CN111685134A - 一种含有植物精油的除螨抑菌功效组合物及应用 - Google Patents

一种含有植物精油的除螨抑菌功效组合物及应用 Download PDF

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CN111685134A
CN111685134A CN202010688752.7A CN202010688752A CN111685134A CN 111685134 A CN111685134 A CN 111685134A CN 202010688752 A CN202010688752 A CN 202010688752A CN 111685134 A CN111685134 A CN 111685134A
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mite
oil
composition
killing
essential oil
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张慧明
冯士清
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Beijing Meike Xingye Biotechnology Co ltd
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Beijing Meike Xingye Biotechnology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种含有植物精油的除螨抑菌功效组合物及应用。它由占组合物总量的5～60％的除螨活性物，2～30％的植物精油，5～45％的微生物杀灭剂，以及20～70％的溶剂组成。克服了单一或单类功效成分的局限，使用量低，水溶性好，方便添加使用，广泛用于洗衣液、清洁剂、空气清新剂、空调杀菌剂、宠物清洁用品等家居环境用品中，起到除螨和抑菌的双重功效。

Description

一种含有植物精油的除螨抑菌功效组合物及应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种含有植物精油的除螨抑菌功效组合物，主要用于洗衣液、清洁剂、空气清新剂、空调杀菌剂、宠物清洁用品等家居环境用品中，起到除螨和抑菌的双重功效。
背景技术
螨虫作为一种肉眼难见的微小生物给人类日常生活带来了很大困扰。日常生活中尘螨无处不在，被褥床垫、衣橱衣服、鞋柜、儿童玩具、地毯沙发以及房间的各个角落都存在大量尘螨。尘螨体型微小但具有危害性，尘螨过敏患者可导致皮肤瘙痒、过敏性鼻炎、呼吸道感染、荨麻疹甚至哮喘等症状。在一项对583例变应性鼻炎患者进行的变应原调查中发现，对屋尘螨和粉尘螨过敏的人数分别占72.6％和68.8％。对于南方年平均温度20℃、湿度70％以上的环境，更适合尘螨的繁殖，以至于我国南方和中东部城市螨虫的密度要显著高于北部城市。针对尘螨的特点及其带来的危害越来越明显，近年来市面上除螨产品也相应增多，除了采用物理方法的除螨仪外，各种化学除螨产品如除螨包、除螨洗衣液、除螨喷雾等不一而足，其宣称大多为植物除螨、驱螨。实际上许多植物中包含的精油等成分确实具有驱除甚至杀死螨虫的作用，但需要其含量达到足够高才可以，同时精油类成分具有挥发性，随着挥发后含量的逐渐降低，驱螨功效将大大减小。因此，想要有效并长效驱螨甚至杀螨，化学合成的活性成分仍是主流。能够杀螨的成分很多，但多是一些具有杀虫功能的农药成分。寻找性质稳定、安全高效低毒、适于家居用品及环境的除螨活性成分是产品开发的首要目标。
现有专利多为宣传植物成分的除螨效果或者为除螨活性成分在产品中的直接应用，如除螨洗衣液、除螨皂等。将化学除螨剂、植物除螨剂与抑菌剂结合，添加于多种家居产品中，发挥除螨抑菌功效的组合物还较为少见。
中国专利申请公布号CN 107519072 A，申请公布日2017年12月29日，公开了一种除螨精油的配方及制作方法，包括杏仁油、茶树精油、芳樟叶油、肉桂油、茴香油等多种成分，除螨效果好，同时对皮肤不产生刺激。但配方中成分几乎全为精油，挥发后则失去功效，且纯精油配方不溶于水，适用范围窄。
中国专利申请公布号CN 110915828 A，申请公布日2020年03月27日，公开了一种高效防螨组合物及其制备方法，活性成分包括拟除虫菊酯、消毒剂和艾草提取物质量比为1：1：2～3，利用天然和化学成分，协同发挥抗螨作用，毒性低，适合家居环境使用。组合物虽为化学除螨剂与植物提取物的组合，但其采用拟除虫菊酯类农药，考虑到安全性和消费者喜好，农药类除虫剂的使用有一定的局限性。
中国专利申请公布号CN 110777019 A，申请公布日2020年2月11日，申请公开了一种含十二烷基二亚三胺具有杀灭螨虫功能的织物洗涤剂，将杀螨灭螨功效与洗涤剂有机结合，在正常的洗涤去污过程中杀螨灭螨同时完成，兼具杀菌消毒、护色、防串色功能。组合物中未使用精油成分且只应用于织物洗涤方向。
在对现有专利的检索中发现，现有技术存在如下不足：①单纯使用精油作为除螨活性成分很难达到长效除螨的作用，往往只作为驱避剂使用；而且产品不具水溶性或水溶性较差，使用不便。②组合物化学除螨成分通常使用农药作为主要活性物，应用受限。③除螨效果达不到预期目标或只有驱螨功效。④产品功能单一。
