CN111793578A - 一种收集纤维素降解菌菌体的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种收集纤维素降解菌菌体的方法,属于环境微生物技术领域。具体步骤是:首先利用LB液体培养基扩大培养纤维素降解细菌;通过离心去除培养基,用无菌水将菌体吹吸均匀后作为接种液;无菌滤纸片蘸取菌液后平铺于CMC固体培养板上,37℃培养72 h;通过收集滤纸片即可得用于检测纤维素降解细菌纤维素酶活性所需样品。该方法操作简单,结果稳定、省时且可靠,在对纤维素降解菌纤维素酶活性表征方面具有广泛的应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及环境微生物领域,特别涉及一种快速收集纤维素降解菌菌体的方法。
背景技术
纤维素降解菌是指可以将纤维素进行降解的细菌,通过细菌内产生的纤维素酶的作用,将难以降解的纤维素分解为纤维二糖进而分解为容易分解和利用的葡萄糖。纤维素降解菌广泛分布在腐殖土和草食性动物的肠道中,分为好氧性降解菌细菌和厌氧性降解细菌。地球上存在很多的纤维素资源,其中一半以上的纤维素没有被利用,形成资源浪费,造成环境污染。在自然界中对纤维素的降解主要是通过生物降解,所以筛选高效降解纤维素菌对纤维素废弃物的处理具有重要的作用。
纤维素降解菌的价值主要体现于其纤维素酶活性,因而检测纤维素酶活性成为筛选和研究高效纤维素降解能力的重要指标。目前,在实验操作中,纤维素降解细菌菌体通常是通过将菌液在平板上均匀涂布,待细菌生长后用刮板刮下的方法进行收集,或者利用液体CMC培养基培养。然而,这些方法有以下缺点:
1、利用固体培养板中收集样品时,需要用无菌水反复冲洗、离心,致使每收集一个样品约需5分钟,进而使得酶活表征的结果难以反映实际培养条件下的酶活;
2、利用液体CMC培养基收集样品时,由于CMC液体培养基粘性很大,不利于细菌的增殖,同时也不利于通过离心来收集细菌。
为了克服以上问题,本发明提供一种快速收集纤维素降解细菌菌体的方法。与传统方法相比,本发明收集一个样品只需要几秒钟,从而减少了由于时间变化对酶活测定和表征结果的影响。再者,收集样品后的培养板还可以通过刚果红染色来表征不同实验条件对纤维素降解酶活性的影响。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种快速收集纤维素降解细菌菌体的方法,显著提高菌体收集的速度和质量,便于表征细菌纤维素降解能力、DNA和RNA提取等后续分子生物学实验。
为了实现上述目的,本发明实施例提供如下技术方案:
一种快速收集纤维素降解菌菌体的方法,首先制备接种液,然后利用滤纸和羧甲基纤维素钠诱导纤维素降解菌分泌纤维素酶。
接种液的制备方法为,利用生长培养基培养菌体至对数生长期,通过离心及无菌水清洗去除生长培养基,利用无菌水将菌液浓度调至106个/mL。
将灭过菌的滤纸片蘸取接种液后,平铺于固体CMC培养基中,37℃培养72 h。
所述生长培养基为LB培养基,其配方为氯化钠10 g、酵母提取物5 g和胰蛋白胨10g,利用NaOH将pH调至7.0,蒸馏水定容至l L。
所述固体CMC培养基,配方为CMC-Na 15 g,NH4NO3 1 g,酵母膏1 g,MgSO4·7H2O0.5 g,KH2PO4 1 g,琼脂15 g,蒸馏水定容至l L。
具体包括以下操作步骤:
(1)将菌体在LB液体培养基中扩大培养,37 ℃,150 rpm振荡培养10~12 h。
(2)将过夜培养的菌液,收集到10 ml灭菌的离心管中,在室温以6000 rpm离心5min,收集细菌沉淀,弃上清。
(3)用5 ml无菌水将细菌沉淀吹吸均匀,在室温以6000 rpm离心5 min,收集菌体沉淀,弃上清。
(4)再次加入无菌水将细菌沉淀吹吸均匀,将菌液浓度调至106个/mL,即得接种液。
(5)用准备好的滤纸片均匀蘸取50 μl接种液,平铺于CMC固体培养基上。
(6)37℃培养72 h后,用消毒镊子将滤纸片迅速夹入灭菌的离心管中,即可得所需样品。
与传统方法相比,本发明方法有显著的优势:
1. 本发明收集一个样品只需要几秒钟,从而减少了由于时间变化对酶活表征结果的影响。
2. 通收集样品后的培养板还可以通过刚果红染色来表征不同实验条件对纤维素降解酶活性的影响。
3. 本方法收集的菌体很好的用于后续DNA和RNA提取等分子生物学实验。
附图说明
图1为本发明方法实施过程中的刚果红染色图。
图2为本发明方法所得样品的DNA凝胶电泳图。
图3为本发明方法所得样品的RNA凝胶电泳图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和说明对本发明的具体实施方式进一步描述。下述实施例是示例性的,旨在用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例1:本发明所述表征菌体的纤维素降解能力
1、实施例中运用的CMC培养基组成是:CMC-Na 15 g,NH4NO3 1 g,酵母膏1 g,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5 g,KH2PO4 1 g,琼脂15 g,蒸馏水定容至l L,121℃高压湿热灭菌20 min;
2、本例中应用的刚果红染液浓度为1 mg/ml,NaCl 溶液浓度为1mol/L;
3、本例中所用纤维素降解菌为枯草芽孢杆菌(保藏编号为CGMCC No.18089)和高山芽孢杆菌(保藏编号为CGMCC No.17046)。
4、将菌体在LB液体培养基中扩大培养,37 ℃,150 rpm振荡培养12 h。
5、将过夜培养的菌液,收集到10 ml灭菌的离心管中,在室温以6000 rpm离心5min,收集细菌沉淀,弃上清。
6、用5 ml无菌水将细菌沉淀吹吸均匀,在室温以6000 rpm离心5 min,收集菌体沉淀,弃上清。
7、再次加入无菌水将细菌沉淀吹吸均匀,将菌液浓度调至106个/mL,即得接种液。
8、用准备好的滤纸片均匀蘸取50 μl接种液,平铺于CMC固体培养板上。
9、37℃培养72 h后,用消毒镊子将滤纸片迅速夹入灭菌的离心管中,然后放置液氮中冻存。
10、对收集样品后的CMC平板进行刚果红染色15 min,并用NaCl溶液进行脱色15min,得到明显大于滤纸片大小的水解透明圈(图1)。
说明本发明可以实现对纤维素酶活的定性检测。
实施例2:本发明所述表征菌体的纤维素酶活
在CMC固体平板上,用实施例1中的方法,培养纤维素降解细菌72 h,将滤纸用无菌的镊子迅速夹出,放到已灭菌的离心管中,用DNS法测定细菌的纤维素酶活。
