CN111700277A - 可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111700277A CN111700277A CN202010579810.2A CN202010579810A CN111700277A CN 111700277 A CN111700277 A CN 111700277A CN 202010579810 A CN202010579810 A CN 202010579810A CN 111700277 A CN111700277 A CN 111700277A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- ion exchange
- mixed powder
- sweet
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 244000274050 Platycodon grandiflorum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920002752 Konjac Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000006753 Platycodon grandiflorum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000010485 konjac Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229930189775 mogroside Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000009467 Carica papaya Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000006264 Asimina triloba Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000006200 Glycyrrhiza glabra Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000017784 Mespilus germanica Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000000560 Mimusops elengi Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000007837 Vangueria infausta Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000004347 Perilla Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000009917 Crataegus X brevipes Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000013204 Crataegus X haemacarpa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000009685 Crataegus X maligna Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000009444 Crataegus X rubrocarnea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000009486 Crataegus bullatus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000017181 Crataegus chrysocarpa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000009682 Crataegus limnophila Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000004423 Crataegus monogyna Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000002313 Crataegus paludosa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000009840 Crataegus x incaedua Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 244000124853 Perilla frutescens Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 240000003915 Lophatherum gracile Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-HWQSCIPKSA-N L-arabinopyranose Chemical compound O[C@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-HWQSCIPKSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 244000303040 Glycyrrhiza glabra Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N glycyrrhizinic acid Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C([C@H]2[C@]([C@@H]3[C@@]([C@@]4(CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@](C)(C[C@H]5C4=CC3=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)CC1)(C)C)C(O)=O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000011477 liquorice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 244000037364 Cinnamomum aromaticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000014489 Cinnamomum aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 244000077995 Coix lacryma jobi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 244000189799 Asimina triloba Species 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 240000000171 Crataegus monogyna Species 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 244000182216 Mimusops elengi Species 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000185 sucrose group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 83
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 abstract description 83
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 abstract description 32
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 67
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 37
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 37
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 34
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 34
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 29
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 27
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 27
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 24
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 240000006432 Carica papaya Species 0.000 description 22
- 240000002624 Mespilus germanica Species 0.000 description 21
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 241001092040 Crataegus Species 0.000 description 19
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 12
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 208000031226 Hyperlipidaemia Diseases 0.000 description 11
- GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N Thermopsosid Natural products O(C)c1c(O)ccc(C=2Oc3c(c(O)cc(O[C@H]4[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O4)c3)C(=O)C=2)c1 GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 150000002212 flavone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin p Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- HIMXGTXNXJYFGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N alloxan Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(=O)C(=O)N1 HIMXGTXNXJYFGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 244000247812 Amorphophallus rivieri Species 0.000 description 9
- 235000001206 Amorphophallus rivieri Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 241000202807 Glycyrrhiza Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000756042 Polygonatum Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000000252 konjac Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000001453 Glycyrrhiza echinata Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000017382 Glycyrrhiza lepidota Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 108060008682 Tumor Necrosis Factor Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229940010454 licorice Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 235000017709 saponins Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- CNABJBYLQABXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Hydroxyphloretin Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1C(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CNABJBYLQABXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 6
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 108010028554 LDL Cholesterol Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 244000241838 Lycium barbarum Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000002540 macrophage Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- ZSJLQEPLLKMAKR-GKHCUFPYSA-N streptozocin Chemical compound O=NN(C)C(=O)N[C@H]1[C@@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O ZSJLQEPLLKMAKR-GKHCUFPYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 201000001320 Atherosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 108010023302 HDL Cholesterol Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 206010022489 Insulin Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 235000015468 Lycium chinense Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 235000011171 Thladiantha grosvenorii Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 244000185386 Thladiantha grosvenorii Species 0.000 description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000469 ethanolic extract Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 oxygen radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 5
- DOUMFZQKYFQNTF-WUTVXBCWSA-N (R)-rosmarinic acid Chemical group C([C@H](C(=O)O)OC(=O)\C=C\C=1C=C(O)C(O)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 DOUMFZQKYFQNTF-WUTVXBCWSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000209205 Coix Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malondialdehyde Chemical compound O=CCC=O WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 description 4
- ZSJLQEPLLKMAKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Streptozotocin Natural products O=NN(C)C(=O)NC1C(O)OC(CO)C(O)C1O ZSJLQEPLLKMAKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013402 health food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000011073 invertase Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 210000002429 large intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229940118019 malondialdehyde Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- WEXRUCMBJFQVBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentobarbital Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O WEXRUCMBJFQVBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229960001052 streptozocin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 210000001541 thymus gland Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 102000003390 tumor necrosis factor Human genes 0.000 description 4
- LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-FSKGGBMCSA-N (2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,3s,4r,5r,6s)-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H](OC3[C@H](O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-FSKGGBMCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MZOFCQQQCNRIBI-VMXHOPILSA-N (3s)-4-[[(2s)-1-[[(2s)-1-[[(1s)-1-carboxy-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-[[2-[[(2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN MZOFCQQQCNRIBI-VMXHOPILSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FMIYQZIXXGXUEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxyphloretin Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 FMIYQZIXXGXUEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000201986 Cassia tora Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000014552 Cassia tora Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920002581 Glucomannan Polymers 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002527 Glycogen Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000004157 Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000604 Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 108010007622 LDL Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000007330 LDL Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 206010067125 Liver injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000169546 Lycium ruthenicum Species 0.000 description 3
- 102100024295 Maltase-glucoamylase Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000000852 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010028144 alpha-Glucosidases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000001430 anti-depressive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002785 anti-thrombosis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000023852 carbohydrate metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003145 cytotoxic factor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940046240 glucomannan Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000004153 glucose metabolism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 229940096919 glycogen Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000753 hepatic injury Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 201000001421 hyperglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000003859 lipid peroxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 201000007270 liver cancer Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000014018 liver neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 210000005228 liver tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229940000492 pawpaw extract Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000021092 sugar substitutes Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000021147 sweet food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tristearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- XBZYWSMVVKYHQN-MYPRUECHSA-N (4as,6as,6br,8ar,9r,10s,12ar,12br,14bs)-10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-9-[(sulfooxy)methyl]-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,12b,13,14b-icosahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@H](O)[C@@](C)(COS(O)(=O)=O)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@]5(C(O)=O)CCC(C)(C)C[C@H]5C4=CC[C@@H]3[C@]21C XBZYWSMVVKYHQN-MYPRUECHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MPDGHEJMBKOTSU-YKLVYJNSSA-N 18beta-glycyrrhetic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C2=CC(=O)[C@H]34)[C@@](C)(C(O)=O)CC[C@]1(C)CC[C@@]2(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@H]1[C@]3(C)CC[C@H](O)C1(C)C MPDGHEJMBKOTSU-YKLVYJNSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVCOBJNICQPDBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-[3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxydecanoyloxy]decanoic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC1C(OC(CC(=O)OC(CCCCCCC)CC(O)=O)CCCCCCC)OC(C)C(O)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(C)O1 HVCOBJNICQPDBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209524 Araceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 102100026189 Beta-galactosidase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 206010006187 Breast cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000026310 Breast neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000005078 Chaenomeles speciosa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000000425 Chaenomeles speciosa Species 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 206010010774 Constipation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000017159 Crataegus pinnatifida Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000657480 Crataegus pinnatifida Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000009386 Experimental Arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229930186217 Glycolipid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 108010010234 HDL Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000015779 HDL Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102000000853 LDL receptors Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010001831 LDL receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101100366137 Mesembryanthemum crystallinum SODCC.1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VZUNGTLZRAYYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine Chemical compound O=NN(C)C(=N)N[N+]([O-])=O VZUNGTLZRAYYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000001132 Osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 101100096142 Panax ginseng SODCC gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000229722 Perilla <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 2
- AONTYURQWYQJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phlo-OH Natural products OCC1OC(Oc2cc(O)cc(O)c2C(=O)CCc3ccc(O)c(O)c3)C(O)C(O)C1O AONTYURQWYQJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000037831 Polygonatum sibiricum Species 0.000 description 2
