CN111655928A - 由短化学纤维制成的牛皮纸 - Google Patents
由短化学纤维制成的牛皮纸 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及具有一至三层构造的牛皮纸在机器中的生产,其中短化学纤维组成为70%至100%,剩余部分由长化学纤维构成。优选地,为了克服品质和成本问题,使由100%的桉树短化学纤维生产和0kg淀粉/吨纸至30kg淀粉/吨纸的表面施加最大化。本发明还涉及使用所公开的纸制成的箱。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一至三层构造的牛皮纸的生产,其中短化学纤维组成为70%至100%,剩余部分由长化学纤维完成。
背景技术
术语牛皮纸在国际市场中广泛使用,并且被限定为通过硫酸盐法或苏打法获得的具有不少于80%的纤维的纸或纸板。
因此,牛皮纸由化学纤维(长纤维和短纤维)的混合物生产。纸浆组成取决于纸的品质要求,所得纸的定量可以为70g/m2至440g/m2。
牛皮纸在瓦楞纸板箱中起着重要作用,因为牛皮纸参与其组成并有助于限定其特性。由于这些箱保护其内容物免受操作、运输、储存、堆放负载期间的冲击、极端温度和湿度的影响,因此牛皮纸必须满足一般的强度要求,例如:拉伸强度、耐破裂性(burstingresistance)、压缩强度和层结合(ply bond),并提供足够的孔隙率。纸还应具有良好的印刷品质。
耐破裂性被认为是产品强度的一般指标,并且与刚度和破裂应力相关。实际上,其是当使产品经受在其一侧上施加的恒定且均匀分布的力时,使产品破裂所需的静压。
另一方面,撕裂强度是在撕裂开始之后以固定距离撕裂产品所需的力。产品在垂直于纤维的方向(横向)上具有更大的撕裂强度,并且纤维越长,撕裂强度越大。
Gurley孔隙率或透气度是气体体积在压力梯度下穿过纸张的难度,并且取决于材料中的孔的数量、尺寸、形状和分布。该特性与纸张形成、纸强度以及印刷墨向纸中的渗透间接相关。其对于纸的某些用途例如包装、袋(bag)和小袋(pouch)是重要的。
纸的压缩强度是牛皮纸抵抗平行于纸张平面施加的压缩的特性并且例如对于箱在其正常使用期间(即从放置内容物的时刻到将产品交付给最终消费者)的性能负责。其可以通过SCT(Short-span Compression Test,短跨度压缩测试)和RCT(Ring Crush Test,环压测试)二者来评估。这两种测试方法不可互换,而是互补的,因为它们测量受制造过程影响的不同的压缩强度特性。
术语“层结合”是指确定由纤维之间的结合产生的避免多层纸的层的分离的纸张的内聚力。
牛皮纸的典型应用包括:食品、饮料、化妆品、电子产品、卫生和清洁、园艺产品和花卉、电气材料、化学品及衍生物、服装和鞋类、玻璃和陶瓷。
文献BR 11 2016 006857-2公开了包含纤维素纤维纸浆的多层纸板,其中所述纸板的总纤维含量的100%由硬木纤维形成。该文献还公开了所讨论的纸板也可以包含干力添加剂,例如淀粉。然而,淀粉的施加不是表面施加,并且该文公开了存在至少三个层。
专利申请BR 11 2017 010500-4涉及生产将用于纸或纸板的生产的负载组合物的方法,其中在碳化期间将淀粉和/或羧甲基纤维素添加到氢氧化钙悬浮体中。然而,该文献涉及生产待用于纸或纸板的生产的填料的方法,而不是纸本身。
专利申请PI 0918112-1公开了在造纸过程中使用新的增强剂,例如疏水淀粉。除了更专注于淀粉本身而不是纸之外,根据该文献,淀粉的施加不是表面施加。
然而,在那之前,现有技术缺乏对具有本发明中描述的纸的所有品质的牛皮纸的公开。这是由于目前具有较好品质(在强度方面)的牛皮纸是在机器中利用100%长化学纤维以一至三层构造而生产的。该更好的物理-机械耐性由纤维之间的更好的结合提供。
虽然现有技术的纸在箱转换步骤中表现良好,但该纸具有以下缺点:
-纸张成形不好,并且出现可能影响物理-机械特性的暗点和亮点或絮凝的外观;
-纸张表面较粗糙,直接影响印刷品质;
-在纸张结构中出现孔;以及
-该纸的成本效率较低,即其生产成本高。
发明内容
本发明涉及使用短化学纤维,优选地桉树短纤维,旨在提供由长化学纤维和短化学纤维的一个至三个层组成的卓越品质牛皮纸。致力于开发具有较高含量的短桉树纤维的牛皮纸是出于获得具有更好品质和更低成本的产品的目的。
通过该纸,本发明提出了所面临的技术问题的新的方案,因为本发明的牛皮纸提供了:
-改善的纸张成形,因为使用这种类型的纤维减少了絮凝的外观;
-降低纸张表面的粗糙度,从而改善印刷品质;
-填充纤维之间空的空间,从而降低发生穿刺的风险;
-降低纸成本,从而使产品更具竞争力;以及
-通过淀粉的表面施加改善纸的物理-机械特性。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及由长化学纤维和短化学纤维二者构成的呈一至三层构造的牛皮纸。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,牛皮纸组成中存在的短化学纤维为短桉树纤维。
短桉树化学纤维的物理-机械特性不如长化学纤维的物理-机械特性。因此,本发明探索了用淀粉进行表面涂覆的替代方案。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,当减少组成中的长纤维的分数时,将淀粉层施加在纸表面上以补偿物理-机械耐性的损失。因此,本发明的牛皮纸优选由100%的短纤维构成,其中在表面上施加有淀粉层。
优选地,以0kg淀粉/吨纸至30kg淀粉/吨纸的量施加淀粉。
在表面施加淀粉的情况下用短纤维完全代替长纤维实现具有优异的成形和关于以下的品质的产品:耐破裂性、拉伸强度、撕裂强度、Gurley孔隙率、SCT(短跨度压缩测试)、RCT(环压测试)和印刷。
结果是令人惊讶的,并且仅由短桉树化学纤维生产的纸呈现出优于在其组成中由长化学纤维生产的纸(用作参照)的物理-机械特性。这是完全出乎意料的,并且通过用表面淀粉涂覆纸来提供。
实施例
为了评估本发明的牛皮纸,进行了一系列工业测试,从而将由100%的短桉树化学纤维构成的纸与由75%的短桉树化学纤维和25%的长化学纤维组成的在单层造纸机中生产的参照纸进行比较。所有测试都具有两个层和表面施加的淀粉在造纸机中进行。
参照纸和本发明二者均被转换为箱并且在品质方面呈现出相同的性能。
表1示出了适合用于本发明的牛皮纸的生产中的短桉树化学纤维的物理-机械特性的范围。
表1-短化学纤维的物理-机械特性(表示为排除纸张重量影响的指标)
物理-机械特性 | 限度 |
纤维长度(mm) | 0.80至1.00 |
宽度(μm) | 21.0至24.0 |
细料(%) | 8.0至11.0 |
卡伯值(mL KMnO<sub>4</sub>/g) | 60.0至110.0 |
°SR | 20至40 |
拉伸指数(N.m/g) | 38.0至60.0 |
撕裂指数(mN.m<sup>2</sup>/g) | 5.5至9.0 |
破裂指数(kPa.m<sup>2</sup>/g) | 1.8至3.8 |
在23℃的温度和50%相对湿度下的空调环境中调节之后,根据下表2中列出的方法和标准进行确定牛皮纸的物理和机械特性的所有测试。
表2-使用的模式和测试方法
物理-机械特性 | 模式 |
耐破裂性(kPa) | TAPPI T-807 |
SCT(kN/m) | TAPPI T-826 |
RCT(kN/m) | TAPPI T-818 |
Gurley孔隙率(s/dL) | TAPPI T-460 |
成形指数(g/m<sup>2</sup>) | 内部Klabin标准*-AMBERTEC设备 |
*测试在AMBERTEC设备上进行,并且包括在70×70mm的400个样品点中小规模地测量定量的变化。
短桉树化学纤维
在本发明的纸的生产中,使用短桉树化学纤维,其最重要的物理-机械特性示于表3中。
表3-短化学纤维的物理-机械特性
物理-机械特性 | 值 |
卡伯值(mL KMnO<sub>4</sub>/g) | 99.2 |
°SR | 30 |
拉伸指数(N.m/g) | 52.5 |
撕裂指数(mN.m<sup>2</sup>/g) | 7.1 |
破裂指数(kPa.m<sup>2</sup>/g) | 3.5 |
含有100%的桉树短化学纤维的牛皮纸
根据以下步骤生产本发明的牛皮纸:
-由长纤维和短纤维(松树和桉树)制备未漂白的化学纸浆;
-将这些纤维作为悬浮体进给在形成纸张的工作台上,在此发生一次部分脱水;以及
-随后进行压制和干燥以除去残余的水。
在上述步骤之后,将经干燥的纸张卷起并转换为指定尺寸的卷。以90g/m2至185g/m2的定量生产本发明的牛皮纸。
参照纸以及施加表面淀粉和未施加表面淀粉(0kg淀粉/吨纸至30kg淀粉/吨纸)的定量为135g/m2的含有100%的短桉树化学纤维的牛皮纸的最重要的物理-机械特性的结果示于表4中。用作参照的纸是由Klabin生产和销售的KlaLiner纸,其在其组成中具有短纤维和长纤维。
表4-参照KLALINER纸以及施加表面淀粉和未施加表面淀粉的的定量为135g/m2的含有100%的短桉树化学纤维的牛皮纸的物理-机械特性
*由至少50%的长纤维构成的纤维组成。
根据表4中所示的数据,可以观察到本发明的具有表面淀粉的牛皮纸与参照纸的耐破裂性、SCT和RCT的主要特性的比较表明对于本发明的纸而言分别增加了20%、25%和20%。这些结果表明由100%的短桉树化学纤维生产的牛皮纸的优异水平。
通过比较施加表面淀粉和未施加表面淀粉的由100%的短化学纤维生产的牛皮纸,该操作在该产品的物理-机械特性中的重要性变得明显。
此外,本发明的牛皮纸的成形指数比参照牛皮纸更好,该特性降低了11.5%。值得注意的是,成形指数的值越低,纸张定量的变化越小,并且纸的成形越好。
对施加表面淀粉和未施加表面淀粉的其他定量的含有100%的短桉树化学纤维的牛皮纸进行用于评估物理-机械特性的测试,这些定量的最重要的结果示于下表5中。
表5-施加表面淀粉和未施加表面淀粉的另外的定量的含有100%的短桉树化学纤维的牛皮纸的物理-机械特性
如表5中所示,本发明的施加表面淀粉的含有100%的短纤维的牛皮纸在宽的定量范围内具有优异的物理-机械特性。
Claims (8)
1.一种在造纸机中生产的短化学纤维牛皮纸,特征在于基于干质量包含以下纤维组成:
70%至100%的短化学纤维;和
最多至30%的长化学纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的牛皮纸,特征在于所述牛皮纸包含100%的短化学纤维。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的牛皮纸,特征在于所述短化学纤维为桉树的短化学纤维。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的牛皮纸,特征在于所述牛皮纸还包含在所述纸上的表面施加的淀粉。
5.根据权利要求4所述的牛皮纸,特征在于所述表面施加的淀粉为0Kg淀粉/吨纸至30Kg淀粉/吨纸。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的牛皮纸,特征在于所述牛皮纸包括一个至三个层。
7.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的牛皮纸,特征在于所述牛皮纸的定量为90g/m2至185g/m2。
8.一种箱,特征在于所述箱由如权利要求1至7中任一项所限定的所述牛皮纸生产。
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BR102017028522-7A BR102017028522A2 (pt) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Papel kraftliner de fibra química curta |
PCT/BR2018/050397 WO2019126848A1 (pt) | 2017-12-28 | 2018-10-30 | Papel kraftliner de fibra química curta |
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CN115094661A (zh) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-23 | 联盛纸业(龙海)有限公司 | 一种牛卡纸及其制备方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2023247465A1 (en) | 2023-10-26 |
AU2018397701A1 (en) | 2020-08-06 |
BR102017028522A2 (pt) | 2019-07-16 |
EP3733965A1 (en) | 2020-11-04 |
EP4328380A2 (en) | 2024-02-28 |
EP4328380A3 (en) | 2024-04-24 |
US20200370243A1 (en) | 2020-11-26 |
WO2019126848A1 (pt) | 2019-07-04 |
CL2020001946A1 (es) | 2020-11-20 |
CN117449129A (zh) | 2024-01-26 |
EP3733965A4 (en) | 2021-10-20 |
AR113653A1 (es) | 2020-05-27 |
AU2018397701B2 (en) | 2023-07-13 |
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