CN111644193A - 一种高效的复合光催化剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种高效的复合光催化剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111644193A CN111644193A CN202010561304.0A CN202010561304A CN111644193A CN 111644193 A CN111644193 A CN 111644193A CN 202010561304 A CN202010561304 A CN 202010561304A CN 111644193 A CN111644193 A CN 111644193A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- chlorine
- sulfur
- carbon nitride
- doped carbon
- cadmium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Cd+2] UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- HYJODZUSLXOFNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S].[Cl] Chemical compound [S].[Cl] HYJODZUSLXOFNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Cd]Cl YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015843 photosynthesis, light reaction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- LHQLJMJLROMYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium acetate Chemical compound [Cd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O LHQLJMJLROMYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- XIEPJMXMMWZAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nitrate Inorganic materials [Cd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XIEPJMXMMWZAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NMHMNPHRMNGLLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phloretic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NMHMNPHRMNGLLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960001124 trientine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/24—Nitrogen compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/057—Selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/0573—Selenium; Compounds thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/10—Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
- B01J37/341—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation
- B01J37/344—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy
- B01J37/346—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy of microwave energy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C01B3/042—Decomposition of water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种复合光催化剂及其制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)将氯化铵和硫脲混合后充分研磨,然后将上述混合物于400~700℃下加热反应1~12小时制得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片;(2)将亚硒酸钠和镉源加入有机胺与水合肼的二元混合溶剂中充分搅拌、超声分散均匀,然后将步骤(1)制得的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片加入到上述混合溶液中混合均匀,之后将所得混合物进行微波水热反应,反应结束后冷却、洗涤、离心并干燥,即得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合的光催化剂。本发明制备方法简单、原料价格低廉,所制备的复合光催化剂具有更多的活性位点,有利于催化反应的进行,具有产氢效果优异以及良好的循环使用寿命,应用前景广阔。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于能源环境及纳米材料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种高效的复合光催化剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
目前,煤、石油、天然气等传统化石燃料作为主要的能源供应在全球依然被广泛使用。随着人类社会的快速发展,传统化石燃料正在加速枯竭。同时这些传统化石燃料的使用也已经造成一系列的环境问题,如酸雨,温室效应,雾霾等。能源枯竭与环境污染正在威胁着人类社会的发展,探索和利用高效新型能源成为人们亟待解决的问题。