- 101710184309 Probable sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000589517 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Species 0.000 description 2
- REFJWTPEDVJJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quercetin Chemical compound C=1C(O)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2O)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 REFJWTPEDVJJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZAFFYPNLYCDEP-HNNXBMFYSA-N Rosmarinsaeure Natural products OC(=O)[C@H](Cc1cccc(O)c1O)OC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)c(O)c2 ZZAFFYPNLYCDEP-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 208000005718 Stomach Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000194017 Streptococcus Species 0.000 description 2
- 102400000472 Sucrase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101710112652 Sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000019197 Superoxide Dismutase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010012715 Superoxide dismutase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 102000005840 alpha-Galactosidase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010030291 alpha-Galactosidase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001760 anti-analgesic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010100 anticoagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 206010003119 arrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010051210 beta-Fructofuranosidase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010005774 beta-Galactosidase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000006995 beta-Glucosidase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010047754 beta-Glucosidase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004531 blood pressure lowering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000287 crude extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035487 diastolic blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dopamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010017758 gastric cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000010030 glucose lowering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002949 hemolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002440 hepatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001631 hypertensive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000033065 inborn errors of immunity Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001573 invertase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000401 methanolic extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002438 mitochondrial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002107 myocardial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960001412 pentobarbital Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229930189407 platycodin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 208000028529 primary immunodeficiency disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DOUMFZQKYFQNTF-MRXNPFEDSA-N rosemarinic acid Natural products C([C@H](C(=O)O)OC(=O)C=CC=1C=C(O)C(O)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 DOUMFZQKYFQNTF-MRXNPFEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVHVQJFBWRLYOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rosmarinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(Cc1ccc(O)c(O)c1)OC(=Cc2ccc(O)c(O)c2)C=O TVHVQJFBWRLYOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RODXRVNMMDRFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N scopoletin Chemical compound C1=CC(=O)OC2=C1C=C(OC)C(O)=C2 RODXRVNMMDRFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011888 snacks Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 101150017120 sod gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000011549 stomach cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035488 systolic blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- WEHXAEGTVPWKDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N toralactone Chemical compound C1=C(C)OC(=O)C=2C1=CC1=CC(OC)=CC(O)=C1C=2O WEHXAEGTVPWKDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 208000001072 type 2 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000016261 weight loss Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- QGVLYPPODPLXMB-UBTYZVCOSA-N (1aR,1bS,4aR,7aS,7bS,8R,9R,9aS)-4a,7b,9,9a-tetrahydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,6,8-tetramethyl-1,1a,1b,4,4a,7a,7b,8,9,9a-decahydro-5H-cyclopropa[3,4]benzo[1,2-e]azulen-5-one Chemical compound C1=C(CO)C[C@]2(O)C(=O)C(C)=C[C@H]2[C@@]2(O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@]3(O)C(C)(C)[C@H]3[C@@H]21 QGVLYPPODPLXMB-UBTYZVCOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTOJFFHGPLIVKC-YAFCTCPESA-N (2e)-3-ethyl-2-[(z)-(3-ethyl-6-sulfo-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylidene)hydrazinylidene]-1,3-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid Chemical compound S\1C2=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC=C2N(CC)C/1=N/N=C1/SC2=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC=C2N1CC ZTOJFFHGPLIVKC-YAFCTCPESA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCGUUGGRBIKTOS-GPOJBZKASA-N (3beta)-3-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@H](O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@]5(C(O)=O)CC[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)[C@H]5C4=CC[C@@H]3[C@]21C WCGUUGGRBIKTOS-GPOJBZKASA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWTDXYUDJYDHJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one Natural products OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1C=CC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1O ZWTDXYUDJYDHJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-VIFPVBQESA-N (R)-adrenaline Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182837 (R)-adrenaline Natural products 0.000 description 1
- DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNNC DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGJZLNKBHJESQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Epi-Betulin-Saeure Natural products C1CC(O)C(C)(C)C2CCC3(C)C4(C)CCC5(C(O)=O)CCC(C(=C)C)C5C4CCC3C21C QGJZLNKBHJESQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWVRJTMFETXNAD-FWCWNIRPSA-N 3-O-Caffeoylquinic acid Natural products O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)C[C@@](O)(C(O)=O)C[C@H]1OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CWVRJTMFETXNAD-FWCWNIRPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOUAQYXWVJDEQY-QENPJCQMSA-N 33017-11-7 Chemical compound OC(=O)CC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N1[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O)CCC1 VOUAQYXWVJDEQY-QENPJCQMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CLOUCVRNYSHRCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3beta-Hydroxy-20(29)-Lupen-3,27-oic acid Natural products C1CC(O)C(C)(C)C2CCC3(C)C4(C(O)=O)CCC5(C)CCC(C(=C)C)C5C4CCC3C21C CLOUCVRNYSHRCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIJYXULNPSFWEK-GTOFXWBISA-N 3beta-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@H](O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@]5(C(O)=O)CCC(C)(C)C[C@H]5C4=CC[C@@H]3[C@]21C MIJYXULNPSFWEK-GTOFXWBISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000003200 Adenoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000022309 Alcoholic Liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001278826 Amorphophallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000605445 Anemarrhena asphodeloides Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010003210 Arteriosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000006820 Arthralgia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMDOOINVMJSDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Astragaloside Natural products C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3O2)OC2C(C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(O)C(CO)O2)O)=C1 SMDOOINVMJSDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000008096 B7-H1 Antigen Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010074708 B7-H1 Antigen Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DIZWSDNSTNAYHK-XGWVBXMLSA-N Betulinic acid Natural products CC(=C)[C@@H]1C[C@H]([C@H]2CC[C@]3(C)[C@H](CC[C@@H]4[C@@]5(C)CC[C@H](O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]5CC[C@@]34C)[C@@H]12)C(=O)O DIZWSDNSTNAYHK-XGWVBXMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010075254 C-Peptide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PZIRUHCJZBGLDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caffeoylquinic acid Natural products CC(CCC(=O)C(C)C1C(=O)CC2C3CC(O)C4CC(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C)C(=O)O PZIRUHCJZBGLDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000312 Calcium Channels Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000003922 Calcium Channels Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000010520 Canavalia ensiformis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000045232 Canavalia ensiformis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010518 Canavalia gladiata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010007572 Cardiac hypertrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000541656 Carex marina Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010007688 Carotid artery thrombosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100035882 Catalase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000002177 Cataract Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010008111 Cerebral haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010008120 Cerebral ischaemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010008342 Cervix carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000007354 Coix lacryma jobi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CMSMOCZEIVJLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclophosphamide Chemical compound ClCCN(CCCl)P1(=O)NCCCO1 CMSMOCZEIVJLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XEHFSYYAGCUKEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydroscopoletin Natural products C1CC(=O)OC2=C1C=C(OC)C(O)=C2 XEHFSYYAGCUKEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000607473 Edwardsiella <enterobacteria> Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010014513 Embolism arterial Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JKLISIRFYWXLQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epioleonolsaeure Natural products C1CC(O)C(C)(C)C2CCC3(C)C4(C)CCC5(C(O)=O)CCC(C)(C)CC5C4CCC3C21C JKLISIRFYWXLQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000007530 Essential hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000007241 Experimental Diabetes Mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000009517 FM 100 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000017011 Glycated Hemoglobin A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010014663 Glycated Hemoglobin A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- MPDGHEJMBKOTSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycyrrhetinsaeure Natural products C12C(=O)C=C3C4CC(C)(C(O)=O)CCC4(C)CCC3(C)C1(C)CCC1C2(C)CCC(O)C1(C)C MPDGHEJMBKOTSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091006065 Gs proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010019668 Hepatic fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OVSQVDMCBVZWGM-IDRAQACASA-N Hirsutrin Natural products O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)C1=C(c2cc(O)c(O)cc2)Oc2c(c(O)cc(O)c2)C1=O OVSQVDMCBVZWGM-IDRAQACASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101001087394 Homo sapiens Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PMMYEEVYMWASQN-DMTCNVIQSA-N Hydroxyproline Chemical compound O[C@H]1CN[C@H](C(O)=O)C1 PMMYEEVYMWASQN-DMTCNVIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVQOMEDMFUMIMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hyperosid Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(=O)C2=C(O)C=C(O)C=C2OC1C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 FVQOMEDMFUMIMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010020710 Hyperphagia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010002352 Interleukin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004889 Interleukin-6 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001005 Interleukin-6 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000005016 Intestinal Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000207740 Lemna minor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006439 Lemna minor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010058467 Lung neoplasm malignant Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000241872 Lycium chinense Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000002720 Malnutrition Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical group CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YQHMWTPYORBCMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naringenin chalcone Natural products C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C=CC(=O)C1=C(O)C=C(O)C=C1O YQHMWTPYORBCMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWVRJTMFETXNAD-KLZCAUPSSA-N Neochlorogenin-saeure Natural products O[C@H]1C[C@@](O)(C[C@@H](OC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)c(O)c2)[C@@H]1O)C(=O)O CWVRJTMFETXNAD-KLZCAUPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010029098 Neoplasm skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- YBRJHZPWOMJYKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleanolic acid Natural products CC1(C)CC2C3=CCC4C5(C)CCC(O)C(C)(C)C5CCC4(C)C3(C)CCC2(C1)C(=O)O YBRJHZPWOMJYKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIJYXULNPSFWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleanolinsaeure Natural products C1CC(O)C(C)(C)C2CCC3(C)C4(C)CCC5(C(O)=O)CCC(C)(C)CC5C4=CCC3C21C MIJYXULNPSFWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010033307 Overweight Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000023984 PPAR alpha Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010028924 PPAR alpha Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000228143 Penicillium Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000003992 Peroxidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000003728 Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000029 Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BELBBZDIHDAJOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenolsulfonephthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)O1 BELBBZDIHDAJOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGEREEWJJVICBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phloretin Natural products