CN111777453A - Nutrient solution composition and method for increasing glucoraphanin content in broccoli ball - Google Patents
Nutrient solution composition and method for increasing glucoraphanin content in broccoli ball Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nutrient solution composition and a method for improving the glucoraphanin content in broccoli balls, wherein the nutrient solution composition comprises a nutrient solution A, a nutrient solution B and a nutrient solution C; the nutrient solution A comprises: 1.0 to 2.0mM K2SO41.0-2.0 mM methionine, 1.0-2.0 mM cysteine, 10-20 g/L glucose, 1.0-2.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene, 100 μ M disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, adjusting pH to 6.8-7.3 with potassium hydroxide, 1 μ L/L Tween 80; the nutrient solution B is the nutrient solution A, 0.5-1.0 mu M N-acetyl-5-methoxyl tryptamine is added, and the concentration of 1-methylcyclopropene is increased to 2.0-4.0 mu L/L; the nutrient solution C comprises: 4.0 to 5.0 μ L/L of 1-methylcyclopropene and 1.0 to 1.5 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable cultivation, and particularly relates to a nutrient solution composition and a method for improving the content of glucoraphanin in broccoli curd.
Background
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea l.var. italica) is a brassicaceae vegetable that consumes curd, and is receiving attention because it is rich in glucoraphanin, a precursor of anticancer active substances. Glucoraphanin is the most predominant glucosinolate component of broccoli and is the most potent natural inducer of the stage 2 enzymes identified to date as having detoxifying effects in anticancer metabolism (e.g., quinone reductase, etc.). The research shows that the sulforaphane generated by the degradation of the sulforaphane can reduce the occurrence of various cancers and cardiovascular diseases. Studies prove that the sulforaphane can play a beneficial protection role on human health through a regulatory pathway depending on Nrf2 and a regulatory pathway independent of Nrf 2. In recent years. The official website of clinical trials in the United states, clinicalrials gov (https:// www.clinicaltrials.gov /), has had a number of clinical trials involving glucoraphanin or sulforaphane.
Sulforaphane belongs to aliphatic glucosinolate and is mainly accumulated in organs such as bulbs, seeds and the like. Researches find that the content of glucoraphanin in the broccoli ball is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. We also found in production that the content of glucoraphanin in the flowers of the same variety is often obviously different in different years or in different regions of the same year. These all indicate that different environments affect the level of sulforaphane in broccoli bulbs.
In order to improve the content of the glucoraphanin in the broccoli ball and obtain a stable high-glucoraphanin broccoli ball product, the research is combined with production practice to explore and establish a method capable of effectively improving the content of the glucoraphanin in the broccoli ball through a cultivation technology, and the method has high application value in producing the high-glucoraphanin broccoli ball and cultivating high-glucoraphanin varieties.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nutrient solution composition and a method for improving the sulforaphane content in broccoli balls, so as to improve the quality of broccoli, enhance the property of the broccoli as an anticancer functional food and improve the economic benefit of the broccoli.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention is specifically realized by the following technical scheme:
a nutrient solution composition for increasing the sulforaphane content in broccoli ball comprises a nutrient solution A, a nutrient solution B and a nutrient solution C;
the nutrient solution A comprises: 1.0 to 2.0mM K2SO41.0-2.0 mM methionine, 1.0-2.0 mM cysteine, 10-20 g/L glucose, 1.0-2.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene, 100 μ M disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, adjusting pH to 6.8-7.3 with potassium hydroxide, 1 μ L/L Tween 80;
the nutrient solution B comprises: 1.0 to 2.0mM K2SO41.0-2.0 mM methionine, 1.0-2.0 mM cysteine, 0.5-1.0 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, 10-20 g/L glucose, 2.0-4.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene, 100 μ M disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, adjusting pH to 6.8-7.3 with potassium hydroxide, 1 μ L/L Tween 80;
the nutrient solution C comprises: 4.0 to 5.0 μ L/L of 1-methylcyclopropene and 1.0 to 1.5 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine.
