CN111808209B - 富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖及其制备和用途 - Google Patents
富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖及其制备和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111808209B CN111808209B CN202010712837.4A CN202010712837A CN111808209B CN 111808209 B CN111808209 B CN 111808209B CN 202010712837 A CN202010712837 A CN 202010712837A CN 111808209 B CN111808209 B CN 111808209B
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- Prior art keywords
- selenium
- pleurotus citrinopileatus
- polysaccharide
- rich
- citrinopileatus mycelium
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Abstract
本发明涉及富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖的制备方法,属于生物技术领域。两种富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品,它是由深层发酵得到的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体粉碎后过筛,经热水提取,乙醇沉淀,4℃过夜,离心去上清,沉淀用乙醇洗涤三次,干燥后得富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体水提物。富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体水提物溶解于水,加入阴离子大孔树脂去色素和蛋白质。脱色液浓缩后,乙醇沉淀,离心去上清,沉淀用乙醇洗涤3次,干燥后得富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖粗品。富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖粗品经离子交换层析和凝胶过滤层析纯化后得两种富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品SPMP‑1和SPMP‑2。它们具有抗氧化活性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及两种富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖的制备方法,用于食品原料、食品添加剂和药品原料,属于生物技术领域。
背景技术
榆黄蘑(Pleurotuscitrinopileatus)属担子菌亚门,层菌纲,伞菌目,侧耳科,侧耳属,为非常珍贵的经济菌之一,药食同源。榆黄蘑富含多种营养物质和药用成分,其中多糖为其主要药用成分,具有抗氧化、免疫调节、降血压、抗炎等功效。
硒在自然界中主要以无机硒和有机硒存在,其中无机硒的安全范围很小,食用菌具有较强的富硒能力,能将无机硒转化为人体吸收和利用的有机硒,其中多糖是有机硒的主要载体之一。食用菌深层发酵具有周期短、占地少、成本低、适合工业化生产、质量可控等优点,因此在食用菌生产中具有广阔的应用前景。对食用菌进行富硒培养,从富硒菌丝体中分离得到成分均一的多糖,可以将多糖和硒的功效有机结合,开发出新的功能和用途。目前对富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖的研究还是空白。本发明通过培养富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体,解决富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖制备的技术性难题,获得两种均一的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖,可用于食品原料、食品添加剂和药品原料。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供一种从富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体中分离纯化得到富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖纯品SPMP-1的方法。
本发明所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖,该多糖为含D-葡萄吡喃环和呋喃环的多糖,具体由甘露糖、核糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖和岩藻糖以摩尔比0.01-0.02:0.002-0.006:0.002-0.006:0.002-0.006:0.0005-0.002:0.8-1.1:0.03-0.06:0.001-0.005:0.00050.002组成,有机硒含量在30-100mg/kg。
作为优选方案,富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖为含D-葡萄吡喃环和呋喃环的多糖,具体由甘露糖、核糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖和岩藻糖以摩尔比0.013:0.004:0.004:0.004:0.001:0.918:0.052:0.003:0.001组成,所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖SPMP-1的分子量大约355 740Da,有机硒含量在50-80mg/kg,命名为SPMP-1。
