CN111758626A - Method for controlling development of in-vitro fertilized egg embryo of procambarus clarkii - Google Patents
Method for controlling development of in-vitro fertilized egg embryo of procambarus clarkii Download PDFInfo
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- CN111758626A CN111758626A CN202010602006.1A CN202010602006A CN111758626A CN 111758626 A CN111758626 A CN 111758626A CN 202010602006 A CN202010602006 A CN 202010602006A CN 111758626 A CN111758626 A CN 111758626A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for controlling the development of an in-vitro fertilized egg embryo of procambarus clarkii, belonging to the technical field of fry breeding of freshwater economic shrimps. The method comprises the steps of selecting and classifying the egg-carrying shrimps, then carrying out fertilized egg embryo in-vitro operation, and finally controlling the fertilized egg embryo development speed and process through artificial temperature control regulation. According to the invention, through the artificial regulation and control of the in vitro fertilized egg embryo development of the procambarus clarkia, the embryo development speed and process can be effectively and manually intervened, the planned, batched and industrialized controllable artificial breeding of the procambarus clarkia becomes possible, the breeding production efficiency is obviously improved compared with the conventional breeding mode, the artificial breeding and breeding mode of the procambarus clarkia is innovated, the anti-season production and balanced marketing can be realized in the mature procambarus clarkia breeding, and the upgrading development of the breeding and breeding mode of the procambarus clarkia is greatly promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for controlling the development of an in-vitro fertilized egg embryo of procambarus clarkii, belonging to the technical field of fry breeding of freshwater economic shrimps.
Background
Procambarus clarkii is commonly called freshwater crayfish, belongs to crawfish family of decapod order of leptinotara of class of crustacean of arthropoda, is native to North America, is introduced into China from Japan in 1929, is widely distributed in river ponds and various large water systems of China at present, and becomes an important economic variety for freshwater aquaculture and comprehensive breeding of rice and fisheries in China. With the increasing market consumption and export quantity of procambarus clarkii, the artificial breeding mode, especially the breeding mode of the rice shrimps, shows blowout type growth in recent years, the breeding scale and the yield are gradually enlarged, and therefore, the problem of high-quality and stable fry matching required by large-scale breeding is increasingly prominent. In addition, the non-uniformity of the finished product shrimps in the conventional culture mode, which are sold on the market seasonally and intensively (mainly concentrated in 5-7 months), greatly restricts the further sustainable development of the industry.
At present, procambarus clarkii fries are mainly bred in a self-breeding and self-breeding mode in a paddy field or a pond or are bred by outsourcing shrimp fries, the procambarus clarkii fries are small in innate egg holding amount, high in self-residual rate and low in fry transportation survival rate, so that the conventional breeding mode is low in yield, efficiency and benefit, for example, the procambarus clarkii fries only have tens of thousands of tails in the normal paddy field or pond, the yield is only about two and three hundred jin, the procambarus clarkii fries are only suitable for small-scale on-site breeding and cannot adapt to large-scale professional large-scale production, the procambarus clarkii fries do not have factory specialized nursery and fine breeding fields like river crabs and macrobrachium rosenbergii so far, the naturally bred fries are concentrated in 11 months in autumn and winter to 3 months in cave, the next time, the fries are required to come out after 3-4 months of spring beginning due to low temperature, and the fry supply and adult crayfish, Finished shrimps cannot be seen in the early spring market, few shrimps are available, but the price is high, the season limitation is prominent, and the price fluctuation is large.
The current industrialized and large-scale in-vitro breeding technical mode is still blank at present, so that the method for improving the yield and efficiency of artificial breeding breaks through the key link which is urgently needed to be solved by the sustainable development of the procambarus clarkii breeding industry in the conventional production mode such as the realization of out-of-season production and the balanced marketing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a method for controlling the development of the embryo of the in vitro fertilized egg of the procambarus clarkii. Through obtaining the shrimp of taking an egg in batches (purchase or special pond are cultivated), carry out the operation of taking an egg in vitro of shrimp embryonated egg embryo (artifical or chemical processing technique), through the embryonated egg embryo of low temperature preservation, then under controllable condition separation embryonated egg embryo development (special hatching development device equipment), realize taking an egg in particular the shrimp embryo development to hatching the controlization of the process of emerging, realize the procambarus clarkia industrialization of ke's, artificial production of growing seedlings out of season.
