CN111804725B - In-situ remediation method for PAHs contaminated farmland soil - Google Patents
In-situ remediation method for PAHs contaminated farmland soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111804725B CN111804725B CN201910283925.4A CN201910283925A CN111804725B CN 111804725 B CN111804725 B CN 111804725B CN 201910283925 A CN201910283925 A CN 201910283925A CN 111804725 B CN111804725 B CN 111804725B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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Abstract
The invention provides an in-situ remediation method for PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) polluted farmland soil, belonging to the technical field of in-situ remediation of organic polluted soil. The invention plants celery in PAHs polluted farmland soil and adds blood meal. On one hand, the blood powder can directly provide a carbon source, a nitrogen source and the like for the microorganisms to promote the proliferation of the microorganisms; on the other hand, the blood meal can provide nutrient substances such as nitrogen for the growth of celery, strengthen the generation of celery root secretion, indirectly improve the functions of microorganisms in soil such as absorption, transformation, decomposition and the like on PAHs, and realize the restoration of PAHs pollution in farmland soil. The invention does not add microorganism and chemical agent, the repair process is safe, and no secondary pollution is caused; meanwhile, the yield and the quality of the celery are not affected in the repairing process, and the aim of repairing while producing can be achieved; in addition, the method provided by the invention has the advantages of low cost, simplicity and simplicity in operation, and can be popularized and applied.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of in-situ remediation of organic contaminated soil, in particular to an in-situ remediation method for remediating PAHs contaminated farmland soil by using blood meal reinforced celery.
Background
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs for short) refer to compounds in which two or more benzene rings are connected in a fused ring form, are organic substances widely present in the environment, and are derived from natural sources and artificial sources, but mainly derived from artificial sources, such as incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, industrial emissions, automobile exhaust, and the like. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon has strong three-effect, has the characteristics of low water solubility and high fat solubility, can enter an ecosystem through a food chain, is easy to enrich in organisms once entering the organisms, and is difficult to naturally remove and degrade after entering the organisms, so that the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon has great harm to human health and the safety of the whole ecosystem. Due to its long-term residue, bioaccumulation, semi-volatility, and high toxicity, and its ability to migrate through various environmental media (air, water, organisms, etc.) over long distances with serious harm to human health and the environment, it has received wide attention from governments and scientific communities of various countries, and 16 PAHs have been listed as "priority pollutants" by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in 1976, and some PAHs have also been listed as priority control and reduction organic pollutants by international organizations and countries of the european union, china, etc.
Although the PAHs are widely distributed in the environment, the PAHs are influenced by the processes of atmospheric sedimentation, precipitation and the like, can migrate to the soil, can be firmly adsorbed on the surface of soil particles by the soil particles after entering the soil, stay in the soil for a long time and are not easy to migrate to other environment media. During the growth process of the plants, the PAHs can also migrate into the plants while absorbing water and nutrient substances through the absorption of root systems. Particularly, after the farmland soil is polluted by PAHs, the PAHs pollutants can enter human bodies through crops produced in the farmland, so that the food safety problem is caused, and the human bodies are damaged. In China, large-area PAHs pollute farmland soil, such as a Shenfu pollution irrigation area, a Tianjin pollution irrigation area, a Yangtze river area and a Zhujiang river basin in Liaoning province, and particularly, the PAHs pollution problem in areas around industrial areas and urban and rural junctures is serious, so that the health of human bodies is endangered, and corresponding repairing work is urgently needed to be carried out. However, China is a country with a small per capita cultivated land area, and the statistics result in 2002 shows that the total cultivated land area of China is 12593 ten thousand hectares, the per capita cultivated land area is only 0.10 hectares, which is less than half of the per capita cultivated land in the world, and the number 3 is the lowest in countries with more than 26 per capita in the world and 5000 ten thousand. Therefore, it is not practical to stop the agricultural production in a large area to carry out the soil remediation work, and an in-situ remediation method which does not influence the normal agricultural production in the remediation process, has low cost of production and remediation, is easy to operate and does not cause secondary pollution is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the background art, the invention aims to provide an in-situ remediation method for remediating PAHs contaminated farmland soil by using blood meal reinforced celery.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
an in-situ remediation method of PAHs contaminated farmland soil, which is to plant celery and add blood meal in the PAHs contaminated farmland soil.