所述的获得富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品SPMP-1的方法,将富硒榆黄蘑干燥品粉碎过筛后加入去离子水,加热,离心取上清,将上清液浓缩,加入乙醇沉淀,真空干燥后得到本发明所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体(有机硒含量为160-200mg/kg)水提取物。将富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体水提取物溶解于去离子水中,加入大孔树脂去色素和蛋白质,将脱色液过滤,加入乙醇沉淀,将沉淀真空干燥后得到本发明所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖粗品,其多糖含量占总固体重量的60%以上。
将富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖粗品溶解于去离子水,用离子交换层析进行纯化,洗脱液为去离子水,用硫酸-蒽酮比色法跟踪检测,收集主峰,再采用凝胶过滤层析,洗脱液为去离子水,用硫酸-蒽酮比色法跟踪检测,收集主峰,真空干燥,即得到本发明所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品(SPMP-1),其多糖含量占总固体的95%以上。
所述方法中,加热提取是在水浴中加热,水浴温度在60-95℃。
所述方法中,加热提取时间为1-6小时。
所述方法中,提取所用的液固比为5-30(mL/g)。
所述方法中,大孔树脂为阴离子交换树脂。
所述方法中,大孔树脂脱色时间为0.5-4小时。
所述方法中,离子交换树脂为二乙胺基乙基纤维素(DEAE-52),或二乙胺基乙基萄聚糖凝胶(DEAE Sephadex A-25或DEAE Sephadex A-50),或二乙胺基乙基琼脂糖凝胶(DEAE Sepharose)。
所述方法中,凝胶过滤层析所用填料为Sephcryl S-200或Sephcryl S-400。
本发明的目的之二是提供一种从富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体中分离纯化得到富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖纯品SPMP-2的方法。
本发明所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖,还可以为含有吡喃环的多糖,具体由甘露糖、核糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖和岩藻糖以摩尔比0.03-0.06:0.1-0.3:0.003-0.01:0.002-0.007:0.5-0.8:0.02-0.05:0.02-0.05组成,有机硒含量在30-100mg/kg。
作为优选方案,富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖为含有吡喃环的多糖,具体由甘露糖、核糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖和岩藻糖以摩尔比0.053:0.254:0.008:0.005:0.605:0.037:0.037组成,所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖SPMP-2的分子量大约1539Da,有机硒含量在60-90mg/kg,命名为SPMP-2。
所述的获得富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品SPMP-2的方法,将富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体(有机硒含量为120-130mg/kg)干燥品粉碎过筛后加入去离子水,加热,离心取上清,将上清液浓缩,加入乙醇沉淀,真空干燥后得到本发明所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体水提取物。将富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体水提取物溶解于去离子水中,加入大孔树脂去色素和蛋白质,将脱色液过滤,加入乙醇沉淀,将沉淀真空干燥后得到本发明所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖粗品,其多糖含量占总固体重量的60%以上。
将富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖粗品溶解于去离子水,用离子交换层析进行纯化,洗脱液为NaCl溶液,用硫酸-蒽酮比色法跟踪检测,收集主峰,再采用凝胶过滤层析,洗脱液为去离子水,用硫酸-蒽酮比色法跟踪检测,收集主峰,真空干燥,即得到本发明所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品(SPMP-2),其多糖含量占总固体的95%以上。
所述方法中,加热提取是在水浴中加热,水浴温度在60-95℃。
所述方法中,加热提取时间为1-6小时。
所述方法中,提取所用的液固比为5-30(mL/g)。
所述方法中,大孔树脂为阴离子交换树脂。
所述方法中,大孔树脂脱色时间为0.5-4小时。
所述方法中,离子交换树脂为二乙胺基乙基纤维素(DEAE-52),或二乙胺基乙基萄聚糖凝胶(DEAE Sephadex A-25或DEAE Sephadex A-50),或二乙胺基乙基琼脂糖凝胶(DEAE Sepharose)。利用阴离子交换树脂纯化的原理是利用样品的带电性不同加以分离。如样品带负电就可以吸附在树脂上,带电强弱决定吸附力的大小,然后通过改变洗脱液的pH或离子强度使吸附的样品被洗脱下来,和洗脱液的极性无关。我们提取的多糖是水溶性多糖,所以不会采用乙醇、丙酮洗脱(多糖不会溶解,所以我们才会在水浸提后用乙醇醇沉得到粗多糖)。多糖在水溶液中一般带负电,所以用阴离子交换树脂纯化。粗多糖中含有不同的多糖,所以再用不同浓度的NaCl洗脱,就可以将多糖进行分离。
