CN111631046B - Greenhouse seedbed track bidirectional switching device - Google Patents
Greenhouse seedbed track bidirectional switching device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111631046B CN111631046B CN202010460907.1A CN202010460907A CN111631046B CN 111631046 B CN111631046 B CN 111631046B CN 202010460907 A CN202010460907 A CN 202010460907A CN 111631046 B CN111631046 B CN 111631046B
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- seedbed
- track
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- rail
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
- A01G9/143—Equipment for handling produce in greenhouses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/28—Raised beds; Planting beds; Edging elements for beds, lawn or the like, e.g. tiles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a greenhouse seedling bed track bidirectional switching device. The device comprises a seedbed bidirectional in-place detection device, a track switching push-pull device, a seedbed vertical lifting device and an electrical control box. The seedbed bidirectional in-place detection device is arranged on the transverse and longitudinal rails and used for in-place detection of the seedbed, the seedbed vertical lifting device is controlled to be arranged in the cross area of the transverse and longitudinal rails and used for controlling lifting of the seedbed, the rail switching push-pull device is arranged in the cross area of the transverse and longitudinal rails and located in the middle of the longitudinal rails, and bidirectional switching of the seedbed between the transverse rails and the longitudinal rails is achieved; the automatic control and multi-process coordination of the track switching process are realized through the electric control box. The invention can realize the automatic bidirectional switching between the transverse and longitudinal rails without manual operation of the seedbed; the bidirectional switching further enables the seedbed to realize circular movement in the limited space of the greenhouse.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to equipment for realizing bidirectional switching of a seedbed between a transverse track and a longitudinal track in the automatic carrying process of the seedbed in a greenhouse, in particular to a lifting and pushing-pulling device of the seedbed.
Background
At present, the development of the intelligent agriculture is greatly promoted in China, and the construction of the greenhouse is used as an important component of the intelligent agriculture, so that the well-spraying development and application are achieved in China. The degree of automation of a greenhouse depends on the internal facilities of the greenhouse. Some developed countries such as the united states, japan, the netherlands and israel have developed greenhouse cultivation techniques very rapidly, and have succeeded in carrying out industrial production of the techniques and equipment, which are advanced and sophisticated, and are embodied in links including variety cultivation, growth detection, water and fertilizer management, growth environment regulation, etc., and the plant cultivation process has been streamlined. The process requires the development of a seedbed in which plants are placed from a previously fixed seedbed to a moving seedbed. The process comprises moving the empty seedbed to a cultivation room, planting plants and transporting the plants to a growth room, irregularly moving the seedbed to a relevant position in the growth room to provide necessary illumination, temperature and humidity control and pesticide spraying and fertilizer applying management, transporting the well-grown plants to a packaging workshop for packaging, and repeating the above processes. However, the degree of automation of greenhouse cultivation in China is low at present, the seedbed is moved mainly by manual carrying, time and labor are wasted, efficiency is low, and manual carrying is not beneficial to recording, registering and managing the seedbed in a unified mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a greenhouse seedbed track bidirectional switching device aiming at a seedbed transfer mode with limitation of moving space and low automation degree of a moving seedbed in the existing greenhouse;
a greenhouse seedbed track bidirectional switching device comprises a seedbed bidirectional in-place detection device, a track switching push-pull device, a seedbed vertical lifting device and an electrical control box.
The seedbed bidirectional in-place detection device is arranged on the transverse and longitudinal rails and used for in-place detection of the seedbed, the seedbed vertical lifting device is controlled to be arranged in the cross area of the transverse and longitudinal rails and used for controlling lifting of the seedbed, the rail switching push-pull device is arranged in the cross area of the transverse and longitudinal rails and located in the middle of the longitudinal rails, and bidirectional switching of the seedbed between the transverse rails and the longitudinal rails is achieved; the automatic control and multi-process coordination of the track switching process are realized through the electric control box.
The two-way seedbed in-place detection device is divided into a transverse track seedbed in-place detection device and a longitudinal track seedbed in-place detection device, the two devices are consistent in structure and effect, and the action tracks are different. The two-way bed in-place detection device is essentially a pair of travel switches arranged on a bed track, one travel switch is arranged at a position where the bed moves to a position where the bed is required to stop when entering a track switching state, and the other travel switch is arranged at a safety position where the bed is required to be stopped suddenly when an accident happens and is used as safety sudden stop detection.