C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CCC(=O)C1=C(O)C=C(O)C=C1O VGEREEWJJVICBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHKCYIRZWRRXNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Platycodin D3 Natural products OC1C(O)C(OC2C(C(OC3C(C(O)(CO)CO3)O)C(O)CO2)O)C(C)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)COC1OC(=O)C1(C(CC2(C)C3(C)CCC4C5(CO)CO)O)CCC(C)(C)CC1C2=CCC3C4(C)CC(O)C5OC(C(C(O)C1O)O)OC1COC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O XHKCYIRZWRRXNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006751 Platycodon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000004880 Polyuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000565347 Pongamia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001855 Portulaca oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004257 Potassium Channel Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100040678 Programmed cell death protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710089372 Programmed cell death protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010094028 Prothrombin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100027378 Prothrombin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000017831 Pseudocydonia sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000251905 Pseudocydonia sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- ZVOLCUVKHLEPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quercetagetin Natural products C1=C(O)C(O)=CC=C1C1=C(O)C(=O)C2=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C2O1 ZVOLCUVKHLEPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWTZYBCRDDUBJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rhynchosin Natural products C1=C(O)C(O)=CC=C1C1=C(O)C(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C=C2O1 HWTZYBCRDDUBJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091006299 SLC2A2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- IFJUVMQPFHUIKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Saponin D Natural products CC1CCC2(OC1)OC3CC4C5CCC6CC(CCC6(C)C5CC(=O)C4(C)C3C2C)OC7OC(CO)C(OC8OC(CO)C(OC9OC(CO)C(OC%10OC(C)C(O)C(O)C%10O)C(O)C9OC%11OC(O)C(O)CC%11O)C(O)C8O)C(O)C7O IFJUVMQPFHUIKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJESIUXDUUJRCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Saponin D Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(O)C(C)OC1OC1C(OC2C(C3C(C4C(C56CC7(C(C(CC(O7)C=C(C)C)(C)OC7C(C(O)C(O)C(C)O7)O)C6CC4)OC5)(C)CC3)(C)CC2)(C)C)OC(CO)C(O)C1O FJESIUXDUUJRCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010039491 Sarcoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039966 Senile dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000000453 Skin Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000003205 Smilax rotundifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000009022 Smilax rotundifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 210000001744 T-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000007536 Thrombosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004357 Transferases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000992 Transferases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100033001 Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000006105 Uterine Cervical Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010047141 Vasodilatation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001192934 Wilsoniana Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100033220 Xanthine oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010093894 Xanthine oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PNNCWTXUWKENPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].NC(N)=O Chemical compound [N].NC(N)=O PNNCWTXUWKENPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000683 abdominal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010000059 abdominal discomfort Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000015296 acetylcholine-gated cation-selective channel activity proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108040006409 acetylcholine-gated cation-selective channel activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229960001138 acetylsalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036982 action potential Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000009956 adenocarcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000004279 alanine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003524 antilipemic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012223 aqueous fraction Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006793 arrhythmia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000011775 arteriosclerosis disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- QMNWISYXSJWHRY-XWJCTJPOSA-N astragaloside Chemical compound O1[C@H](C(C)(O)C)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@]2(C)CC[C@]34C[C@]4(CC[C@H](O[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO4)O)C4(C)C)C4[C@@H](O[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O4)O)CC3[C@]2(C)C[C@@H]1O QMNWISYXSJWHRY-XWJCTJPOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003143 atherosclerotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001363 autoimmune Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003719 b-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000796 barbital sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FTOAOBMCPZCFFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N barbitone sodium Natural products CCC1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O FTOAOBMCPZCFFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000227 basophil cell of anterior lobe of hypophysis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-KLVWXMOXSA-N beta-L-arabinopyranose Chemical compound O[C@H]1CO[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-KLVWXMOXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGJZLNKBHJESQX-FZFNOLFKSA-N betulinic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@H](O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@]5(C(O)=O)CC[C@@H](C(=C)C)[C@@H]5[C@H]4CC[C@@H]3[C@]21C QGJZLNKBHJESQX-FZFNOLFKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004166 bioassay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023555 blood coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001185 bone marrow Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000005013 brain tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002034 butanolic fraction Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021256 carbohydrate metabolism Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon tetrachloride Substances ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000748 cardiovascular system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004663 cell proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000026106 cerebrovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000010881 cervical cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000973 chemotherapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940074393 chlorogenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001368 chlorogenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CWVRJTMFETXNAD-JUHZACGLSA-N chlorogenic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@](O)(C(O)=O)C[C@H]1OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CWVRJTMFETXNAD-JUHZACGLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFQSDFBBSXGVKF-KHSQJDLVSA-N chlorogenic acid Natural products O[C@@H]1C[C@](O)(C[C@@H](CC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)c(O)c2)[C@@H]1O)C(=O)O FFQSDFBBSXGVKF-KHSQJDLVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019219 chocolate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BMRSEYFENKXDIS-KLZCAUPSSA-N cis-3-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid Natural products O[C@H]1C[C@@](O)(C[C@@H](OC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)cc2)[C@@H]1O)C(=O)O BMRSEYFENKXDIS-KLZCAUPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQLATGHUWYMOKM-UHFFFAOYSA-L cisplatin Chemical compound N[Pt](N)(Cl)Cl DQLATGHUWYMOKM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960004316 cisplatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001072 colon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008162 cooking oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960004397 cyclophosphamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001947 dentate gyrus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011850 desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002037 dichloromethane fraction Substances 0.000 description 1
- PZXJOHSZQAEJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrobetulinic acid Natural products C1CC(O)C(C)(C)C2CCC3(C)C4(C)CCC5(C(O)=O)CCC(C(C)C)C5C4CCC3C21C PZXJOHSZQAEJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000916 dilatatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-ARSRFYASSA-N dinoprostone Chemical compound CCCCC[C@H](O)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)CC(=O)[C@@H]1C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-ARSRFYASSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002986 dinoprostone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PMMYEEVYMWASQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dl-hydroxyproline Natural products OC1C[NH2+]C(C([O-])=O)C1 PMMYEEVYMWASQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003638 dopamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003828 downregulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- HHEAADYXPMHMCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dpph Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N]N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 HHEAADYXPMHMCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001544 dysphoric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002049 effect on nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037024 effective refractory period Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000750 endocrine system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003720 enoxolone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000010063 epididymitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960005139 epinephrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001123 epoprostenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KAQKFAOMNZTLHT-VVUHWYTRSA-N epoprostenol Chemical compound O1C(=CCCCC(O)=O)C[C@@H]2[C@@H](/C=C/[C@@H](O)CCCCC)[C@H](O)C[C@@H]21 KAQKFAOMNZTLHT-VVUHWYTRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002024 ethyl acetate extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002038 ethyl acetate fraction Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000005577 familial hyperlipidemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007760 free radical scavenging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000001130 gallstones Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004190 glucose uptake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036252 glycation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 108700004049 glycosylated serum Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000008202 granule composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002650 habitual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000019622 heart disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003494 hepatocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002044 hexane fraction Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009200 high fat diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021070 high sugar diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019680 high-energy food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000971 hippocampal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001320 hippocampus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229960002591 hydroxyproline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000055 hyoplipidemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001329 hyperkeratotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000871 hypocholesterolemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002218 hypoglycaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015243 ice cream Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002519 immonomodulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001900 immune effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028993 immune response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007365 immunoregulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000002313 intestinal cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001596 intra-abdominal fat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- LTINPJMVDKPJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodinated glycerol Chemical compound CC(I)C1OCC(CO)O1 LTINPJMVDKPJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 210000004153 islets of langerhan Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- GXMWXESSGGEWEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquercitrin Natural products OCC(O)C1OC(OC2C(Oc3cc(O)cc(O)c3C2=O)c4ccc(O)c(O)c4)C(O)C1O GXMWXESSGGEWEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWDZOUNAPSSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaempferol Natural products OC1=C(C(=O)c2cc(O)cc(O)c2O1)c3ccc(O)cc3 MWDZOUNAPSSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037356 lipid metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003908 liver function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000004213 low-fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000005202 lung cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000020816 lung neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001071 malnutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000000824 malnutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000000083 maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 1 Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007087 memory ability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010172 mouse model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004118 muscle contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000001491 myopia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004379 myopia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021096 natural sweeteners Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MQYXUWHLBZFQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N nepehinol Natural products C1CC(O)C(C)(C)C2CCC3(C)C4(C)CCC5(C)CCC(C(=C)C)C5C4CCC3C21C MQYXUWHLBZFQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015380 nutritional