随着消费者对产品要求的不断提高，高效、长效、低毒除螨、抑菌等需求需要同时满足，这对成分的选择和复配提出了更高的要求。在充分发挥植物精油作用的基础上，复配非农药品种的化学除螨活性成分，在杀灭螨虫的同时又可将其携带或其生存环境中的细菌一并清除才是除螨产品的最终目标。
本发明的目的是提供一种含有植物精油的具除螨和抑菌双重功效的组合物及应用，克服了单一或单类功效成分的局限，使用量低，水溶性好，方便使用，可添加于几乎所有品类的家居洗涤、清洁、抑菌用品中，高效长效除螨、气味清新、使用安全，且添加本组合物的产品无需再额外使用防腐抑菌剂。
发明内容
本发明提供一种含有除螨活性物、植物精油、微生物杀灭剂的组合物，通过各成分间的有机组合，发挥协同作用，达到最佳的除螨抑菌效果。该组合物中植物精油的加入可作为除螨活性物的协同增效剂，降低化学除螨剂的添加量，同时带来清新愉悦的气味；微生物杀灭剂复配其中，增加了组合物的抑、杀菌功能，并进一步强化除螨效果；该组合物有效除螨的同时对常见微生物具有优异的抑杀作用，可溶于水，效果稳定，使用量低。
本发明组合物由以下组分组成：
(A)除螨活性物；
(B)植物精油；
(C)微生物杀灭剂；
(D)溶剂。
所述组合物中组分(A)除螨活性物为包括邻苯二甲酸二甲酯、N，N-二乙基间甲苯酰胺、月桂基二亚乙二氨基甘氨酸、月桂胺二亚丙基二胺、N，N-二乙基苯乙酰胺、N，N-二乙基苯甲酰胺、N，N-二甲基辛癸酰胺中的一种或两种的混合物。
所述组合物中组分(B)植物精油为包括连翘油、互生叶白千层叶油、香茅油、蓝桉叶油、柠檬香茅油、柠檬草油、柠檬油、薰衣草油、丁香油、肉桂油、印度楝籽油、百里香油、青蒿油、樟脑油、龙脑油、花椒果油、艾叶油、薄荷油中的一种或至少两种的混合物。
所述组合物中组分(C)微生物杀灭剂为包括2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、2-正辛基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、4，5-二氯-N-辛基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、1，2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮、2-丁基-1，2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮、醋酸氯己定、葡糖酸氯己定、三氯羟基二苯醚、氯二甲酚、苯扎氯铵、苯扎溴铵、苯扎糖精铵、聚氨丙基胍中的一种或两种的混合物。
所述组合物中组分(D)溶剂为包括1，2-丙二醇、甲基丙二醇、二丙二醇、1，3-丙二醇、1，3-丁二醇、1，2-己二醇、1，2-戊二醇、1，2-辛二醇、1，2-癸二醇、聚乙二醇、苯氧乙醇、苯乙醇、苯丙醇、乙基己基甘油、丙二醇碳酸酯、水中的一种或至少两种的混合物。
其中，所述组合物中组分(A)除螨活性物重量百分含量为5-60％；优选为15-50％。
所述组合物中组分(B)植物精油重量百分含量为2-30％；优选为5-20％。
所述组合物中组分(C)微生物杀灭剂重量百分含量为5-45％；优选为5-25％。
所述组合物中组分(D)溶剂重量百分含量为20-70％；优选为30-65％。
本发明组合物制备方法为：将组分(A)除螨活性物、(D)溶剂及(C)微生物杀灭剂加入容器后搅拌，升温至40-45℃，溶解完全后降温至35℃以下再加入组分(B)植物精油，搅拌均匀后即得。
本发明组合物在较低的添加量(≤0.5％)下，即可达到100％的杀螨率，并对常见微生物具有很好的抑杀作用。产品适用性广，使用量小，成本低，所使用的天然提取的植物精油具有协同驱螨、灭螨作用，极大降低了化学除螨剂的用量，提高安全性，对人体无害。组合物可水溶，适合各种场合使用。
本发明应用的家居环境用品包括但不限于空气清新剂、空调杀菌剂、洗衣机清洗剂、环境清洁剂、除螨喷雾、除螨包、除螨洗衣液、洗衣皂、宠物清洁用品等产品。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例有助于本领域技术人员更全面地理解本发明，但不以任何方式限制本发明。在这些实施例中，所有用量和比例均按重量计。
实施例1
表1除螨抑菌组合物各组分含量(重量％)
Figure BDA0002588574690000031
Figure BDA0002588574690000041
配制方法：在带搅拌、温度计的100mL三口瓶中，按表1各组分含量，加入溶剂和除螨活性物搅拌并加热至40～45℃，维持相应温度，加入微生物杀灭剂，继续搅拌至全溶后降温至35℃以下，加入植物精油，混合均匀即得稳定透明的除螨抑菌组合物溶液配方。
实施例2
考察实施例1中部分配方的耐寒，耐热，光照稳定性，结果见表2。
表2部分配方稳定性
Figure BDA0002588574690000051
表2显示组合物配方光照、冷冻及高温条件下颜色、状态均不改变，体现出良好的稳定性。
实施例3
本实施例考察组合物的水溶性。