According to the technical scheme, the method for controlling the in-vitro fertilized egg embryo development of the procambarus clarkii comprises the steps of selecting and classifying the procambarus clarkii, then performing in-vitro operation on the fertilized egg embryo, and finally controlling the development speed and the development process of the fertilized egg embryo through manual temperature control regulation.
Further, when the egg-carrying shrimps are selected and classified, the collected egg-carrying shrimps are classified into 3 types according to the development degree of fertilized egg embryos: the first type is that the membrane is not broken, and the embryo color of the fertilized egg is grey white and translucent; the second type is that the membrane is not broken, and the embryo of the fertilized egg is black or brown; the third category is that abdominal fertilized eggs have ruptured membranes.
Further, the first and second egg-carrying shrimps are subjected to egg-removing in vitro operation by adopting an artificial or chemical egg-removing technology, and the third abdominal fertilized egg is subjected to membrane rupture, namely the egg-carrying shrimps directly enter a larva cultivation stage.
Further, the collected in vitro fertilized egg embryos are treated by aseptic disinfection and then enter a controllable constant temperature box, and the temperature control range of the constant temperature refrigerating box is-5-20 ℃.
Further, making corresponding temperature control plans for the in vitro fertilized egg embryos at different development stages according to the development speeds and the seedling production plans of the fertilized egg embryos at different water temperatures; the temperature is decreased gradually from the room temperature according to the water temperature of 2 ℃ every day, and the constant temperature is refrigerated and stored for 1 to 3 months after the temperature is decreased to the set water temperature.
Further, the temperature of the first kind of fertilized eggs is decreased gradually to 5-13 ℃ from room temperature to 2 ℃ every day; and (3) gradually reducing the temperature of the second class of fertilized eggs to 8-16 ℃ every day from room temperature according to the water temperature of 2 ℃, and storing in a constant-temperature refrigerating box respectively.
Furthermore, according to the breeding production plan of the procambarus clarkia, the temperature is increased gradually according to the water temperature of 1-2 ℃ every day from the water temperature set by the constant-temperature refrigerating box, and indoor artificial hatching and breeding are carried out after the temperature is increased to be connected with the set water temperature.
Further, the in vitro fertilized egg embryo development and incubation adopts special in vitro incubation equipment and a circulating water treatment process, and the incubation water temperature is gradually heated from room temperature to 25-30 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/day.
Further, the selection and classification of the egg-carrying shrimps are concentrated in 10-11 months.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has scientific and reasonable design, good facility conditions and strong operability. The method can perform planned regulation and control on the development and hatching of the in-vitro fertilized egg embryo of the procambarus clarkii by measures such as temperature control and the like, effectively prolong the breeding period of procambarus clarkii seedlings, prolong the seedling period from 10 months to 11 months in the conventional mode to 12 months to 3 months in the next year, and simultaneously remarkably improve the unit seedling yield. The factory seedling raising workshop occupies a small area, and the unit seedling raising yield and efficiency are obviously improved; the water for seedling cultivation is recycled through automatic treatment, the water consumption of each seedling cultivation unit system is only a few cubes, the water temperature and the water quality are automatically monitored and controlled accurately, and the controllability and the management efficiency are greatly improved. The invention can carry out artificial breeding production by planning steps, innovates an artificial breeding mode, can realize greenhouse culture in winter and early breeding production of fries, namely, can provide large-size early breeding fries in spring, thereby realizing anti-season breeding production of procambarus clarkia and balanced marketing of commercial shrimps, simultaneously carries out incubation and development of germ cells and embryos by a special in-vitro hatching device facility, greatly improves the synchronism and specification regularity of larva emergence, effectively reduces the self-mutilation rate in the fry breeding process, thereby improving the breeding rate of the fries, obviously improves the production benefit, and greatly promotes the breeding of the procambarus clarkia fries and the upgrading and development of the breeding mode.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Dividing the collected (cultured and selected) procambarus clarkia oviposition shrimps into 3 types according to the development degree of fertilized egg embryos in 10-11 months, wherein the first type does not rupture membranes, and the fertilized egg embryos are gray and translucent and are about to rupture membranes recently; the second kind is not broken, the fertilized egg embryo is black or brown in color, and the embryo needs to develop for a long time; the third category is that the fertilized egg in the abdomen has broken membrane to hold the young shrimp (directly enters the larva breeding stage).
Carrying out egg-removing and in-vitro operation on first and second kinds of oviferous shrimps respectively by adopting an artificial or chemical egg-removing technology, treating collected in-vitro fertilized egg embryos by measures such as aseptic disinfection and the like, then entering a controllable constant temperature box, making corresponding temperature control plans for the in-vitro fertilized egg embryos at different development stages according to a seedling production plan, namely, carrying out temperature reduction on the first kind of fertilized eggs to 12 +/-1 ℃ from room temperature according to the water temperature of 2 ℃ every day, carrying out temperature reduction on the second kind of fertilized eggs to 15 +/-1 ℃ from room temperature according to the water temperature of 2 ℃ every day, respectively storing the fertilized eggs in a constant temperature cold box, and carrying out works such as water changing, dead egg removing inspection and the like regularly.
According to the seedling production plan, the temperature of the water set in the constant-temperature refrigerator is gradually increased to the room temperature according to the temperature of 1-2 ℃ every day in 12 months. Adopting special hatching equipment to perform in-vitro fertilized egg embryo hatching development and circulating water treatment processes, gradually raising the temperature of hatching water to 25-30 ℃ according to 1-2 ℃ every day, and performing indoor industrial artificial hatching and seedling raising.
Example 2
Dividing the collected (cultured and selected) procambarus clarkia oviposition shrimps into 3 types according to the development degree of fertilized egg embryos in 10-11 months, wherein the first type does not rupture membranes, and the fertilized egg embryos are gray and translucent and are about to rupture membranes recently; the second kind is not broken, the fertilized egg embryo is black or brown in color, and the embryo needs to develop for a long time; the third category is that the fertilized egg in the abdomen has broken membrane to hold the young shrimp (directly enters the larva breeding stage).
Carrying out egg-removing and in-vitro operation on first and second kinds of oviferous shrimps respectively by adopting an artificial or chemical egg-removing technology, treating collected in-vitro fertilized egg embryos by measures such as aseptic disinfection and the like, then entering a controllable constant temperature box, making corresponding temperature control plans for the in-vitro fertilized egg embryos at different development stages according to a seedling production plan, namely, carrying out temperature reduction on the first kind of fertilized eggs to 9 +/-1 ℃ from room temperature according to the water temperature of 2 ℃ every day, carrying out temperature reduction on the second kind of fertilized eggs to 12 +/-1 ℃ from room temperature according to the water temperature of 2 ℃ every day, respectively storing the fertilized eggs in a constant temperature cold box, and carrying out works such as water changing, dead egg removing inspection and the like regularly.
According to the seedling production plan, the temperature of the water set in the constant-temperature refrigerator is gradually increased to the room temperature from 1 ℃ to 2 ℃ every day in 1 month. Adopting special hatching equipment to perform in-vitro fertilized egg embryo hatching development and circulating water treatment processes, gradually raising the temperature of hatching water to 25-30 ℃ according to 1-2 ℃ every day, and performing indoor industrial artificial hatching and seedling raising.
Example 3
Dividing the collected (cultured and selected) procambarus clarkia oviposition shrimps into 3 types according to the development degree of fertilized egg embryos in 10-11 months, wherein the first type does not rupture membranes, and the fertilized egg embryos are gray and translucent and are about to rupture membranes recently; the second kind is not broken, the fertilized egg embryo is black or brown in color, and the embryo needs to develop for a long time; the third category is that the fertilized egg in the abdomen has broken membrane to hold the young shrimp (directly enters the larva breeding stage).
Carrying out egg-removing and in-vitro operation on first and second kinds of oviferous shrimps respectively by adopting an artificial or chemical egg-removing technology, treating collected in-vitro fertilized egg embryos by measures such as aseptic disinfection and the like, then entering a controllable constant temperature box, making corresponding temperature control plans for the in-vitro fertilized egg embryos at different development stages according to a seedling production plan, namely, carrying out temperature reduction on the first kind of fertilized eggs to 6 +/-1 ℃ from room temperature according to the water temperature of 2 ℃ every day, carrying out temperature reduction on the second kind of fertilized eggs to 9 +/-1 ℃ from room temperature according to the water temperature of 2 ℃ every day, respectively storing the fertilized eggs in a constant temperature cold box, and carrying out works such as water changing, dead egg removing inspection and the like regularly.
According to the seedling production plan, the temperature of the water set in the constant-temperature refrigerator is gradually increased to the room temperature according to the temperature of 1-2 ℃ every day in 2 months. Adopting special hatching equipment to perform in-vitro fertilized egg embryo hatching development and circulating water treatment processes, gradually raising the temperature of hatching water to 25-30 ℃ according to 1-2 ℃ every day, and performing indoor industrial artificial hatching and seedling raising.
Claims (9)
1. A method for controlling the embryo development of the in vitro fertilized egg of procambarus clarkii is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of selecting and classifying the egg-carrying shrimps, then carrying out fertilized egg embryo in-vitro operation, and finally controlling the fertilized egg embryo development speed and process through artificial temperature control regulation.
2. The method for controlling the development of the embryo of the ex vivo fertilized egg of procambarus clarkii according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the oozing shrimps are selected and classified, the collected oozing shrimps are classified into 3 types according to the development degree of fertilized egg embryos: the first type is that the membrane is not broken, and the embryo color of the fertilized egg is grey white and translucent; the second type is that the membrane is not broken, and the embryo of the fertilized egg is black or brown; the third category is that abdominal fertilized eggs have ruptured membranes.
3. The method for controlling the development of the embryo of the ex vivo fertilized egg of procambarus clarkii according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first kind and the second kind of egg-carrying shrimps adopt an artificial or chemical egg-removing technology to carry out egg-removing in vitro operation, and the third kind of abdominal fertilized eggs break membranes, namely the egg-carrying shrimps directly enter a larva cultivation stage.
4. The method for controlling the development of the embryo of the ex vivo fertilized egg of procambarus clarkii according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) treating the collected in-vitro fertilized egg embryos by aseptic disinfection measures, and then putting the treated in-vitro fertilized egg embryos into a controllable constant temperature box, wherein the temperature control range of the constant temperature refrigerator is-5-20 ℃.
5. The method for controlling the development of the embryo of the ex vivo fertilized egg of procambarus clarkii according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: making corresponding temperature control plans for in vitro fertilized egg embryos at different development stages according to the fertilized egg embryo development speeds at different water temperatures and the seedling production plan; the temperature is decreased gradually from the room temperature according to the water temperature of 2 ℃ every day, and the constant temperature is refrigerated and stored for 1 to 3 months after the temperature is decreased to the set water temperature.
6. The method for controlling the development of the embryo of the ex vivo fertilized egg of procambarus clarkii according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: gradually reducing the temperature of the first kind of fertilized eggs from room temperature to 5-13 ℃ according to the water temperature of 2 ℃ every day; and (3) gradually reducing the temperature of the second class of fertilized eggs to 8-16 ℃ every day from room temperature according to the water temperature of 2 ℃, and storing in a constant-temperature refrigerating box respectively.
7. The method for controlling the development of the embryo of the ex vivo fertilized egg of procambarus clarkii according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: according to the breeding production plan of the procambarus clarkia, the temperature is increased gradually according to the water temperature of 1-2 ℃ every day from the water temperature set by the constant-temperature refrigerating box, and indoor artificial hatching and breeding are carried out after the temperature is increased to be connected with the set water temperature.
8. The method for controlling the development of the embryo of the ex vivo fertilized egg of procambarus clarkii according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the in vitro fertilized egg embryo development and incubation adopts special in vitro incubation equipment and a circulating water treatment process, and the incubation water temperature is gradually heated from room temperature to 25-30 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/day.
9. The method for controlling the development of the embryo of the ex vivo fertilized egg of procambarus clarkii according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the selection and classification of the egg-carrying shrimps are concentrated in 10-11 months.
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| CN110326568A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-10-15 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of Procambius clarkii early stage shrimp ovum in-vitro breeding method |
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2020
- 2020-06-29 CN CN202010602006.1A patent/CN111758626A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030070624A1 (en) * | 2001-03-16 | 2003-04-17 | Yonathan Zohar | Process for culturing crabs in recirculating marine aquaculture systems |
| CN101213950A (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2008-07-09 | 淮阴师范学院 | Procambarus clarki ovum in-vitro breeding technique |
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