deficiency disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000013116 obese mouse model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940100243 oleanolic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940005483 opioid analgesics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036542 oxidative stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000242 pagocytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014594 pastries Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001335 perilla frutescens leaf extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108040007629 peroxidase activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960003531 phenolsulfonphthalein Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QGVLYPPODPLXMB-QXYKVGAMSA-N phorbol Natural products C[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@]2(O)[C@H]([C@H]3C=C(CO)C[C@@]4(O)[C@H](C=C(C)C4=O)[C@@]13O)C2(C)C QGVLYPPODPLXMB-QXYKVGAMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWBIYORWNUYYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platycodin D Natural products CC1OC(OC2C(O)C(O)COC2OC(=O)C34CCC(C)(C)CC3C5=CCC6C7(C)CC(O)C(OC8CC(CO)C(O)C(O)C8O)C(CO)(CO)C7CCC6(C)C5(C)CC4O)C(O)C(O)C1OC9OCC(O)C(OC%10OCC(O)(CO)C%10O)C9O GWBIYORWNUYYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYBWUNOAQPMRBA-NDTOZIJESA-N platycodin D Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3CC=C4[C@@H]5CC(C)(C)CC[C@@]5([C@@H](C[C@@]4(C)[C@]3(C)CC[C@H]2C1(CO)CO)O)C(=O)O[C@@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@@H]1O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H]1O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@](O)(CO)CO2)O)[C@H](O)CO1)O)C)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O CYBWUNOAQPMRBA-NDTOZIJESA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHKCYIRZWRRXNG-COMVGSAYSA-N platycodin D3 Chemical compound C([C@H]1O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O)O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3CC=C4[C@@H]5CC(C)(C)CC[C@@]5([C@@H](C[C@@]4(C)[C@]3(C)CC[C@H]2C1(CO)CO)O)C(=O)O[C@@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@@H]1O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H]1O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@](O)(CO)CO2)O)[C@H](O)CO1)O)C)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O XHKCYIRZWRRXNG-COMVGSAYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930189914 platycodon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010036067 polydipsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000022530 polyphagia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009090 positive inotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000291 postprandial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108020001213 potassium channel Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000770 proinflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HZLWUYJLOIAQFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N prosapogenin PS-A Natural products C12CC(C)(C)CCC2(C(O)=O)CCC(C2(CCC3C4(C)C)C)(C)C1=CCC2C3(C)CCC4OC1OCC(O)C(O)C1O HZLWUYJLOIAQFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N prostaglandin E2 Natural products CCCCCC(O)C=CC1C(O)CC(=O)C1CC=CCCCC(O)=O XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001243 protein synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940039716 prothrombin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001285 quercetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000005875 quercetin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OVSQVDMCBVZWGM-QSOFNFLRSA-N quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=C(C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)OC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C1=O OVSQVDMCBVZWGM-QSOFNFLRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011552 rat model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001533 respiratory mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000007442 rickets Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036186 satiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019627 satiety Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FWYIBGHGBOVPNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N scopoletin Natural products COC=1C=C2C=CC(OC2=C(C1)O)=O FWYIBGHGBOVPNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002374 sebum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000008525 senile cataract Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000019491 signal transduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009759 skin aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037394 skin elasticity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004617 sleep duration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004622 sleep time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RGHFKWPGWBFQLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;5,5-diethylpyrimidin-3-ide-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound [Na+].CCC1(CC)C([O-])=NC(=O)NC1=O RGHFKWPGWBFQLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000004989 spleen cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000010110 spontaneous platelet aggregation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002437 synoviocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DSNBHJFQCNUKMA-SCKDECHMSA-N thromboxane A2 Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C[C@@H]1[C@@H](/C=C/[C@@H](O)CCCCC)O[C@@H]2O[C@H]1C2 DSNBHJFQCNUKMA-SCKDECHMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- FGMPLJWBKKVCDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-L-hydroxy-proline Natural products ON1CCCC1C(O)=O FGMPLJWBKKVCDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- PLSAJKYPRJGMHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ursolic acid Natural products CC1CCC2(CCC3(C)C(C=CC4C5(C)CCC(O)C(C)(C)C5CCC34C)C2C1C)C(=O)O PLSAJKYPRJGMHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940096998 ursolic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000024883 vasodilation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/125—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols; containing starch hydrolysates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/40—Colouring or decolouring of foods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/74—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/74—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
- C07C29/76—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/74—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
- C07C29/76—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment
- C07C29/78—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment by condensation or crystallisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/74—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
- C07C29/88—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物及其制备方法,食品添加剂组合物由如下重量份的原料组成:特制混合粉料0.01‑20;特制木糖醇0.01‑40;赤藓糖醇25‑99.96;L‑阿拉伯糖0.01‑5;罗汉果甜苷0.01‑10;特制混合粉料是:木瓜2‑5份,薏苡仁6‑12份,魔芋3‑12份,紫苏2‑5份,山楂1‑3份,黄精3‑12份,桑叶4‑8份,桔梗4‑8份,枸杞2‑5份,决明子6‑12份,淡竹叶1‑3份,菊花2‑4份,甘草2‑8份。本发明不仅可代替蔗糖的甜味口感,而且具有阻止蔗糖进入体内,抑制血糖的生成,从而实现糖尿病人食用,满足对甜味的需求,而又不会引起血糖的升高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品添加剂技术领域,尤指一种可抑制血糖血脂升高的甜味颗粒及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前全世界每年每人平均要消费掉大约25千克糖,排第1位的美国人的消费量几乎是世界平均水平的2倍。人们从食糖摄入的能量在食物类群中排第3位,仅次于谷物和食用油。糖作为居民生活中和食品等工业制造中不可或缺的原料,与人们的生活息息相关,中国作为一个人口大国和不断成长的工业国家,对糖类的需求整体较大,近年来我国糖类原料作物种植面积波动明显,一定程度带来了我国成品糖的产销波动。目前,我国虽然已成长为第三大白糖消费国,但人均消费量仍低于发达国家水平,工业消费占据主导地位。未来几年随着我国糖料作物种植面积的增长,制糖行业进入上升周期。
改革开放以来,我国食糖消费持续增长,年人均消费量由改革开放前的3公斤提高到10公斤以上。随着人口增长、消费水平的提高、消费观念的改变,食糖等天然甜味剂消费仍会持续增长。按照年均增速3%测算,预计2020年全国食糖消费量增至1800万吨,总产量约为1500万吨,产需缺口预计达到300万吨。从销量来看,由于人口增长放慢以及人们开始意识到过度摄入糖份的不利影响,全球糖消费量增速明显放缓。据中国商业产业研究院提供的数据显示:2015至2019年,全球糖消费量从1.69亿吨增长至1.75亿吨,年均复合增速仅为0.8%。
目前,食品中使用的添加糖主要是由葡萄糖、果糖等六碳糖组成的蔗糖、淀粉糖和糖醇。其中,蔗糖是人群食用和摄入量最多的甜味剂,在碳水化合物类食物中仅次于淀粉。蔗糖是双糖,进入人体后先被蔗糖酶水解成葡萄糖和果糖等单糖,再被人体吸收利用。而这些诸如蔗糖等六碳糖的热量非常高,食用过量会造成人体能量过剩,同时引发多种疾病。
过量食糖“七宗罪”。罪状一,容易上瘾。和吸烟相似,习惯性吃糖会刺激大脑中产生阿片类物质(多巴胺),一旦停吃,就会烦躁不安。罪状二,伤牙。糖停留在口腔内,在细菌作用下产生大量酸性物质,从而对牙齿造成伤害。罪状三,导致肥胖。糖只提供能量,没有其他的营养素。如果糖的摄入量超过身体使用量,就会转化为脂肪储存,引起超重或肥胖。罪状四,营养不良。糖是高能量食品,会直接影响其他富含蛋白质、维生素、矿物质和膳食纤维食品的摄入。罪状五,骨质疏松。糖在体内代谢,需要消耗多种维生素和矿物质。吃甜食过多,可引起骨质疏松。罪状六,加速皮肤老化。大量的糖分短时间内进入血液,会引发胰岛素生长因子水平上升,从而使得表皮过度角化、皮脂分泌增加堵塞毛孔,导致形成痘痘。另外,糖对胶原蛋白还有糖化作用,糖化会让胶原蛋白劣化,从而导致皮肤弹性降低,肤色发黄。罪状七,诱发糖尿病等多种慢性疾病。长期过量食用糖,会扰乱人体内分泌系统。比如,加重胰岛的负担,最后导致胰岛功能受损而出现糖尿病。根据国际糖尿病联盟(IDF)最新报告,2019年全球约4.63亿20-79岁成人患糖尿病(11个人中有1个为糖尿病患者);预计到2030年,糖尿病患者会达到5.784亿;预计到2045年,糖尿病患者会达到7.002亿。其中,我国2019年糖尿病患者(20-79岁)数量约为1.164亿。糖尿病的加剧,会使碳水化合物和脂肪代谢紊乱,引起人体内环境失调,进而促进多种慢性疾病,如心脑血管疾病、老年性白内障、近视、佝偻病的发生。
糖尿病人需少食多餐,加餐多是各类方便携带,能够快速增加饱腹感的零食、点心类产品,但是目前市面上的这类产品大都含有蔗糖,蔗糖是最适合我们味觉的甜味剂,但同时会被人体小肠中的蔗糖酶分解,以葡萄糖和果糖的形式被人体吸收而升高血糖使得糖尿病人望而却步。因此,研发新的甜味剂品种,既能使食物保持良好的甜度,又能减少人体对蔗糖等高热量物质的吸收,降低人群患病风险,是目前营养学、医学和食品行业都在密切关注的热点问题。市场对于无糖、低热量、具有多功效的甜味剂的需求将与日俱增,市场前景极为广阔。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物,该组合物以特制混合粉料、特制木糖醇、赤藓糖醇、L-阿拉伯糖、罗汉果糖苷为原料,经过科学合理设计配比而制一种高甜度且具有降血糖、降血脂等功效的甜味添加剂。本发明还提供这种食品添加剂组合物的制备方法。
完成上述发明任务的技术方案是,一种可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物,所述甜味组合物由如下重量份的原料组成:
特制混合粉料 0.01-20;
特制木糖醇 0.01-40;
赤藓糖醇 25-99.96;
L-阿拉伯糖 0.01-5;
罗汉果甜苷 0.01-10。
本发明推荐:各组分优化的重量份是:特制混合粉料5-15,特制木糖醇10-30,赤藓糖醇42.5-82.5,L-阿拉伯糖1.5-3.5,罗汉果甜苷2.5-7.5。
本发明推荐:各组分最佳的重量份是:特制混合粉料10,特制木糖醇20,赤藓糖醇62.5,L-阿拉伯糖2.5,罗汉果甜苷5。
所述特制混合粉料所采用的各组分均来自国家卫计委2019年《药食同源》目录,包括:木瓜,
薏苡仁,魔芋,紫苏,山楂,黄精,桑叶,桔梗,枸杞,决明子,淡竹叶,菊花,甘草。其各自重量份数如下:
木瓜2-5份,
薏苡仁6-12份,
魔芋3-12份,
紫苏2-5份,
山楂1-3份,
黄精3-12份,
桑叶4-8份,
桔梗4-8份,
枸杞2-5份,
决明子6-12份,
淡竹叶1-3份,
菊花2-4份,
甘草2-8份。
最优的重量份数比例:木瓜3.5份,薏苡仁9份,魔芋7.5份,紫苏3.5份,山楂2份,黄精7.5份,桑叶6份,桔梗6份,枸杞3.5份,决明子9份,淡竹叶2份,菊花2份,甘草5份。
所述甜味食品添加剂组合物在实际使用中,通常在糕点中加入重量比例为5%-35%,在饮料类食品中加入重量比例为1%-20%,在调味品中加入重量比例为2%-45%,其他类食品中加入重量比例为1%-50%。
完成本申请第二个发明任务的技术方案是,所述甜味颗粒组合物的制备方法,包含如下步骤:
一、制备特制混合粉料并脱色
将木瓜,薏苡仁,魔芋,紫苏,山楂,黄精,桑叶,桔梗,枸杞,决明子,淡竹叶,菊花,甘草按比例混合并粉粹,过100-120目筛。按照混合粉用量的15%-20%加入一定浓度的盐酸(通常pH3-5)在水解釜中采用常压水解的方法进行水解。水解温度为110-130℃,水解时间为1-2h。以粉状和颗粒状混合的活性炭做为脱色剂,采用常压操作,活性炭用量一般为糖液的12%-15%。脱色速度宜快,温度控制在78-82℃。
二、制备特制木糖醇
生产木糖醇有中和脱酸、离子交换脱酸等工艺方法,本发明专利采用目前国际国内普遍采用的离子交换脱酸法,并在此基础上进行了一定的技术改进,其主要的工艺路线为:
玉米粉碎物→预处理→水解→脱色→第一次离子交换→第一次浓缩→第二次离子交换→加氢→第三次离子交换→第二次浓缩→结晶→离心分离→晶体成品。
具体步骤入下:
①预处理:将玉米(以玉米秸秆、玉米芯为主,即原料为玉米和/或玉米秸秆和/或玉米芯)用粉碎机粉粹,将粉碎物先在100-120℃的温度下蒸煮50-70min,把水排除,再加入低浓度的稀盐酸于120℃蒸煮45-75min。
②水解:以玉米粉粹物用量的15%-20%的一定浓度的盐酸在水解釜中采用常压水解的方法进行水解。水解温度为110-130℃,水解时间为3-4h左右。
③脱色:以粉状和颗粒状混合的活性炭做为脱色剂,采用常压操作,活性炭用量一般为糖液的12%-15%。脱色速度要快,温度不要过高。一般控制在75-80℃。
④第一次离子交换:第一次交换主要目的是为了除去水解液中的无机酸和有机酸。(CLl是阴离子,因此,第一次是采用阴离子交换树脂,阴离子交换树脂可选用大孔阴树脂D296等,它不但可以除去阴离子,还可以吸附除掉很多胶体杂质和色素。)
⑤第一次浓缩:离子交换除酸后的糖液通过减压蒸发,使糖液浓度提高到30%-35%,蒸发时间为 6-8h。
⑥第二次离子交换:目的是为了除去灰份和阳离子,所以采用阳离子交换树脂。(阳离子交换树脂可选723型强酸阳离子树脂,它不仅可以除去阳离子杂质,还可以吸附除去胶体和非糖体、含氮化合物等。)
⑦加氢处理:采用间歇釜式悬浮镍催化加氢,当反应温度为120-140℃,压力为70-80kg/cm2, pH值为 6-7左右,剂糖质量比为2%,反应时间为90-120min,转化率可达99%以上,产品色度好。
⑧第三次离子交换:是为了氢化液的净化,净化后的木糖浆经过加氢会增加酸度和金属离子,要进一步净化 ,以除去这些杂质。(该过程宜采用“阳柱-阴柱混合床”的组合,混合床的交换负荷特别低,使木糖醇的纯度更高。)
⑨第二次浓缩:采用真空蒸发结晶。蒸发浓缩前,先过滤除去氢化液中其他杂质及少量催化剂细未,蒸发浓缩过程温度控制65-75℃,真空度700mm汞柱以上。当浓缩液含醇量为90%时,即可进入结晶环节。
⑩结晶、成品:当醇膏温度降到60℃左右加入适当晶种,慢慢搅拌助晶 ,每小时降温l℃,直到比室内温度稍高时,即可分离取得成品。木糖醇成品纯度可达98.6%。
三、制备甜味溶液
将特制木糖10-30重量份、赤藓糖醇42.5-82.5重量份、L-阿拉伯糖1.5-3.5重量份、罗汉果甜苷2.5-7.5重量份混合均匀,溶解于550-700重量份的60-80℃的30%-70%乙醇水,搅拌使其溶解充分,得到甜味溶液。
四、制备甜味颗粒
以第一步脱色制得的混合粉5-15份作为支撑物料使用,将基础支撑物料置包衣机中,以85-120转/min的速度进行转动;采用高压喷枪将甜味剂溶液以6-15mL/min的速度均匀地喷涂到基础支撑物料上,同时包衣机内的加热温度设定65-85度;收集得到的甜味颗粒,真空干燥,制得甜味颗粒粉。
优选的,所述真空干燥是在60-80℃下干燥1-2h。
首先,本发明所采用的工艺提取木糖醇具有如下优势:
1. 工艺原料来源广泛,廉价易得,生产成本低,所得的木糖醇纯度高,约为98.6%。
2. 水解过程所用的催化剂为盐酸,用其替代传统木糖醇制取工艺中以硫酸为催化剂,该催化剂相对硫酸的使用可以节省一半的用量。另外,木糖醇生产废水除了有较高的COD值外,高浓度硫酸根离子也是影响废水处理效果的重要原因,用盐酸替代硫酸可以从工艺上消除木糖醇废水处理的难题。水解是在常压下进行,节省了设备投资。
3. 酸的中和可以通过第一次离子交换用阴离子交换树脂中和,避免了中和脱硫酸工艺过程中设备结垢的缺点,提高了设备的利用率和使用寿命,减少了水解液中灰份和酸的含量,提高了水解液的质量,从而相应地提高了产品质量。
4. 加氢采用间歇加氢高压釜,若采用连续加氢比较难保证氢化的质量,氢化残糖对木糖醇收率的影响极大。另外采用釜内沉降有助于减少镍铝合金催化剂的消耗,对环保有好处。
其次,本发明中脱色工艺所制得的混合粉配方由南京中医药大学博士生导师周春祥教授提供,各组分均来自国家卫计委2019《药食同源》目录,安全可靠,同时富含多种人体所必须的氨基酸、微量元素;不仅如此,本发明利用水解的工艺进行脱色,不仅效率高,而且营养损失小。
最后,本发明工艺制得的木糖醇是人体糖类代谢的中间体,在体内缺少胰岛素影响糖代谢情况下,无须胰岛素促进,木糖醇也能透过细胞膜,被组织吸收利用,促进肝糖元合成,供细胞以营养和能量,且不会引起血糖值升高,可以消除糖尿病人服用普通食物后的三多症状(多食、多饮、多尿),是最适合糖尿病患者食用的营养性的食糖代替品。
本发明所使用的阿拉伯糖(Arabinose),又被称为L(+)-树胶醛糖、L(+)-阿戊糖、果胶糖等,是从阿拉伯树分泌的胶体中经复杂的化学和物理方法分离提取出来的一种左旋单糖。它可以抑制水解双糖的酶,因此抑制因摄入蔗糖(在小肠蔗糖酶的作用下分解成葡萄糖和果糖而被吸收)而导致的血糖升高。同时因L-阿拉伯糖对双糖水解酶的抑制作用,使在小肠里没被分解的蔗糖在大肠里被微生物分解产生出大量的有机酸,这种有机酸对肝脏合成脂肪有抑制作用,再加上L-阿拉伯糖在小肠里对吸收蔗糖的抑制作用,从而减少体内新脂肪的产生。文献报道,在蔗糖中加入3.5%的比例,能够抑制人体60-70%蔗糖的吸收。
本发明所使用的赤藓糖醇可由葡萄糖发酵制得,为白色结晶粉末,具有爽口的甜味,不易吸湿,高温时稳定,在广泛PH 范围内稳定,在口中溶解时有温和的凉爽感,适用于多种食品。
由于它不被酶所降解,只能透过肾(易被小肠吸收)从血液中排至尿中排出,不参与糖代谢和血糖变化,故宜于糖尿病患者食用;而且赤藓糖醇在结肠中不致发酵,可避免肠胃不适。赤藓糖醇不被人体口腔细菌利用,因而不会产生酸性物质对牙齿造成伤害,从而引生牙齿发生龋变,对口腔细菌生长产生抑制效果,从而起到保护牙齿的作用。另外,赤藓糖醇的热量低,其能量值为1.65kJ/g,由于其分子量小,容易被人体吸收,并且只有少量进入人体大肠被微生物发酵80%的赤藓糖醇被人体食用后进入人体血液之中,但不能被人体内酶分解代谢,不为机体提供能量,不参加糖代谢,只能通过尿液从人体排出。
罗汉果甜苷又称罗汉果甜甙(或罗汉果甜),植物含量较高且水溶性好,目前已经有纯度98% 以上成品用作食品添加剂, 萃取于广西特产经济植物——罗汉果,其甜度为蔗糖的240倍,其热量为零,具有清热润肺镇咳、润肠通便之功效,对肥胖、便秘、糖尿病等具有防治作用。
同时,本发明所使用的“药食同源”中药混合粉各个组分均具有降血糖或降血脂的功能,所构成的组合物使得所制备的甜味剂不仅可代替蔗糖的甜味口感,而且具有阻止蔗糖进入体内,抑制血糖的生成,从而实现糖尿病人食用,满足对甜味的需求,而又不会引起血糖的升高。这种科学的配比不仅具有很好的甜味口感,而且还使得甜味剂具有显著的降血糖、降血脂功效。是一种高甜度且具有降血糖、降血脂功效的甜味颗粒剂,是甜食爱好者、爱美减肥人士和糖尿病人理想的糖类替代品。
总之,本发明制备方法简单,原料成本低,市场前景广阔,适合大规模生产,值得进一步推广应用。
本发明配方中各成分具体药理作用如下:
(一)、木瓜的药理作用
1. 降血糖、降血脂
木瓜中的多种有效物质具有降血脂的作用。Shruti等以 80% 甲醇提取皱皮木瓜得提取物,再洗脱得其正己烷部位,二氯甲烷部位,乙酸乙酯部位,正丁醇部位和水部位,分别进行了α-葡萄糖苷酶,β-葡萄糖苷酶,α-半乳糖苷酶和β-半乳糖苷酶活性抑制研究。结果表明,所有部位均具有显著的α-葡萄糖苷酶,β-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,而对α-半乳糖苷酶和β-半乳糖苷酶的抑制活性较弱,其中正丁醇部位对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性最高。Sandesh等研究表明,光皮木瓜 80% 甲醇提取物对 STZ 诱导的大鼠高血糖模型有一定的降脂降血糖作用。纪学芳等研究结果表明光皮木瓜黄酮和多糖可不同程度地降低高脂小鼠肝脏系数和脂肪系数,提高肾指数,并降低高脂小鼠血清总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量和动脉粥样硬化指数,提高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量,达到降血脂作用。
2. 抗肿瘤
试验证明,木瓜中的总黄酮、齐墩果酸、熊果酸、桦木酸均有很好的抑制肿瘤的效果。刘爱华等的研究证明皱皮木瓜总黄酮对 PD1 /PD-L1 结合有明显的抑制作用。皱皮木瓜总黄酮可以达到和化疗药物顺铂一样的抗肿瘤效果,并且可以提高接种 H22 肿瘤细胞小鼠的存活率。
3. 抗氧化作用
木瓜含有抗氧化活性的氨基酸、SOD、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶等,具有清除自由基、抗脂质过氧化作用等。谭文波等以皱皮木瓜果实提取液涂抹小鼠皮肤,测定皮肤指数和皮肤组织中的羟脯氨酸、超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛及脂褐质的含量,实验发现,木瓜提取液可提高皮肤清除氧自由基的能力,阻止脂质过氧化物对细胞结构和功能的破坏。
4. 抗炎镇痛
中药木瓜是中医治疗“痹症”的常用药,已有文献表明木瓜提取物、木瓜皂苷、总有机酸均有较好的抗炎镇痛作用。Dai 等研究结果表明,木瓜总苷能抑制佐剂性关节炎大鼠激发继发性足肿胀,其机制与抑制滑膜细胞结构变化和抑制促炎因子 IL-1,TNFα,PGE2释放有关。杨兴海等实验结果表明,资丘木瓜皂苷也能改善大鼠佐剂性关节炎症状、抑制炎症免疫反应,其药理学机制可能是通过下调炎症因子(PGE2) 和抑制 T 淋巴细胞增殖有关。
[杨蕾磊,靳李娜,陈科力.木瓜及其同属植物化学成分和药理作用研究进展[J].中国药师,2015,18(02):293-295. ]
(二)、薏苡仁的药理作用
1. 降血糖作用
薏苡仁多糖能够明显减低机体内血糖含量。徐梓辉等[30]研究薏苡仁多糖对正常小鼠、四氧嘧啶导致的糖尿病模型小鼠和肾上腺素导致的高血糖小鼠等体内血糖含量的影响,结果发现,与各模型对照组比较,薏苡仁多糖可以明显降低小鼠体内血糖含量。
2. 抗肿瘤作用
朱晓莹等用薏苡茎叶的水、乙醇提取物,作用于人肝癌细胞 HepG2、人胃癌细胞 SGC-7901 和人宫颈癌 Hela 细胞,研究发现薏苡茎叶的水、乙醇提取物对这些细胞均有抑制作用。黄挺章等实验研究发现薏苡茎醇提取物在一定程度上能够抑制荷 H22 细胞小鼠体内的肉瘤,并且发现薏苡茎醇提取物对小鼠肝脏有较好的保护作用,并对小鼠脾脏和胸腺也有一定
保护作用。
3. 增强机体免疫功能
薏苡仁具有增强机体免疫功能的作用。王彦芳等发现薏苡仁多糖的不同组分,对脾虚水湿不化大鼠模型的免疫功能降低具有拮抗的作用,薏苡仁多糖及其拆分的组分在一定程度上能够提高机体的免疫防御作用和恢复机体的自我免疫功能。
[喻巧容,黄锁义.薏苡化学成分与药理作用研究概况[J].中国医药导报,2019,16(15):21-24.]