单独的植物精油配方水溶性都较差，将4#、10#组合物中除螨活性物及微生物杀灭剂全部替换为溶剂1,2-丙二醇作为对比样品，编号为4#(-3)、10#(-3)。考察实施例1中部分配方使用量下的水溶性。结果见表3。
表3部分配方水溶性及对比结果
Figure BDA0002588574690000052
Figure BDA0002588574690000061
与只含有植物精油为除螨活性物的配方进行对比，组合物中选用的月桂胺二亚丙基二胺等活性物具有表面活性剂的性质，对植物精油及水溶性差的微生物杀灭剂具有增溶作用，助其溶解于水中，并在使用量及不同温度条件下保持稳定，精油和杀菌剂的水溶状态有助于更好的发挥抑杀菌功效。
实施例4
本实施例对实施例1中部分配方的除螨有效性进行考察。
将7#、10#组合物中的植物精油全部替换为相应溶剂，作为对比样品编号为7#(-4)、10#(-4)。
参考NY/T 1151.2-2006《农药登记卫生用杀虫剂室内药效试验方法及评价第2部分：灭螨和驱螨剂》对配方的除螨效果进行考察。
1.供试螨种：粉尘螨(Dermatophagoides farinae)，雌雄成螨和若螨；
2.测试结果：见表4。
表4组合物灭螨试验结果
Figure BDA0002588574690000062
评价参考如下：
Figure BDA0002588574690000063
对比7#与7#(-4)、10#与10#(-4)样品的试验结果，在达到灭螨率B级的除螨活性物用量下，植物精油的加入可使其灭螨率提高到100％的A级。说明植物精油有明显的协同灭螨效果，相当于在一定程度上可降低化学除螨活性物的用量。
实施例5
本实施例对实施例1中部分配方的抑菌性能进行考察。
参考GB15979-2002《一次性使用卫生用品卫生标准》进行抑菌性能测试。
1.试验菌株：细菌(金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 6538、大肠杆菌8099、白色念珠菌ATCC10231)。要求回收菌数为1×104CFU/mL～9×104CFU/mL。
2.试验样品：分别配制0.5％实施例1表1中5#、8#组合物的水溶液，再按不同稀释度进行试验。
3.抑菌试验：吸取试验菌液0.1ml加入到含5ml样品的试管中，均匀混合，开始计时，作用2min，取试验菌与样品的混合液0.5ml，加入到含5ml PBS的试管中，充分混匀，吸取样液1ml，置于两个平皿，用凉至40℃～45℃的营养琼脂培养基(细菌)或沙氏琼脂培养基(白色念珠菌)15ml作倾注，转动平皿，使其充分均匀，待琼脂凝固后翻转平板，35℃±2℃培养48h(细菌)或72h(白色念珠菌)后，作活菌菌落计数。以PBS代替试验样品，按以上步骤操作，作为对照样品。计算抑菌率。
4.试验结果：见表5。
表5组合物抑菌效果
Figure BDA0002588574690000071
组合物5#与8#中抑菌剂的含量分别为7.5％和8.0％(以氯己定计)，但5#组合物中精油添加量较高，其水溶液在相同稀释倍数下比8#组合物对大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌抑菌性能更好，说明植物精油具有很强的抑制微生物作用，可部分代替抑菌剂，降低其用量。
实施例6
本实施例考察实施例1中部分配方在抑菌洗衣液产品中的应用效果。
参考QB/T 2850-2007《抗菌抑菌型洗涤剂》进行抑菌性试验。
1.试验菌株：同实施例5。
2.试验样品：按表6配制除螨抑菌洗衣液配方，其中抑菌剂分别使用实施例1中的部分配方，含量皆为0.4％，对应关系为A—7#、B—9#、C—12#，以相应字母作为样品编号。实验时将洗衣液以1：100稀释为作用浓度，考察其抑菌效果。
表6组合物抑菌试验基础配方
Figure BDA0002588574690000081
3.抑菌试验：作用时间为20min，其他过程同实施例5。
4.试验结果：见表7。
表7洗衣液对三种菌的抑制结果
Figure BDA0002588574690000082
表7结果显示各组合物在实际应用中抑菌效果优异，植物精油的加入还可掩盖不良气味，使用时清新宜人。组合物可作为家居日化产品的优良抑菌剂。
实施例7
本实施例考察实施例1中部分配方在几种除螨产品中的应用效果。
参考NY/T 1151.2-2006《农药登记卫生用杀虫剂室内药效试验方法及评价第2部分：灭螨和驱螨剂》
1.试验样品：按表8、表9、表10分别配制供试样品。
表8空气清新剂
Figure BDA0002588574690000091
表9空调除螨抑菌喷雾剂
Figure BDA0002588574690000092
表10宠物香波
Figure BDA0002588574690000093
Figure BDA0002588574690000101
2.供试螨种：粉尘螨(Dermatophagoides farinae)，雌雄成螨和若螨。
3.测试结果：见表11。
表11组合物应用灭螨试验结果
Figure BDA0002588574690000102
评价参考如下：
Figure BDA0002588574690000103
从表11试验结果看，各组合物在多种环境、家居及宠物用产品中均体现出优异的灭螨效果，具有很高的实际应用价值。