太阳能作为一种取之不尽的可再生能源,且分布广泛,储量大,一直吸引着人们的浓厚兴趣。太阳能的利用方式是多种多样的:太阳能热水器将太阳能转化为热能;太阳能电站通过光伏电池阵列将太阳能转化为电能;通过植物的光合作用,太阳能转化为生物质能。除上述利用方式外,近年来太阳能转化为化学能也受到了研究人员的广泛关注。
太阳能转化为化学能,即利用太阳能和光催化剂的辅助下,将水分解为氢气,将二氧化碳还原为一氧化碳、甲烷和甲醇等,降解有机污染物质。太阳能中的可见光占主要部分,达到50%。因此,充分利用可见光是研究人员面临的又一关键问题。
发明内容
为解决现有技术存在的不足,本发明的目的是在于提供一种高效的复合光催化剂及其合成方法,本发明制备的复合光催化剂制备方法简单,原料价格低廉,光催化活性高,稳定性能好,应用前景广阔。
为了实现上述目的,本发明所采取的技术方案为:
一种复合光催化剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将氯化铵和硫脲混合后充分研磨,使其均匀分散,然后将上述混合物于400~700℃下加热反应1~12小时制得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片;
(2)将亚硒酸钠和镉源加入有机胺与水合肼的二元混合溶剂中充分搅拌、超声分散均匀,然后将步骤(1)制得的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片加入到上述混合溶液中混合均匀,之后将所得混合物转移至微波反应釜中进行微波水热反应,反应结束后冷却、离心、洗涤并干燥,即获得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合的光催化剂。
优选的,步骤(1)中,所述的氯化铵与硫脲的质量比为0.5-5:10。
优选的,步骤(2)中,亚硒酸钠与镉源的质量比为0.5-1:1;硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片的加入量与镉源的质量比为0.2-1.5:1。
优选的,步骤(2)中,所述镉源为选自氯化镉、硝酸镉、乙酸镉的一种或多种。
优选的,步骤(2)中,所述的有机胺选自二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺或四乙烯五胺中的一种或多种。
优选的,步骤(2)中,镉源与混合溶剂的质量体积比为(0.02-0.2)g:(30-50)mL;所述的有机胺与水合肼二元混合溶剂中有机胺与水合肼的体积比为2:1。
优选的,步骤(2)中,所述微波水热反应的温度为80-180℃,时间为20-100分钟。
另外,本发明还要求保护由所述方法制备得到的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合的光催化剂。
本发明还要保护所述硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合的光催化剂在光解水制氢中的应用,具体为:以硫化钠和亚硫酸钠为牺牲剂,以硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合材料为光催化剂,在可见光照射下催化分解水产氢。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
(1)本发明制备高效的复合光催化剂的方法是在80-180℃的范围内进行微波水热,反应迅速,不需要高温,能耗低;
(2)本发明制备高效的复合光催化剂,硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片,具有增强层间电荷迁移率,增大比表面积;采用原位生长的方式,硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片与硒化镉复合,具有大面积的接触界面,有利于光生载流子的分离,从而极大提高了光解水制氢的效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例2中的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉的场发射扫描电子显微镜照片。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚,以下结合实施例,对本发明作进一步的详细说明。当然,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明中的步骤虽然用标号进行了排列,但并不用于限定步骤的先后次序,除非明确说明了步骤的次序或者某步骤的执行需要其他步骤作为基础,否则步骤的相对次序是可以调整的。可以理解,本文中所使用的术语“和/或”涉及且涵盖相关联的所列项目中的一者或一者以上的任何和所有可能的组合。
实施例1
一种复合光催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将0.5g氯化铵和10g硫脲混合后充分研磨,使其均匀分散,然后将上述混合物于550℃下加热反应2小时制得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片;
(2)将0.0536g亚硒酸钠和0.0708g氯化镉加入36mL二乙烯三胺与水合肼的二元混合溶剂(二乙烯三胺与水合肼的体积比为2:1)中充分搅拌、超声分散均匀,然后将步骤(1)制得的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片0.04g加入到上述混合溶液中搅拌混合均匀,之后将所得混合物转移至微波反应釜中于140℃下微波水热反应20min,反应结束后自然冷却至室温、洗涤、离心并干燥,即获得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合的光催化剂。
将本实施例制备的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合光催化剂用于光催化产氢,具体方法为:称取20mg光催化剂加入50mL去离子水,并加入0.25M亚硫酸钠和0.35M硫化钠作为牺牲剂;然后将反应物放入具有进气口和排气口的可透光的石英玻璃密封反应器中,超声处理45分钟。通入N2 30-60min排除反应体系中的空气。最后在300W氙灯(λ>420nm)的照射下,每小时取1mL气体通过用气相色谱仪测定氢气的产量。经测试,这种复合光催化剂的产氢速率为11.3mmol/g/h。
实施例2
一种复合光催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将2.5g氯化铵和10g硫脲混合后充分研磨,使其均匀分散,然后将上述混合物于550℃下加热反应2小时制得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片;
(2)将0.0536g亚硒酸钠和0.0708g氯化镉加入36mL三乙烯四胺与水合肼的二元混合溶剂(三乙烯四胺与水合肼的体积比为2:1)中充分搅拌、超声分散均匀,然后将步骤(1)制得的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片0.04g加入到上述混合溶液中搅拌混合均匀,之后将所得混合物转移至微波反应釜中于140℃下微波水热反应20min,反应结束后自然冷却至室温、洗涤、离心并干燥,即获得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合的光催化剂。
将本实施例制备的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合光催化剂用于光催化产氢,具体方法为:称取20mg光催化剂加入50mL去离子水,并加入0.25M亚硫酸钠和0.35M硫化钠作为牺牲剂;然后将反应物放入具有进气口和排气口的可透光的石英玻璃密封反应器中,超声处理45分钟。通入N2 30-60min排除反应体系中的空气。最后在300W氙灯(λ>420nm)的照射下,每小时取1mL气体通过用气相色谱仪测定氢气的产量。经测试,这种复合光催化剂的产氢速率为18.8mmol/g/h。
实施例3
一种复合光催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将5g氯化铵和10g硫脲混合后充分研磨,使其均匀分散,然后将上述混合物于550℃下加热反应2小时制得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片;
(2)将0.0536g亚硒酸钠和0.0708g氯化镉加入36mL四乙烯五胺与水合肼的二元混合溶剂(四乙烯五胺与水合肼的体积比为2:1)中充分搅拌、超声分散均匀,然后将步骤(1)制得的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片0.04g加入到上述混合溶液中搅拌混合均匀,之后将所得混合物转移至微波反应釜中于140℃下微波水热反应20min,反应结束后自然冷却至室温、洗涤、离心并干燥,即获得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合的光催化剂。
将本实施例制备的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合光催化剂用于光催化产氢,具体方法为:称取20mg光催化剂加入50mL去离子水,并加入0.25M亚硫酸钠和0.35M硫化钠作为牺牲剂;然后将反应物放入具有进气口和排气口的可透光的石英玻璃密封反应器中,超声处理45分钟。通入N2 30-60min排除反应体系中的空气。最后在300W氙灯(λ>420nm)的照射下,每小时取1mL气体通过用气相色谱仪测定氢气的产量。经测试,这种复合光催化剂的产氢速率为14.5mmol/g/h。
实施例4
一种复合光催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将2.5g氯化铵和10g硫脲混合后充分研磨,使其均匀分散,然后将上述混合物于550℃下加热反应2小时制得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片;
(2)将0.1453g亚硒酸钠和0.1918g氯化镉加入36mL二乙烯三胺与水合肼的二元混合溶剂(二乙烯三胺与水合肼的体积比为2:1)中充分搅拌、超声分散均匀,然后将步骤(1)制得的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片0.04g加入到上述混合溶液中搅拌混合均匀,之后将所得混合物转移至微波反应釜中于140℃下微波水热反应20min,反应结束后自然冷却至室温、洗涤、离心并干燥,即获得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合的光催化剂。
将本实施例制备的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合光催化剂用于光催化产氢,具体方法为:称取20mg光催化剂加入50mL去离子水,并加入0.25M亚硫酸钠和0.35M硫化钠作为牺牲剂;然后将反应物放入具有进气口和排气口的可透光的石英玻璃密封反应器中,超声处理45分钟。通入N2 30-60min排除反应体系中的空气。最后在300W氙灯(λ>420nm)的照射下,每小时取1mL气体通过用气相色谱仪测定氢气的产量。经测试,这种复合光催化剂的产氢速率为11.0mmol/g/h。
实施例5
一种复合光催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将2.5g氯化铵和10g硫脲混合后充分研磨,使其均匀分散,然后将上述混合物于550℃下加热反应2小时制得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片;
(2)将0.0242g亚硒酸钠和0.032g氯化镉加入36mL二乙烯三胺与水合肼的二元混合溶剂(二乙烯三胺与水合肼的体积比为2:1)中充分搅拌、超声分散均匀,然后将步骤(1)制得的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片0.04g加入到上述混合溶液中搅拌混合均匀,之后将所得混合物转移至微波反应釜中于140℃下微波水热反应20min,反应结束后自然冷却至室温、洗涤、离心并干燥,即获得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合的光催化剂。
将本实施例制备的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合光催化剂用于光催化产氢,具体方法为:称取20mg光催化剂加入50mL去离子水,并加入0.25M亚硫酸钠和0.35M硫化钠作为牺牲剂;然后将反应物放入具有进气口和排气口的可透光的石英玻璃密封反应器中,超声处理45分钟。通入N2 30-60min排除反应体系中的空气。最后在300W氙灯(λ>420nm)的照射下,每小时取1mL气体通过用气相色谱仪测定氢气的产量。经测试,这种复合光催化剂的产氢速率为9.5mmol/g/h。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所在的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种复合光催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将氯化铵和硫脲混合后充分研磨,使其均匀分散,然后将上述混合物于400~700℃下加热反应1~12小时制得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片;
(2)将亚硒酸钠和镉源加入有机胺与水合肼的二元混合溶剂中充分搅拌、超声分散均匀,然后将步骤(1)制得的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片加入到上述混合溶液中搅拌混合均匀,之后将所得混合物转移至微波反应釜中进行微波水热反应,反应结束后冷却、洗涤、离心并干燥,即获得硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合的光催化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述的氯化铵与硫脲的质量比为0.5-5:10。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,亚硒酸钠与镉源的质量比为0.5-1:1;硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳纳米片的加入量与镉源的质量比为0.2-1.5:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述镉源为选自氯化镉、硝酸镉、乙酸镉的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述的有机胺选自二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺或四乙烯五胺中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,镉源与混合溶剂的质量体积比约为(0.02-0.2)g:(30-50)mL;所述的有机胺与水合肼二元混合溶剂中有机胺与水合肼的体积比为2:1。
7.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述微波水热反应的温度为80-180℃,时间为20-100分钟。
8.一种由权利要求1-7任一项所述方法制备得到的硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合的光催化剂。
9.一种权利要求8所述硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合的光催化剂在光解水制氢中的应用,其特征在于,具体为:以硫化钠和亚硫酸钠为牺牲剂,以硫氯共掺杂的氮化碳与硒化镉复合材料为光催化剂,在可见光照射下催化分解水产氢。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010561304.0A CN111644193A (zh) | 2020-06-18 | 2020-06-18 | 一种高效的复合光催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010561304.0A CN111644193A (zh) | 2020-06-18 | 2020-06-18 | 一种高效的复合光催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111644193A true CN111644193A (zh) | 2020-09-11 |
Family
ID=72342112
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010561304.0A Pending CN111644193A (zh) | 2020-06-18 | 2020-06-18 | 一种高效的复合光催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN111644193A (zh) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105854921A (zh) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-17 | 淮北师范大学 | 一种大面积二维复合纳米材料的合成方法 |
WO2018096103A1 (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-05-31 | Cambridge Enterprise Limited | Photocatalyst and photocatalytic methods |
CN109261194A (zh) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-01-25 | 淮北师范大学 | 一种大面积z型异质结多孔氮化碳/硒化镉复合光催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN110064429A (zh) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-30 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | 硫掺杂氮化碳纳米片的制备方法及其产品和应用 |
CN110787825A (zh) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-02-14 | 王世扬 | 一种碳纳米管负载CdSe-g-C3N4光催化材料及其制法 |
CN111266126A (zh) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-12 | 同济大学 | 硫掺杂石墨相氮化碳纳米片负载石墨烯与四氧化三铁复合磁性光催化剂制备方法和应用 |
-
2020
- 2020-06-18 CN CN202010561304.0A patent/CN111644193A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105854921A (zh) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-17 | 淮北师范大学 | 一种大面积二维复合纳米材料的合成方法 |
WO2018096103A1 (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-05-31 | Cambridge Enterprise Limited | Photocatalyst and photocatalytic methods |
CN109261194A (zh) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-01-25 | 淮北师范大学 | 一种大面积z型异质结多孔氮化碳/硒化镉复合光催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN110064429A (zh) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-30 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | 硫掺杂氮化碳纳米片的制备方法及其产品和应用 |