(三)、魔芋的药理作用
魔芋为天南星科 ( Araceae) 魔芋属(Amorphophallus Blume) 多年生草本植物的块茎。近年来, 国内外研究证实, 魔芋中魔芋葡甘露聚糖(KGM) 是一种优良的低热量、低脂肪、
高纤维素的水溶性膳食纤维, 对营养平衡有重要调节作用, 还具有减肥、润肠通便、调节胆固醇代谢的功能, 对动脉硬化、胆结石、便秘、糖尿病、肥胖症等有显著疗效, 被称为健康食品。它能降低餐后血糖和血清胆固醇水平, 但对空腹血糖无明显影响,亦能抑制大肠癌变。
1.降血糖作用
魔芋中魔芋葡甘露聚糖(KGM)无明显刺激分泌胰岛素的作用, 是通过改善糖代谢环境而产生降糖作用的。KGM 相对分子质量高, 黏性大, 能延缓葡萄糖的吸收, 从而减轻胰岛的负担, 促使糖尿病人处于良性循环。 KGM 降低血液循环中的游离脂肪酸水平, 提高胰岛素的敏感度, 使糖耐量降低。 Liu H.研究了 KGM 对肥胖及糖尿病小鼠的治疗作用, 表明 KGM 能明显降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠的血糖。向明等探讨了KGM 防治链脲霉素所致大鼠糖尿病的作用及机制, 表明 KGM 可防止链脲霉素诱导的大鼠糖尿病的发生且作用持久。
2. 调血脂作用
Chen L .等对魔芋低聚糖的降血脂作用进行了研究。高血脂组小鼠每天喂高脂溶液,低聚糖组在高血脂溶液中加入质量分数 30%魔芋低聚糖。结果低聚糖组小鼠血清中 TG 较高脂组降低 29%, TC 降低 32%, HDL-C 升高 35%,与高脂组比较 P <0 .01, 提示魔芋低聚糖有降脂和降尿素氮作用。有研究观察到大鼠饲料含质量分数 5%和10%魔芋能明显降低血清胆固醇、LDL-C 和 VLDL-C 的作用;同时 LDL-C 与 T C 的比值及与 HD L-C 比值明显下降, H DL-C 与 TC 比值上升;说明魔芋对高脂血症有重要的防治意义。
3. 抗癌作用
罗德元等研究表明, KGM 对甲基硝基亚硝基胍( MNNG ) 诱发的小鼠肺癌有不同程度的抑制和预防作用, 使诱发的癌及癌前病变的动物数目大量减少, 恶性肿瘤减少, 良性腺瘤相对增加, 无腺癌发生。 KGM 还可抑制二甲肼诱发大鼠肠癌的作用, 提高大鼠的存活率和增加粪湿质量。王玲等研究表明, KGM 具有明显促进小鼠免疫功能的作用, 对胸腺指数和脾脏指数具有增高作用, 对巨噬细胞合成和释放I L-1 和 TNF-α有明显促进作用。此外, KGM 对小鼠血清中TNF-α水平也有一定的促进作用。这提示 KGM 可作为治疗肿瘤的免疫调节辅助性制品。
[王慧,夏晴.魔芋葡甘露聚糖药理作用研究进展[J].西北药学杂志,2011,26(01):77-78. ]
(四)、紫苏的药理作用
1. 调节糖脂代谢作用
研究发现紫苏总黄酮提取物能显著降低四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠的血糖及其血脂中TC、TG 含量,有良好的调节糖脂代谢作用。紫苏叶提取物能显著降低雄性肥胖小鼠体质量、内脏脂肪量及附睾脂肪量,调节肝功及血脂、血糖、胰岛素水平,改善胰岛素抵抗。
2. 降血压作用
嵇志红等研究结果显示紫苏油能够显著降低高血压模型大鼠尾动脉收缩压,且对其心率的影响较小。Shimokawa 等研究发现紫苏油能够降低原发性高血压的幼鼠的舒张压,降低幼鼠生长期脑溢血的发生率,延长其存活时间。
3. 抗血栓作用
李英霞等研究证实苏子油复方制剂可调节血栓素 A2与前列腺素 I2 的平衡,从而减轻动脉粥样硬化及冠状动脉硬化性心脏病的发生和发展。Jang 等研究发现紫苏油能够显著抑制胶质原和凝血酶原所诱导的血小板聚集,延迟 FeCl3 所诱导的动脉栓塞,且抑制作用随剂量的增加而增强,作用与阿司匹林相近。
4. 抗抑郁作用
小鼠强迫游泳实验证明,紫苏叶水提物能够显著缩短其静止期,体现出明显的抗抑郁作用,进一步实验显示其发挥抗抑郁作用的成分为迷迭香酸。还有研究发现,迷迭香酸可以促进小鼠大脑海马齿状回细胞的增殖,继而减轻抑郁模型小鼠的抑郁症状。
[何育佩,郝二伟,谢金玲,韦玮,秦健峰,侯小涛,邓家刚.紫苏药理作用及其化学物质基础研究进展[J].中草药,2018,49(16):3957-3968.]
(五)、山楂的药理作用
1. 降脂
山楂黄酮类提取物显著降低高脂血症小鼠血脂中 TC、TG 水平,有良好的调节血脂代谢作用。
2. 促进睡眠
林启云等采用模型研究广山楂促进睡眠的作用,结果表明,广山楂总黄酮乙醇提取物,对戊
巴比妥钠促进动物睡眠有一定的协同促进作用,能显著延长小鼠戊巴比妥睡眠持续时间。
3. 调节免疫
李忠海等采用小鼠免疫器官重量法、小鼠常压耐缺氧实验、小鼠游泳实验、小鼠耐高温、耐低温实验和小鼠碳粒廓清法实验研究发现,广山楂叶的水提取物和乙醇提取物能明显提高小鼠的免疫功能。
4. 抗氧化
Ling 等发现广山楂提取物中,绿原酸和根皮素糖苷具有较强细胞抗氧化活性。Lin 等发现广山楂中 2 种酚类化合物 3-羟基根皮素和儿茶酚具有出很强的羟基自由基清除能力。Leu 等发现广山楂叶中的化合物具有较强的抗氧化活性和一定的清除自由基的能力,其中 3-羟基根皮苷、3-羟基根皮素和槲皮素的清除自由基能力最强,3-羟基根皮苷和 3-羟基根皮素对黄嘌呤氧化酶有明显的抑制作用。
[赵帅,郝二伟,杜正彩,谢金玲,韦玮,秦健峰,侯小涛,邓家刚.广山楂的化学成分、药理作用与质量控制研究进展[J].中成药,2020,42(01):169-175.]
(六)、黄精的药理作用
1. 降血糖
庞红霞等人研究发现,黄精皂苷提取物对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠的降血糖效果显著。黄精多糖能改善链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠症状,显著降低血糖、糖化血清蛋白和糖化血红蛋白的浓度,明显提高组织胰岛素及 C-肽表达量,增强胰岛素敏感性,改善糖尿病大鼠对胰岛素的抵抗,对四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病大鼠的血糖水平也有明显的降低作用。
2. 抗氧化
巫永华等人采用闪式提取的方法提取黄精中的多酚类化合物,并探讨黄精多酚粗提物的抗氧化活性。实验结果表明,黄精多酚粗提物具有较好的总还原能力以及清除 DPPH、ABTS 自由基的能力,而且呈现出良好的量效关系,说明黄精多酚粗提物具有较好的抗氧化能力。从黄精酒中提取出的多酚类物质也具有较强的抗氧化活性。方欢乐等人应用碱提醇沉法提取黄精多糖,并观察其对 ISO 诱导的心肌肥厚大鼠的抗氧化作用。
3. 调节免疫力
华岩等人观察了黄精多糖对大鼠脾脏免疫功能的影响。研究发现,黄精多糖能显著缓解由强迫运动造成的脾脏免疫功能低下,并使其恢复至正常水平。邓旭坤等人研究发现,黄精多糖对正常小鼠的脾细胞增殖活力有显著提高作用,还可以提高免疫功能低下小鼠的脾脏和胸腺指数,促进在刀豆蛋白 A( ConA) 刺激下的脾脏和胸腺细胞增殖,增强巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,促进 IL - 6 和 TNF -α的分泌,说明黄精多糖对环磷酰胺致小鼠免疫力低下有显著的缓解作用。
4. 改善记忆力
未小明等人研究发现,黄精水提物可以明显改善 AD 模型大鼠的空间学习记忆能力,其作用机制可能与调节α7 nAChR 表达有关。唐伟等人研究了黄精多糖对慢性脑缺血大鼠学习记忆能力及脑组织超微结构的影响,进而评价了黄精的抗衰老作用。成威等人研究发现,黄精多糖可以增加痴呆小鼠海马 CA1 区的线粒体密度,线粒体变形程度减轻,说明黄精多糖具
有防治老年痴呆的作用。
[于纯淼,刘宁,宫铭海,周忠光.黄精药理作用研究进展及在保健食品领域的应用开发[J].黑龙江科学,2019,10(18):66-68.]