Claims (11)

1.一种含有植物精油的除螨抑菌功效组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物由除螨活性物、植物精油、微生物杀灭剂及溶剂组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含有植物精油的除螨抑菌功效组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物中除螨活性物为邻苯二甲酸二甲酯、N，N-二乙基间甲苯酰胺、月桂基二亚乙二氨基甘氨酸、月桂胺二亚丙基二胺、N，N-二乙基苯乙酰胺、N，N-二乙基苯甲酰胺、N，N-二甲基辛癸酰胺中的一种或两种的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的含有植物精油的除螨抑菌功效组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物中植物精油为连翘油、互生叶白千层叶油、香茅油、蓝桉叶油、柠檬香茅油、柠檬草油、柠檬油、薰衣草油、丁香油、肉桂油、印度楝籽油、百里香油、青蒿油、樟脑油、龙脑油、花椒果油、艾叶油、薄荷油中的一种或至少两种的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的含有植物精油的除螨抑菌功效组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物中微生物杀灭剂为2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、2-正辛基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、4，5-二氯-N-辛基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、1，2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮、2-丁基-1，2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮、醋酸氯己定、葡糖酸氯己定、三氯羟基二苯醚、氯二甲酚、苯扎氯铵、苯扎溴铵、苯扎糖精铵、聚氨丙基胍中的一种或两种的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的含有植物精油的除螨抑菌功效组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物中溶剂为1，2-丙二醇、甲基丙二醇、二丙二醇、1，3-丙二醇、1，3-丁二醇、1-己二醇、1，2-戊二醇、1，2-辛二醇、1，2-癸二醇、聚乙二醇、苯氧乙醇、苯乙醇、苯丙醇、乙基己基甘油、丙二醇碳酸酯、水中的一种或至少两种的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物中除螨活性物重量百分比含量为5-60％；优选为15-50％。
7.根据权利要求1-5任一所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物中植物精油重量百分比含量为2-30％；优选为5-20％。
8.根据权利要求1-5任一所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物中微生物杀灭剂重量百分比含量为5-45％；优选为5-25％。
9.根据权利要求1-5任一所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物中溶剂重量百分比含量为20-70％；优选为30-65％。
10.根据权利要求1-5任一所述的组合物，其特征在于，其制备方法为：向配方溶剂中加入除螨活性物搅拌并加热至40～45℃，维持相应温度，加入微生物杀灭剂，继续搅拌至全溶后降温至35℃以下，加入植物精油，混合均匀即得稳定透明的除螨抑菌组合物溶液配方。
11.根据权利要求1-5任一所述的组合物用于洗衣液、清洁剂、空气清新剂、空调杀菌剂、宠物清洁用品等家居环境用品中，起到除螨和抑菌的双重功效。
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CN114366788B (zh) * 2022-01-12 2023-06-02 河南安进生物工程有限公司 一种除螨组合物及其制备工艺
CN114514929A (zh) * 2022-02-24 2022-05-20 广东金发科技有限公司 一种消毒剂及其制备方法和应用
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CN115006290A (zh) * 2022-06-15 2022-09-06 广州品赫化妆品有限公司 一种植物复方精油纳米乳及其制备方法与应用
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CN115316405A (zh) * 2022-09-14 2022-11-11 昆山博青生物科技有限公司 一种除味杀菌剂及其制备方法
CN115500361A (zh) * 2022-09-27 2022-12-23 上海家化联合股份有限公司 包含薄荷叶油的水基产品及其灭螨应用

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