所述方法中,NaCl溶液为0.5-1.5mol/L的NaCl水溶液。
所述方法中,凝胶过滤层析所用填料为Sephcryl S-200或Sephcryl S-400。
附图说明
图1为富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品(SPMP-1)紫外—可见光扫描光谱。
图2为富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品(SPMP-1)红外光谱。
图3为富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品(SPMP-2)紫外—可见光扫描光谱。
图4为富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品(SPMP-2)红外光谱。
图5为富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品(SPMP-1和SPMP-2)的超氧阴离子清除能力,A为VC、B为SPMP-1、C为SPMP-2。
图6为富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品(SPMP-1和SPMP-2)的ABTS自由基清除能力,A为VC、B为SPMP-1、C为SPMP-2。
图7为富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品(SPMP-1和SPMP-2)的DPPH自由基清除能力,A为VC、B为SPMP-1、C为SPMP-2。
图8为富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品(SPMP-1和SPMP-2)的Fe2+螯合能力,A为VC、B为SPMP-1、C为SPMP-2。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,进一步说明本发明,本发明的优点和特点将会随着描述而更为清楚。但这些实例仅是范例性的,并不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。本领域技术人员应该理解的是,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下对本发明技术方案的细节和形式进行修改或替换,但这些修改和替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。说明书及实施例中采用的化学试剂、层析柱等,如无特殊说明均按常规实验条件下进行操作,或按供应商提供的说明进行操作。
实施例1:富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖粗品的制备方法
富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体,由本实验室利用摇瓶或发酵罐液体发酵所得,菌丝体产量1.2g/100mL以上,有机硒含量在大于100mg/kg菌丝体,烘干、粉碎。称取干粉100g,按液固比15:1(mL/g)加入90℃热水,90℃浸提3h,冷却至室温后3 500rpm离心15min,取上清液,残渣重复提取一次。合并两次的浸提液,浓缩至总体积的1/10,向浓缩液中缓缓加入无水乙醇,至乙醇终浓度为80%,4℃冰箱静置过夜,3 500rpm离心15min,弃上清得到富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体水提物。将水提物溶解于去离子水中,加入D301G大孔树脂去色素和蛋白质,将脱色液过滤,加入乙醇沉淀,将沉淀真空干燥后得到本发明的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体粗品。
实施例2:均一富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖SPMP-1的制备方法
取实施例1得到的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体(有机硒含量为160-200mg/kg)多糖粗品500mg,去离子水充分溶解,上样至已平衡好的DEAE Sephadex A-25离子交换层析柱中,规格为(2.6×30cm),平衡液为去离子水,用去离子水以1.5mL/min的流速洗脱,3min/管分部收集,采用硫酸-蒽酮法检测各管洗脱液中多糖含量,以收集管号为横坐标,吸光值为纵坐标绘制多糖洗脱曲线,根据洗脱曲线合并相同组分。离子交换柱分离所得富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖水洗组分上Sephacryl S-200分子筛层析,去离子水洗脱。柱规格为(1.0×100cm),分部收集,硫酸-蒽酮法跟踪检测,合并相同组分。冷冻干燥,得到富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品-1(代号:SPMP-1)。富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖为含D-葡萄吡喃环和呋喃环的多糖,具体由甘露糖、核糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖和岩藻糖以摩尔比0.013:0.004:0.004:0.004:0.001:0.918:0.052:0.003:0.001组成,所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖SPMP-1的分子量大约355 740Da,有机硒含量为63.1mg/kg。