The nutrient solution A is sprayed within 1 week after the broccoli is balled, the nutrient solution B is sprayed 6-8 days after the nutrient solution A is sprayed, and the nutrient solution C is sprayed 2-4 days before harvesting.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cultivation method for increasing sulforaphane content in broccoli ball, comprising the steps of:
1) soil treatment
Respectively using an organic fertilizer and a compound fertilizer, wherein the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 1-1.5 tons/mu, and the compound fertilizer is a potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer and is 20-30 kilograms/mu;
2) transplanting, namely planting according to the plant spacing of 40-50 cm and the row spacing of 60-65 cm, 2 lines and 1 bed, and applying 10-20 kg of potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer per mu before closing the rows;
3) 0.5-2 kg of medium element water-soluble fertilizer is dripped per mu before the current balling, 40-50L of nutrient solution A is uniformly sprayed per mu within 1 week after the current balling, 6-8 days later, 40-50L/mu of nutrient solution B is sprayed per mu, and 2-4 days before harvesting, C40-50L/mu of nutrient solution is sprayed per mu;
the nutrient solution A comprises: 1.0 to 2.0mM K2SO41.0-2.0 mM methionine, 1.0-2.0 mM cysteine, 10-20 g/L glucose, 1.0-2.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene, 100 μ M disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, adjusting pH to 6.8-7.3 with potassium hydroxide, 1 μ L/L Tween 80;
the nutrient solution B comprises: 1.0 to 2.0mM K2SO41.0-2.0 mM methionine, 1.0-2.0 mM cysteine, 0.5-1.0 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, 10-20 g/L glucose, 2.0-4.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene, 100 μ M disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, adjusting pH to 6.8-7.3 with potassium hydroxide, 1 μ L/L Tween 80;
the nutrient solution C comprises: 4.0-5.0 μ L/L of 1-methylcyclopropene, 1.0-1.5 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine;
4) the diameter of the ball surface of the flower ball is 12-15 cm, or the flower ball can be harvested before loosening.
Furthermore, broccoli is planted in the greenhouse, the seedling age is 25-30 days, and the transplanting time is 9 months, 20 days to 10 months, and 20 days.
Further, before transplanting, the soil and the transplanted seedlings are respectively sterilized and insecticidal
Furthermore, the organic fertilizer is decomposed sheep manure.
Further, the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer (N: P)2O5:K2O15: 15:15 or N: P2O5:K2O17: 17:17 or N: P2O5:K2O＝18:9:18)
Furthermore, N is not less than 150g/L, Ca + Mg is not less than 150g/L, and Cu + Fe + Mn + Zn + B is 3-5 g/L in the medium element water-soluble fertilizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a nutrient solution composition for improving the content of sulforaphane in broccoli curd and a cultivation method, and tests prove that the content of sulforaphane in the broccoli curd is improved by more than 70% compared with the conventional open field cultivation and 20% compared with the common facility cultivation, the content of sulforaphane in a sulforaphane germplasm material is improved by more than 15 micromole/g, the broccoli curd is environment-friendly and economical, toxic pesticide is not applied, pesticide residue is avoided, and the green and environment-friendly quality of broccoli is ensured.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention particularly provides a cultivation method for improving the glucoraphanin content in broccoli curd, which mainly comprises the following steps:
1) building a greenhouse, applying 1-1.5 tons of organic fertilizer per mu according to the soil fertility, applying 20-30 kilograms of potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15) per mu, and spraying bactericide and insecticide to disinfect and kill insects on the soil.
2) The seedlings are transplanted 25-30 days old and 20-10 months and 20 days old, the transplanted seedlings are sprayed with a bactericide and a pesticide to prevent and control plant diseases and insect pests before being transplanted, and the seedlings are cultivated according to the plant spacing of 40-50 cm, the row spacing of 60-65 cm and 2 rows of 1 bed.