1、实施例中运用的CMC培养基组成同实施例1;
2、本例中所用纤维素降解菌同实施例1;
3、本例用紫外分光光度计(UV)对处理后的样品进行吸光度测定;
3、本实施例中测定出的吸光度和纤维素酶活如下表:
表1 酶活检测结果
以上证明,本发明方法收集的细菌可以进行纤维素酶活进行定量检测。此外,通过标准偏差的数值也可发现,本方法所得结果相对稳定。
实施例3:本发明所述方法收集的样品用于提取DNA
在CMC固体平板上,用实施例1的方法,培养纤维素降解细菌72 h,将滤纸用无菌的镊子迅速夹出,放到已灭菌的离心管中,用酚氯仿的方法提取滤纸上细菌DNA。
1、 实施例中运用的CMC培养基组成同实施例1;
2、 本例中使用Nanodrop 2000,进行DNA含量的测定;
3、 本例中所用纤维素降解菌同实施例1;
4、 实施例中采用1%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳,可得到清晰明亮的DNA条带(图2);
5、 相比传统收集菌体的方法(涂布法),用滤纸的方法可以稳定提取DNA并且可以做后续的PCR实验。
表2 Nanodrop 2000 检测结果
以上可知,本发明方法收集的细菌可以进一步进行DNA提取实验,相比传统方法(平板涂布)提取的DNA浓度更稳定。
实施例4:本发明所述用于提取细菌RNA
1、在CMC固体平板上,用实施例1的方法,培养纤维素降解细菌72 h,将滤纸用无菌的镊子迅速夹出,放到RNase的离心管中,用溶菌酶和试剂盒协同使用对滤纸上的细菌RNA进行提取。
2、实施例中运用的CMC培养基组成同实施例1;
3、实施例中采用1%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳,可得到清晰明亮的RNA条带(图3);
说明书本发明方法收集的细菌可以进一步进行RNA提取实验。
上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所做的举例,而并非对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化。
Claims (6)
1.一种快速收集纤维素降解菌菌体的方法,其特征在于,首先制备接种液,然后利用滤纸和羧甲基纤维素钠诱导纤维素降解菌分泌纤维素酶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种快速收集纤维素降解菌菌体的方法,其特征在于,接种液的制备方法为,利用生长培养基培养菌体至对数生长期,通过离心及无菌水清洗去除生长培养基,利用无菌水将菌液浓度调至106个/mL。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种快速收集纤维素降解细菌菌体的方法,其特征在于,将灭过菌的滤纸片蘸取接种液后,平铺于固体CMC培养基中,37℃培养72 h。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种快速收集纤维素降解菌菌体的方法,其特征在于,所述生长培养基为LB培养基,其配方为氯化钠10 g、酵母提取物5 g和胰蛋白胨10 g,利用NaOH将pH调至7.0,蒸馏水定容至l L。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种快速收集纤维素降解菌菌体的方法,其特征在于,所述固体CMC培养基,配方为CMC-Na 15 g,NH4NO3 1 g,酵母膏1 g,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5 g,KH2PO4 1g,琼脂15 g,蒸馏水定容至l L。
6.权利要求1~5任一所述的方法在表征菌体纤维素酶活性中的应用。
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WO2008139641A1 (en) * | 2007-05-07 | 2008-11-20 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Method for producing cellulase and hemicellulase having high hydrolytic activity |
CN101463384A (zh) * | 2009-01-09 | 2009-06-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | 一种真菌的筛选方法以及采用该菌种生产纤维素酶的方法 |
CN101555461A (zh) * | 2009-04-07 | 2009-10-14 | 福州大学 | 一株产碱性纤维素酶菌株lt3及其选育方法和产酶条件初步优化 |
CN108865888A (zh) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-11-23 | 福建农林大学 | 一种松墨天牛幼虫肠道中纤维素降解细菌的分离鉴定方法 |
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WO2008139641A1 (en) * | 2007-05-07 | 2008-11-20 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Method for producing cellulase and hemicellulase having high hydrolytic activity |
CN101463384A (zh) * | 2009-01-09 | 2009-06-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | 一种真菌的筛选方法以及采用该菌种生产纤维素酶的方法 |
CN101555461A (zh) * | 2009-04-07 | 2009-10-14 | 福州大学 | 一株产碱性纤维素酶菌株lt3及其选育方法和产酶条件初步优化 |
CN108865888A (zh) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-11-23 | 福建农林大学 | 一种松墨天牛幼虫肠道中纤维素降解细菌的分离鉴定方法 |
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