CN111689802A - Method for preparing carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer by using banana waste stalks - Google Patents
Method for preparing carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer by using banana waste stalks Download PDFInfo
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- CN111689802A CN111689802A CN202010571921.9A CN202010571921A CN111689802A CN 111689802 A CN111689802 A CN 111689802A CN 202010571921 A CN202010571921 A CN 202010571921A CN 111689802 A CN111689802 A CN 111689802A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of compost, in particular to a method for preparing carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer by utilizing banana waste stalks, which comprises the following steps: s1, uniformly mixing banana stems and dry chicken manure with water content lower than 3% according to a mass ratio of (8-9) to (1-2) to obtain a composting raw material; s2, uniformly mixing the weighed humic acid leavening agent and peanut bran or rice bran powder according to the mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a mixture A; s3, stacking for 18-25 days, and adding the mixture A obtained in the step S2 in a layering manner in the process of forming a stack body; s4, after the stacking in the step S3 is finished, evaporating and concentrating to 40% -60%. The invention adopts a high-pile dry-braising anaerobic method, and adds biological humic acid as a leavening agent to perform high-temperature fermentation treatment on materials, collect fermentation liquor, and perform concentration treatment by adopting rotary evaporation to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer with higher carbon-rich content.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of compost, in particular to a method for preparing a carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer by utilizing banana waste stalks.
Technical Field
The banana stalks are a large amount of agricultural wastes in tropical regions of China, and the same amount of stalks can be generated when bananas are harvested. At present, banana stalks in China are mainly used as agricultural wastes to be directly returned to fields or piled on roadside to be naturally rotten, so that the resource waste is greatly caused, and the ecological environment is destroyed. The banana stalk has water content of 90.5%, carbon content up to 34.5% and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content up to 5.6%, and is one kind of unique agricultural resource with rich nutrients. The banana stem contains a large amount of water and also contains high water-soluble organic matters, does not contain organic components which are difficult to degrade, has proper carbon-nitrogen ratio and is a good composting raw material. When the biomass raw materials such as banana stalks and the like are composted, a small-pile turning technology mainly based on anaerobism is adopted so as to degrade macromolecular organic molecules in the materials into small molecules and reduce the loss of carbon dioxide caused by oxidation as much as possible.
A large amount of fermentation liquor can be generated in the composting process of the banana stalks, and organic matters in the fermentation liquor mainly exist in a water-soluble molecular form, so that the banana stalk compost is a high-quality liquid fertilizer with rich nutrition. Most of fermentation liquor in the banana stem composting process is wasted.
The carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer is a liquid fertilizer which can provide organic nutrients with high water solubility and easy plant absorption, is different from the traditional solid organic fertilizer, has the characteristics of high carbon content, good solubility, quick response, high utilization rate and the like, can be widely applied to leaf spraying and water and fertilizer integrated application, is more suitable for application in the technical fields of soilless culture such as water culture, greenhouse substrate culture, aerial fog culture and the like, shows outstanding advantages of yield increase, high quality and stress resistance, has huge development potential in agricultural production, and therefore has great significance in development and application of the carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer.
The carbon loss in the form of carbon dioxide is large in the existing composting fermentation technology, and the organic matter loss of the obtained compost is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical problems of more organic matter loss and the like of compost in the prior art, and provides a method for preparing a carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer by using banana waste stalks.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing a carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer by using banana waste stalks comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing banana stems and dry chicken manure with the water content of less than 3% according to the mass ratio of (8-9) to (1-2) to obtain a composting raw material, wherein the C/N of the composting raw material is 20-30 after mixing according to the mass ratio;
s2, weighing a humic acid fermenting agent, wherein the mass ratio of the composting raw material to the humic acid fermenting agent is (150-250): 1; uniformly mixing the weighed humic acid leavening agent and peanut bran or rice bran powder according to the mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a mixture A;
s3, stacking the compost raw materials obtained in the step S1 to form a pile, stacking for 18-25 days, and adding the mixture A obtained in the step S2 in multiple layers in the process of forming the pile;
s4, after the stacking in the step S3 is finished, evaporating and concentrating to 40% -60%.
In step S3, the mixture A obtained in step S2 is added in multiple layers, and in the process of forming a stack, after some fermentation raw materials are fed, a layer of the mixture A is stacked, and then the stacking of the raw materials is started. The mixture A is stacked in more than 2 layers in the process.
The biological humic acid leavening agent (powder, commercially available) is a mixture containing a large number of spores of beneficial bacteria, and the spores can grow and reproduce once in a proper moisture environment. The fulvic acid and amino acid in the fermentation agent can provide carbon source and nitrogen source which are most easily absorbed and utilized by the microorganisms. Thus, a large number of microorganisms rapidly reproduce under the conditions of organic material heaps, starting the fermentation process. Because the flora families contained in the biological humic acid leavening agent have special matching proportion, after the pile temperature reaches a certain height, products of death or metabolism of some flora families form the material basis of reproduction of other flora families, so that the pile temperature is increased to be higher. The high temperature lasting for several days softens the tissues of cellulose and lignin in the organic matters, and the organic matters are more easily decomposed and utilized by microorganisms. In the later fermentation period, a large amount of oxygen is consumed in the pile, the oxidation process is weak, the fermentation temperature is reduced, anaerobic flora becomes active, and some humins-like substances begin to be converted into humins and even fulvic acid, so that the quality of the organic fertilizer effect is improved.
The mainstream technology of the organic liquid fertilizer is fermentation, the traditional commercial organic fertilizer adopts an aerobic high-temperature fermentation process, a large amount of organic carbon is oxidized into CO2 to be discharged, and the carbon loss can reach 66.7%. Natural simple substance carbon forms various stable structures in various different forms, the organic carbon fertilizer does not exist in the form of the simple substance carbon, but forms a certain compound which is easy to dissolve in water for use, the compound is fulvic acid, and the most active water-soluble substance of the fulvic acid is micromolecular organic carbon. Under the high temperature condition, the small molecular water-soluble organic carbon can be oxidized into CO2 to be volatilized in an oxygen-rich environment, and can be condensed into macromolecules to lose the hydrophilicity and the physiological activity of small molecules in an oxygen-poor environment.
The invention adopts an anaerobic method to carry out high-pile braising and drying on the materials, and the fermentation process is to control key process factors such as the proportion of raw and auxiliary materials of the compost, C/N, moisture content, the dosage of a fermentation microbial inoculum and the like so as to improve the carbon content of the compost and reduce the loss of carbon of the compost. Biological humic acid containing composite flora is used as a leaven, and the banana stalks are subjected to microbial fermentation, so that carbon is combined into humus, and a large amount of quick-acting water-soluble micromolecular organic nutrients are generated, thereby improving the activity of organic carbon. Because the micromolecule water-soluble organic carbon can be oxidized into CO in the oxygen-enriched environment under the high-temperature state2Volatilize and condense into macromolecules in an oxygen-deficient environment to lose the hydrophilicity and the physiological activity of small molecules. The carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer obtained by the invention is concentrated by 40-60% by adopting rotary evaporation equipment, so that the content of water-soluble organic carbon in the fermentation liquor is further improved.
Preferably, in the step S3, the moisture content of the compost raw material is controlled to 45-65% during the stacking process.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the banana stalks to the dried chicken manure in the step S1 is 9:1, or 8: 2.
Preferably, in the step S2, the mass ratio of the composting raw material to the humic acid fermenting agent is 200: 1.
Preferably, in the step S3, the stacking time is 20 days.
Preferably, in the step S3, the temperature of the stack is 25 to 73 ℃ during the stacking process.
Preferably, the time of the temperature of the stack body is 70-73 ℃ is 4-6 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a method for preparing carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer by utilizing banana stalks, which adopts a high-pile dry stewing anaerobic method, performs high-temperature fermentation treatment on materials by adding biological humic acid as a leavening agent, collects fermentation liquid, and performs concentration treatment by adopting rotary evaporation to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer with higher carbon-rich content.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the devices used in this example are all conventional experimental devices, the materials and reagents used are commercially available, and the experimental method without specific description is also a conventional experimental method.
Example 1
A method for preparing a carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer by using banana waste stalks comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing banana stems and dry chicken manure with water content lower than 3% according to a mass ratio of 9: 1: chopping fresh banana stalks to 2-3cm, and weighing 9 kg; weighing 1kg of dry chicken manure, mixing the dry chicken manure and the dry chicken manure into a pile, wherein C/N of the pile is 20;
s2, adding a humic acid leavening agent according to the mass ratio of the raw materials to the humic acid leavening agent of 1000: 5: when in addition, the leavening agent and the peanut bran or the cereal bran powder are mixed according to the proportion of 1:5 to obtain a mixture A.
S3, adding the mixture A into the pile body in a layered manner; adjusting the water content of the stacked body to 65% by using crushed rice straws; composting and fermenting for 20 days, wherein the highest temperature of the heap is 73 ℃, and the temperature is maintained for 5 days above 70 ℃. The exuded fermentation broth was collected daily to obtain 25.7L of fermentation broth.
S4, filtering the fermentation liquor, and condensing and concentrating the fermentation liquor by 40% by using a rotary evaporator to obtain 15.4L of organic liquid fertilizer.
The content of water-soluble organic carbon in the fermentation liquor is 16.8g/L, the content of all N (0.91%), the content of all P (0.08%), the content of all K (1.35%) and the content of total nutrients is 2.34%.
Example 2
A method for preparing a carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer by using banana waste stalks comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing banana stems and dry chicken manure with water content lower than 3% according to a mass ratio of 8: 2: chopping fresh banana stalks to 2-3cm, and weighing 8 kg; weighing 2kg of dry chicken manure, mixing the dry chicken manure and the dry chicken manure into a pile, wherein the C/N of the pile is 25;
s2, adding a humic acid leavening agent according to the mass ratio of the raw materials to the humic acid leavening agent of 1000: 5: when in addition, the leavening agent and the peanut bran or the cereal bran powder are mixed according to the proportion of 1:5 to obtain a mixture A;
s3, adding the mixture A into the pile body in a layered manner; adding the mixture into the stack in layers; adjusting the water content of the pile body to 55% by using crushed rice straws; fermenting in a pile for 20 days, wherein the highest temperature of the pile is 75 ℃, and the temperature is maintained for 6 days above 70 ℃. The exuded fermentation broth was collected daily to obtain 24.5L of fermentation broth.
S4, filtering the fermentation liquor, and condensing and concentrating the fermentation liquor by 50% by using a rotary evaporator to obtain 12.2L of organic liquid fertilizer.
The content of water-soluble organic carbon in the fermentation liquor is detected to be 19.8g/L, total N (0.95%), total P (0.12%), total K (1.66%) and total nutrient is detected to be 2.73%.
Example 3
A method for preparing a carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer by using banana waste stalks comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing banana stems and dry chicken manure with water content lower than 3% according to a mass ratio of 8: 2: chopping fresh banana stalks to 2-3cm, and weighing 8 kg; weighing 2kg of dry chicken manure, mixing the dry chicken manure and the dry chicken manure into a pile, wherein C/N of the pile is 30;
s2, adding a humic acid leavening agent according to the mass ratio of the raw materials to the humic acid leavening agent of 1000: 5: when in addition, the leavening agent and the peanut bran or the cereal bran powder are mixed according to the proportion of 1:5 to obtain a mixture A;
and S3, adding the mixture A into the stack in a layered manner. Adjusting the water content of the pile body to 45% by using crushed rice straws; composting and fermenting for 20 days, wherein the highest temperature of a heap is 72.6 ℃, and the temperature is maintained for 5 days above 70 ℃. The exuded fermentation broth was collected daily to obtain 26.8L of fermentation broth.
S4, filtering the fermentation liquor, and condensing and concentrating the fermentation liquor by a rotary evaporator for 60 days to obtain 10.7L of organic liquid fertilizer.
Detecting the content of water-soluble organic carbon in the fermentation liquor by 20.3g/L, total N (0.95%), total P (0.09%), total K (1.43%) and total nutrient by 2.47%.
As can be seen from the above examples, the organic carbon content of the organic liquid fertilizer obtained by the method is higher, and both N, P, K and the total nutrient are higher than those of the organic liquid fertilizer obtained by the common composting method.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for preparing a carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer by using banana waste stalks is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing banana stems and chicken manure with water content of less than 3% according to a mass ratio of (8-9) to (1-2) to obtain a compost raw material;
s2, weighing a humic acid fermenting agent, wherein the mass ratio of the composting raw material to the humic acid fermenting agent is (150-250): 1; uniformly mixing the weighed humic acid leavening agent and peanut bran or rice bran powder according to the mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a mixture A;
s3, stacking the compost raw materials obtained in the step S1 to form a pile, stacking for 18-25 days, and adding the mixture A obtained in the step S2 in multiple layers in the process of forming the pile;
s4, after the stacking in the step S3 is finished, evaporating and concentrating to 40% -60%.
2. The method for preparing the carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer by using the waste banana stalks according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the moisture content of the compost raw materials in the stacking process is controlled to be 45-65%.
3. The method for preparing the carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer by using the waste banana stalks according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the banana stalks to the dry chicken manure in the step S1 is 9:1 or 8: 2.
4. The method for preparing the carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer from the waste banana stalks according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the mass ratio of the compost raw materials to the humic acid fermenting agent is 200: 1.
5. The method for preparing the carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer from the waste banana stalks according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the stacking time is 20 days.
6. The method for preparing the carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer from the waste banana stalks according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the temperature of the stacked body is 25-73 ℃ in the stacking process.
7. The method for preparing the carbon-rich organic liquid fertilizer by using the waste banana stalks according to claim 6, wherein the time for stacking the banana stalks at 70-73 ℃ is 4-6 days.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113480352A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-10-08 | 河南农业大学 | Method for straw mushroom residue combined composting |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102336595A (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2012-02-01 | 匡石滋 | Method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer by biological fermentation of banana stalk and leaves |
| CN102432355A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-05-02 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | Banana stem organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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- 2020-06-22 CN CN202010571921.9A patent/CN111689802A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102336595A (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2012-02-01 | 匡石滋 | Method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer by biological fermentation of banana stalk and leaves |
| CN102432355A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-05-02 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | Banana stem organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 匡石滋等: "香蕉与菠萝茎叶资源肥料化利用模式及技术", 《现代农业科技》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113480352A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-10-08 | 河南农业大学 | Method for straw mushroom residue combined composting |
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Inventor after: Kuang Shizi Inventor after: Shao Xuehua Inventor after: Lai Duo Inventor after: Xiao Weiqiang Inventor after: Liu Chuanhe Inventor after: He Han Inventor after: Huang Jianhui Inventor after: Ouyang Jiamin Inventor after: Wan Yan Inventor before: Kuang Shizi Inventor before: Shao Xuehua Inventor before: Lai Duo Inventor before: Xiao Weiqiang Inventor before: Liu Chuanhe Inventor before: He Han |
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Effective date of registration: 20220831 Address after: Two street 510640 Guangdong city of Guangzhou province Tianhe District Wushan Dafeng No. 80 Applicant after: INSTITUTE OF FRUIT TREE RESEARCH, GUANGDONG ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Applicant after: Agricultural Service Center of Tanzhou Town, Zhongshan City Address before: Two street 510640 Guangdong city of Guangzhou province Tianhe District Wushan Dafeng No. 80 Applicant before: INSTITUTE OF FRUIT TREE RESEARCH, GUANGDONG ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES |
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