CN111727913A - Breeding method of red tilapia - Google Patents
Breeding method of red tilapia Download PDFInfo
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- CN111727913A CN111727913A CN202010573963.6A CN202010573963A CN111727913A CN 111727913 A CN111727913 A CN 111727913A CN 202010573963 A CN202010573963 A CN 202010573963A CN 111727913 A CN111727913 A CN 111727913A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic product breeding, in particular to a breeding method of red tilapia. According to the invention, through researching the absorption and utilization of fat and the tolerance of different types of fat of the red tilapia, and breeding the red tilapia, the bred red tilapia has good absorption and utilization of the fat, can fully absorb and utilize both animal fat and vegetable fat, does not increase the burden of organs of the tilapia, does not influence the health of the tilapia, can grow rapidly when eating high-fat feed, can stably absorb and utilize the fat in the feed, has a high growth speed, and has good economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic product breeding, in particular to a breeding method of red tilapia.
Background
Cichlidae of Pacific family, Tilapia (also called Pacific, Pagrosomus), and RedTimpa, the scientific name, are mutants of the cross between Nile Tilapia and Mornebic Tilapia, and the fish body is red, called red Tilapia. The red sea bream also has pure red body color, is similar to a genuine sea bream, has no black membrane in a body cavity, fresh and tender meat quality, quick growth, high yield and good benefit, and is very popular with consumers.
The current research shows that various influences of different oils on the growth of fishes are mainly caused by different fatty acid compositions of the oils, different fishes have different digestion and absorption capacities on the same oil, the growth performance of red tilapia can be improved by adding the oils into the feed, but the absorption and utilization degrees of different red tilapia on the oils are different, even though the red tilapia of the same species have individual differences and cannot be fully utilized frequently, the oils added into the feed can cause the viscera burden of the red tilapia to be increased, so that the health problem is caused, and the economic benefit of the red tilapia culture is influenced.
Therefore, it is urgent to find a breeding method of red tilapia which can stably absorb and utilize grease, has a fast growth speed and good economic benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a breeding method of red tilapia, which is realized by the following technical scheme:
a breeding method of red tilapia comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and feeding red tilapia fries of different body types, and selecting large fries for continuous feeding after feeding for a period of time;
(2) feeding the red tilapia fries selected in the step (1) by using a mixed grease feed, and selecting healthy and big-sized fries;
(3) carrying out mixed selfing breeding on the red tilapia fries selected in the step (2), and collecting the fries;
(4) averagely dividing the red tilapia fries obtained in the step (3) into A, B groups, feeding the group A by using vegetable oil feed, feeding the group B by using animal oil feed, and respectively selecting healthy and big tilapia fries;
(5) hybridizing the group A fries selected in the step (4) with the group B fries, and incubating the fries;
(6) feeding the red tilapia fries hatched in the step (5) by using mixed grease feed, and selecting healthy fries with large heads;
(7) and (4) carrying out stable selfing breeding on the fry obtained in the step (6).
Preferably, the red tilapia mossambica with different body types comprises nilo non-fish type, ornio non-fish type and mossambicus type.
Preferably, in the step (1), the fry with large head is selected, and specifically, 40% of the fry with large body size is selected from all the fries.
Preferably, healthy and big fish fries are selected, and particularly, 40% of fish fries with larger body types are selected from all healthy fish fries.
Preferably, the mixed oil feed is composed of the following raw materials: 5 parts of fish meal, 35 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of alpha-starch, 20 parts of flour, 0.1 part of choline, 1.5 parts of compound mineral, 0.5 part of compound vitamin, 0.2 part of salt, 1.3 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 8 parts of fish oil, 4 parts of lard and 6 parts of soybean oil.
Preferably, the vegetable fat feed is prepared from the following raw materials: 5 parts of fish meal, 35 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of alpha-starch, 20 parts of flour, 0.1 part of choline, 1.5 parts of compound mineral, 0.5 part of compound vitamin, 0.2 part of salt, 1.3 parts of monocalcium phosphate and 20 parts of soybean oil.
Preferably, the animal fat feed is composed of the following raw materials: 5 parts of fish meal, 35 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of alpha-starch, 20 parts of flour, 0.1 part of choline, 1.5 parts of compound mineral, 0.5 part of compound vitamin, 0.2 part of salt, 1.3 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 10 parts of fish oil and 6 parts of lard.
Preferably, the stable selfing breeding is 2-3 generations of selfing breeding.
Preferably, the selfing breeding is carried out for 2-3 generations, mixed oil feed is used for feeding every breeding in the selfing breeding process, and healthy and big fries are selected for next-generation selfing breeding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:
according to the invention, through researching the absorption and utilization of fat and the tolerance of different types of fat of the red tilapia, and breeding the red tilapia, the bred red tilapia has good absorption and utilization of the fat, can fully absorb and utilize both animal fat and vegetable fat, does not increase the burden of organs of the tilapia, does not influence the health of the tilapia, can grow rapidly when eating high-fat feed, can stably absorb and utilize the fat in the feed, has a high growth speed, and has good economic benefits.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further defined below with reference to the specific embodiments, but the scope of the claims is not limited to the description.
Example 1
(1) Mixing 1000 fish fries of red tilapia of nilotica type, tilapia type and mossambicus type, feeding for a period of time, selecting 40% of fish fries with larger body size, and continuously feeding;
(2) feeding the red tilapia fries selected in the step (1) by using mixed grease feed, and selecting 40% of fries with larger body size from all healthy fries;
(3) carrying out mixed selfing breeding on the red tilapia fries selected in the step (2), and collecting the fries;
(4) averagely dividing the red tilapia fries obtained in the step (3) into A, B groups, feeding the group A by using vegetable oil feed, feeding the group B by using animal oil feed, and selecting 40% of healthy fries with larger body size;
(5) hybridizing the group A fries selected in the step (4) with the group B fries, and incubating the fries;
(6) feeding the red tilapia fries hatched in the step (5) by using mixed grease feed, and selecting 40% of fries with larger body size from all healthy fries;
(7) and (4) selfing and breeding the fries obtained in the step (6) for 2-3 generations, feeding the fries with mixed grease feed every time in the selfing breeding process, and selecting healthy and large fries for next-generation selfing breeding.
The mixed grease feed is composed of the following raw materials: 5kg of fish meal, 35kg of soybean meal, 20kg of rapeseed meal, 10kg of alpha-starch, 20kg of flour, 0.1kg of choline, 1.5kg of compound mineral substances, 0.5kg of compound vitamins, 0.2kg of salt, 1.3kg of monocalcium phosphate, 8kg of fish oil, 4kg of lard and 6kg of soybean oil.
The vegetable oil feed is composed of the following raw materials: 5kg of fish meal, 35kg of soybean meal, 20kg of rapeseed meal, 10kg of alpha-starch, 20kg of flour, 0.1kg of choline, 1.5kg of compound mineral, 0.5kg of compound vitamin, 0.2kg of salt, 1.3kg of monocalcium phosphate and 20kg of soybean oil.
The animal fat feed is composed of the following raw materials: 5kg of fish meal, 35kg of soybean meal, 20kg of rapeseed meal, 10kg of alpha-starch, 20kg of flour, 0.1kg of choline, 1.5kg of compound mineral, 0.5kg of compound vitamin, 0.2kg of salt, 1.3kg of monocalcium phosphate, 10kg of fish oil and 6kg of lard.
Selecting 500 healthy fries with approximate body length and mass from the fries of the tilapia nilotica, the tilapia nilotica and the tilapia mossambica, wherein the average body length is (3.17 +/-0.26) cm and the average body mass is (0.61 +/-0.06) g, breeding for 60 days, temporarily breeding for 6 days after the fries reach the destination, starving for 24 hours, then transferring the fries to an outdoor cement pond (1.2m × 2.7.7 m × 0.8.8 m) for breeding, feeding the fries for 1 time at 8:00 and 18:00 each day, the feeding amount of the fries at the first 20 days is about 4% of the weight of the tilapia, the feeding amount of the fries at the last 40 days is proper for feeding within 20min, controlling the water temperature to be 29-32 ℃ during the breeding period, and controlling DO (6.05 +/-0.35) mg.L.L.-1，pH(7.1±0.5)，NH3-N(0.05±0.03)mg·L-1The feed is mixed oil feed and comprises 5kg of fish meal, 35kg of soybean meal, 20kg of rapeseed meal, 10kg of α -starch, 20kg of flour, 0.1kg of choline, 1.5kg of compound mineral, 0.5kg of compound vitamin, 0.2kg of salt, 1.3kg of monocalcium phosphate, 8kg of fish oil, 8kg of soybean meal, and the like,4kg of lard oil and 6kg of soybean oil, and the specific growth indexes before and after feeding are as follows:
survival (%) ═ 100 × terminal mantissa/initial mantissa;
the weight gain (%) was 100 × (final average weight-initial average weight)/initial average weight;
percent of fullness equal to 100 × body weight/length3；
The feed coefficient is the total amount of feed ingested/(final weight-initial weight).
Compared with the existing red tilapia fingerlings, the red tilapia bred by the method disclosed by the invention has good absorption and utilization of grease, both animal grease and vegetable grease can be fully absorbed and utilized, the burden of organs of the red tilapia is not increased, the health of the red tilapia is not influenced, the red tilapia grows quickly when the red tilapia eats high-fat feed, the red tilapia can stably absorb and utilize the grease in the feed, the growth speed is high, and the red tilapia has good economic benefits.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely representative examples of the present invention. Obviously, the technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A breeding method of red tilapia is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing and feeding red tilapia fries of different body types, and selecting large fries for continuous feeding after feeding for a period of time;
(2) feeding the red tilapia fries selected in the step (1) by using a mixed grease feed, and selecting healthy and big-sized fries;
(3) carrying out mixed selfing breeding on the red tilapia fries selected in the step (2), and collecting the fries;
(4) averagely dividing the red tilapia fries obtained in the step (3) into A, B groups, feeding the group A by using vegetable oil feed, feeding the group B by using animal oil feed, and respectively selecting healthy and big tilapia fries;
(5) hybridizing the group A fries selected in the step (4) with the group B fries, and incubating the fries;
(6) feeding the red tilapia fries hatched in the step (5) by using mixed grease feed, and selecting healthy fries with large heads;
(7) and (4) carrying out stable selfing breeding on the fry obtained in the step (6).
2. The method for breeding red tilapia according to claim 1, wherein said red tilapia of different body types include nilo non fish type, ornio non fish type, and mossambicus tilapia type.
3. The breeding method of red tilapia according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (1), the fry with large head is selected, and in particular, 40% of the fry with large body size is selected from all the fries.
4. The method for breeding red tilapia according to claim 1, characterized in that healthy and big fish fries are selected, and more specifically, 40% of the healthy fish fries are selected as big fish fries.
5. The breeding method of red tilapia according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixed oil feed is composed of the following raw materials: 5 parts of fish meal, 35 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of alpha-starch, 20 parts of flour, 0.1 part of choline, 1.5 parts of compound mineral, 0.5 part of compound vitamin, 0.2 part of salt, 1.3 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 8 parts of fish oil, 4 parts of lard and 6 parts of soybean oil.
6. The breeding method of red tilapia according to claim 1, characterized in that said vegetable fat feed is composed of the following raw materials: 5 parts of fish meal, 35 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of alpha-starch, 20 parts of flour, 0.1 part of choline, 1.5 parts of compound mineral, 0.5 part of compound vitamin, 0.2 part of salt, 1.3 parts of monocalcium phosphate and 20 parts of soybean oil.
7. The breeding method of red tilapia according to claim 1, characterized in that the animal fat feed is composed of the following raw materials: 5 parts of fish meal, 35 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of alpha-starch, 20 parts of flour, 0.1 part of choline, 1.5 parts of compound mineral, 0.5 part of compound vitamin, 0.2 part of salt, 1.3 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 10 parts of fish oil and 6 parts of lard.
8. The breeding method of red tilapia according to claim 1, characterized in that said stable selfing breeding is 2-3 generations of selfing breeding.
9. The breeding method of red tilapia according to claim 8, characterized in that selfing is carried out for 2-3 generations, each breeding in the selfing breeding process is fed with mixed oil feed, and healthy and big fries are selected for next generation selfing breeding.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010573963.6A CN111727913A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Breeding method of red tilapia |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010573963.6A CN111727913A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Breeding method of red tilapia |
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| CN111727913A true CN111727913A (en) | 2020-10-02 |
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| CN202010573963.6A Withdrawn CN111727913A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Breeding method of red tilapia |
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Citations (6)
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| KR20110001690U (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2011-02-18 | 이정수 | Improved fibre palm |
| KR101408850B1 (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2014-06-23 | 유병화 | No drain combined recirculating aquacultural system having such |
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| CN110999831A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-04-14 | 河南农业大学 | Pelteobagrus fulvidraco fry high in vegetable protein tolerance and breeding method thereof |
| CN110999830A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-14 | 广西壮族自治区水产引育种中心 | Rapid and efficient carp breeding method |
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2020
- 2020-06-22 CN CN202010573963.6A patent/CN111727913A/en not_active Withdrawn
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| KR20110001690U (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2011-02-18 | 이정수 | Improved fibre palm |
| KR101408850B1 (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2014-06-23 | 유병화 | No drain combined recirculating aquacultural system having such |
| CN106259128A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-01-04 | 南宁学院 | A kind of method of raising in cage Pelteobagrus fulvidraco seed |
| CN106879502A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-06-23 | 眉山市人和渔业专业合作社 | Female Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and hybridizing method, the composite feed additive of male Pelteobagrus vachelli |
| CN110999830A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-14 | 广西壮族自治区水产引育种中心 | Rapid and efficient carp breeding method |
| CN110999831A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-04-14 | 河南农业大学 | Pelteobagrus fulvidraco fry high in vegetable protein tolerance and breeding method thereof |
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