(七)、桑叶的药理作用
1. 降血糖
Ren 等发现桑叶多糖能改善2型糖尿病患者的高脂水平和链脲佐菌素诱导的大鼠肝细胞葡萄糖代谢和胰岛素抵抗。他们得出在高脂高糖和 STZ 诱导的糖尿病老鼠中桑叶多糖治疗能通过抑制 PTP1B 的表达,激活 P13K-AKT 信号通路减轻氧化应激来有效的保护肝糖代谢。大量研究表明桑叶的降血糖作用是通过两个途径实现的:一是通过桑叶生物碱DNJ 对二糖类分解酶活性产生抑制作用,从而抑制小肠对双糖的吸收,降低食后血糖的高峰值;二是桑叶生物碱及桑叶多糖促进 B 细胞分泌胰岛素,而胰岛素可以促进细胞对糖的利用、肝糖原合成以及改善糖代谢,最终达到降血糖的效果。
2. 抗高血脂
桑叶中含有的异槲皮苷、黄芪苷、东莨菪苷及苯甲醇的糖苷可以抑制动脉粥样硬化、血清脂质增加。Kayo 等研究桑叶对硫酸铜所致 LDL 氧化的影响,指出桑叶提取物可以抑制动脉粥样硬化、高脂血症血清脂质升高。高岭等认为桑叶在提高高脂血症大鼠 HDL-C/TC、血清高密度脂蛋白 C(HDLC)方面作用明显,LDL-C胆固醇(TC)甘油三酷(TG)明显降低,LPO极显著降低,由此说明桑叶在抑制有害过氧化物、降低血脂方面作用明显,对抑制动脉粥样硬化、高血脂症血清脂质升高作用也很显著。
3. 保肝护肝
在 CCl4诱导的小鼠肝损伤研究中,200mg/kg、400mg/kg和800mg/kg口服给药桑叶提取物能显著降低脂质过氧化和抑制脂质沉积和肝纤维化。在800mg/kg组,桑叶提取物能降低血清中 AST 和 ALT 水平,减少小鼠的睡眠时间,与阴性组比较使肝脏得到了很好的保护。
[朱琳,赵金鸽,范作卿,王娜,邹德庆.桑叶的主要营养成分及其药理作用的研究进展[J].北方蚕业,2017,38(02):9-15+23. ]
(八)、桔梗的药理作用
1. 降血糖
乔彩虹等认为对于糖尿病大鼠,桔梗多糖能显著减少大鼠的进水量、进食量和尿量,并且大鼠体质量显著增加,与模型组比较差异明显(P<0.05或P<0.01);桔梗多糖低、中、高剂量组空腹血糖较模型组明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),空腹胰岛素水平、胰岛素敏感指数及葡萄糖耐受能力明显增加(P<0.05或P<0.01);桔梗多糖还能提高肝组织超氧化物歧化酶活性,降低丙二醛含量(P<0.05或P<0.01),说明桔梗具有明显的降血糖作用,机制可能是改善空腹胰岛素水平、提高抗氧化能力。
2. 降血脂
桔梗中的总皂苷具有降血脂作用。徐丽萍认为高、中剂量的桔梗总皂苷能显著降低高脂血症的总胆固醇水平(P<0.05),并能降低高血脂症大鼠的低密度脂蛋白水平(P<0.05);高、中、低剂量组均能显著降低高血脂症大鼠的甘油三酯水平(P<0.05),且均能增加高密度脂蛋白水平。相关研究表明,桔梗皂苷降低血胆固醇的作用是通过低密度脂蛋白受体(LDL-r)转运胆固醇来实现的。
3. 止咳平喘
桔梗有很好的止咳平喘作用,这是其主要作用之一。梁仲远认为高、中剂量的桔梗水提液咳
嗽潜伏期明显延长,咳嗽次数明显减少(P<0.05或P<0.01),低剂量的桔梗水提液对咳嗽潜伏期、次数也有所改善;同时,给予高、中剂量桔梗水提液的小鼠气管酚红排泌量显著增加(P<0.05或P<0.01),低剂量也有增加趋势,由此说明桔梗水提液是通过增加呼吸道黏膜分泌量的方式,达到祛痰的目的。
4. 抗肿瘤
目前可知桔梗皂苷类成分和桔梗多糖有抗肿瘤作用。李伟等发现桔梗皂苷D、桔梗皂苷D3和
远志皂苷D均可抑制人肝癌 Bel-7402 细胞株、人胃癌 BGC-823 细胞株及人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞株的增殖,其中桔梗皂苷D抑制作用最强。
[左军,尹柏坤,胡晓阳.桔梗化学成分及现代药理研究进展[J].辽宁中医药大学学报,2019,21(01):113-116. ]
(九)、枸杞的药理作用
1. 降血糖降血脂
为评估枸杞的降血糖效果,有学者采用小鼠实验对其功效进行了观察。结果显示,给予小鼠枸杞提取物灌胃后,四氧嘧啶中毒的小鼠,血糖水平明显下降,提示枸杞提取物用于降血糖,效果值得肯定。近年来,高血脂患者的数量明显增多。枸杞的应用,可有效降低血清胆固醇指标,减少甘油三酯,达到降血脂的目的,对高血脂治疗有效率的提高,具有积极意义。
2. 保肝及抗肿瘤
枸杞所含的成分,可有效抑制脂质过氧化,且可预防并修复肝脏损伤,促进蛋白质合成,降低肝脏丙二醇含量,达到保肝的目的。大鼠实验显示,给予大鼠乙醇饮料复制酒精性肝病模型后,给予模型大鼠枸杞,大鼠肝脏炎性反应明显减轻。除保肝外,枸杞同样具有抗肿瘤之功效。小鼠实验研究结果显示,给予小鼠枸杞提取物后,小鼠肿瘤的生长速度明显减缓。该研究结果,证实了枸杞在抗肿瘤方面的应用价值。
3. 抗衰老抗疲劳
抗衰老、抗疲劳,同样为枸杞的主要功效。黑枸杞经分离纯化后,果实中的枸杞多糖可有效发挥功效,使小鼠脾脏重量得以增加,增强小鼠的免疫调节功能,延缓衰老,提高机体免疫力,改善机体的健康状况。此外,与未应用枸杞多糖者相比,喂食枸杞多糖的小鼠,体内GSH-PX
以及 SOD 活性,同样可显著增加,提示枸杞可能具有清除氧自由基之功效,抗衰老效果显著。此外,枸杞中所含的多糖,同样可促进肌肉收缩,达到抗疲劳的目的。
[林泉峰.黑枸杞的化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].临床医药文献电子杂志,2019,6(79):169. ]
(十)、决明子的药理作用
1. 降血脂作用
决明子降血脂效果明显。黎海彬等人通过高脂血症大鼠试验发现,决明能够降低大鼠血液中脂质含量,当与山楂配伍使用时,降血脂效果更显著。李续娥等人研究发现决明子起降低三酰甘油含量、总胆固醇含量、低密度脂蛋白含量的成分是蒽醌苷元和蛋白质。
2. 降血压作用
决明子在一定条件下经水提法、醇提法后降血压效果增强。对高血压大鼠注射一定剂量决明子乙醇提取物后发现,其收缩压、舒张压均降低。
3. 减肥作用
研究表明,低浓度的决明子水提物对营养性肥胖有一定抑制作用,并且不会导致便秘、不影响食欲。动物试验表明,起减肥效果的是决明子中新决明内酯成分,能够抑制脂类代谢,从而使体重减轻。
[李金金,罗长浩.中药决明子有效成分、药理作用与发展前景[J].农产品加工,2018(17):71-72+76. ]
(十一)、淡竹叶的药理作用
1. 降血脂作用
付彦君以高脂饲料喂养大鼠造高脂血症模型,再通过灌胃分别给予淡竹叶总提取物、总提取物的水浸膏、30%醇浸膏、90%醇浸膏3周,检测血清总胆固醇及三酰甘油变化。结果表明30%醇浸膏可显著降低高血脂症大鼠的血清总胆固醇。
2. 抑菌作用
刘晓蓉研究表明,淡竹叶的醇提物对金黄色葡萄菌、溶血性链球菌、绿脓杆菌、大肠杆菌有一定的抑制作用,抑制作用的强弱顺序为金黄色葡萄菌>溶血性链球菌>绿脓杆菌>大肠杆菌;而对于黑霉菌和常见青霉的抑制效果不明显。
3. 保肝作用
林冠宇等用大孔吸附树脂纯化淡竹叶中总黄酮,通过小鼠拘束应激模型,研究淡竹叶总黄酮对拘束应激负荷小鼠肝损伤的保护作用。发现淡竹叶总黄酮可明显降低小鼠血浆中丙氨酸氨基酸转移酶 ALT 活性、肝组织的丙二醛(MDA)含量和一氧化氮(NO)含量,显著提高血浆和肝组织的抗氧化能力指数。
[陈烨.淡竹叶化学成分与药理作用研究进展[J].亚太传统医药,2014,10(13):50-52. ]
(十二)、菊花的药理作用
1. 降血糖作用
菊花提取物可降低糖尿病小鼠的血糖,其作用机制一方面可能与通过部分恢复受损的胰岛β细胞合成和释放胰岛素有关,另一方面可能是通过增加肝中的过氧化物酶体增殖剂激活受体(PPARα)表达,从而增加 Glut-2 和 GS 蛋白的表达,促进肝脏对血中葡萄糖的摄取和糖原的合成有关。菊花总黄酮能改善糖尿病小鼠的发病症状,促进小鼠体质量增长,显著降低血糖水平和糖耐量水平。
2. 对心血管系统作用
菊花醇提取物能显著增加心肌收缩力,对戊巴比妥造成衰竭的离体蟾蜍心脏有很好的正性肌力作用,且作用效果明显强于对正常离体蟾蜍心脏的作用,并能够明显增加离体的心脏的冠状动脉血流量。菊花醋酸乙酯提取物能够延长心肌细胞的有效不应期动作电位产生,缓解大鼠心脏心律失常和易颤的作用,从而提高大鼠心脏电生理稳定性。菊花总黄酮通过调节一氧化氮的介导途径控制钙、钾离子通道,产生保护血管舒张反应性、扩张血管等作用。除此之外,菊花还能拮抗氯仿诱发的心律失常。
3. 抗肿瘤作用
菊花多糖 CMP、CMP-1、CMP-2 和 CMP-3 能够显著抑制人体肝癌 HepG-2 的增殖;CMP-2 能显著抑制人体乳腺癌细胞 MCF-7 细胞的增殖。从菊花中分离得到的蒲公英烷型三萜醇类对由佛波醇(TPA)引起的小鼠皮肤肿瘤和人类肿瘤细胞系有显著的抑制作用,且抑制活性强于甘草次酸,是一种潜在的抗肿瘤药物。
[周衡朴,任敏霞,管家齐,刘艳莉,熊友香,钟全发,蒋珊,吴素香.菊花化学成分、药理作用的研究进展及质量标志物预测分析[J].中草药,2019,50(19):4785-4795. ]
(十三)、甘草的药理作用
1. 抗凝血、抗血栓
大鼠以甘草叶提取物灌胃 5d,用毛细管法观察凝血时间,电刺激法观察血栓形成时间。结果发现,甘草叶总黄酮 1g/kg 和 0.5g/kg 可明显延长电刺激所致大鼠颈动脉血栓的形成时间,其中大剂量组( 1g/kg) 能够显著延长凝血时间,可见甘草叶总黄酮具有抗凝血、抗血栓的药理作用。
2. 抗肿瘤
甘草叶中的黄酮成分( 总黄酮) 在体外诱导小鼠骨髓巨噬细胞(BMC) 及腹腔巨噬细胞(PEC) 产生细胞毒因子的作用研究发现,在一定浓度下,甘草叶中的黄酮类成分对 BMC和 PEC及L929 细胞无直接毒性作用,但能诱导 BMC 和 PEC产生具有杀伤作用的细胞毒因子,并经中和试验初步证明此细胞毒因子为肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)。由此提示,甘草叶中富含的总黄酮有诱导单核巨噬细胞分泌肿瘤坏死因子的作用,其作用与 FM100(从甘草甲醇提取物中得到的总黄酮组分) 相比大3.4倍,是一种良好无毒的巨噬细胞诱导激活剂。
3. 抗病原微生物
Manfredi 等在美国国家癌症研究所体外抗 HIV-1 生物测定中,发现来自甘草叶片的有机可溶性提取物显示出中等活性。该提取物中二异戊烯基联苄被观察到有抗病毒活性。
[张鲁,崔洁,王文全,侯俊玲,张媛,张莉.甘草属植物地上部分化学成分和药理作用研究进展[J].中药材,2018,41(06):1501-1505. ]
本发明所述的甜味颗粒被人体摄入后,基本不产生热量,其使用功能主要有两项:
一是能抑制水解双糖的酶,因此抑制因摄入蔗糖(在小肠蔗糖酶的作用下分解成葡萄糖和果糖而被吸收)而导致的血糖升高,简称抑制双糖水解酶的降糖作用;二是对双糖水解酶抑制后,使在小肠里没被分解的蔗糖在大肠里被微生物分解产生出大量的有机酸,这种有机酸对肝脏合成脂肪有抑制作用,再加上其在小肠里对吸收蔗糖的抑制作用,从而减少体内新脂肪的产生。
作为新型的健康糖,本发明配方可望在家用乳制品、糕点、面包、冰淇淋、饮料、甜点、巧克力、压缩海苔等食品中得到广泛应用。为广大的正在受着“三高一超”疾病困扰的人群和由于喜欢高糖高脂饮食而造成超量摄入从而很有可能患病的人群带来了真正的福音,可谓“既带来健康,又饱了口福”,市场前景极为广阔。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1,高血糖高血脂病人可食用的甜味颗粒,由以下重量份的原料制成: 特制混合粉料10,特制木糖醇20,赤藓糖醇62.5,L-阿拉伯糖2.5,罗汉果甜苷5。
其中,所述特制混合粉料各组分的重量份数如下:木瓜3.5份,薏苡仁9份,魔芋7.5份,紫苏3.5份,山楂2份,黄精7.5份,桑叶6份,桔梗6份,枸杞3.5份,决明子9份,淡竹叶2份,菊花2份,甘草5份。
其制备方法,包括如下步骤:
制备特制混合粉料并脱色:将木瓜,薏苡仁,魔芋,紫苏,山楂,黄精,桑叶,桔梗,枸杞,决明子,淡竹叶,菊花,甘草按比例混合并粉粹,过100-120目筛。按照混合粉用量的15%-20%加入一定浓度的盐酸(通常pH3-5)在水解釜中采用常压水解的方法进行水解。水解温度为110-130℃,水解时间为1-2h。以粉状和颗粒状混合的活性炭做为脱色剂,采用常压操作,活性炭用量一般为糖液的12%-15%。脱色速度宜快,温度控制在78-82℃。
制备木糖醇及甜味溶液:将玉米粉碎物按照发明内容所述的方法提取木糖醇。将特制木糖10-3 0重量份、赤藓糖醇42.5-82.5重量份、L-阿拉伯糖1.5-3.5重量份、罗汉果甜苷2.5-7.5重量份混合均匀,溶解于550-700重量份的60-80℃的30%-70%乙醇水,搅拌使其溶解充分,得到甜味溶液。