The track switching push-pull device is a core device designed by the invention, and the device is provided with three layers because the stroke of pushing and pulling the seedbed is larger and the maximum stroke of the air cylinder is limited when the transverse track and the longitudinal track of the seedbed are switched. The bottom layer mechanism of the track switching push-pull device comprises a device base, a bottom layer C-shaped track arranged on the base and a bottom layer cylinder used for pushing and pulling the middle layer mechanism to slide in a reciprocating mode; the device comprises a middle layer mechanism, a top layer mechanism and a bottom layer mechanism, wherein the middle layer mechanism comprises a middle layer profile frame, a roller which is arranged on the middle layer profile frame and slides on a bottom layer C-shaped track, a middle layer C-shaped track and a middle layer cylinder which is used for pushing and pulling the top layer mechanism to slide in a reciprocating manner; the device top layer mechanism comprises a top layer section bar frame, a roller which is arranged on the long leg of the top layer section bar frame and slides on the C-shaped track at the bottom layer, a roller which is arranged on the short leg of the top layer section bar frame and slides on the C-shaped track at the middle layer, and a mini cylinder, a seedbed gripper and a seedbed gripper lifting guide rod which are arranged at the long leg end of the top layer section bar frame. The roller wheels arranged on the middle-layer section bar frame can slide on the bottom C-shaped track under the driving of a bottom-layer cylinder arranged on the bottom-layer mechanism; through the drive of the middle layer cylinder installed on the middle layer mechanism, the roller installed on the long leg of the top layer profile frame can slide on the C-shaped track of the bottom layer mechanism, and the roller installed on the short leg of the top layer profile frame can slide on the C-shaped track of the middle layer mechanism. The seedbed vertical lifting device is arranged in the cross area of the transverse and longitudinal rails and is positioned in the middle of the longitudinal rails, so that the seedbed is not deviated when being pushed and pulled. The height of the track switching push-pull device is set to be not to block the seedbed from moving on the transverse track when the gripper of the seedbed is not lifted.
The seedbed vertical lifting device is a key mechanism for realizing the bidirectional switching of the seedbed to the tracks. The device comprises a pair of parallel transfer tracks, two groups of lifting cylinders and corresponding lifting cylinder assemblies, wherein each lifting cylinder assembly comprises a flange plate for mounting the lifting cylinder and a Y-shaped head for connecting the lifting cylinder with the parallel transfer tracks, each group of lifting cylinders is two, and the parallel transfer tracks are consistent with the longitudinal track in structure. The vertical elevating gear of seedbed installs in horizontal vertical orbital cross section, and lift cylinder block is fixed in ground with the flange plate, and makes when the cylinder is totally released parallel transfer track and vertical track can realize aligning with one heart, and parallel transfer track is less than the seedbed extreme low position of seedbed bottom structure when horizontal track slides when the cylinder contracts completely to prevent the vertical elevating gear of seedbed from hindering the slip of seedbed on horizontal track.
The electric control box is a system which is built by a power supply device, an air pump, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a relay, an air cylinder electromagnetic valve, a seedbed travel switch, an air cylinder limit switch and a motor and is used for controlling the logic for realizing the bidirectional transfer of the seedbed. When the seedbed is switched from the longitudinal track to the transverse track, the seedbed is driven by the existing longitudinal track power mechanism to move to the cross area of the transverse and longitudinal tracks, and after the seedbed reaches a specified position, a travel switch in the longitudinal track seedbed in-place detection device is triggered to be used as longitudinal track in-place detection. At the moment, the PLC controls the longitudinal rail power mechanism to stop, the seedbed vertical lifting device to ascend, the rail switching push-pull device to extend, the seedbed gripper to extend, the rail switching push-pull device to retract, the seedbed gripper to retract and the seedbed vertical lifting device to descend in sequence, and therefore the seedbed is transferred from the longitudinal rail to the transverse rail. And then the PLC controller controls the starting of the existing transverse track power mechanism to move the seedbed out of the cross area of the transverse track and the longitudinal track on the transverse track. When the seedbed is switched from the transverse track to the longitudinal track, the seedbed is driven by the existing transverse track power mechanism to move to the cross area of the transverse track and the longitudinal track, and after the seedbed reaches a specified position, a travel switch in the transverse track seedbed in-place detection device is triggered to be used as transverse track in-place detection. At the moment, the PLC controls the transverse track power mechanism to stop, the seedbed vertical lifting device to ascend, the seedbed gripper to extend, the track switching push-pull device to extend, the seedbed vertical lifting device to descend, the seedbed gripper to retract and the track switching push-pull device to retract in sequence, and the transfer of the seedbed from the transverse track to the longitudinal track is completed. Then the PLC controller controls the existing power mechanism of the longitudinal rail to start so as to enable the seedbed to move on the longitudinal rail.