3) Before closing the row, soil moisture content is combined, 10-20 kg of potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is applied to each mu of drip irrigation, and the current ball period management is as follows: spraying the nutrient solution A within 1 week before and after the ball appears, uniformly spraying 40-50L nutrient solution A per mu, spraying the nutrient solution B after 6-8 days, and spraying the nutrient solution C after 6-8 days (generally 2-4 days before harvesting).
4) Collecting the flower ball with a spherical surface diameter of 12-15 cm or before loosening
Wherein the nutrient solution A is: 1.0 to 2.0mM K2SO41.0-2.0 mM methionine, 1.0-2.0 mM cysteine, 10-20 g/L glucose, 1.0-2.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene, 100 μ M disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, adjusting pH to 6.8-7.3 with potassium hydroxide, 1 μ L/L Tween 80;
the nutrient solution B is as follows: 1.0 to 2.0mM K2SO41.0-2.0 mM methionine, 1.0-2.0 mM cysteine, 0.5-1.0 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, 10-20 g/L glucose, 2.0-4.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene, 100 μ M disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, and potassium hydroxideAdjusting the pH value to 6.8-7.3, and adjusting the concentration to 1 mul/L of Tween 80;
the nutrient solution C comprises: 4.0 to 5.0 μ L/L of 1-methylcyclopropene and 1.0 to 1.5 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine.
Pest control in the cultivation process: moth sex attractant and lamplight insect prevention method are adopted for insect pests such as diamondback moth, prodenia litura and cabbage caterpillar; in order to prevent diseases, the greenhouse is ventilated, and insect prevention nets are used for preventing insects.
Example 1
Takes the 'excellent' variety of the early-middle-maturing broccoli in Hangzhou of the implementation place as the material.
Standard plastic single-span greenhouse planting is selected, wherein the length of the greenhouse is 40 meters, the width of the greenhouse is 8 meters, and the height of the greenhouse is 3.1 meters, or a multi-span greenhouse is selected.
Sowing and transplanting time: 105 holes are used for tray seedling, seeding is carried out in 10 days in 9 months, and transplanting is carried out in 11 days in 10 months.
Soil treatment before transplantation: applying 1 ton of decomposed sheep manure per mu, 20 kg of Norway potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15), deeply ploughing, turning soil, ridging, and spraying the preemergence herbicide acetochlor.
Seedling treatment before transplanting: spraying methyl chlorfenapyr pesticide for preventing insect pests such as diamondback moth, prodenia litura and cabbage caterpillar 2 days before transplantation, and spraying on the same day of transplantation
And carbendazim bactericide for preventing diseases. Transplanting the seedlings at the age of 1 month, and watering thoroughly before transplanting.
The transplanting method comprises the following steps: the row spacing is 40 multiplied by 65 cm, 2 rows and 1 furrow; and (5) watering root fixing water after transplanting.
Managing before closing: and (5) applying 10 kilograms of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer to each mu of land by drip irrigation 25 days after transplanting.
Managing before the current ball: timely removing lateral branches, diseased leaves, residual leaves and yellow leaves; and (3) applying 1 kg of medium element-containing water-soluble fertilizer and 3 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer to each mu of land by drip irrigation 50 days after transplanting.
Managing the current ball period: spraying nutrient solution A water solution (1.0mM K) 2 days after the ball appearing2SO41.0mM methionine, 1.0mM cysteine, 10g/L glucose, 1.0. mu.l/L1-methylcyclopropene,100 mu M disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, adjusting the pH value to 7.0 by potassium hydroxide, 1 mu L/L Tween 80), uniformly spraying 40L per mu, spraying 40L of nutrient solution B aqueous solution (1.0 mu M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine and 2.0 mu L/L1-methylcyclopropene in the formula 1) after 7 days, and spraying 40L of nutrient solution C aqueous solution (4.0 mu L/L1-methylcyclopropene and 1.0 mu M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) after 6 days (about 4 days before harvesting).
Timely harvesting: the diameter of the ball surface of the flower ball is 12-15 cm, the weight of a single ball is about 450 g, and the flower ball is collected before loosening.
And (3) pest control: moth sex attractant, insect-killing lamp attraction and other insect-preventing methods are adopted for the insect pests such as diamondback moth, prodenia litura, cabbage caterpillar and the like; in order to prevent diseases, the greenhouse is ventilated, and insect prevention nets are used for preventing insects.
Example 2
The method is characterized in that broccoli 'green-male 90' which is a major cultivated variety of middle and late maturity in Hangzhou is taken as a material.
The procedure was as in example 1, except that:
managing before the current ball: the row spacing of the transplanted plants is 45 multiplied by 65 cm; applying 15 kilograms of potash-type compound fertilizer for the ballfield (N: P: K: 17:17:17) per mu by drip irrigation 25 days after transplanting; and (3) applying 1 kg of medium element-containing water-soluble fertilizer and 3 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer to each mu of land by drip irrigation 50 days after transplanting.
Managing the current ball period: the formula 1 aqueous solution (2.0mM K) is sprayed on the day of the current day2SO42.0mM methionine, 2.0mM cysteine, 20g/L glucose, 2.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene, 100 μ M disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, pH6.9 adjusted by potassium hydroxide, 1 μ L/L tween 80), 50L per mu of the mixture evenly sprayed, 50L of the aqueous solution of the formula 2 sprayed after 8 days (0.5 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine and 3.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene are added in the formula 1), and 50L of the aqueous solution of the formula 3 sprayed (5.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene and 1.5 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) after 7 days (about 3 days before harvest).
Example 3
The implementation place of Hangzhou is that the pure line 'DH 803' of the medium-maturing broccoli is taken as a material.
The procedure was as in example 1, except that:
managing before the current ball: the row spacing of the transplanted plants is 45 multiplied by 60 cm; applying 20 kilograms of Norwegian potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (N: P: K: 15:15:15) to each mu of land by drip irrigation 25 days after transplanting; and (3) applying 1 kg of medium element-containing water-soluble fertilizer and 5 kg of Norwegian potassium sulfate compound fertilizer to each mu of land by drip irrigation 50 days after transplanting.
Managing the current ball period: the formula 1 aqueous solution (1.5mM K) is sprayed on the ball for 2 days2SO41.5mM methionine, 1.5mM cysteine, 15.0g/L glucose, 1.5 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene, 100 μ M disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, pH7.1 adjusted by potassium hydroxide, 1 μ L/L tween 80, 50L per mu are uniformly sprayed, 50L of the aqueous solution of the formula 2 (1 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine and 3 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene are added in the formula 1) is sprayed after 7 days, and 50L of the aqueous solution of the formula 3 (4.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene and 1.0 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is sprayed after 7 days (about 3 days before harvesting).
Example 4
The results of comparing inventive examples 1-3 with conventional methods 1 and 2 are shown in Table 1.
The method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation before transplanting: applying base fertilizer 5-7 days before field planting, applying 1000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer (sheep manure), 25 kg of potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer and 1 kg of borax per mu according to soil fertility, deeply turning over for 30-35 cm, breaking soil blocks and leveling. The ridge is 1.2 meters wide and 20-25 centimeters high, and a drainage and irrigation ditch with the width of 30 centimeters and the depth of 20 centimeters is arranged around the ridge, so that the ridge is high, the ditches are communicated, and water accumulation in rainy days is prevented strictly. Before planting, acetochlor is used for preventing pre-emergence grass.
2) Transplanting: adopting 105-hole or 128-hole tray seedling, and the seedling age is 25-28 days. The permanent planting is preferably carried out 3 pm in a fine day or in a cloudy day. Planting 2 rows in each ridge, wherein the row spacing is 40 cm, and the row spacing is 60 cm.
3) And (4) water management, namely draining water in time after raining in the whole growing period and strictly preventing field water accumulation. But before and after closing the row and in the growth period of the flower ball, enough water should be kept.
4) Fertilizer management, namely topdressing is carried out for 3 times, the first topdressing is carried out after the survival plants, namely 10 days after field planting, and 10 kilograms of urea is applied to each mu in combination with intertillage; in the later growth period of the rosette leaves, 10 kg of potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer (N: P: K: 15:15:15) is applied for the second time, and the fertilizer is scattered beside the plants. And 5 kilograms of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is additionally applied in the initial stage of the current ball during the third additional fertilizer application.
5) Intertilling and weeding, namely weeding and intertilling for 1-2 times in time according to the conditions of weather, soil moisture, field weeds and the like after field planting and before the plants are sealed.
6) Harvesting, wherein the flower balls are generally harvested about 15 to 20 days after the flower balls appear.
The method 2 comprises the following steps:
planting in a greenhouse according to the method 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of sulforaphane in broccoli curd for different cultivation methods
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. The nutrient solution composition for improving the glucoraphanin content in broccoli balls is characterized by comprising a nutrient solution A, a nutrient solution B and a nutrient solution C;
the nutrient solution A comprises: 1.0 to 2.0mM K2SO41.0-2.0 mM methionine, 1.0-2.0 mM cysteine, 10-20 g/L glucose, 1.0-2.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene, 100 μ M disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, adjusting pH to 6.8-7.3 with potassium hydroxide, 1 μ L/L Tween 80;
the nutrient solution B comprises: 1.0 to 2.0mM K2SO41.0-2.0 mM methionine, 1.0-2.0 mM cysteine, 0.5-1.0 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, 10-20 g/L glucose, 2.0-4.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene, 100 μ M disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, adjusting pH to 6.8-7.3 with potassium hydroxide, 1 μ L/L Tween 80;
the nutrient solution C comprises: 4.0 to 5.0 μ L/L of 1-methylcyclopropene and 1.0 to 1.5 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine.
2. A cultivation method for improving the content of sulforaphane in broccoli curd is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) soil treatment
Respectively using an organic fertilizer and a compound fertilizer, wherein the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 1-1.5 tons/mu, and the compound fertilizer is a potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer and is 20-30 kilograms/mu;
2) transplanting, namely planting according to the plant spacing of 40-50 cm and the row spacing of 60-65 cm, 2 lines and 1 bed, and applying 10-20 kg of potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer per mu before closing the rows;
3) 0.5-2 kg of medium element water-soluble fertilizer is dripped per mu before the current balling, 40-50L of nutrient solution A is uniformly sprayed per mu within 1 week after the current balling, 6-8 days later, 40-50L/mu of nutrient solution B is sprayed per mu, and 2-4 days before harvesting, C40-50L/mu of nutrient solution is sprayed per mu;
the nutrient solution A comprises: 1.0 to 2.0mM K2SO41.0-2.0 mM methionine, 1.0-2.0 mM cysteine, 10-20 g/L glucose, 1.0-2.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene, 100 μ M disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, adjusting pH to 6.8-7.3 with potassium hydroxide, 1 μ L/L Tween 80;
the nutrient solution B comprises: 1.0 to 2.0mM K2SO41.0-2.0 mM methionine, 1.0-2.0 mM cysteine, 0.5-1.0 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, 10-20 g/L glucose, 2.0-4.0 μ L/L1-methylcyclopropene, 100 μ M disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, adjusting pH to 6.8-7.3 with potassium hydroxide, 1 μ L/L Tween 80;
the nutrient solution C comprises: 4.0-5.0 μ L/L of 1-methylcyclopropene, 1.0-1.5 μ M N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine;
4) the diameter of the ball surface of the flower ball is 12-15 cm, or the flower ball can be harvested before loosening.
3. The cultivation method for increasing the content of glucoraphanin in broccoli curd as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of N to P to K in the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is 15:15:15 or 17:17:17 or 18:9: 18.
4. The cultivation method for increasing the content of sulforaphane in broccoli bulbs according to claim 2, wherein N is not less than 150g/L, Ca + Mg is not less than 150g/L, and Cu + Fe + Mn + Zn + B is 3-5 g/L in the medium-element water-soluble fertilizer.
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| CN114931148A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-08-23 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Application of nanocarbon sol in improvement of content of aliphatic glucosinolates in broccoli curd |
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