制备甜味颗粒:将脱色制得的混合粉5-15份作为支撑物料使用,将基础支撑物料置包衣机中,以85-120转/min的速度进行转动;采用高压喷枪将甜味剂溶液以6-15mL/min的速度均匀地喷涂到基础支撑物料上,同时包衣机内的加热温度设定65-85度;收集得到的甜味颗粒,真空干燥(60-80℃、1-2h),制得甜味颗粒粉。
实施例2,与实施例1基本相同,但所述食品添加剂组合物由如下重量份的原料组成:特制混合粉料5,特制木糖醇15,赤藓糖醇62.5,L-阿拉伯糖7.5,罗汉果甜苷10。其中所述特制混合粉料各组分的重量份是:木瓜2份,薏苡仁6份,魔芋3份,紫苏2份,山楂1份,黄精3份,桑叶4份,桔梗4份,枸杞2份,决明子6份,淡竹叶1份,菊花2份,甘草2份。
实施例3,与实施例1基本相同,但所述食品添加剂组合物由如下重量份的原料组成:特制混合粉料15,特制木糖醇25,赤藓糖醇52.5,L-阿拉伯糖2.5,罗汉果甜苷5。其中所述特制混合粉料各组分的重量比是:木瓜5份,薏苡仁12份,魔芋12份,紫苏5份,山楂3份,黄精12份,桑叶8份,桔梗8份,枸杞5份,决明子12份,淡竹叶3份,菊花4份,甘草8份。
实施例4,与实施例1基本相同,但所述食品添加剂组合物由如下重量份的原料组成:特制混合粉料2.5,特制木糖醇12.5,赤藓糖醇82.5,L-阿拉伯糖1,罗汉果甜苷1.5。其中所述特制混合粉料各组分的重量比是:木瓜2份,薏苡仁12份,魔芋3份,紫苏5份,山楂1份,黄精12份,桑叶4份,桔梗8份,枸杞2份,决明子12份,淡竹叶1份,菊花4份,甘草2份。
实施例5,与实施例1基本相同,但所述食品添加剂组合物由如下重量份的原料组成:特制混合粉料17.5,特制木糖醇27.5,赤藓糖醇42.5,L-阿拉伯糖4,罗汉果甜苷8.5。其中所述特制混合粉料各组分的重量比是:木瓜5份,薏苡仁6份,魔芋12份,紫苏2份,山楂3份,黄精3份,桑叶8份,桔梗4份,枸杞5份,决明子6份,淡竹叶3份,菊花2份,甘草8份。
实施例6,与实施例1基本相同,但所述食品添加剂组合物由如下重量比的原料组成:特制混合粉料1,特制木糖醇14,赤藓糖醇72.5,L-阿拉伯糖4.5,罗汉果甜苷8。
实施例7,与实施例1基本相同,但所述食品添加剂组合物由如下重量份的原料组成:特制混合粉料19,特制木糖醇26,赤藓糖醇52.5,L-阿拉伯糖0.5,罗汉果甜苷2。
实施例8,与实施例1基本相同,但所述食品添加剂组合物由如下重量份的原料组成:特制混合粉料0.01,特制木糖醇0.01,赤藓糖醇99.6,L-阿拉伯糖0.01,罗汉果甜苷0.01。
实施例9,与实施例1基本相同,但所述食品添加剂组合物由如下重量份的原料组成:特制混合粉料20,特制木糖醇40,赤藓糖醇25,L-阿拉伯糖5,罗汉果甜苷10。
对比例1,一种可替代蔗糖的甜味颗粒,由以下重量份的原料制成: 特制混合粉料10,赤藓糖醇85,罗汉果甜苷5。
其制备方法,包括如下步骤:
制备甜味溶液:将赤藓糖醇85%、罗汉果甜苷5%混合均匀,溶解于550-700份的60-80℃的30%-70%乙醇水,搅拌使其溶解充分,得到甜味溶液。
制备特制混合粉料并脱色:将木瓜,薏苡仁,魔芋,紫苏,山楂,黄精,桑叶,桔梗,枸杞,决明子,淡竹叶,菊花,甘草按比例混合并粉粹,过100-120目筛。按照混合粉用量的15%-20%加入一定浓度的盐酸(通常pH3-5)在水解釜中采用常压水解的方法进行水解。水解温度为110-130℃,水解时间为1-2h。以粉状和颗粒状混合的活性炭做为脱色剂,采用常压操作,活性炭用量一般为糖液的12%-15%。脱色速度宜快,温度控制在78-82℃。
制备甜味颗粒:将脱色制得的混合粉10%作为支撑物料使用,将基础支撑物料置包衣机中,以85-120转/min的速度进行转动;采用高压喷枪将甜味剂溶液以6-15mL/min的速度均匀地喷涂到基础支撑物料上,同时包衣机内的加热温度设定65-85度;收集得到的甜味颗粒,真空干燥(60-80℃、1-2h),制得甜味颗粒粉。
对比例2,一种可替代蔗糖的甜味颗粒,由以下重量份的原料制成: 特制混合粉料10,特制木糖醇40,赤藓糖醇50。
其制备方法,包括如下步骤:
制备甜味溶液:按照本发明工艺所述之方法制备木糖醇,取木糖醇40%、赤藓糖醇50%混合均匀,溶解于550-700份的60-80℃的30%-70%乙醇水,搅拌使其溶解充分,得到甜味溶液。
制备特制混合粉料并脱色:将木瓜,薏苡仁,魔芋,紫苏,山楂,黄精,桑叶,桔梗,枸杞,决明子,淡竹叶,菊花,甘草按比例混合并粉粹,过100-120目筛。按照混合粉用量的15%-20%加入一定浓度的盐酸(通常pH3-5)在水解釜中采用常压水解的方法进行水解。水解温度为110-130℃,水解时间为1-2h。以粉状和颗粒状混合的活性炭做为脱色剂,采用常压操作,活性炭用量一般为糖液的12%-15%。脱色速度宜快,温度控制在78-82℃。
制备甜味颗粒:将脱色制得的混合粉10%作为支撑物料使用,将基础支撑物料置包衣机中,以85-120转/min的速度进行转动;采用高压喷枪将甜味剂溶液以6-15mL/min的速度均匀地喷涂到基础支撑物料上,同时包衣机内的加热温度设定65-85度;收集得到的甜味颗粒,真空干燥(60-80℃、1-2h),制得甜味颗粒粉。
对比例3,一种可替代蔗糖的甜味颗粒,由以下重量份的原料制成:特制木糖醇30,赤藓糖醇65,阿拉伯糖5。
其制备方法,包括如下步骤:按照本发明工艺所述之方法制备木糖醇,取木糖醇30%,赤藓糖醇65%,阿拉伯糖5%,混合均匀,备用。
本发明所制得的甜味颗粒对糖尿病患者血糖与血脂的影响:
本发明随机抽取2型糖尿病260名,随机分为13组,未用胰岛素治疗,年龄分布在60±5岁,体重指数为60.0±5.0。试验者不改变生活习惯,其中1组为空白对照组,另外12组人群每天上午空腹服用本发明实施例及对比例制得的甜味颗粒15g,连续服用30天后分别收集静脉血测血液中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-G)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的变化以及空腹血糖的变化。
表1:服用本发明甜味颗粒对糖尿病患者血脂的影响
表2:服用本发明甜味颗粒对糖尿病患者空腹血糖的影响
空腹血糖 | 服用前 | 服用后 |
实施例1 | 14.22±0.42 | 5.58±0.55 |
实施例2 | 15.42±0.36 | 5.79±0.42 |
实施例3 | 15.53±0.43 | 5.65±0.61 |
实施例4 | 15.55±0.42 | 5.58±0.53 |
实施例5 | 16.25±0.46 | 6.03±0.40 |
实施例6 | 15.21±0.42 | 5.49±0.48 |
实施例7 | 14.99±0.38 | 5.50±0.58 |
实施例8 | 15.39±0.52 | 5.57±0.52 |
实施例9 | 15.32±0.43 | 5.48±0.51 |
对比例1 | 16.52±0.45 | 6.28±0.46 |
对比例2 | 15.26±0.42 | 6.01±0.44 |
对比例3 | 15.29±0.41 | 6.24±0.45 |
对照组 | 14.02±0.45 | 21.78±0.55 |
实验结果表明,服用本发明的甜味颗粒后糖尿病人的血糖、血脂有明显改善作用。特制混合粉、木糖醇、赤藓糖醇、阿拉伯糖、罗汉果甜苷合用优于单独使用特制混合粉、赤藓糖醇、罗汉果甜苷混合物,优于特制混合粉、赤藓糖醇、木糖醇混合物,也优于木糖醇、赤藓糖醇、阿拉伯糖所组成的混合物,也就是说,四种组分混合使用效果优于单独分开其使用。从上述结果得知,本发明提供的甜味颗粒经过科学配比,甜味口感纯正,而且还具有降血脂与降血糖作用,本发明产品是甜食爱好者、爱美减肥人士和糖尿病人理想的糖类替代品,市场前景极为广阔。
Claims (8)
1.一种可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物,其特征在于,所述食品添加剂组合物由如下重量份的原料组成:
特制混合粉料 0.01-20;
特制木糖醇 0.01-40;
赤藓糖醇 25-99.96;
L-阿拉伯糖 0.01-5;
罗汉果甜苷 0.01-10;
其中,所述特制混合粉料所采用的各组分的重量份如下:木瓜2-5份,薏苡仁6-12份,魔芋3-12份,
紫苏2-5份,山楂1-3份,黄精3-12份,桑叶4-8份,桔梗4-8份,枸杞2-5份,决明子6-12份,
淡竹叶1-3份,菊花2-4份,甘草2-8份;
所述特制木糖醇是指,按照以下制备方法得到的木糖醇及其甜味溶液:将玉米粉碎物按照:中和脱酸、离子交换脱酸工艺方法,采用离子交换脱酸法,其主要的工艺路线为:玉米粉碎物→预处理→水解→脱色→第一次离子交换→第一次浓缩→第二次离子交换→加氢→第三次离子交换→第二次浓缩→结晶→离心分离→晶体成品:
将特制木糖10-3 0重量份、赤藓糖醇42.5-82.5重量份、L-阿拉伯糖1.5-3.5重量份、罗汉果甜苷2.5-7.5重量份混合均匀,溶解于550-700重量份的60-80℃的30%-70%乙醇水,搅拌使其溶解充分,得到甜味溶液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物,其特征在于,各组分的重量份是:特制混合粉料5-15,特制木糖醇10-30,赤藓糖醇42.5-82.5,L-阿拉伯糖1.5-3.5,罗汉果甜苷2.5-7.5;其中,所述特制混合粉料所采用的各组分的重量份如下:木瓜3.5份,薏苡仁9份,魔芋7.5份,紫苏3.5份,山楂2份,黄精7.5份,桑叶6份,桔梗6份,枸杞3.5份,决明子9份,淡竹叶2份,菊花2份,甘草5份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物,其特征在于,各组分的重量份是:特制混合粉料10,特制木糖醇20,赤藓糖醇62.5,L-阿拉伯糖2.5,罗汉果甜苷5。
4.根据权利要求1-3之一所述的可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物,其特征在于,所述甜味食品添加剂组合物(二)在实际使用中,在糕点中加入重量比例为5%-35%,在饮料类食品中加入重量比例为1%-20%,在调味品中加入重量比例为2%-45%,其他类食品中加入重量比例为1%-50%。
5.权利要求1所述的可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包含如下步骤:
一、制备特制混合粉料并脱色
将木瓜,薏苡仁,魔芋,紫苏,山楂,黄精,桑叶,桔梗,枸杞,决明子,淡竹叶,菊花,甘草按比例混合并粉粹,过100-120目筛;按照混合粉用量的15%-20%加入一定浓度的盐酸在水解釜中采用常压水解的方法进行水解;水解温度为110-130℃操作,水解时间为1-2h;
以粉状和颗粒状混合的活性炭做为脱色剂,采用常压,活性炭用量为糖液的12%-15%;脱色速度宜快,温度控制在78-82℃;
二、制备特制木糖醇
生产木糖醇有中和脱酸、离子交换脱酸等工艺方法,采用离子交换脱酸法,其工艺路线为:
玉米粉碎物→预处理→水解→脱色→第一次离子交换→第一次浓缩→第二次离子交换→加氢→第三次离子交换→第二次浓缩→结晶→离心分离→晶体成品。
6.根据权利要求5所述的可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤二制备木糖醇的具体步骤如下:
②水解:以玉米粉粹物用量的15%-20%的一定浓度的盐酸在水解釜中采用常压水解的方法进行水解;水解温度为110-130℃,水解时间为3-4h;
③脱色:以粉状和颗粒状混合的活性炭做为脱色剂,采用常压操作,活性炭用量一般为糖液的12%-15%;脱色速度要快,温度控制在75-80℃;
④第一次离子交换:除去水解液中的无机酸和有机酸;采用阴离子交换树脂;
⑤第一次浓缩:离子交换除酸后的糖液通过减压蒸发,使糖液浓度提高到30%-35%,蒸发时间为 6-8h;
⑥第二次离子交换:除去灰份和阳离子,采用阳离子交换树脂;
⑦加氢处理:采用间歇釜式悬浮镍催化加氢,当反应温度为120-140℃,压力为70-80kg/cm2, pH值为 6-7,剂糖质量比为2%,反应时间为90-120min,转化率可达99%以上;
⑧第三次离子交换:氢化液的净化,净化后的木糖浆经过加氢会增加酸度和金属离子,要进一步净化 ,以除去这些杂质;
⑨第二次浓缩:采用真空蒸发结晶;蒸发浓缩前,先过滤除去氢化液中其他杂质及少量催化剂细未,蒸发浓缩过程温度控制65-75℃,真空度700mm汞柱以上;当浓缩液含醇量为90%时,进入结晶环节;
⑩结晶、成品:当醇膏温度降到60℃左右加入适当晶种,慢慢搅拌助晶 ,每小时降温l℃,直到比室内温度稍高时,即可分离取得成品。
7.根据权利要求5所述的可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤三制备甜味溶液的具体步骤如下:
将特制木糖10-30重量份、赤藓糖醇42.5-82.5重量份、L-阿拉伯糖1.5-3.5重量份、罗汉果甜苷2.5-7.5重量份混合均匀,溶解于550-700重量份的60-80℃的30%-70%乙醇水,搅拌使其溶解充分,得到甜味溶液;
步骤四制备甜味颗粒的具体步骤如下:
以第一步脱色制得的混合粉5-15份作为支撑物料使用,将基础支撑物料置包衣机中,以85-120转/min的速度进行转动;采用高压喷枪将甜味剂溶液以6-15mL/min的速度均匀地喷涂到基础支撑物料上,同时包衣机内的加热温度设定65-85度;收集得到的甜味颗粒,真空干燥,制得甜味颗粒粉。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,
步骤⑥中阳离子交换树脂选723型强酸阳离子树脂;
步骤⑧第三次离子交换中采用“阳柱-阴柱混合床”的组合;
步骤四制备甜味颗粒中所述真空干燥是在60-80℃下干燥1-2h。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010579810.2A CN111700277A (zh) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | 可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010579810.2A CN111700277A (zh) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | 可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物及其制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111700277A true CN111700277A (zh) | 2020-09-25 |
Family
ID=72542635
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010579810.2A Pending CN111700277A (zh) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | 可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物及其制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN111700277A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113974138A (zh) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 吉林嘉奥生物科技有限公司 | 一种赤藓糖醇复合糖粉及其制备方法 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101723799A (zh) * | 2008-10-14 | 2010-06-09 | 安素梅 | 用玉米芯制木糖醇的方法 |
CN101823939A (zh) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-08 | 山东福田药业有限公司 | 一种木糖醇制备新工艺 |
CN102086145A (zh) * | 2009-12-07 | 2011-06-08 | 天津太平洋制药有限公司 | 一种工业化木糖醇的生产方法 |
CN104146240A (zh) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-11-19 | 河南茗轩食品科技有限公司 | 一种降糖降脂保健组合物及其制备方法 |
CN105053955A (zh) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 蚌埠市华东生物科技有限公司 | 一种无后苦味降血糖的甜味剂 |
CN105753645A (zh) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-07-13 | 常州大学 | 一种纯度为55%的粉末木糖醇的制备方法 |
CN106578301A (zh) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 张菁华 | 一种不含蔗糖的食补养生果仁酥 |
CN110419730A (zh) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-11-08 | 武汉生物工程学院 | 一种糖尿病人可食用的甜味颗粒及其制备方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-06-23 CN CN202010579810.2A patent/CN111700277A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101723799A (zh) * | 2008-10-14 | 2010-06-09 | 安素梅 | 用玉米芯制木糖醇的方法 |
CN101823939A (zh) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-08 | 山东福田药业有限公司 | 一种木糖醇制备新工艺 |
CN102086145A (zh) * | 2009-12-07 | 2011-06-08 | 天津太平洋制药有限公司 | 一种工业化木糖醇的生产方法 |
CN104146240A (zh) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-11-19 | 河南茗轩食品科技有限公司 | 一种降糖降脂保健组合物及其制备方法 |
CN105053955A (zh) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 蚌埠市华东生物科技有限公司 | 一种无后苦味降血糖的甜味剂 |
CN105753645A (zh) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-07-13 | 常州大学 | 一种纯度为55%的粉末木糖醇的制备方法 |
CN106578301A (zh) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 张菁华 | 一种不含蔗糖的食补养生果仁酥 |
CN110419730A (zh) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-11-08 | 武汉生物工程学院 | 一种糖尿病人可食用的甜味颗粒及其制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
牟晓红: "向日葵籽壳生产木糖醇的工艺及方法", 《化工技术与开发》 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113974138A (zh) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 吉林嘉奥生物科技有限公司 | 一种赤藓糖醇复合糖粉及其制备方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Wang et al. | Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of a polysaccharide from flower buds of Lonicera japonica in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats | |
JP5718468B2 (ja) | ハリグワ及びヨクイニンを含む肥満抑制又は血糖降下用組成物、並びにその用途 | |
CN112120204A (zh) | 一种降血脂甜味组合物及其制备方法 | |
JP5139629B2 (ja) | TNF−αおよび一酸化窒素産生抑制剤 | |
CN108813501B (zh) | 具有清热润肺止咳化痰平喘和调节人体机能的养生蜂蜜膏 | |
KR20090040631A (ko) | 민들레 열수추출물을 유효성분으로 함유하는 면역질환의예방 또는 치료용 조성물 | |
CN111700277A (zh) | 可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物及其制备方法 | |
Zhang et al. | Sagittaria trifolia tuber: bioconstituents, processing, products, and health benefits | |
KR20090103239A (ko) | 천식 또는 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환에 효과적인 포도근 추출물을포함하는 조성물 | |
CN113710262A (zh) | 黄芩组合物和用于味道调节的方法 | |
KR20130011111A (ko) | 피토스테롤계 화합물을 포함하는 염증성 질환의 예방 또는 치료용 약학적 조성물 | |
CN111567800A (zh) | 可替代蔗糖的甜味组合物及其制备方法 | |
CN113080347A (zh) | 一种用于改善人体消化系统的本草饮料及其制作方式 | |
Nisha et al. | Nutritional and therapeutic benefits of sugarcane and its products | |
CN108295131B (zh) | 一种具有降压作用的植物提取物组合物、其制备方法及应用 | |
KR100846521B1 (ko) | 복합생약추출물(oca-ⅰ) 또는 이의분말(oca-ⅱ)을 함유하는 당뇨병 예방 및 치료용조성물 | |
KR100865900B1 (ko) | 복합생약추출물(occ-ⅰ) 또는 이의분말(occ-ⅱ)을 함유하는 당뇨병 예방 및 치료용조성물 | |
Zhang et al. | A review of the extraction and purification methods, biological activities, and applications of active compounds in Acanthopanax senticosus | |
Ling et al. | Advance in Hippophae rhamnoides polysaccharides: Extraction, structural characteristics, pharmacological activity, structure-activity relationship and application | |
KR102606384B1 (ko) | 팥순 유래 화합물을 포함하는 비만 억제용 조성물 | |
KR20130056940A (ko) | 벌나무 및 후박나무 추출물을 함유하는 당뇨병 또는 당뇨합병증 예방 및 치료용 조성물 | |
KR102647997B1 (ko) | 증숙생강 추출물 또는 이로부터 분리된 1-데하이드로-6-진저다이온을 유효성분으로 포함하는 퇴행성 관절염 예방, 개선, 또는 치료용 조성물 | |
KR20140064067A (ko) | 초피 및 흑호초 추출물을 함유하는 당뇨병 또는 당뇨합병증 예방 및 치료용 조성물 | |
KR102718539B1 (ko) | 면역활성이 증진된 해삼, 인삼, 해초 혼합추출물의 제조방법 | |
CN106491874B (zh) | 一种抑制肠源性内毒素血症的中药组合物 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200925 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |