CN111741860A - 轮胎传感器安装系统和方法 - Google Patents

轮胎传感器安装系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN111741860A
CN111741860A CN201980014067.1A CN201980014067A CN111741860A CN 111741860 A CN111741860 A CN 111741860A CN 201980014067 A CN201980014067 A CN 201980014067A CN 111741860 A CN111741860 A CN 111741860A
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sensor
tire
tyre
laser
automatically
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B·A·克拉克
D·G·斯特蒂夫
L·J·劳森
J·J·希克斯
C·M·布利纳
A·W·皮尔斯
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Android Industries LLC
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Android Industries LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

总体上公开了一种用于将传感器(10)安装到轮胎(T)的内表面(TSI)上的方法。该方法包括对轮胎(T)的内表面(TSI)的至少一部分进行自动抛光，限定预处理表面(32)。传感器(10)被自动选择，并且传感器(10)的目标表面(12)被清洁。粘合剂(52)被施加到传感器(10)的目标表面(12)的至少一部分。在一些实施例中，粘合剂(52)被施加到预处理表面(32)的一部分。传感器(10)被自动定位，其中传感器(10)的目标表面(12)抵接预处理表面(32)。执行浸湿操作，其中预定压力被施加到传感器(10)持续预定时间段，以将传感器(10)附接到预处理表面(32)。

Description

轮胎传感器安装系统和方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本专利申请根据35 U.S.C.§119(e)要求2018年2月19日提交的美国临时申请62/632,290的优先权。该在先申请的公开内容被认为是该申请的公开内容的一部分，并以全文引用的方式并入到本文中。
技术领域
本公开涉及一种用于将传感器安装到轮胎内表面上的系统和方法。
背景技术
监测轮胎气压以确保轮胎充气至适当的气压可能很重要。充气至适当气压的轮胎可表现出更高的性能和安全性。为此，为轮胎安装压力感测装置(例如，安装在轮胎的内表面上)可能是有利的。可能存在有利地具有自动化过程的应用，其中轮胎内表面的一部分和传感器的底表面被预处理，并且随后，传感器被牢固地安装到轮胎的内表面上。
附图说明
现在将参考附图以举例说明的方式来描述本公开，其中:
图1A是示例性轮胎的俯视图。
图1B是根据图1A的1B-1B线的轮胎截面图。
图1C是图1A轮胎的侧视图。
图1D是图1A轮胎的仰视图。
图2是示例性轮胎的透视图，在示例性轮胎内表面上安装有传感器。
图3是示例性传感器的透视图。
图4A示出了根据本公开示例性实施例的通过激光器对轮胎内表面抛光(deglazing)的方法的透视图。
图4B示出了根据本公开示例性实施例的用于通过机械刷对轮胎内表面抛光的方法的透视图。
图4C示出了根据本公开示例性实施例的用于通过化学擦拭物对轮胎内表面抛光的方法的透视图。
图5A示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于选择传感器的方法的透视图。
图5B示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于清洁传感器底表面的方法的透视图。