Preferably, the addition amount of the blood meal in the PAHs polluted farmland soil is 4-6 g/kg.
Preferably, the adding position of the blood powder in the PAHs polluted farmland soil is a soil plough layer.
Preferably, the celery comprises one of parsley, red celery, celery and white celery.
Preferably, the celery is a celery transplanting seedling, the plant spacing of the celery transplanting seedling is 4-5 cm, and the row spacing is 4-5 cm.
Preferably, the blood powder is added into soil of a farmland polluted by PAHs in a soil preparation process before transplanting of carlsbergensis transplanted seedlings.
Preferably, the celery transplanting seedlings are watered within 2-4 months after transplanting, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 25-40% of the maximum water capacity of the field.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides an in-situ remediation method of PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) polluted farmland soil, which is characterized in that celery is planted in the PAHs polluted farmland soil and blood meal is added. On one hand, the blood powder can directly provide a carbon source, a nitrogen source and the like for the microorganisms to promote the proliferation of the microorganisms; on the other hand, the blood meal can provide nutrient substances such as nitrogen for the growth of celery, strengthen the generation of celery root secretion, indirectly improve the functions of microorganisms in soil such as absorption, transformation, decomposition and the like on PAHs, and realize the restoration of PAHs pollution in farmland soil.
The invention does not add microorganism and chemical agent, the repair process is safe, and no secondary pollution is caused.
The invention discovers in an in-situ remediation experiment of PAHs polluted farmland soil that: compared with the parsley without the blood meal, the concentration of PAHs in the parsley and the yield of the parsley are not obviously changed. The method of the invention does not affect the yield and quality of celery in the repairing process, and can realize the aim of repairing while producing;
in addition, the method provided by the invention has the advantages of low cost, simplicity and simplicity in operation, and can be popularized and applied.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an in-situ remediation method for remediating PAHs contaminated farmland soil by using blood meal to reinforce parsley in embodiment 1 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an in-situ remediation method of PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) polluted farmland soil, which is characterized in that celery is planted in the PAHs polluted farmland soil and blood meal is added. On one hand, the blood powder can directly provide carbon sources, nitrogen sources and the like for soil microorganisms to promote the proliferation of the microorganisms; on the other hand, the blood meal can provide nutrient substances such as nitrogen for celery growth, enhance the production of celery root secretion, improve the activity and the quantity of soil microorganisms, improve the degradation of the soil PAHs by utilizing metabolic processes such as absorption, transformation and decomposition of the microorganisms to the soil PAHs, and further realize the remediation of the soil of the farmland polluted by the PAHs.
The blood powder (blood feed) is prepared from the blood of livestock, contains amino acids such as lysine, arginine, methionine, cystine and the like, and has the crude protein content of 60-80% and the water content of less than 12%. The specific source of the blood powder is not particularly limited in the invention, and the blood powder product which meets the requirements and is conventionally sold in the field can be obtained.
The celery of the present invention preferably comprises one of parsley, red celery, celery and white celery, and more preferably parsley (celery (Fisch. & c.a.mey.ex Turcz.) -Turcz.). The source of the celery is not particularly limited in the invention, and the celery seedlings which are used for transplanting and are commercially available in the conventional field can be used.
In the invention, the blood powder is preferably added into soil of PAHs polluted farmland in the soil preparation process before celery transplantation.
The invention preferably levels farmland soil to be treated, picks out stones, pulverizes large soil blocks and then adds the blood powder into the soil. In the invention, the addition amount of the blood meal in the PAHs polluted farmland soil is preferably 4-6 g/kg, and more preferably 5 g/kg. The adding position of the blood powder in the PAHs polluted farmland soil is preferably a soil plough layer, and the soil plough layer is preferably a soil surface layer with the depth of 0-20 cm.
After the blood powder is added, the soil is preferably turned over, the blood powder is uniformly mixed with the farmland soil to be restored, and then the celery is transplanted.
