxiality accuracy adjusting means according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910929107.7A CN111006961A (en) | 2019-09-28 | 2019-09-28 | Accurate adjusting device of testing machine axiality and testing machine |
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| CN201910929107.7A CN111006961A (en) | 2019-09-28 | 2019-09-28 | Accurate adjusting device of testing machine axiality and testing machine |
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| CN201910929107.7A Pending CN111006961A (en) | 2019-09-28 | 2019-09-28 | Accurate adjusting device of testing machine axiality and testing machine |
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| CN111829894A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-27 | 山东大学 | Rock-soil multi-field measurement test system and method |
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