在图1中,通过对(SPMP-1)进行紫外-可见光(200-700nm)全波长扫描,证明富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品纯度较高,基本无蛋白质、核酸和其它杂质。
在图2中:SPMP-1在3600~3200cm-1出现一种宽峰,是O-H的伸缩振动。在2926.69cm-1的峰是糖类C-H伸缩振动,1400~1200cm-1的一些峰是C-H的变角振动,这两组峰是糖类化合物的特征吸收。1638.96cm-1间的吸收是羰基C=O伸缩振动所致,在1153.84cm-1,1079.87cm-1,1022.29cm-1处有吸收峰,推测为C-O-C伸缩振动所致,932.05推测是呋喃环的对称伸缩振动造成的,在848cm-1的吸收是由α-端基碳差向异构体的C-H变振动引起的,表明SPMP-1的端基碳为α-构型,SPMP-1在761.43cm-1处的吸收是由D-葡萄吡喃环的对称环伸缩振动所引起。
实施例3:均一富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖SPMP-2的制备方法
取实施例1得到的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体(有机硒含量为120-130mg/kg)多糖粗品500mg,去离子水充分溶解,上样至已平衡好的DEAE Sephadex A-25离子交换层析柱中,规格为(2.6×30cm),平衡液为去离子水,用1mol/L的NaCl水溶液以1.5mL/min的流速洗脱,3min/管分部收集,采用硫酸-蒽酮法检测各管洗脱液中多糖含量,以收集管号为横坐标,吸光值为纵坐标绘制多糖洗脱曲线,根据洗脱曲线合并相同组分。离子交换柱分离所得富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖水洗组分上Sephacryl S-200分子筛层析,去离子水洗脱。柱规格为(1.0×100cm),分部收集,硫酸-蒽酮法跟踪检测,合并相同组分。冷冻干燥,得到富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品-2(代号:SPMP-2)。产品中,富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖为含有吡喃环的多糖,具体由甘露糖、核糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖和岩藻糖以摩尔比0.053:0.254:0.008:0.005:0.605:0.037:0.037组成,所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖SPMP-2的分子量大约1 539Da,有机硒含量为75.3mg/kg。
在图3中,通过对(SPMP-2)进行紫外-可见光(200-700nm)全波长扫描,证明富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品纯度较高,基本无蛋白质、核酸和其它杂质。
在图4中:SPMP-2在3600~3200cm-1出现一种宽峰,是O-H的伸缩振动。在3000~2800cm-1的一组峰是糖类C-H伸缩振动,1400~1200cm-1的一些峰是C-H的变角振动,这两组峰是糖类化合物的特征吸收。1665~1635cm-1间的吸收是糖水化物的吸收峰,在1407.54cm-1的吸收推测为C-O的伸缩振动所致,1078.54cm-1处的吸收峰推测为吡喃环的醚键(C-O-C)的吸收峰。
实施例4:理化性质测定
1.多糖含量测定
采用硫酸-蒽酮法,在620nm处,分光光度法测定总多糖含量,以葡萄糖(C6H12O6)计富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖粗品含量为60%,富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖(SPMP-1、SPMP-2)含量分别为99.99%和99.76%。
2.紫外光谱分析
样品以蒸馏水溶解,置于200~400nm紫外全波长扫描。如图1,图3所示,SPMP-1、SPMP-2在260、280nm处无吸收,说明其不含蛋白质和核酸。
3.单糖组成分析
分别称取SPMP-1、SPMP-2干粉2mg,加入1mL 2mol/L三氟乙酸水解90min,旋转蒸发仪蒸干,再加入2mL甲醇,蒸干,按此方法反复处理2次。用2mL双蒸水将已水解的残基溶解,向其中加入60mg硼氢化钠还原8h,然后加入冰乙酸中和过量的硼氢化钠,浓缩,加入甲醇3mL以除去水分和反应副产物硼酸,反复处理3次,浓缩,110℃烘干以充分除去水分。向以上干燥样品中加入1mL乙酸酐乙酰化,100℃反应1h后冷却,向其中加入3mL甲苯,旋转蒸发仪蒸干,反复操作4~5次,以除去多余的乙酸酐。将乙酰化后的产物用3mL氯仿溶解,加入少量蒸馏水充分振荡,除去水相,重复操作4次后用无水硫酸钠干燥氯仿层,完全除去残留水相,最后定容至10mL用于GC-MS分析。结果见表1:富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖SPMP-1由甘露糖、核糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖和岩藻糖组成,摩尔比0.013:0.004:0.004:0.004:0.001:0.918:0.052:0.003:0.001;SPMP-2由甘露糖、核糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖和岩藻糖组成,摩尔比0.053:0.254:0.008:0.005:0.605:0.037:0.037。
表1富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖SPMP-1、SPMP-2单糖组成气相色谱分析
4.分子量测定
以Shodex SUGAR KS-805(8.0mm×300mm)为高效液相色谱柱,采用示差折光检测器。色谱条件为:流动相为蒸馏水,流速为1.0mL/min;样品浓度为1.5mg/mL,进样量20μL。依次以右旋糖酐标准品绘制保留时间与各分子量参数关系标准曲线,再测样品的保留时间,根据标准曲线求得样品的分子量。结果表明:富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖SPMP-1的分子量大约355 740Da;SPMP-2的分子量大约1539Da。
实施例5:体外抗氧化活性检测
1.超氧阴离子清除能力的测定
采用邻苯三酚自氧化法,在2.4mLTris—HCl溶液(pH8.2)中加入100μL不同浓度(0、0.0625mg/mL、0.125mg/mL、0.25mg/mL、0.5mg/mL、1mg/mL、2mg/mL)的Vc或不同浓度(0、0.15625mg/mL、0.3125mg/mL、0.625mg/mL、1.25mg/mL、2.5mg/mL、5mg/mL)的SPMP-1溶液,或(0、0.0625mg/mL、0.125mg/mL、0.25mg/mL、0.5mg/mL、1mg/mL)SPMP-2溶液,混合后加入300μL浓度为7mmol/L的邻苯三酚,反应4min后,加入1滴浓盐酸终止反应。以蒸馏水做参比,用石英比色皿在325nm处测定其吸光值,重复三次,结果以超氧阴离子清除率(%)P1表示:
其中A0为空白吸光度,A1为待测液吸光度。
结果见图5。Vc的超氧阴离子清除能力在0-2mg/mL浓度范围内呈线性增加,经计算Vc对超氧阴离子的半数清除浓度CC50为113.17mg/mL;SPMP-1的超氧阴离子清除能力在0-5mg/mL浓度范围内呈线性增加,CC50为2.60mg/mL;SPMP-2的超氧阴离子清除能力在0-2mg/mL浓度范围内呈线性增加,CC50为0.83mg/mL。
2.ABTS自由基清除能力的测定
取100μL不同浓度(0、6.25μg/L、12.5μg/L、25μg/L、50μg/L、100μg/L)的Vc溶液或不同浓度(0、0.046875、0.09375mg/mL、0.1875mg/mL、0.375mg/mL、0.75mg/mL、1.5mg/mL)的SPMP-1溶液或不同浓度(0、0.003125mg/mL、0.00625mg/mL、0.0125mg/mL、0.025mg/mL、0.05mg/mL、0.1mg/mL、0.2mg/mL)的SPMP-2溶液分别加入到96孔板中,再加入ABTS·+溶液300μL,混匀静置30min后,于734nm处测吸光值,以100μL蒸馏水或相对应溶液加入300μLABTS·+溶液为空白,并测定100μL样品溶液+300μL无水乙醇的吸光值。按下列公式计算清除率(P2):
其中A0为加蒸馏水的ABTS的吸光值,At为样品溶液与ABTS反应后的吸光值。
结果如图6所示。Vc的ABTS自由基清除率在0-100μg/mL浓度范围内与浓度呈线性关系,经计算Vc对ABTS自由基的半数清除浓度CC50为52.46μg/mL;SPMP-1的ABTS自由基清除能力在0-1.5mg/mL浓度范围内呈线性增加,CC50为0.84mg/mL;SPMP-2的ABTS自由基清除率在0-0.2mg/mL浓度范围内呈正相关,CC50为0.12mg/mL。
3.DPPH自由基清除能力测定
分别取不同浓度(0、3.125μg/mL、6.25μg/mL、12.5μg/mL、25μg/mL、50μg/mL、100μg/mL)的Vc溶液或不同浓度(0、0.0625mg/mL、0.125mg/mL、0.25mg/mL、0.5mg/mL、1mg/mL、2mg/mL)的SPMP-1溶液或不同浓度(0、0.0625mg/mL、0.125mg/mL、0.25mg/mL、0.5mg/mL、1mg/mL、2mg/mL)SPMP-2溶液100μL,置于96孔板的微孔中,加入100μL的DPPH溶液,室温避光保存30min,同时以100μL DPPH溶液与100μL无水乙醇为空白,于517nm波长处测定吸光值。按下列公式计算DPPH自由基清除率(P3):
其中A0为100μL无水乙醇+100μL DPPH溶液的吸光度值,AS为100μL样品溶液+100μLDPPH溶液的吸光度值,AC为100μL样品溶液+100μL无水乙醇的吸光度值。将实验重复三次,求得清除率的平均值。
结果如图7所示。Vc的DPPH自由基清除率在0-100μg/mL浓度范围内与浓度呈线性关系,经计算Vc对DPPH自由基的半数清除浓度CC50为61.21μg/mL;SPMP-1的DPPH自由基清除能力在0-2mg/mL浓度范围内呈线性增加,CC50为0.95mg/mL;SPMP-2的DPPH自由基清除率在0-2mg/mL浓度范围内与浓度呈正相关,CC50为0.99mg/mL。
4.Fe2+螯合能力的测定
吸取50μL不同浓度(0、2.5μg/mL、5μg/mL、10μg/mL、20μg/mL、40μg/mL、80μg/mL)的EDTA-2Na溶液或不同浓度(0、0.125mg/mL、0.25mg/mL、0.5mg/mL、1mg/mL、2mg/mL)的SPMP-1或不同浓度(0、0.03125mg/mL、0.0625mg/mL、0.125mg/mL、0.25mg/mL、0.5mg/mL)SPMP-2溶液分别加入到96孔培养板的孔中,再加入5μL硫酸亚铁溶液(2mmol/L),160μL去离子水,室温需震荡反应5min,加10μL菲咯嗪溶液(5mmol/L,溶于甲醇),摇匀,室温反应10min后,于562nm处测定其吸光值。重复三次实验,以下式计算Fe2+螯合率(P4):
其中A0为空白吸光度,A1为样品吸光度,A2为不加菲咯嗪时的吸光度。
结果如图8所示。EDTA-2Na Fe2+螯合能力在0-80μg/mL浓度范围内与浓度呈线性关系,经计算EDTA对Fe2的半数螯合清除浓度CC50为40.91μg/mL;SPMP-1的Fe2+螯合能力在0-2mg/mL浓度范围内呈线性增加,CC50为0.96mg/mL;SPMP-2Fe2+螯合率在0-0.5mg/mL浓度范围内与浓度呈正相关,CC50为0.30mg/mL。
Claims (7)
1.富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖,其特征在于,该多糖为含D-葡萄吡喃环和呋喃环的多糖,具体由甘露糖、核糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖和岩藻糖以摩尔比0.01-0.02:0.002-0.006:0.002-0.006:0.002-0.006:0.0005-0.002:0.8-1.1:0.03-0.06:0.001-0.005:0.0005-0.002组成,有机硒含量在100 -200mg/kg。
2.根据权利要求1所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖,其特征在于,该多糖为含D-葡萄吡喃环和呋喃环的多糖,具体由甘露糖、核糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖和岩藻糖以摩尔比0.013:0.004:0.004:0.004:0.001:0.918:0.052:0.003:0.001组成,所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖SPMP-1的分子量为355 740 Da,有机硒含量在150-155 mg/ kg。
3.富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖,其特征在于,该多糖为含有吡喃环的多糖,具体由甘露糖、核糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖和岩藻糖以摩尔比0.03-0.06:0.1-0.3:0.003-0.01:0.002-0.007:0.5-0.8:0.02-0.05:0.02-0.05组成,有机硒含量在100 -200mg/kg。
4.根据权利要求3所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖,其特征在于,该多糖为含有吡喃环的多糖,具体由甘露糖、核糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖和岩藻糖以摩尔比0.053:0.254:0.008:0.005:0.605:0.037:0.037组成,所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖SPMP-2的分子量为1539 Da,有机硒含量在100-110 mg/ kg。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤(1):取富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体粉碎后,按液固比质量比15-30:1加入70-90℃热水,水浴浸提3 h,冷却至室温离心,取上清液,浓缩后加入无水乙醇,2-8℃冰箱静置过夜,离心,弃上清得到富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体水提物沉淀,干燥得富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体水提物;
步骤(2):取干燥后的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体水提物溶于水中,加入D301G大孔树脂,室温下振荡、离心,取上清液浓缩,加无水乙醇,2-8℃冰箱静置过夜,离心,弃上清,沉淀烘干,得富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖粗品;
步骤(3):将富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖粗品溶解于水,上DEAE Sephadex A-25阴离子交换柱,用去离子水或氯化钠溶液洗脱,分部收集,采用硫酸-蒽酮法检测各管洗脱液中多糖含量,收集主峰,浓缩后乙醇沉淀,2-8℃放置,离心去上清,真空干燥;
采用去离子水洗脱,则富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖为含D-葡萄吡喃环和呋喃环的多糖,由甘露糖、核糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖和岩藻糖组成;
采用氯化钠溶液洗脱,则富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖为含有吡喃环的多糖,由甘露糖、核糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖和岩藻糖组成,其中氯化钠溶液的摩尔浓度为0.5-1.5mol/L;
步骤(4):将干燥后的样品溶于去离子水,上Sephacryl S-200凝胶过滤层析柱,去离子水洗脱,分部收集,硫酸-蒽酮法检测,收集主峰,浓缩后冷冻干燥制得富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖精品。
6.根据权利要求5所述的富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖的制备方法,其特征在于,
步骤(1)中无水乙醇的体积为步骤(1)所述的固液体积的1-6倍;
步骤(2)中无水乙醇的体积为步骤(2)的浓缩液体积的1-6倍;
步骤(3)中无水乙醇的体积为步骤(3)的浓缩液体积的3-5倍;
步骤(1)、(2)、(3)中所述的离心转速为3000-4000rpm。
7.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述富硒榆黄蘑菌丝体多糖用于制备治疗与氧化应激相关的疾病的药物制剂上的应用,具体是用于制备治疗包括高血糖、动脉粥样硬化、或免疫性疾病的药物制剂的原料药上的应用。
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