CN111672488A - 一种dop废水吸附剂的再生方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种DOP废水吸附剂的再生方法,包括:在氮气条件下,吸附有机物的吸附剂原位进行微波热解析,使吸附剂恢复吸附能力;在催化剂作用下,微波热解析产生的有机物在空气气氛下进行临氧裂解处理。本发明针对废水用吸附剂的再生,将原位微波再生和临氧裂解结合,先通过原位微波脱附使吸附剂再生,再利用临氧裂解从根本上消除再生过程产生的二次污染气体,从而实现吸附剂的安全高效低成本的再生。本发明具有处理简便、效率高的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于废水处理领域,涉及一种DOP废水吸附剂的再生方法,具体涉及一种吸附剂微波再生及再生废气处理。
背景技术
活性炭具有较强的吸附普适性和吸附能力,在水处理过程中常用于吸附废水中的多种物质。吸附饱和的活性炭若不进行回收处理,不仅增加了清洁活性炭的投入成本,也造成了严重的资源浪费,同时有可能造成二次污染。加热再生法是当前主流的活性炭再生方法,但加热温度在700℃以上时才能取得理想的再生效果,不可避免的,在高温再生过程中会发生活性炭的部分氧化,导致活性炭强度减小,表面细孔也渐渐扩大,灰分杂质变多等现象,严重降低了活性炭的再生利用率。
找到高效且低耗的活性炭再生及再生污染物处理方案一直是一个巨大的挑战。专利申请CN107670455A利用活性炭吸附净化印刷行业的废气,实现了印刷行业废气的自动不间断连续吸附,吸附饱和的活性炭吸附板经微波和超声脱附、气体活化等处理使活性炭再生,加热再生温度低,人工少,安全节能,降低了企业治污成本。但再生过程产生的废气含有大量有机物,并未得到完全氧化分解,从而产生二次污染。专利申请CN108435152A利用超声波发生器和曝气设备振荡出活性炭表面及内部的大多数污染物,运行一段时间后排出废液,关闭超声波发生器,接着通入清水,加入已经培养好的能够定向吸附某类污染物的微生物泥水,对残余的污染物进行降解去除,通过超声波和微生物的协同作用,绝大多数的污染物得以去除,但只能处理一些可生物降解的污染物,再生具有极大的局限性。专利CN206613318U将活性炭对有机废气中有机物的吸附/再生和有机废气的催化燃烧集成在一个系统中,将活性炭吸附后解吸产生的有机废气通入催化燃烧反应器中,在催化剂的作用下将有机分子转变为二氧化碳和水。该专利利用风机进行脱附再生,使得系统为间歇性吸附,导致废气处理效率低下。
发明内容
本发明针对DOP废水用吸附剂提供一种再生方法,将原位微波再生和临氧裂解结合,先通过原位微波热解析使吸附剂再生,再利用临氧裂解从根本上消除再生过程产生的二次污染气体,从而实现吸附剂的安全高效低成本的再生。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种DOP废水吸附剂的再生方法,包括:在氮气条件下,吸附有机物的吸附剂原位进行微波热解析,使吸附剂恢复吸附能力;在催化剂作用下,微波热解析产生的有机物在空气气氛下进行临氧裂解处理,消除二次污染;其中,所述的有机物为DOP废水含有的有机物。
所述的DOP废水吸附剂的再生方法,具体包括:氮气通入吸附塔中,启动微波装置,微波直接作用于吸附剂吸附的有机物上,对吸附有机物的吸附剂原位进行微波热解析,热解析产生的含有机物的氮气与空气混合后进入临氧裂解装置,在催化剂作用下进行临氧裂解处理。
所述的DOP废水的COD约为1000~20000mgO2/L。DOP生产废水主要含邻苯二甲酸盐类、邻苯二甲酸、微量的醇类等物质,其中,邻苯二甲酸盐类(如邻苯二甲酸二钠、邻苯二甲酸钾等)的含量为0.01~0.05wt%,邻苯二甲酸的含量为0.5~1wt%,醇类(如甲醇,丙醇等)的含量为0.1~0.2wt%。
所述的吸附剂为沸石、活性炭或分子筛。吸附剂主要通过物理吸附及氢键作用力吸附DOP废水中主要成分邻苯二甲酸,考虑到吸附量、吸附速率及再生效果等因素,所述的吸附剂优选为沸石(ZSM-5沸石)、粒径20目的颗粒活性炭或介孔分子筛(如MCM-41分子筛)。
所述的氮气以20~40m3 氮气/(h·kg吸附剂)的速率通入吸附塔中。
所述的微波热解析的温度为100~500℃。
所述的氮气(以进入吸附塔计)和空气的体积比为1:1~1:5,总空速为5000~50000h-1。
所述的临氧裂解的温度为250~450℃。
所述的催化剂以氧化铝、氧化硅、碳化硅、稀土Y分子筛、Hβ分子筛、ZSM-5分子筛、MCM-41分子筛、MCM-42分子筛中的一种或两种为载体,以过渡金属氧化物为活性组分,活性组分的负载量为1~20%。
所述的过渡金属氧化物为氧化钛、氧化钒、氧化铬、氧化锰、氧化铁、氧化钴、氧化镍、氧化铜、氧化锌,氧化镧、氧化铈、氧化镨、氧化钕中的两种或三种。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明不需要将吸附剂从吸附柱中取出、去另外的再生设备中对吸附剂加热再生,而是采用原位微波热解析法,减少了吸附剂装卸的步骤,节约操作时间,大大提高了效率。同时原位微波再生产生的废气采用临氧裂解,消除了吸附剂再生过程中产生的二次污染。
附图说明
图1为本发明微波再生装置示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
在吸附塔内装有50kg20目颗粒活性炭,COD为10486mgO2/L的DOP废水进入吸附塔,监测吸附塔出口液COD,当其与入口液COD几乎相等,判定吸附柱吸附饱和,此时,对吸附剂进行再生。
微波热解析使用的是商用微波加热装置,加热时根据温度自动调整功率,微波频率固定为2400MHz。如图1,启动微波装置,微波直接作用于吸附剂吸附的有机物上,进行原位微波热解析:氮气按照流量1500m3/h通入吸附塔内,在温度500℃下使吸附剂恢复吸附能力。热解析产生的含有有机质的氮气与1500m3/h空气混合后进入临氧裂解装置(临氧裂解装置中装填5%CuO-15%Pr2O3/H-ZSM分子筛催化剂,装填量为150L),在温度250℃下进行临氧裂解处理,净化后气体中VOCs总量10mg/m3。
实施例2
吸附塔内装有30kgZSM-5沸石,COD为4602mgO2/L的DOP废水进入吸附塔,监测吸附塔出口液COD,当其与入口液COD几乎相等,判定吸附柱吸附饱和,此时,对吸附剂进行再生。
启动微波装置,微波直接作用于吸附剂吸附的有机物上,进行原位微波热解析:氮气按照流量1500m3/h通入吸附塔内,在温度250℃下使吸附剂恢复吸附能力。热解析产生的含有有机质的废气与5000m3/h空气混合后进入临氧裂解装置(临氧裂解装置中装填2.5%V2O5-5.5%Co3O4/MCM-41分子筛催化剂,装填量为200L),在温度450℃下进行临氧裂解处理,净化后气体中VOCs总量7.9mg/m3。
实施例3
吸附塔内装有100kgMCM-41分子筛,COD为10429mgO2/L的DOP废水进入吸附塔,监测吸附塔出口液COD,当其与入口液COD几乎相等,判定吸附柱吸附饱和,此时,对吸附剂进行再生。
启动微波装置,微波直接作用于吸附剂吸附的有机物上,进行原位微波热解析:氮气按照流量2000m3/h通入吸附塔内,在温度500℃下使吸附剂恢复吸附能力;热解析产生的含有有机杂质的氮气与4000m3/h空气混合后进入临氧裂解装置(临氧裂解装置中装填7.5%CeO2-12.5%Cr2O3/Y分子筛催化剂,装填量为480L),在温度300℃下进行临氧裂解处理,净化后气体中VOCs总量3.9mg/m3。
实施例4
吸附塔内装有50kg20目颗粒活性炭,COD为4020mgO2/L的DOP生产废水进入吸附塔,流量为100L/h,监测吸附塔出口液COD,当其与入口液COD几乎相等,判定吸附柱吸附饱和,此时,记录第一次吸附饱和时154min,按实施例1对吸附剂进行再生,再生时间为30min。
再生后,往吸附塔内通入DOP生产废水(COD为4020mgO2/L),记录时间下第二次吸附饱和时间为165min。按实施例1再次对吸附剂进行再生,再往吸附塔内通入DOP生产废水(COD为4020mgO2/L)进行吸附操作,第三次吸附饱和时间为172min。
可以看出再生对活性炭的吸附效果影响较小。
Claims (9)
1.一种DOP废水吸附剂的再生方法,其特征在于包括:在氮气条件下,吸附有机物的吸附剂原位进行微波热解析,使吸附剂恢复吸附能力;在催化剂作用下,微波热解析产生的有机物在空气气氛下进行临氧裂解处理;其中,所述的有机物为DOP废水含有的有机物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的DOP废水吸附剂的再生方法,其特征在于包括:氮气通入吸附塔中,启动微波装置,微波直接作用于吸附剂吸附的有机物上,对吸附有机物的吸附剂原位进行微波热解析,热解析产生的含有机物的氮气与空气混合后进入临氧裂解装置,在催化剂作用下进行临氧裂解处理。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的DOP废水吸附剂的再生方法,其特征在于所述的吸附剂为沸石、活性炭或分子筛。
4.根据权利要求3所述的DOP废水吸附剂的再生方法,其特征在于所述的沸石为ZSM-5沸石,所述的粒径20目的颗粒活性炭,所述的分子筛为MCM-41分子筛。
5.根据权利要求2所述的DOP废水吸附剂的再生方法,其特征在于氮气以20~40m3 氮气/(h·kg吸附剂)的速率通入吸附塔。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的DOP废水吸附剂的再生方法,其特征在于其特征在于所述的氮气和空气的体积比为1:1~1:5,总空速为5000~50000h-1。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的DOP废水吸附剂的再生方法,其特征在于所述的临氧裂解的温度为250~450℃。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的DOP废水吸附剂的再生方法,其特征在于所述的催化剂以氧化铝、氧化硅、碳化硅、分子筛、稀土Y分子筛、Hβ分子筛、ZSM-5分子筛、MCM-41分子筛、MCM-42分子筛中的一种或两种为载体,以过渡金属氧化物为活性组分,活性组分的负载量为1~20%。
9.根据权利要求8所述的DOP废水吸附剂的再生方法,其特征在于所述的过渡金属氧化物为氧化钛、氧化钒、氧化铬、氧化锰、氧化铁、氧化钴、氧化镍、氧化铜、氧化锌,氧化镧、氧化铈、氧化镨、氧化钕中的两种或三种。
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