CN110787825A (zh) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-02-14 | 王世扬 | 一种碳纳米管负载CdSe-g-C3N4光催化材料及其制法 |
CN111266126A (zh) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-12 | 同济大学 | 硫掺杂石墨相氮化碳纳米片负载石墨烯与四氧化三铁复合磁性光催化剂制备方法和应用 |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
Title |
---|
FUTAO YI ET.AL: "Sulfur- and chlorine-co-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets with enhanced active species generation for boosting visible-light photodegradation activity", 《SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY》 * |
SHAKEELUR RAHEMAN AR ET.AL: "CdSe quantu m dots modi fi ed thi ol functionalized g-C3N4 : Intimate interfacial charge transfer between 0D/2D nanostructure for visible light H2 evolution", 《RENEWABLE ENERGY》 * |
YAO HUO ET.AL: "Defect-mediated electron-hole separation in an inorganic-organic CdSxSe1-x-DETA solid solution under amine molecule-assisted fabrication and microware-assisted method for promoting photocatalytic H2 evolution", 《SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS》 * |
YUNQIAN ZHONG ET.AL: "CdSe Quantum Dots/g‑C3N4 Heterostructure for Efficient H2 Production under Visible Light Irradiation", 《ACS OMEGA》 * |
刘宏芳、王帅主编: "《纳米材料化学与器件》", 31 July 2019 * |
韩莹莹等: "氮化碳的制备及光催化分解水制氢性能研究", 《合成材料老化与应用》 * |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106947688B (zh) | 微生物/光电耦合还原二氧化碳产甲烷的系统与方法 | |
CN108927224B (zh) | 一种钴离子负载的共价有机框架催化材料及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN109248694B (zh) | 一种非贵金属硫铟铜/硫铟锌复合光催化剂的制备方法及其应用 | |
CN106076364A (zh) | 一种高效CdS‑CdIn2S4超结构光催化剂的制备方法 | |
CN108440604B (zh) | 一种双核铱-铂配合物、其制备方法及其应用 | |
CN108585044B (zh) | 一种具有mylikes结构的Co-MoO2纳米球的简单制备及电催化应用 | |
CN111644192A (zh) | 一种g-C3N4@CdxZn1-xSe复合光催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN113318788A (zh) | 一种Cu-NH2-MIL-125/TpPa-2复合材料的制备及光解水制氢 | |
CN109251865A (zh) | 一种小球藻细胞表面耗氧保护层的制备方法 | |
CN115305480A (zh) | 一种合金纳米材料催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN113600210A (zh) | 一种原位生长的三元复合光催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN111036307A (zh) | 一种复合型高效析氧催化剂的制备方法 | |
CN110064426A (zh) | 一种LixMoS2/CdS/g-C3N4复合光催化剂的制备及其分解水产氢应用 | |
CN112547125B (zh) | 一种可用于光解水的CdS/NiPc光催化剂及其制备方法 | |
CN111644193A (zh) | 一种高效的复合光催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN112023948A (zh) | 一种高效光催化分解水产氢的光触媒及其制备方法 | |
CN108816211B (zh) | 一种高催化活性的蓝色金红石二氧化钛陶瓷材料的制备方法 | |
CN112973705B (zh) | 一种稀土Er掺杂NiO的光催化材料、制备方法及应用 | |
CN113549931B (zh) | 一种Fe@CuMoO4NWA/Cu催化剂的制备方法及应用 | |
CN111871434B (zh) | 一种碘氧化铋/纳米金刚石复合光催化剂及其制备方法 | |
CN112354546B (zh) | 一种CuSbS2/SnS2纳米片复合材料的制备方法及应用 | |
CN208627261U (zh) | 光伏水分解系统与光热催化系统耦合制备有机燃料的装置 | |
CN110227490B (zh) | 一种碳包覆协同碳硫共掺杂的SnO2光催化剂及其制备方法 | |
CN107469854B (zh) | 一种复合光催化剂的合成方法 | |
CN112604705A (zh) | 一种NPC-MoS2/Bi4O5Br2复合材料光催化剂的制备方法及其用途 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200911 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |