CN111690901A - 一种TiAlSiN梯度硬质涂层及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种TiAlSiN梯度硬质涂层,包括基体,基体的顶部附着有Cr打底层,Cr打底层的顶部附着有成分梯度变化TiAlSiN层,TiAlSiN梯度层的顶部附着有TiSiN层,TiAlSiN梯度层中各元素的原子百分比含量变化范围为,Ti:25‑45at%,Al:10‑25at%,Si:2‑8at%,根据沉积偏压不同,成分依次变化。本发明,具有增加TiAlSiN涂层与基体的结合力、增强刀具的使用寿命的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及硬质镀膜领域,特别涉及一种TiAlSiN梯度硬质涂层及其制备方法。
背景技术
TiAlN涂层是一种硬度高,耐磨性好,抗高温氧化性好的硬质合金涂层,广泛应用于切削刀具和机械零件的表面改性。通过将Si引入TiAlN体系,Si与N原子结合形成表面非晶相Si3N4,可以使TiAlN涂层具有更优异的力学性能和更好的热稳定性,能够显著提高被涂层后刀具的使用寿命。但是,由于TiAlSiN涂层的高硬度特征,使其使其与基体的各项力学性能差异较大,容易导致应力集中,造成膜基结合失效。有研究表明,随着沉积时弧电流增大,涂层的硬度会增大,但同时残余应力也会随着增大。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种TiAlSiN梯度硬质涂层及其制备方法,通过梯度的改变沉积弧电流,使其接近基体处的膜层残余应力较小,接近表面的膜层硬度较大。通过合理设计,既减小了涂层和基底之间的硬度差异和应力,提高膜基结合力,又可以维持TiAlSiN涂层自身、增加TiAlSiN涂层与基体的结合力、增强刀具的使用寿命的优点。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:
一种TiAlSiN梯度硬质涂层,包括基体,所述基体的顶部附着有Cr打底层,所述Cr打底层的顶部附着有成分梯度变化TiAlSiN层,所述TiAlSiN梯度层的顶部附着有TiSiN层,所述TiAlSiN梯度层中各元素的原子百分比含量变化范围为,Ti:25-45at%,Al:10-25at%,Si:2-8at%,根据沉积弧电流不同,成分相应变化。
包括以下步骤:
步骤1、在基体上表面采用电弧离子镀沉积Cr打底层;
步骤2、在Cr打底层上通过改变弧电流沉积TiAlSiN梯度层;
步骤3、在TiAlSiN梯度层上沉积TiSiN层。
其中优选方案如下:
优选的:具体操作步骤如下:
1)将基体材料设置在真空室中的旋转支架上,将真空室抽真空至基本压力1.0×10-3Pa以下,加热至500-700℃;然后,用纯度至少为99.99%Ar将真空室的腔体填充至1.0×10-1-1.0Pa;启动Ar离子辉光放电,对基体材料的表面进行等离子体蚀刻30-40分钟,然后点燃若干个Cr靶进行2-5分钟Cr打底层沉积;
2)沉积梯度层,首先关闭Cr靶,通入400-600ccm的N2气,同时点燃若干个TiSi靶和若干个AlTi靶,调整TiSi靶弧电流为40-70A,AlTi靶弧电流为110-140A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层20-30分钟;然后调整TiSi靶弧电流为60-80A,保持AlTi靶弧电流为110-140A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层20-30分钟;继续调整TiSi靶弧电流为80-100A,AlTi靶弧电流为80-100A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层20-30分钟;最后调整TiSi靶弧电流为110-140A,AlTi靶弧电流为40-70A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层20-30分钟;
3)沉积TiSiN层,保持TiSi靶弧电流不变,关闭若干个AlTi靶,沉积TiSiN涂层20-30分钟。
优选的:1)、2)和3)中使用的合金靶为若干个纯Cr靶、若干个TiSi靶,若干个AlTi靶;TiSi靶中Ti:Si的原子百分含量的比例是70-90at%:10-30at%;AlTi靶中Al:Ti的原子百分含量的比例是60-80at%:20-40at%。
综上所述本发明具有增加TiAlSiN涂层与基体的结合力、增强刀具的使用寿命的优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种实施例的层结构原理示意图;
图2为本发明的TiAlSiN梯度硬质涂层的结合力测试图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
本实施例给出了一种用于硬质合金刀具表面的TiAlSiN梯度硬质涂层的制备方法,需要说明的是,本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
一种TiAlSiN梯度硬质涂层及其制备方法,包括基体,基体的顶部附着有Cr打底层,Cr打底层的顶部附着有成分梯度变化TiAlSiN层,TiAlSiN梯度层的顶部附着有TiSiN层,TiAlSiN梯度层中各元素的原子百分比含量变化范围为,Ti:25-45at%,Al:10-25at%,Si:2-8at%,根据沉积弧电流不同,成分相应变化,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、在基体上表面采用电弧离子镀沉积Cr打底层,其中,该基体材料为硬质合金;
步骤2、在Cr打底层上通过改变弧电流沉积TiAlSiN梯度层;
步骤3、在TiAlSiN梯度层上沉积TiSiN层。
其中分别调节不同的时间和弧电流,其中具体操作步骤如下:
实施方案一:
1)将基体材料设置在真空室中的旋转支架上,将真空室抽真空至基本压力1.0×10-3Pa以下,加热至500℃;然后,用纯度至少为99.99%Ar将真空室的腔体填充至1.0×10-1-1.0Pa;启动Ar离子辉光放电,对基体材料的表面进行等离子体蚀刻30分钟,然后点燃4个Cr靶进行2分钟Cr打底层沉积;
2)沉积梯度层,首先关闭Cr靶,通入400ccm的N2气,同时点燃4个TiSi靶和4个AlTi靶,调整TiSi靶弧电流为40A,AlTi靶弧电流为110A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层20分钟;然后调整TiSi靶弧电流为60A,保持AlTi靶弧电流为110A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层20分钟;继续调整TiSi靶弧电流为80A,AlTi靶弧电流为80A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层20分钟;最后调整TiSi靶弧电流为110A,AlTi靶弧电流为40A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层20分钟;
3)沉积TiSiN层,保持TiSi靶弧电流不变,关闭4个AlTi靶,沉积TiSiN涂层20分钟。
实施方案二:
1)将基体材料设置在真空室中的旋转支架上,将真空室抽真空至基本压力1.0×10-3Pa以下,加热至600℃;然后,用纯度至少为99.99%Ar将真空室的腔体填充至1.0×10-1-1.0Pa;启动Ar离子辉光放电,对基体材料的表面进行等离子体蚀刻35分钟,然后点燃4个Cr靶进行3分钟Cr打底层沉积;
2)沉积梯度层,首先关闭Cr靶,通入500ccm的N2气,同时点燃4个TiSi靶和4个AlTi靶,调整TiSi靶弧电流为55A,AlTi靶弧电流为125A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层25分钟;然后调整TiSi靶弧电流为70A,保持AlTi靶弧电流为125A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层25分钟;继续调整TiSi靶弧电流为90A,AlTi靶弧电流为90A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层25分钟;最后调整TiSi靶弧电流为125A,AlTi靶弧电流为50A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层25分钟;
3)沉积TiSiN层,保持TiSi靶弧电流不变,关闭4个AlTi靶,沉积TiSiN涂层25分钟。
实施方案三:
1)将基体材料设置在真空室中的旋转支架上,将真空室抽真空至基本压力1.0×10-3Pa以下,加热至700℃;然后,用纯度至少为99.99%Ar将真空室的腔体填充至1.0×10-1-1.0Pa;启动Ar离子辉光放电,对基体材料的表面进行等离子体蚀刻40分钟,然后点燃4个Cr靶进行5分钟Cr打底层沉积;
2)沉积梯度层,首先关闭Cr靶,通入600ccm的N2气,同时点燃4个TiSi靶和4个AlTi靶,调整TiSi靶弧电流为70A,AlTi靶弧电流为140A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层30分钟;然后调整TiSi靶弧电流为80A,保持AlTi靶弧电流为140A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层30分钟;继续调整TiSi靶弧电流为100A,AlTi靶弧电流为100A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层30分钟;最后调整TiSi靶弧电流为140A,AlTi靶弧电流为70A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层30分钟;
3)沉积TiSiN层,保持TiSi靶弧电流不变,关闭4个AlTi靶,沉积TiSiN涂层30分钟。
上面所说的三个实施方案中,1)、2)和3)中使用的合金靶均为4个纯Cr靶、4个TiSi靶,4个AlTi靶;TiSi靶中Ti:Si的原子百分含量的比例是80at%:20at%;AlTi靶中Al:Ti的原子百分含量的比例是70at%:30at%。
对实施方案一、实施方案二和实施方案三所做出来的产品分别进行对比和试验测试,测试效果如下:
因此,实施方案一的制备方法中对时间和弧电流对涂层的制备效果最佳,使刀具的使用寿命最为长久。
对本实施方案一中制备的TiAlSiN梯度硬质涂层进行了结合力实验测试。压痕形貌显示在图2中,从图中可以看出,涂层边缘光滑,没有裂纹,没有任何剥落现象。按照结合强度检测标准可以看出,涂层和基体的结合强度等级为HF1,为最高标准。可见,本发明的AlTiN梯度硬质涂层与基底有着良好的结合力。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释,其并不是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (4)
1.一种TiAlSiN梯度硬质涂层,其特征在于:包括基体,所述基体的顶部附着有Cr打底层,所述Cr打底层的顶部附着有成分梯度变化TiAlSiN层,所述TiAlSiN梯度层的顶部附着有TiSiN层,所述TiAlSiN梯度层中各元素的原子百分比含量变化范围为,Ti:25-45at%,Al:10-25at%,Si:2-8at%,根据沉积弧电流不同,成分相应变化。
2.一种权利要求1所述的TiAlSiN梯度硬质涂层的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、在基体上表面采用电弧离子镀沉积Cr打底层;
步骤2、在Cr打底层上通过改变弧电流沉积TiAlSiN梯度层;
步骤3、在TiAlSiN梯度层上沉积TiSiN层。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种TiAlSiN梯度硬质涂层的制备方法,其特征在于,具体操作步骤如下:
1)将基体材料设置在真空室中的旋转支架上,将真空室抽真空至基本压力1.0×10-3Pa以下,加热至500-700℃;然后,用纯度至少为99.99%Ar将真空室的腔体填充至1.0×10-1-1.0Pa;启动Ar离子辉光放电,对基体材料的表面进行等离子体蚀刻30-40分钟,然后点燃若干个Cr靶进行2-5分钟Cr打底层沉积;
2)沉积梯度层,首先关闭Cr靶,通入400-600ccm的N2气,同时点燃若干个TiSi靶和若干个AlTi靶,调整TiSi靶弧电流为40-70A,AlTi靶弧电流为110-140A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层20-30分钟;然后调整TiSi靶弧电流为60-80A,保持AlTi靶弧电流为110-140A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层20-30分钟;继续调整TiSi靶弧电流为80-100A,AlTi靶弧电流为80-100A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层20-30分钟;最后调整TiSi靶弧电流为110-140A,AlTi靶弧电流为40-70A,沉积TiAlSiN涂层20-30分钟;
3)沉积TiSiN层,保持TiSi靶弧电流不变,关闭若干个AlTi靶,沉积TiSiN涂层20-30分钟。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种TiAlSiN梯度硬质涂层的制备方法,其特征在于:1)、2)和3)中使用的合金靶为若干个纯Cr靶、若干个TiSi靶,若干个AlTi靶;TiSi靶中Ti:Si的原子百分含量的比例是70-90at%:10-30at%;AlTi靶中Al:Ti的原子百分含量的比例是60-80at%:20-40at%。
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CN115786850A (zh) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-03-14 | 西南交通大学 | 一种梯度涂层材料、其制备方法及应用 |
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CN105316629A (zh) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-02-10 | 上海应用技术学院 | 一种超硬纳微米多层复合涂层及其制备方法 |
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CN104862652A (zh) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-26 | 上海应用技术学院 | 一种TiAlSiN超硬梯度涂层的制备方法 |
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CN115786850A (zh) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-03-14 | 西南交通大学 | 一种梯度涂层材料、其制备方法及应用 |
CN115786850B (zh) * | 2022-12-13 | 2024-01-19 | 西南交通大学 | 一种梯度涂层材料、其制备方法及应用 |
CN115747718A (zh) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-03-07 | 常州夸克涂层科技有限公司 | 一种滚插齿刀涂层工艺 |
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