图5C示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于将粘合剂施加到传感器的方法的透视图。
图6示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于将粘合剂施加到轮胎内表面的方法的透视图。
图7示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于执行浸湿操作的方法的透视图。
图8是示例性轮胎的透视图，在示例性轮胎内表面上安装有传感器。
在所有附图中，相对应的附图标记表示相应的部分。
发明内容
本公开的一个方面提供了一种用于将传感器安装到轮胎内表面上的方法。该方法包括对轮胎内表面的至少一部分自动(robotically)抛光，限定预处理表面，自动选择传感器，清洁传感器的目标表面，将粘合剂施加到传感器的目标表面的至少一部分，自动定位传感器，其中传感器的目标表面抵接预处理表面，以及执行浸湿操作，其中预定压力施加到传感器持续预定时间段，以将传感器附接到预处理表面。
本公开的实施方式可以包括以下可选特征中的一个或多个。在一些示例中，轮胎内表面的至少一部分通过激光器自动抛光。激光器可以在大约1040纳米和1200纳米之间的波长下操作。激光器可以提供高达大约130瓦的输出，其中最大脉冲能量小于大约2.0毫焦耳，重复频率范围从大约1千赫到1000千赫，脉冲持续时间范围从大约1纳秒到500纳秒。
在一些示例中，轮胎内表面的至少一部分通过机械刷自动抛光。
在一些示例中，轮胎内表面的至少一部分通过化学擦拭物自动抛光。
在一些示例中，目标表面是传感器的底表面。
本公开的一个方面提供了一种用于将传感器安装到轮胎内表面上的方法。该方法包括将轮胎内表面的至少一部分自动抛光，限定预处理表面，将粘合剂自动施加到预处理表面的至少一部分，自动地选择传感器，清洁传感器的目标表面，自动地定位传感器，其中传感器的目标表面抵接预处理表面，以及执行浸湿操作，其中预定压力被施加到传感器持续预定时间段以将传感器附接到预处理表面。
本公开的实施方式可以包括以下可选特征中的一个或多个。在一些示例中，轮胎内表面的至少一部分通过激光器自动抛光。激光器可以在大约1040纳米与1200纳米之间的波长下操作。激光器可以提供高达大约130瓦的输出，其中最大脉冲能量小于大约2.0毫焦耳，重复频率范围从大约1千赫到1000千赫，脉冲持续时间范围从大约1纳秒到500纳秒。
在一些示例中，轮胎内表面的至少一部分通过机械刷自动抛光。
在一些示例中，轮胎内表面的至少一部分通过化学擦拭物自动抛光。
在一些示例中，目标表面是传感器的底表面。
在附图和以下描述中阐述了本公开的一个或多个实施方式的细节。从说明书和附图以及权利要求书中，其它方面、特征和优点将变得明显。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例配置。提供示例配置使得本公开将是全面的，并且将向本领域普通技术人员充分传达本公开的范围。阐述了特定细节，例如特定部件、装置和方法的示例，以提供对本公开的配置的全面理解。对于本领域普通技术人员来说，显而易见的是，不需要采用特定的细节，示例性配置可以以许多不同的形式实施，并且特定的细节和示例性配置不应被解释为限制本公开的范围。
这里使用的术语仅仅是为了描述特定的示例性配置，而不是为了限制。如这里所使用的，单数冠词“一个”和“该”也可以意在包括复数形式，除非上下文清楚地另有指示。术语“包括”、“包含”、“含有”和“具有”是包含性的，因此指定了特征、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件的存在，但是不排除一个或多个其他特征、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或其组的存在或添加。这里描述的方法步骤、过程和操作不应被解释为必须要求它们以所讨论或示出的特定顺序执行，除非被具体标识为执行顺序。可以采用附加的或替代的步骤。
当一个元件或层被称为“在另一个元件或层上”、“接合到”、“连接到”、“附连到”或“联接到”另一个元件或层时，它可以直接在另一个元件或层上、接合到、连接到、附连到或联接到另一个元件或层，或者可以存在中间元件或层。相反，当一个元件被称为“直接在另一个元件或层上”、“直接接合到”、“直接连接到”、“直接附连到”或“直接联接到”另一个元件或层时，可能不存在中间元件或层。用于描述元件之间关系的其他词语应该以类似的方式解释(例如，“在……之间”对“直接在……之间”、“相邻”对“直接相邻”等)。如这里所使用的，术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关列出项目的任何和所有组合。
第一、第二、第三等等的术语在此可用于描述各种元件、部件、区域、层和/或部段。这些元件、部件、区域、层和/或部段不应受这些术语的限制。这些术语仅用于将一个元件、部件、区域、层或部段与另一个区域、层或部段区分开来。诸如“第一”、“第二”和其他数字术语的术语并不意味着顺序或次序，除非上下文明确指出。因此，在不脱离示例配置的教导的情况下，下面讨论的第一元件、第一部件、第一区域、第一层或第一部段可以被称为第二元件、第二部件、第二区域、第二层或第二部段。
附图示出了用于将传感器安装在轮胎内表面上的系统和方法的示例性实施方式。基于以上所述，应当一般地理解，这里使用的命名法仅仅是为了方便，并且用于描述本公开的术语应当由本领域普通技术人员给予最广泛的含义。
在描述本公开的实施例之前，参考图1A-1D，其示出了示例性轮胎T。在本公开中，可以参考轮胎T的“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”和“侧”；尽管这种命名法可用于描述轮胎T的特定部分或方面，但由于轮胎T相对于支撑轮胎T的结构的取向，这种命名法可被采用。因此，上述命名法不应用于限制所要求保护的公开的范围，而是在此用于描述本公开的实施例的示例性目的。
在一个实施例中，轮胎T包括上侧壁TSU(参见，例如，图1A)、下侧壁TSL(参见，例如，图1D)和将上侧壁TSU联结到下侧壁TSL的胎面表面TT(参见，例如，图1B-1C)。参考图1B，上侧壁TSU可以从胎面表面TT上升到一个峰值，并且随后以一定斜率下降，以终止于并形成周向上胎圈，TBU；类似地，下侧壁TSL可以从胎面表面TT上升到一个峰值，随后以一定斜率下降，以终止于并形成周向下胎圈TBL。
如图1B所示，当轮胎T处于松弛、未偏压状态时，上胎圈TBU形成圆形的上轮胎开口TOU；类似地，当轮胎T处于松弛、未偏压状态时，下胎圈TBL形成圆形的下轮胎开口TOL。应当理解，当外力施加到轮胎T上时，轮胎T可以被物理地操纵，并且结果，上轮胎开口TOU和下轮胎开口TOL中的一个或多个可以被临时变形，使得上轮胎开口TOU和下轮胎开口TOL中的一个或多个不是完全圆形的，而是例如可以被操纵成包括椭圆形。
参考图1A和1D，当处于松弛、未偏压状态时，上轮胎开口TOU和下轮胎开口TOL中的每一个分别形成上轮胎开口直径TOU-D和下轮胎开口直径TOL-D。此外，如图1A和1D所示，当处于松弛、未偏压状态时，上侧壁TSU和下侧壁TSL限定轮胎T以包括轮胎直径TD。
参照图1A、1B和1D，轮胎T还包括通道TP。通过上轮胎开口TOU和下轮胎开口TOL中的任何一个都允许进入通道TP。参考图1B，当轮胎T处于松弛、未偏压状态时，上轮胎开口TOU和下轮胎开口TOL限定通道TP以包括直径TP-D。轮胎T包括与通道TP连通的周向空气腔TAC。
参照图1C，轮胎T相对于支撑构件S示出；提供支撑构件S(以虚线示出)是为了建立轮胎T的“左”部分和“右”部分的参照系。在图1C中，轮胎T被布置在“非滚动”取向，使得胎面表面TT不邻近虚线的支撑构件S设置，而是下侧壁TSL邻近虚线的支撑构件S设置。中心分割线DL将轮胎T的“非滚动”取向均等地分成两半，以便大致指示轮胎T的“左”部分和轮胎T的“右”部分。
如上文所讨论，参考轮胎T的若干直径TP-D、TOU-D、TOL-D。根据几何理论，直径穿过圆的中心，或者，在本公开中，穿过轮胎T的轴向中心，该轴向中心可替代地被称为轮胎T的旋转轴线。几何理论还包括弦的概念，弦是其端点都位于圆的圆周上的线段；根据几何理论，直径是圆的最长弦。
在下面的描述中，轮胎T可以相对于结构移动；因此，在一些情况下，为了描述本公开的实施例，可以参考轮胎T的弦。参考图1A，轮胎T的几个弦一般地显示在TC1、TC2(即，轮胎直径TD)和TC3。
