CN111788950A - Breeding method for stably increasing yield of hybrid citrus by grafting - Google Patents
Breeding method for stably increasing yield of hybrid citrus by grafting Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method for grafting hybrid citrus to increase yield stably, which comprises the following steps: 1) the method has the advantages of easy industrial production, high growth speed, strong growth, excellent seedling quality, good grafting compatibility, good root system development, strong water and fertilizer absorption capability, easy propagation and high grafting survival rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a breeding method for stably increasing yield of hybrid citrus by grafting.
Background
Citrus (Citrus reticulata Blanco) genus Rutaceae genus plant of the genus Citrus. The nature likes warm and humid climate, and the cold resistance is slightly stronger than that of pomelo, lime and sweet orange. The Citrus subfamily of Rutaceae is distributed between 16-37 ° north latitude. Is a tropical and subtropical evergreen fruit tree (except for trifoliate orange), and is used for economic cultivation of 3 genera: poncirus, Citrus, and Poncirus. Citrus grown in china and other countries of the world is predominantly of the genus citrus.
The functions of fixing the stock, supporting the scion and delivering nutrients to the scion in fruit tree production are the basis of grafting seedling cultivation and the key for successfully applying the grafting seedling to production. The stock for grafting is selected from nursery stocks which have developed root systems, are suitable for local climatic conditions, have certain resistance to local main biotic stress and abiotic stress and have strong affinity with scions as the stock. The rootstock has certain influence on the fruit tree flower formation, fruit setting rate, fruit mature period, fruit yield, fruit quality and the like. Currently, in actual production of citrus, the sources of stocks are mainly concentrated in citrus such as fructus aurantii, tangerine, trifoliate orange and grapefruit and plants in the genus of fructus aurantii, the grafting survival rate is low, the grafted trees grow slowly, and the bearing age is delayed.
The existing citrus seedlings are usually planted with citrus seedlings and grafted seedlings, and the citrus seedlings have the defects of poor disease resistance, low fruiting rate, low yield, short service life and the like after being planted; the survival rate is low, the seedlings grow slowly, and the production of citrus fruit trees is directly influenced. Therefore, the grafted citrus seedling has the advantages of good disease resistance, high fruit bearing rate, high growth speed and prolonged service life.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a breeding method for stably increasing yield of hybrid citrus by grafting.
The scheme of the invention is as follows:
a breeding method for grafting hybrid citrus to increase yield stably comprises the following steps:
1) selecting seedlings: selecting persimmon seedlings which emerge in the same year and have the height of 0.8-1.4 m and the thickness of 0.7-1.0 cm, soaking root systems of the persimmon seedlings in clear water for 30-40 min before transplanting, and then placing the persimmon seedlings into a treatment solution for 20-30 min;
2) transplanting, namely planting persimmon seedlings in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, digging pits with the length, the width and the height of about 0.8m and the height of 0.6m during planting, wherein the row spacing is 4 multiplied by 4m, pouring nutrient water after planting, filling covering soil, applying supplementary fertilizer after the persimmon seedlings survive, filling the supplementary fertilizer into ditches, watering, compacting and weeding;
3) managing, namely when the seedlings grow to about 1m, branches at the tops of the persimmon seedlings can be cut off, wrapping the cut-off openings with plastic cloth, removing the plastic cloth when the seedlings sprout, properly removing abnormal flowers and over dense flowers when the persimmon trees bloom in the first year, and using the persimmon trees as stocks;
4) grafting, namely selecting high-quality pure healthy oranges as scions, cutting the oranges from branches to form 10-15cm grafting scions, and then grafting the grafting scions to the stocks; nutritional cotton is wound at the grafting position, a breathable hole belt is wrapped on the nutritional cotton, and the whole grafting position is encapsulated by a transparent film;
5) and (3) management after grafting: culturing for 20-25 days in a greenhouse at 20-25 deg.C and 60-70% relative humidity, untying transparent film, opening porous belt, taking down nutrition cotton, culturing vertically grown grafted seedling, and culturing for one year in water and fertilizer environment to obtain grafted seedling of Mandarin orange.
As a preferred technical scheme, the nutrient water comprises water, seaweed powder, polyporus umbellatus, trace elements and a lophatherum gracile extract, and the proportion of the nutrient water to the polyporus umbellatus is 92: 4: 2: 0.0045: 0.5-1.
As the preferred technical scheme, the air vent belt is soaked in the disinfection culture solution for 1-2 min.
As a preferred technical scheme, the disinfection culture solution comprises water, potassium permanganate, dandelion, a fructus cnidii extract and a gleditsia sinensis extract in a ratio of 65: 0.2-0.4: 6:5: 0.1-0.5.
As a preferred technical scheme, the supplementary fertilizer is composed of decomposed farmyard manure and a compound fertilizer containing N more than or equal to 15%, P2O5 more than or equal to 15% and K2O more than or equal to 15% in mass fraction.
As a preferable technical scheme, the covering soil comprises fishpond sludge, organic fertilizer, umbilicaria esculenta extract and humus in a ratio of 45:25:6: 24.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the nutritional cotton comprises cotton cloth, and the cotton cloth is immersed in the maintenance liquid for 3-5 min.
As a preferred technical scheme, the maintenance liquid comprises water, dimethoate emulsion, ginkgo biloba extract, cacumen biotae extract and 5-nitroguaiacol, and the ratio of the maintenance liquid to the nitroguaiacol is 92:0.05:2:4: 1.
As a preferred technical scheme, the persimmon tree is a 1-2-year-old persimmon tree, the 1-2-year-old persimmon tree is used as a stock, a little malformed fruits are removed from the persimmon tree in the fruiting period, and some fruits are properly harvested and removed later.
As a preferable technical scheme, the sprouts on the rootstocks are wiped off at any time in the step 5), so that the growth of the scions is promoted.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the breeding method for grafting the hybrid citrus to increase the yield stably comprises the following steps: 1) selecting seedlings: selecting persimmon seedlings which emerge in the same year and have the height of 0.8-1.4 m and the thickness of 0.7-1.0 cm, soaking root systems of the persimmon seedlings in clear water for 30-40 min before transplanting, and then placing the persimmon seedlings into a treatment solution for 20-30 min; 2) transplanting, namely planting persimmon seedlings in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, digging pits with the length, the width and the height of about 0.8m and the height of 0.6m during planting, wherein the row spacing is 4 multiplied by 4m, pouring nutrient water after planting, filling covering soil, applying supplementary fertilizer after the persimmon seedlings survive, filling the supplementary fertilizer into ditches, watering, compacting and weeding; 3) managing, namely when the seedlings grow to about 1m, branches at the tops of the persimmon seedlings can be cut off, wrapping the cut-off openings with plastic cloth, removing the plastic cloth when the seedlings sprout, properly removing abnormal flowers and over dense flowers when the persimmon trees bloom in the first year, and using the persimmon trees as stocks; 4) grafting, namely selecting high-quality pure healthy oranges as scions, cutting the oranges from branches to form 10-15cm grafting scions, and then grafting the grafting scions to the stocks; nutritional cotton is wound at the grafting position, a breathable hole belt is wrapped on the nutritional cotton, and the whole grafting position is encapsulated by a transparent film; 5) and (3) management after grafting: culturing for 20-25 days in a greenhouse at 20-25 deg.C and 60-70% relative humidity, untying transparent film, opening porous belt, taking down nutrition cotton, culturing vertically grown grafted seedling, and culturing for one year in water and fertilizer environment to obtain grafted seedling of Mandarin orange.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention has the advantages of easy industrial production, high growth speed, strong growth, excellent seedling quality, good grafting compatibility, good root development, strong water and fertilizer absorption capacity, easy propagation, capability of obtaining a large amount of materials for grafting in a short time, short crown, easy flowering, early fruiting, high fruit yield, early fruit maturity, good fruit quality, disease resistance, strong cold resistance and the like; after the grafting method is adopted, the grafting survival rate is improved to 99 percent from the original 50 percent, the yield of the citrus is doubled, the tree age in 2 years can reach more than 3500 jin per mu, the taste of the fruit is good, the nutrition is rich, the fruit is hung about 1 year ahead of the traditional citrus seedling, and the fruit hanging time is 3-5 years longer than that of the seedling.
Detailed Description
In order to make up for the above disadvantages, the invention provides a breeding method for grafting hybrid citrus to increase yield stably, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
A breeding method for grafting hybrid citrus to increase yield stably comprises the following steps:
1) selecting seedlings: selecting persimmon seedlings which emerge in the same year and have the height of 0.8-1.4 m and the thickness of 0.7-1.0 cm, soaking root systems of the persimmon seedlings in clear water for 30-40 min before transplanting, and then placing the persimmon seedlings into a treatment solution for 20-30 min;
2) transplanting, namely planting persimmon seedlings in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, digging pits with the length, the width and the height of about 0.8m and the height of 0.6m during planting, wherein the row spacing is 4 multiplied by 4m, pouring nutrient water after planting, filling covering soil, applying supplementary fertilizer after the persimmon seedlings survive, filling the supplementary fertilizer into ditches, watering, compacting and weeding;
3) managing, namely when the seedlings grow to about 1m, branches at the tops of the persimmon seedlings can be cut off, wrapping the cut-off openings with plastic cloth, removing the plastic cloth when the seedlings sprout, properly removing abnormal flowers and over dense flowers when the persimmon trees bloom in the first year, and using the persimmon trees as stocks;
4) grafting, namely selecting high-quality pure healthy oranges as scions, cutting the oranges from branches to form 10-15cm grafting scions, and then grafting the grafting scions to the stocks; nutritional cotton is wound at the grafting position, a breathable hole belt is wrapped on the nutritional cotton, and the whole grafting position is encapsulated by a transparent film;
5) and (3) management after grafting: culturing for 20-25 days in a greenhouse at 20-25 deg.C and 60-70% relative humidity, untying transparent film, opening porous belt, taking down nutrition cotton, culturing vertically grown grafted seedling, and culturing for one year in water and fertilizer environment to obtain grafted seedling of Mandarin orange.
The nutrient water comprises water, seaweed powder, polyporus umbellatus, trace elements and a lophatherum gracile extract, and the proportion of the water to the seaweed powder is 92: 4: 2: 0.0045: 0.5-1.
And soaking the disinfection culture solution in the air vent belt for 1-2 min.
The disinfection culture solution comprises water, potassium permanganate, dandelion, a fructus cnidii extract and a gleditsia sinensis lam extract according to a ratio of 65: 0.2-0.4: 6:5: 0.1-0.5.
The supplementary fertilizer is composed of decomposed farmyard manure and a compound fertilizer containing more than or equal to 15% of N, more than or equal to 15% of P2O5 and more than or equal to 15% of K2O in percentage by mass.
The covering soil comprises fishpond sludge, organic fertilizer, umbilicaria esculenta extract and humus in a ratio of 45:25:6: 24.
The nutrient cotton comprises cotton cloth, and the cotton cloth is immersed in the maintenance liquid for 3-5 min.
The maintenance liquid comprises water, dimethoate emulsion, a ginkgo extract, a cacumen biotae extracting solution and 5-nitroguaiacol, wherein the ratio of the water to the dimethoate emulsion to the ginkgo extract to the cacumen biotae extracting solution to the 5-nitroguaiacol is 92:0.05:2:4: 1.
The persimmon trees are 1-2 years old, the persimmon trees are used as stocks in 1-2 years old, a little malformed fruits are removed from the persimmon trees in the fruiting period, and some fruits are properly harvested and removed later.
And 5) removing sprouts on the rootstocks at any time in the step 5), and promoting the growth of the scions.
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1:
1) selecting seedlings: selecting persimmon seedlings which emerge in the same year and have the height of 0.8-1.4 m and the thickness of 0.7-1.0 cm, soaking root systems of the persimmon seedlings in clear water for 30min before transplanting, and then placing the persimmon seedlings into a treatment solution for 20 min;
2) transplanting, namely planting persimmon seedlings in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, digging pits with the length, the width and the height of about 0.8m and the height of 0.6m during planting, wherein the row spacing is 4 multiplied by 4m, pouring nutrient water after planting, filling covering soil, applying supplementary fertilizer after the persimmon seedlings survive, filling the supplementary fertilizer into ditches, watering, compacting and weeding;
3) managing, namely when the seedlings grow to about 1m, branches at the tops of the persimmon seedlings can be cut off, wrapping the cut-off openings with plastic cloth, removing the plastic cloth when the seedlings sprout, properly removing abnormal flowers and over dense flowers when the persimmon trees bloom in the first year, and using the persimmon trees as stocks;
4) grafting, namely selecting high-quality pure healthy oranges as scions, cutting the oranges from branches to form 10cm grafting scions, and then grafting the grafting scions to the stocks; nutritional cotton is wound at the grafting position, a breathable hole belt is wrapped on the nutritional cotton, and the whole grafting position is encapsulated by a transparent film;
5) and (3) management after grafting: and (3) maintaining the temperature of 20 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60% in a greenhouse, after 20 days of cultivation, unfastening the transparent film, opening the porous belt, taking down the nutrient cotton, then cultivating the vertically grown grafted seedlings, and finally cultivating for one year in an environment with good water and fertilizer conditions to obtain the citrus grafted seedlings.
The nutrient water comprises water, seaweed powder, polyporus umbellatus, trace elements and a lophatherum gracile extract, and the proportion of the water to the seaweed powder is 92: 4: 2: 0.0045:0.5.
The air holes are soaked in the disinfection culture solution for 1 min.
The disinfection culture solution comprises water, potassium permanganate, dandelion, a fructus cnidii extract and a gleditsia sinensis lam extract in a ratio of 65:0.2:6:5: 0.1.
The supplementary fertilizer is composed of decomposed farmyard manure and a compound fertilizer containing more than or equal to 15% of N, more than or equal to 15% of P2O5 and more than or equal to 15% of K2O in percentage by mass.
The covering soil comprises fishpond sludge, organic fertilizer, umbilicaria esculenta extract and humus in a ratio of 45:25:6: 24.
The nutritional cotton comprises cotton cloth, and the cotton cloth is soaked in the maintenance solution for 3 min.
The maintenance liquid comprises water, dimethoate emulsion, a ginkgo extract, a cacumen biotae extracting solution and 5-nitroguaiacol, wherein the ratio of the water to the dimethoate emulsion to the ginkgo extract to the cacumen biotae extracting solution to the 5-nitroguaiacol is 92:0.05:2:4: 1.
The persimmon trees are 1-2 years old, the persimmon trees are used as stocks in 1-2 years old, a little malformed fruits are removed from the persimmon trees in the fruiting period, and some fruits are properly harvested and removed later.
And 5) removing sprouts on the rootstocks at any time in the step 5), and promoting the growth of the scions.
Example 2:
1) selecting seedlings: selecting persimmon seedlings emerging in the same year, wherein the height of the persimmon seedlings is 0.8-1.4 m, the thickness of the persimmon seedlings is 0.7-1.0 cm, soaking root systems of the persimmon seedlings in clear water for 40min before transplanting, and then placing the persimmon seedlings into a treatment solution for 30 min;
2) transplanting, namely planting persimmon seedlings in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, digging pits with the length, the width and the height of about 0.8m and the height of 0.6m during planting, wherein the row spacing is 4 multiplied by 4m, pouring nutrient water after planting, filling covering soil, applying supplementary fertilizer after the persimmon seedlings survive, filling the supplementary fertilizer into ditches, watering, compacting and weeding;
3) managing, namely when the seedlings grow to about 1m, branches at the tops of the persimmon seedlings can be cut off, wrapping the cut-off openings with plastic cloth, removing the plastic cloth when the seedlings sprout, properly removing abnormal flowers and over dense flowers when the persimmon trees bloom in the first year, and using the persimmon trees as stocks;
4) grafting, namely selecting high-quality pure and healthy oranges as scions, cutting the oranges from branches to form grafting scions of 15cm, and then grafting the grafting scions to the stocks; nutritional cotton is wound at the grafting position, a breathable hole belt is wrapped on the nutritional cotton, and the whole grafting position is encapsulated by a transparent film;
5) and (3) management after grafting: and (3) maintaining the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 70% in a greenhouse, after 25 days of cultivation, unfastening the transparent film, opening the porous belt, taking down the nutrient cotton, then cultivating the vertically grown grafted seedlings, and finally cultivating the grafted seedlings for one year in an environment with good water and fertilizer conditions to obtain the citrus grafted seedlings.
The nutrient water comprises water, seaweed powder, polyporus umbellatus, trace elements and a lophatherum gracile extract, and the proportion of the water to the seaweed powder is 92: 4: 2: 0.0045:1.
The air holes are soaked in the disinfection culture solution for 2 min.
The disinfection culture solution comprises water, potassium permanganate, dandelion, a fructus cnidii extract and a gleditsia sinensis lam extract in a ratio of 65:0.4:6:5: 0.5.
The supplementary fertilizer is composed of decomposed farmyard manure and a compound fertilizer containing more than or equal to 15% of N, more than or equal to 15% of P2O5 and more than or equal to 15% of K2O in percentage by mass.
The covering soil comprises fishpond sludge, organic fertilizer, umbilicaria esculenta extract and humus in a ratio of 45:25:6: 24.
The nutritional cotton comprises cotton cloth, and the cotton cloth is soaked in the maintenance solution for 5 min.
The maintenance liquid comprises water, dimethoate emulsion, a ginkgo extract, a cacumen biotae extracting solution and 5-nitroguaiacol, wherein the ratio of the water to the dimethoate emulsion to the ginkgo extract to the cacumen biotae extracting solution to the 5-nitroguaiacol is 92:0.05:2:4: 1.
The persimmon trees are 1-2 years old, the persimmon trees are used as stocks in 1-2 years old, a little malformed fruits are removed from the persimmon trees in the fruiting period, and some fruits are properly harvested and removed later.
And 5) removing sprouts on the rootstocks at any time in the step 5), and promoting the growth of the scions.
Example 3:
1) selecting seedlings: selecting persimmon seedlings emerging in the same year, wherein the height of the persimmon seedlings is 0.8-1.4 m, the thickness of the persimmon seedlings is 0.7-1.0 cm, soaking root systems of the persimmon seedlings in clear water for 35min before transplanting, and then placing the persimmon seedlings into a treatment solution for 25 min;
2) transplanting, namely planting persimmon seedlings in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, digging pits with the length, the width and the height of about 0.8m and the height of 0.6m during planting, wherein the row spacing is 4 multiplied by 4m, pouring nutrient water after planting, filling covering soil, applying supplementary fertilizer after the persimmon seedlings survive, filling the supplementary fertilizer into ditches, watering, compacting and weeding;
3) managing, namely when the seedlings grow to about 1m, branches at the tops of the persimmon seedlings can be cut off, wrapping the cut-off openings with plastic cloth, removing the plastic cloth when the seedlings sprout, properly removing abnormal flowers and over dense flowers when the persimmon trees bloom in the first year, and using the persimmon trees as stocks;
4) grafting, namely selecting high-quality pure healthy oranges as scions, cutting the oranges from branches to form 10-15cm grafting scions, and then grafting the grafting scions to the stocks; nutritional cotton is wound at the grafting position, a breathable hole belt is wrapped on the nutritional cotton, and the whole grafting position is encapsulated by a transparent film;
5) and (3) management after grafting: and (3) maintaining the temperature of 24 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65% in a greenhouse, after culturing for 23 days, unfastening the transparent film, opening the porous belt, taking down the nutrient cotton, culturing the vertically grown grafted seedlings, and finally culturing for one year in an environment with good water and fertilizer conditions to obtain the citrus grafted seedlings.
The nutrient water comprises water, seaweed powder, polyporus umbellatus, trace elements and a lophatherum gracile extract, and the proportion of the water to the seaweed powder is 92: 4: 2: 0.0045:0.8.
The air holes are soaked in the disinfection culture solution for 1 min.
The disinfection culture solution comprises water, potassium permanganate, dandelion, a fructus cnidii extract and a gleditsia sinensis lam extract in a ratio of 65:0.3:6:5: 0.4.
The supplementary fertilizer is composed of decomposed farmyard manure and a compound fertilizer containing more than or equal to 15% of N, more than or equal to 15% of P2O5 and more than or equal to 15% of K2O in percentage by mass.
The covering soil comprises fishpond sludge, organic fertilizer, umbilicaria esculenta extract and humus in a ratio of 45:25:6: 24.
The nutritional cotton comprises cotton cloth, and the cotton cloth is soaked in the maintenance solution for 4 min.
The maintenance liquid comprises water, dimethoate emulsion, a ginkgo extract, a cacumen biotae extracting solution and 5-nitroguaiacol, wherein the ratio of the water to the dimethoate emulsion to the ginkgo extract to the cacumen biotae extracting solution to the 5-nitroguaiacol is 92:0.05:2:4: 1.
The persimmon trees are 1-2 years old, the persimmon trees are used as stocks in 1-2 years old, a little malformed fruits are removed from the persimmon trees in the fruiting period, and some fruits are properly harvested and removed later.
And 5) removing sprouts on the rootstocks at any time in the step 5), and promoting the growth of the scions.
Example 4
Example 3 planting
As a result: the grafting survival rate is 99.6%, the fruit seedlings grow well, and the fruit blossoms and sets fruit in the next 1 month. In the third year, each tree grows 17kg of citrus, the weight of a single fruit is 300-450 g, and through detection, compared with locally produced citrus, the fruit has the advantages of high soluble solid content, rich flavor and better appearance and internal quality.
Comparative example
Planting and cultivating by conventional method
As a result: the grafting survival rate is only 53.6 percent, the citrus does not flower and fruit in the second year, the citrus can flower and fruit in the third year, each tree is 9kg in length, the weight of a single fruit is 200-300g, and the fruit is detected to have lower soluble solid content compared with the locally produced citrus.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A breeding method for grafting, stabilizing and increasing yield of hybrid citrus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting seedlings, namely selecting persimmon seedlings emerging in the same year, wherein the height of the selected seedlings is 0.8-1.4 m, the thickness of the selected seedlings is 0.7-1.0 cm, soaking root systems of the persimmon seedlings in clear water for 30-40 min before transplanting, and then placing the soaked seedlings into a treatment solution for 20-30 min;
2) transplanting, namely planting persimmon seedlings in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, digging pits with the length, the width and the height of about 0.8m and the height of 0.6m during planting, wherein the row spacing is 4 multiplied by 4m, pouring nutrient water after planting, filling covering soil, applying supplementary fertilizer after the persimmon seedlings survive, filling the supplementary fertilizer into ditches, watering, compacting and weeding;
3) managing, namely when the seedlings grow to about 1m, branches at the tops of the persimmon seedlings can be cut off, wrapping the cut-off openings with plastic cloth, removing the plastic cloth when the seedlings sprout, properly removing abnormal flowers and over dense flowers when the persimmon trees bloom in the first year, and using the persimmon trees as stocks;
4) grafting, namely selecting high-quality pure healthy oranges as scions, cutting the oranges from branches to form 10-15cm grafting scions, and then grafting the grafting scions to the stocks; nutritional cotton is wound at the grafting position, a breathable hole belt is wrapped on the nutritional cotton, and the whole grafting position is encapsulated by a transparent film;
5) managing after grafting, culturing for 20-25 days in a greenhouse under the conditions that the temperature is kept at 20-25 ℃ and the relative humidity is 60-70%, untying the transparent film, opening the porous belt, taking down the nutrient cotton, culturing the vertically growing grafted seedlings, and finally culturing for one year in an environment with good water and fertilizer conditions to obtain the citrus grafted seedlings.
2. The method for breeding hybrid citrus through grafting and stable yield increase according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the nutrient water comprises water, seaweed powder, polyporus umbellatus, trace elements and a lophatherum gracile extract, and the proportion of the water to the seaweed powder is 92: 4: 2: 0.0045: 0.5-1.
3. The method for breeding hybrid citrus through grafting and stable yield increase according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and soaking the disinfection culture solution in the air vent belt for 1-2 min.
4. The method for breeding hybrid citrus through grafting and stable yield increase according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the disinfection culture solution comprises water, potassium permanganate, dandelion, a fructus cnidii extract and a gleditsia sinensis lam extract according to a ratio of 65: 0.2-0.4: 6:5: 0.1-0.5.
5. The method for breeding hybrid citrus through grafting and stable yield increase according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the supplementary fertilizer is composed of decomposed farmyard manure and a compound fertilizer containing more than or equal to 15% of N, more than or equal to 15% of P2O5 and more than or equal to 15% of K2O in percentage by mass.
6. The method for breeding hybrid citrus through grafting and stable yield increase according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the covering soil comprises fishpond sludge, organic fertilizer, umbilicaria esculenta extract and humus in a ratio of 45:25:6: 24.
7. The method for breeding hybrid citrus through grafting and stable yield increase according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the nutrient cotton comprises cotton cloth, and the cotton cloth is immersed in the maintenance liquid for 3-5 min.
8. The method for breeding hybrid citrus through grafting and stable yield increase according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the maintenance liquid comprises water, dimethoate emulsion, a ginkgo extract, a cacumen biotae extracting solution and 5-nitroguaiacol, wherein the ratio of the water to the dimethoate emulsion to the ginkgo extract to the cacumen biotae extracting solution to the 5-nitroguaiacol is 92:0.05:2:4: 1.
9. The method for breeding hybrid citrus through grafting and stable yield increase according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the persimmon trees are 1-2 years old, the persimmon trees are used as stocks in 1-2 years old, a little malformed fruits are removed from the persimmon trees in the fruiting period, and some fruits are properly harvested and removed later.
10. The method for breeding hybrid citrus through grafting and stable yield increase according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and 5) removing sprouts on the rootstocks at any time in the step 5), and promoting the growth of the scions.
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| CN112913489A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-06-08 | 云南帅豪农牧科技有限公司 | High-survival-rate cherry grafting and breeding method |
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