In the invention, when the celery is a celery transplanting seedling, the plant spacing and the row spacing of the celery transplanting seedling are preferably 4-5 cm. The celery transplanting seedlings are preferably watered in the growing period after transplanting. In the invention, the growing period after transplantation is preferably within 2-4 months after transplantation, and more preferably within 3 months after transplantation. The watering is used to maintain the water content of the soil. The water content of the soil is preferably 25-40% of the maximum field water capacity, and more preferably 30% of the maximum field water capacity. The 'water holding capacity control' can provide good conditions for the growth of microorganisms and plants. After the celery is transplanted, the soil temperature is preferably kept at 25-30 ℃ by using a mulching film or building a greenhouse and the like, so that the repairing efficiency is kept or improved.
The technical solution provided by the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. It should be noted that the examples listed below are only some examples of the present invention, and not all examples. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Agricultural contaminated soil field experiment:
on-site tests are carried out in a greenhouse in suburb of New City, Shenyang, the on-site land is divided into 1m × 1m plots after being leveled, and the average concentration of PAHs in the soil is 690.1 + -5.16 μ g/kg. The soil pH value is 7.2, the organic carbon content is 3.61%, a 0-20cm plough layer is taken as a research target, and the soil volume weight is 1.22g/cm3。
Experimental groups: adding blood powder into a soil plough layer according to the concentration of 5g/kg, uniformly mixing, transplanting the mixture into the cultivated celery seedlings (the height is about 8-9 cm), and keeping the plant spacing and the row spacing to be 4-5 cm. Watering regularly during the growth period of the celery (3 months after transplanting), keeping the water content of the soil at 30% of the maximum field water capacity, keeping the greenhouse temperature at 25-30 ℃, and keeping the restoration period of each time at 3 months.
Meanwhile, a control group which is not added with blood powder and only planted with parsley is arranged.
Collecting soil samples before and after 3 months of restoration, measuring the content of PAHs in the soil, and comparing the plant weight of the parsley in the land blocks with and without the blood meal and the PAHs in the stem leaves of the parsley. The PAHs in the soil and the celery stems and leaves are measured by liquid chromatography, and the plant weight is measured by a balance.
The experimental results are as follows:
the average concentration of PAHs in the soil after the experimental group repairs is 374.14 +/-12.45 mu g/kg, and the average degradation rate is 45.78%; the average concentration of the control group is 668.54 +/-8.05 mu g/kg, and the average degradation rate is 3.12%.
The average pahs concentrations in the stem leaves of the test group of the parsley and the control group of the parsley are respectively 25.35 +/-1.97 mu g/kg and 27.12 +/-1.78 mu g/kg, and the plant weights are respectively 79.12 +/-3.69 g and 75.92 +/-5.31 g. The fact that whether the blood meal is added or not does not cause obvious changes to the concentration of PAHs in the stem leaves of the parsley and the weight of the parsley plant.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An in-situ remediation method of PAHs contaminated farmland soil is characterized in that celery is planted in the PAHs contaminated farmland soil and blood meal is added;
the addition amount of the blood meal in the PAHs polluted farmland soil is 4-6 g/kg;
the celery comprises one of parsley, red celery, celery and white celery.
2. The in-situ remediation method of PAHs contaminated farmland soil according to claim 1, wherein the added position of the blood meal in the PAHs contaminated farmland soil is a soil plough layer.
3. The in-situ remediation method of PAHs contaminated farmland soil of claim 1, wherein the celery is a celery transplanting seedling, the row spacing of the celery transplanting seedling is 4-5 cm, and the row spacing is 4-5 cm.
4. The in-situ remediation method of PAHs contaminated farmland soil according to claim 3, wherein the blood meal is added to the PAHs contaminated farmland soil in the soil preparation process before the transplanting of the seedlings of the celery.
5. The in-situ remediation method of PAHs contaminated farmland soil according to claim 4, wherein the water content of the celery transplanting seedlings is kept to be 25-40% of the maximum water capacity of the field within 2-4 months after transplanting.
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