CN111759997B - 一种治疗乳腺增生病的中药汤剂 - Google Patents

一种治疗乳腺增生病的中药汤剂 Download PDF

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CN111759997B
CN111759997B CN202010874759.8A CN202010874759A CN111759997B CN 111759997 B CN111759997 B CN 111759997B CN 202010874759 A CN202010874759 A CN 202010874759A CN 111759997 B CN111759997 B CN 111759997B
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赵艳
王艳艳
段浩博
段素社
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Abstract

一种治疗乳腺增生病的中药汤剂,属于乳癖治疗的中药制剂领域,按重量份数计,包括以下原料:老鹳草30份,柴胡10份,青皮10份,香附10份,川楝子10份,郁金10份,当归15份,益母草30份,山慈菇6份,百合30份,橘叶10份。每日1剂,分早、晚两次服用。本发明组方原则严谨明确,治疗效果显著,与乳癖消对照,有效率为95.6%,而乳癖消为73.3%。

Description

一种治疗乳腺增生病的中药汤剂
技术领域
本发明属于乳癖治疗的中药制剂领域,涉及一种治疗乳腺增生病的中药汤剂。
背景技术
乳腺增生病在中医称乳癖,本病好发于中青年妇女,育龄期女性本病发病率在70%左右,是乳腺癌的独立危险因素之一。目前应用于临床的药物种类繁多,但疗效各异,有些药物服用后出现不良反应,因此,进一步筛选疗效高,副作用小的药物是必要的。就《中医外科学》教科书而言,把乳腺增生分为两型:
1.肝郁痰凝证
证候:多见于青壮年妇女。乳房疼痛、肿块随喜怒消长,伴有胸闷胁胀,善郁易怒,失眠多梦,心烦口苦,苔薄黄,脉弦滑。
治法:疏肝解郁,化痰散结。
方药:逍遥蒌贝散加减。常用柴胡、当归、白芍、茯苓、白术、瓜蒌、贝母、半夏、制南星、生牡蛎、山慈菇。胸闷胁胀,善郁易怒者加川楝子、八月札、延胡索;失眠多梦,心烦口苦者加合欢皮、黄连。
2.冲任失调证
证候:多见于中年妇女。乳房疼痛、肿块月经前加重,经后缓减,伴有腰酸乏力,神疲倦怠,月经失调,量少色淡,或闭经,舌淡,苔白,脉沉细。
治法:调摄冲任,理气活血。
方药:二仙汤合四物汤加减。常用仙灵脾、仙茅、当归、黄柏、知母、熟地、川芎等。月经量少者加益母草、鸡血藤;经前乳痛明显者加柴胡、川楝子。
发明内容
本发明针对患者乳房疼痛、肿块随情绪变化消长的特点,把辨证论治改为辨病论治。针对肝气郁结形成的乳癖,治疗上遵循郁者达之,结着散之的原则,精选药物创新进行组方。
本发明为实现其目的采用的技术方案是:
一种治疗乳腺增生病的中药汤剂,按重量份数计,包括以下原料:老鹳草30份,柴胡10份,青皮10份,香附10份,川楝子10份,郁金10份,当归15份,益母草30份,山慈菇6份,百合30份,橘叶10份。每日1剂,分早、晚两次服用。
所述汤剂由下述方法制备:
(1)原料准备:鹳草30g,柴胡10g,青皮10g,香附10g,川楝子10g,郁金10g,当归15g,益母草30g,山慈菇6g,百合30g,橘叶10g;
(2)将原料用水浸泡1小时,控制煎药时水没过药物2厘米,自水沸腾时开始计时,煎煮30分钟,煎煮结束后,取出煎汁150ml,然后再次向煎锅中加水,控制水没过药物1厘米,进行二煎,自水沸腾时开始计时,二煎再煎20分钟,取出煎汁150ml,将两次的煎汁合并混匀。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明找准了乳腺增生病的基本病机,即肝气郁结,针对基本病机施治,切中靶点,真正实现了“将病对药,将药合病”,故起效甚捷。乳房疼痛症状三剂之内减轻,1周之内消失;随着疼痛的消失,乳房痞块2周内消失。为巩固疗效,一般用药四周。辨病中寓有辨证,针对乳腺增生症的基本病机避免了兼证对证型的干扰。
方中老鹳草通经络,柴胡“行肝经逆结之气”,宣畅气血,解郁调经,两药相须为用,共同发挥达郁散结之功。现代医学认为,乳腺增生是由雌激素水平较高,而孕激素水平较低,雌孕激素水平失衡,乳腺组织复旧不全所致。现在药理研究,老鹳草具有黄体酮样作用或有升高体内黄体酮水平的作用。由此可知,不管是从中医角度讲,还是从现代医学以及现代药理研究成果看,老鹳草、柴胡两药共为治疗乳腺增生症的主药最为贴切。青皮、香附、川楝子、郁金疏肝破气,辅助主药以疏肝解郁,当为辅药。香附通十二经脉及奇经八脉气分,通两胁、解诸郁。青皮破坚癥,散滞气;柴胡疏上焦肝气,青皮理下焦肝气。香附辅助老鹳草“通十二经诸气”,青皮辅助柴胡疏解肝气之郁结,用做辅药最为适宜。当归、益母草活血调经,且益母草“消乳痈”;山慈菇“清热散结”。乳腺增生之人,一为疼痛困扰,又担心是否癌变,多忧愁善感,神志恍惚,情绪不宁,用百合清心安神与当归、益母草共为佐药。橘叶有“行肝气,导胸膈逆气,消肿散毒,乳痈胁痛,用之引经”,当为使药。
本发明在组方时主药切中乳癖之病机,两主药与病机丝丝入扣,辅药协助主药发挥作用,各有专主。佐药根据疾病的特点协助主、辅药,使治疗作用得以加强和针对次证起治疗作用。使药为引经药。本发明组方原则严谨明确,治疗效果显著,与乳癖消对照,有效率为95.6%,而乳癖消为73.3%。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。
一、具体实施例
实施例1
老鹳草30g柴胡10g青皮10g香附10g川楝子10g郁金10g当归15g益母草30g百合30g橘叶10g山慈菇6g。每日1剂,分早、晚两次服用。
所述的汤剂由下述方法制备:
将原料用水浸泡1小时,控制煎药时水没过药物2厘米,自水沸腾时开始计时,煎煮30分钟,煎煮结束后,取出煎汁150ml,然后再次向煎锅中加水,控制水没过药物1厘米,进行二煎,自水沸腾时开始计时,二煎再煎20分钟,取出煎汁150ml,将两次的煎汁合并混匀。分两次早晚各服药一次,两次服药间隔8小时。
二、临床试验
1.临床资料自2018年6月至2020年1月间,石家庄长城中西医结合医院中医科门诊符合病例选择标准的乳腺增生患者90例,按随机数字表分为2组。治疗组(本发明中药汤剂)和对照组(乳癖消组)各45例。治疗组年龄在24~51岁,平均30.16岁,病程3个月~8年,平均2.9±1.2年;对照组年龄在24~50岁,平均年龄30.23岁,病程4个月~9年,平均2.8±0.7年,两组患者在年龄、病程资料比较差别无显著性(P>0.05)具有可比性。
2.诊断标准参照《外科学》有关乳腺增生症的诊断标准。(陈考平,汪建平.外科学[M].8版.北京.人民卫生出版社,2013.254-255)。
3.纳入标准(1)符合《外科学》乳腺增生症的诊断标准(2)年龄在18至55岁之间。
4.排除标准(1)妊娠期及哺乳期(2)乳腺炎、乳腺恶性肿瘤(3)服用所有激素类药物者(4)有严重的心肝肾疾患者(5)精神病患者。
5.治疗方法治疗组应用本发明中药汤剂药物组成即实施例1,分早晚两次温服。对照组用乳癖消片(辽宁好护士药业(集团)有限公司,国药准字Z20121823)一次6片,一日三次口服。两组均经期不停药,连用四周为一疗程。
6.观察指标中医证候积分:治疗4周后,记录2组中医证候积分,包括乳房疼痛积分,乳房肿块(大小、质地)积分。(1)乳房疼痛积分采用公认的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)疼痛评分标准。0分为无痛;1~3分为轻度疼痛,患者能忍受;4-6分为疼痛并影响睡眠,患者尚能忍受;7~10分为有渐强的疼痛感,患者疼痛难忍,影响食欲及睡眠。由患者本人将疼痛分级圈于相应的数字上。(2)乳房肿块大小评分。无肿块计0分;肿块长径≤1cm计1分;肿块长径>1cm,且≤2cm计2分;肿块长径>2cm计3分。(3)乳房肿块质地评分。无肿块计0分;肿块质尚软计1分;肿块质韧计2分;肿块质韧硬计3分。
7.疗效判定疗效判定参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》制定。(1)临床痊愈:治疗后乳房疼痛消失,乳房肿块消失,证候积分值为0;(2)显效:治疗后中医证候积分值减少≥70%,或肿块长径缩小一半以上;(3)进步:治疗后中医证候积分值减少≥30%且<70%,或肿块长径缩小三分之一以上;(4)无效:不符合以上标准者。总有效率=(临床痊愈+显效+进步)/总例数×100%。
8.治疗效果治疗后治疗组总有效率95.6%,对照组总有效率73.3%.两组对比差异有显著性(P<0.05),详见表1。
表1 2组临床疗效比较
Figure BDA0002652299630000061

Claims (2)

1.一种治疗乳腺增生病的中药汤剂,其特征在于,按重量份数计,由以下原料制成:老鹳草30份,柴胡10份,青皮10份,香附10份,川楝子10份,郁金10份,当归15份,益母草30份,山慈菇6份,百合30份,橘叶10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗乳腺增生病的中药汤剂,其特征在于,所述汤剂由下述方法制备:
(1)原料准备:老鹳草30g,柴胡10g,青皮10g,香附10g,川楝子10g,郁金10g,当归15g,益母草30g,山慈菇6g,百合30g,橘叶10g;
(2)将原料用水浸泡1小时,控制煎药时水没过药物2厘米,自水沸腾时开始计时,煎煮30分钟,煎煮结束后,取出煎汁150ml,然后再次向煎锅中加水,控制水没过药物1厘米,进行二煎,自水沸腾时开始计时,二煎再煎20分钟,取出煎汁150ml,将两次的煎汁合并混匀。
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