弦TC1可以被称为“左”轮胎弦。弦TC3可以被称为“右”轮胎弦。弦TC2可以等于轮胎直径TD，并被称为“中心”弦。左轮胎弦TC1和右轮胎弦TC3都包括小于中心弦TC2(轮胎直径TD)的几何形状。
为了参考左弦TC1和右弦TC3的位置，参考左轮胎切线TTAN-L和右轮胎切线TTAN-R。左弦TC1与左轮胎切线TTAN-L间隔大约轮胎直径TD的四分之一(1/4)。右弦TC3与右轮胎切线TTAN-R间隔大约轮胎直径TD的四分之一(1/4)。左轮胎弦TC1和右轮胎弦TC3中的每一个可以与中心弦TC2间隔大约轮胎直径TD的四分之一(1/4)。上述参考轮胎直径TD的间距是示例性的，不应该将本公开的范围限制在大约四分之一(1/4)的比例；因此，根据需要，可以限定其他比率。
此外，如将在以下公开中描述的，轮胎T可以相对于结构移动。参照图1C，该移动可以用箭头U表示向上移动，或者用箭头D表示向下移动。此外，该移动可以用箭头L表示向左或向后移动，或者用箭头R表示向右或向前移动。
参照图2，轮胎T可以包括与胎面表面TT相对的内表面TSI。如将变得明显的，传感器10可被附接到轮胎T的内表面TSI。传感器10可包括抵接并附接到轮胎T的内表面TSI的目标表面。在一些实施方式中，目标表面是传感器10的底表面12。在另一些实施方式中，目标表面是传感器10的任何合适的表面或部分。
传感器10可以是车辆轮胎压力监测系统(TPMS)的一部分，以向车辆提供多个数据。该多个数据可以包括压力、温度、转速等。在一些实施方式中，传感器10与控制模块有线或无线通信。控制模块可以与车辆仪表板有线或无线通信，以基于传感器10收集的数据向车辆驾驶员提供信息。提供给驾驶员的信息可以经由指示灯、发光二极管显示器等显示，信息可以包括压力、温度、转速等。
参考图4A-7，总体示出了传感器安装模块20。传感器安装模块20包括具有臂24的机器人22。臂24可以包括铰链26和端部执行器28。机器人22可以是任何合适的机器人，例如笛卡尔机器人、关节型机器人、6轴线机器人、冗余型机器人或双臂机器人。铰链26可以允许机器人22的臂24枢转或旋转，以增加机器人22的定向能力。如下文更详细描述的，端部执行器28能够直接或间接地执行多个过程，包括将轮胎T的一部分抛光、将粘合剂施加到轮胎T和传感器10中的一个、以及抓取和移动传感器10。
如图4A-4C所示，传感器安装模块20包括处理工位30，在该处理工位30处，轮胎T的内表面TSI的至少一部分被清洁或抛光，以限定并产生预处理表面32，从而使预处理表面32处的内表面TSI的粘附特性最大化。在一些实施方式中，预处理表面32具有至少40毫米的长度和至少40毫米的宽度。在一些实施方式中，预处理表面32具有半径至少为20毫米的大致圆形形状。在其他实施方式中，预处理表面32可以具有任何合适的尺寸和形状。
参考图4A，处理工位30可以包括激光器34。在一些实施方式中，机器人22的端部执行器28可以被配置成接收和操纵激光器34。在另一些实施方式中，端部执行器28可以与激光器34一体形成或者由激光器34代替。激光器34可以被配置成清洁轮胎T的内表面TSI的至少一部分或使轮胎T的内表面TSI的至少一部分抛光，以限定和产生预处理表面32。在一些示例中，可以有两个或更多个激光器34来限定和产生两个或更多个离散的预处理表面32。在一些示例中，激光器34可以是在1040纳米和1200纳米之间的波长下操作的60瓦Q开关光纤激光器。激光器34可以被配置为提供高达130瓦的输出，其中最大脉冲能量小于2.0毫焦耳，重复频率范围从1千赫到1000千赫，脉冲持续时间范围从1纳秒到500纳秒。替代地，激光器34可以在任何合适的参数和条件下操作。在一些示例中，通过操纵脉冲速率、频率、功率和激光方向中的至少一个，轮胎10的内表面1在抛光步骤期间仅经历可忽略的温度升高。
参照图4B，处理工位30可以包括化学擦拭物36。在一些实施方式中，机器人22的端部执行器28可以被配置成接纳和操纵化学擦拭物36。在其他实施方式中，端部执行器28可以与化学擦拭物36一体形成或者由化学擦拭物36代替。化学擦拭物36可被配置成清洁或抛光轮胎T的内表面TSI的至少一部分，以限定和产生预处理表面32。在一些示例中，可以有两个或更多化学擦拭物36来限定和产生两个或更多离散的预处理表面32。化学擦拭物36可由任何合适的组合物形成，例如一种或多种有机溶剂的组合、一种或多种无机溶剂的组合、有砂砾的肥皂、无砂砾的肥皂等。
参照图4C，处理工位30可以包括机械刷38。在一些实施方式中，机器人22的端部执行器28可以被配置成接收和操纵机械刷38。在另一些实施方式中，端部执行器28可以与机械刷38一体形成或者由机械刷38代替。机械刷38可被配置成清洁轮胎T的内表面TSI的至少一部分或使轮胎T的内表面TSI的至少一部分抛光，以限定和产生预处理表面32。在一些示例中，可以有两个或更多个机械刷38来限定和产生两个或更多个离散的预处理表面32。机械刷38可包括可接合轮胎T的内表面TSI的多个刷毛40。刷毛40可由任何合适的(一种或多种)材料形成，例如尼龙、钢、黄铜等。
参照图4A-4C，处理工位30可包括排气系统42，该排气系统42具有选择性地设置在轮胎T的空气腔TAC内的喷嘴44。喷嘴44可在从轮胎胎圈TBU、TBL向内的缩回位置与延伸位置之间移动，由此喷嘴44设置在气腔TAC内。在延伸位置，喷嘴44可邻近预处理表面32设置，由此喷嘴44被配置成移除由对轮胎T内表面TSI清洁和抛光产生的烟气和碎屑。喷嘴44可铰接，以帮助将喷嘴44定位在预处理表面32附近。
参考图5A-8，传感器安装模块20可以包括安装工位46。在一些实施方式中，轮胎T从处理工位30移动到安装工位46。在其他实施方式中，轮胎T可以保持静止，并且机器人22，例如端部执行器28，可以适应从处理工位30到安装工位46的变化。
参照图5A，机器人22可以选择要安装的传感器10，并使用端部执行器28抓住传感器10。例如，端部执行器28可以抓住传感器10，使得底表面12暴露。
参考图5B，安装工位46可以包括抛光器子工位48和粘合剂子工位50。在选择传感器10之后，机器人22可以将传感器10移动到抛光器工位48，在抛光器工位48，可以清洁传感器10的目标表面(例如，底表面12)或使传感器10的目标表面(例如，底表面12)抛光，以最大化底表面12的粘附特性。底表面12可以以任何合适的方式清洁或抛光，例如，以上述任何方式，即激光器、化学擦拭物或机械刷。
如图5C所示，机器人22可以将传感器10从抛光器子工位48移动到粘合剂子工位50，在粘合剂子工位50处，粘合剂52可以被施加到传感器10的底表面12。粘合剂52可以是任何合适的粘合剂，例如甲基丙烯酸酯、氰基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂等。
作为施加到传感器10的底表面12的粘合剂52的补充或替代，粘合剂52可以施加到预处理表面32的至少一部分，如图6所示。在一些实施方式中，机器人22的端部执行器28可以被配置成接收和操纵粘合剂施加器54。在其他实施方式中，端部执行器28可以与粘合剂施加器54一体形成或者由粘合剂施加器54代替。粘合剂施加器54可以被配置成将粘合剂52施加到预处理表面32的至少一部分。
参考图7，机器人22可以定位传感器10，使得传感器10的目标表面，例如底表面12，抵接预处理表面32。然后，可以执行浸湿操作。在浸湿操作期间，机器人22最初可以通过以摇摆和旋转的方式移动传感器10来操纵传感器10，同时传感器10与预处理表面32持续接触。这种操纵可以迫使粘合剂52散开，以使其覆盖面积最大化。随后，机器人22可以在预定的持续时间内向传感器10施加连续的预定压力。预定压力可以是任何合适的压力，例如高达100牛顿、至少100牛顿等。预定的持续时间可以是任何合适的持续时间，例如高达一分钟、至少一分钟等。在浸湿操作完成后，传感器10的底表面12可以牢固地附接到预处理表面32上。
参照图8，在传感器10已经牢固地安装到轮胎T的预处理表面32上之后，端部执行器28可以释放传感器10，并且机器人22可以缩回并退出轮胎T的通道TP。
已经描述了许多实施方式。然而，应当理解，在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下，可以进行各种修改。因此，其他实施方式在以下权利要求的范围内。例如，权利要求中列举的动作可以以不同的顺序执行，并且仍然获得期望的结果。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于将传感器(10)安装到轮胎(T)的内表面(TSI)上的方法，包括:
对所述轮胎(T)的内表面(TSI)的至少一部分进行自动抛光，以限定预处理表面(32)；
自动选择传感器(10)；
清洁所述传感器(10)的目标表面(12)；
将粘合剂(52)施加到所述传感器(10)的所述目标表面(12)的至少一部分；
自动定位所述传感器(10)，其中所述传感器(10)的所述目标表面(12)抵接所述预处理表面(32)；和
执行浸湿操作，其中预定压力被施加到所述传感器(10)持续预定时间段，以将所述传感器(10)附接到所述预处理表面(32)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述轮胎(T)的所述内表面(TSI)的至少一部分通过激光器(34)自动抛光。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中所述激光器(34)在大约1040纳米和1200纳米之间的波长下操作。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中所述激光器(34)提供高达约130瓦的输出，最大脉冲能量小于约2.0毫焦耳，重复频率在约1千赫至1000千赫的范围内，脉冲持续时间在约1纳秒至500纳秒的范围内。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述轮胎(T)的内表面(TSI)的至少一部分通过机械刷(36)自动抛光。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述轮胎(T)的内表面(TSI)的至少一部分通过化学擦拭物(36)自动抛光。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述目标表面(12)是所述传感器(10)的底表面(12)。
8.一种用于将传感器(10)安装到轮胎(T)的内表面(TSI)上的方法，包括:
对所述轮胎(T)的所述内表面(TSI)的至少一部分进行自动抛光，以限定预处理表面(32)；
将粘合剂(52)自动施加到所述预处理表面(32)的至少一部分；
自动选择传感器(10)；
清洁所述传感器(10)的目标表面(12)；
自动定位所述传感器(10)，其中所述传感器(10)的目标表面(12)抵接所述预处理表面(32)；和
执行浸湿操作，其中预定压力被施加到传感器(10)持续预定时间段，以将所述传感器(10)附接到所述预处理表面(32)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述轮胎(T)的所述内表面(TSI)的至少一部分通过激光器(34)自动抛光。
10.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中所述激光器(34)在约1040纳米与1200纳米之间的波长下操作。
11.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中所述激光器(34)提供高达约130瓦的输出，最大脉冲能量小于约2.0毫焦耳，重复频率在约1千赫至1000千赫的范围内，脉冲持续时间在约1纳秒至500纳秒的范围内。
12.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述轮胎(T)的所述内表面(TSI)的至少一部分通过机械刷(38)自动抛光。
13.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述轮胎(T)的内表面(TSI)的至少一部分通过化学擦拭物(36)自动抛光。
14.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中所述目标表面(12)是所述传感器(10)的底表面(12)。
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