Movement of the seedbed on the longitudinal rails:
the seedbed passes through two sets of gyro wheels of seedbed frame bottom dress and is seedbed spacing gyro wheel and seedbed cylinder gyro wheel, realizes longitudinal sliding on the vertical cylinder track, wherein the seedbed spacing gyro wheel can guarantee that the seedbed does not take place the skew when sliding on the vertical cylinder track. The longitudinal cylindrical rail is a part of the longitudinal rail contacting with the seedbed.
Movement of the seedbed on the transverse rails:
the seedbed frame of the seedbed is located on the transverse rail pulley arranged on the inner side of the transverse rail, and transverse sliding is realized. The transverse track pulley is of a convex structure, so that the deviation of the seedbed during sliding can be avoided.
When the seedbed is switched from the longitudinal track to the transverse track: the seedbed is driven by an existing longitudinal rail power mechanism to move to the cross area of the transverse longitudinal rail, and after the seedbed reaches a certain position, a travel switch in the longitudinal rail seedbed in-place detection device is triggered to be used as longitudinal rail in-place detection; stopping the seedbed moving on the longitudinal track and triggering the seedbed track bidirectional switching device to start; triggering a lifting cylinder electromagnetic valve of the seedbed vertical lifting mechanism to enable a lifting cylinder to push the parallel transfer track to rise to the highest position and then stop; triggering a push-pull cylinder electromagnetic valve of the track switching push-pull device to extend the track switching push-pull device, triggering an air cylinder limit switch when a long-leg-end seedbed gripper of the track switching push-pull device reaches the outer side of a seedbed frame, and stopping extension of the device; triggering a mini cylinder electromagnetic valve of the rail switching push-pull device to enable the seedbed gripper to vertically rise and attach to the outer edge of the seedbed frame; the track switching push-pull device is triggered by a push-pull cylinder electromagnetic valve to enable the track switching push-pull device to contract, the track switching push-pull device transmits a pulling force to the seedbed through the seedbed gripper to enable the seedbed to move from a longitudinal track to a parallel transfer track, and when a seedbed frame can be aligned in the vertical direction and falls into a transverse track roller, a push-pull cylinder limit switch is triggered, and the device stops contracting; triggering a mini cylinder electromagnetic valve of the track switching push-pull device to vertically descend the seedbed gripper to the lowest position; the electromagnetic valve of the lifting cylinder of the seedbed vertical lifting device is triggered, so that the seedbed descends along with the parallel transfer track driven by the lifting cylinder, and the parallel transfer track is separated from the seedbed roller and continuously descends to the lowest position after the seedbed falls into the transverse track. Then the existing transverse track power mechanism is started to move the seedbed out of the cross area of the transverse track and the longitudinal track on the transverse track. Namely, the seedbed is switched from the longitudinal track to the transverse track.
When the seedbed is switched from the transverse track to the longitudinal track: the seedbed is driven by an existing transverse rail power mechanism to move to a transverse and longitudinal rail crossing area, and a travel switch in the transverse rail seedbed in-place detection device is triggered when a seedbed limiting roller and a seedbed cylindrical roller are aligned with a longitudinal cylindrical roller in the longitudinal direction to be used as transverse rail in-place detection; stopping the seedbed moving on the transverse rail and triggering the seedbed rail bidirectional switching device to start; triggering a lifting cylinder electromagnetic valve of a seedbed vertical lifting device to enable a lifting cylinder to push a parallel transfer rail to ascend, lifting the seedbed along with the parallel transfer rail after the parallel transfer rail is attached to a seedbed limiting roller and a seedbed cylindrical roller, and stopping when the parallel transfer rail ascends to the highest position and is concentrically aligned with a longitudinal cylindrical rail; triggering a push-pull cylinder electromagnetic valve of the track switching push-pull device to extend the track switching push-pull device, triggering a cylinder limit switch when a long-leg-end seedbed gripper of the track switching push-pull device reaches the inside of a seedbed frame, and stopping extension of the device; triggering a mini cylinder electromagnetic valve of the rail switching push-pull device to enable the seedbed gripper to vertically rise and attach to the inner edge of the seedbed frame; the track switching push-pull device is triggered by a push-pull air cylinder electromagnetic valve to extend the track switching push-pull device, the track switching push-pull device transmits a pushing force to the seedbed through the seedbed gripper to enable the seedbed to move from the parallel transfer track to the longitudinal cylindrical track until the seedbed completely enters the longitudinal track, and the push-pull air cylinder limit switch is triggered to stop extending the device; triggering a mini cylinder electromagnetic valve of the track switching push-pull device to vertically descend the seedbed gripper to the lowest position; the seedbed vertical lifting device and the track switching push-pull device return to the initial position. Then the existing longitudinal track power mechanism is started to move the seedbed on the longitudinal track. Namely, the seedbed completes the switching from the transverse track to the longitudinal track.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, through the practical analysis of the seedbed circulation in the greenhouse, the movement of the seedbed on the original track is not hindered and the vertical space is fully utilized, the transverse and longitudinal track bidirectional transfer device is skillfully designed, and the bidirectional switching between the transverse and longitudinal tracks can be automatically realized without manually operating the seedbed; the two-way switching enables the seedbed to circularly move in the limited space of the greenhouse, and the greenhouse space is effectively utilized; the seedbed is transferred to the relevant position according to the plant growth and operation requirements, the production efficiency of the greenhouse is improved, the automation degree of the greenhouse is further improved, and the method has great significance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an operating environment of a two-way transfer device for a seedbed track of a greenhouse of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of a seedbed framework of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the transverse track of the seedbed of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the longitudinal rail of the seedbed of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the track switch push-pull assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a right side view of the rail switch push-pull assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a left side view of the track switch push-pull assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the bottom mechanism of the track switch push-pull of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the intermediate layer mechanism of the track switch push-pull of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the top layer mechanism of the track switch push-pull of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a front view of a seedbed gripper mechanism of the track-switching push-pull apparatus of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the seedbed lifting apparatus of this invention;
FIG. 13 is a flow chart of the present invention for the two-way switching between the horizontal and vertical tracks.
Reference numerals: a transverse track component 1, a seedbed vertical lifting device 2, a track switching push-pull device 3, a track cross area 4, a seedbed frame component 5, a longitudinal track component 6, a seedbed limiting roller 7, a seedbed bottom supporting bar 8, a seedbed cylindrical roller 9, a seedbed frame 10, a transverse track pulley 11, a transverse track reinforcing bar 12, a transverse track supporting leg 13, a longitudinal cylindrical track 14, a longitudinal track reinforcing bar 15, a longitudinal track supporting leg 16, a track switching push-pull device middle layer mechanism 17, a track switching push-pull device top layer mechanism 18, a track switching push-pull device bottom layer mechanism 19, a track switching push-pull device seedbed gripper 20, a track switching push-pull device seedbed gripper outer guide rod 21, a track switching device cylinder mounting plate 22, a track switching push-pull device push-pull cylinder 23, a track switching push-pull device bottom layer mechanism cylinder mounting bracket 24, a track switching push-pull device bottom layer mechanism base 26, A middle-layer mechanism cylinder mounting bracket 27 of the track switching push-pull device, a C-shaped track 28 of the middle-layer mechanism of the track switching push-pull device, a push rod connecting hole 29 of the bottom-layer cylinder of the track switching push-pull device, a middle-layer mechanism supporting leg 30 of the track switching push-pull device, a middle-layer mechanism sliding roller 31 of the track switching push-pull device, a top-layer mechanism profile frame 32 of the track switching push-pull device, a push rod connecting hole 33 of the middle-layer cylinder of the track switching push-pull device, a mini cylinder base 34 of a seedbed gripper of the track switching push-pull device, a long leg 35 of the top-layer mechanism profile frame of the track switching push-pull device, a short leg 36 of the top-layer mechanism profile frame of the track switching push-pull device, a short leg roller 37 of the top-layer mechanism profile frame of the track switching push-pull device, an I-type head 39, a connection part of the seedbed gripper of the track switching push-pull device and the mini cylinder, Track switches push-and-pull device seedbed tongs inner guide rod 40, track switches push-and-pull device mini cylinder 41, seedbed vertical lifting device lift cylinder 42, seedbed vertical lifting device parallel transfer track 43, seedbed vertical lifting device lift cylinder and parallel transfer track connection Y type head 44
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples, which, although they will be described in connection with the preferred embodiment, are not intended to limit the invention thereto. Also, non-critical elements are not shown in detail in the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an operating environment of a two-way transfer device for a seedbed track of a greenhouse of the present invention;
movement of the seedbed on the longitudinal rails (fig. 4):
the seedbed is longitudinally slid on the longitudinal cylindrical rail 14 shown in fig. 4 through two sets of rollers, namely, the seedbed limiting roller 7 and the seedbed cylindrical roller 9, which are arranged at the bottom of the seedbed frame 5 shown in fig. 2, wherein the seedbed limiting roller 7 can ensure that the seedbed does not deviate when sliding on the longitudinal cylindrical rail 14.
Movement of the seedbed on the cross track (fig. 3):
the bed frame 10 of the bed is seated on the lateral rail pulleys 11 installed inside the lateral rail 1 as shown in fig. 3, and is laterally slid. The transverse track pulley 11 is of a convex structure, so that the deviation of the seedbed during sliding can be avoided.
The track setting characteristics are as follows:
the longitudinal cylindrical rails 14 are higher than the transverse rail pulleys 11, and parallel transfer rails 43 in the bed vertical lifting and lowering mechanism 2 as shown in FIG. 12 are provided at the two rail crossing regions 4. The parallel transfer rail 43 is aligned with the longitudinal cylindrical rail 14 at the highest position, and the seedbed can realize barrier-free bidirectional sliding between the two; when the parallel transfer rail 43 is lowered to the lowest position, it is prevented from hindering the sliding of the bed frame 5 on the cross rail pulleys 11.
FIG. 2 is a view of a seedbed framework of the present invention;
seedbed track switching:
when the seedbed needs to switch the track, the seedbed only needs to move to the track crossing area 4 and align the track to be transferred, and then the two-way switching of the seedbed between the transverse track and the longitudinal track can be realized through the lifting of the parallel transfer track 43. The device for realizing the high-low lifting of the parallel transfer track 43 is a seedbed vertical lifting device (figure 12); the device for realizing the bidirectional sliding of the seedbed between the longitudinal cylindrical rail 14 and the parallel transfer rail 43 is a rail switching push-pull device (figure 5); the device for realizing automatic control of the track switching process and multi-process coordination is an electric control box.
Track switching push-pull (fig. 5, 6, 7) action:
when the track switching push-pull device 3 pushes, a track switching push-pull device seedbed gripper 20 which is arranged at the end of the long leg 35 of the top-layer section frame and is driven by a track switching push-pull device mini cylinder 41 is lifted in advance to abut against the inner edge of the seedbed frame 5, and then the bottom-layer cylinder and the middle-layer cylinder 23 extend simultaneously to push the seedbed, so that the seedbed moves from the parallel transfer track 43 of the seedbed vertical lifting device 2 to the longitudinal track 6; pulling is the opposite process of pushing, the track switching push-pull device 3 extends to the outer side of the seedbed frame 5, then the seedbed hand grab 20 is lifted to abut against the outer edge of the seedbed frame 5, and then the bottom layer air cylinder and the middle layer air cylinder 23 contract simultaneously to pull the seedbed, so that the seedbed moves from the longitudinal track 6 to the parallel transfer track 43.
The seedbed vertical lifting device (figure 12) acts:
when the seedbed vertical lifting device 2 is lifted, the parallel transfer track 43 is at the lowest position, the seedbed slides to the track cross area 4 from the transverse track 1, the seedbed limiting idler wheels 7 and the seedbed cylindrical idler wheels 9 are aligned with the longitudinal cylindrical track 14 through the transverse track seedbed in-place detection device, the seedbed vertical lifting device 2 drives the two groups of lifting cylinders 42 to lift the parallel transfer track 43, the seedbed rises along with the seedbed limiting idler wheels 7 and the seedbed cylindrical idler wheels 9 after being attached, and finally reaches the height of the longitudinal cylindrical track. When the vertical elevating gear 2 of seedbed descends, parallel transfer track 43 aligns with vertical cylinder track 14 is concentric at highest position, and the seedbed passes through track switching push-and-pull device 2's pulling, shifts up to parallel transfer track 43 from vertical cylinder track 14, because the spacing gyro wheel 7 of seedbed, seedbed cylinder gyro wheel 9 are located on parallel transfer track 43, contract through drive lift cylinder 42 and make parallel transfer track 43 descend, can realize that the seedbed descends to the horizontal track 11 of installing of survey in the horizontal track 1 on. The parallel transfer rail 43 continues to descend to be disengaged from the seedbed limit rollers 7 and the seedbed cylindrical rollers 9 to the lowest position to prevent the same from obstructing the sliding of the seedbed on the transverse rail 1.
Track switching specific procedure (fig. 13):
when the seedbed is switched from the longitudinal track (fig. 4) to the transverse track (fig. 3): the seedbed is driven by the existing longitudinal rail power mechanism to move to the cross area 4 of the transverse longitudinal rail, and after reaching a certain position, a travel switch in the longitudinal rail seedbed in-place detection device is triggered to be used as longitudinal rail in-place detection; stopping the seedbed moving on the longitudinal track and triggering the seedbed track bidirectional switching device to start; triggering a lifting cylinder electromagnetic valve of the seedbed vertical lifting mechanism 2 to enable a lifting cylinder 42 to push the parallel transfer track 43 to ascend to the highest position and then stop; triggering a push-pull cylinder electromagnetic valve of the track switching push-pull device 3 to extend the track switching push-pull device 3, triggering an air cylinder limit switch when a seedbed gripper 20 at the long leg end of the track switching push-pull device reaches the outer side of the seedbed frame 5, and stopping extending the device; triggering the electromagnetic valve of the mini cylinder 41 of the track switching push-pull device to enable the seedbed hand grip 20 to vertically rise and attach to the outer edge of the seedbed frame 5; the track switching push-pull device push-pull air cylinder 23 electromagnetic valve is triggered to enable the track switching push-pull device 3 to contract, the track switching push-pull device 3 transmits a pulling force to the seedbed through the seedbed gripper 20 to enable the seedbed to move from the longitudinal track 6 to the parallel transfer track 43, when the seedbed frame 5 can be aligned in the vertical direction and fall into the transverse track roller 11, the push-pull air cylinder 23 limit switch is triggered, and the device stops contracting; the electromagnetic valve of the track switching push-pull device mini cylinder 41 is triggered to vertically descend the seedbed gripper 20 to the lowest position; the electromagnetic valve of the lifting cylinder 42 of the seedbed vertical lifting device is triggered, so that the seedbed descends along with the parallel transfer track 43 driven by the lifting cylinder 42, and the parallel transfer track 43 is separated from the seedbed roller and continuously descends to the lowest position after the seedbed falls into the transverse track 1. Then the existing transverse track power mechanism is started to move the seedbed out of the transverse and longitudinal track crossing area 4 on the transverse track. I.e., the seedbed is switched from the longitudinal track (fig. 4) to the transverse track (fig. 3).
When the seedbed is switched from the transverse track (fig. 3) to the longitudinal track (fig. 4): the seedbed is driven by an existing transverse rail power mechanism to move to the transverse and longitudinal rail crossing area 4, and a travel switch in the transverse rail seedbed in-place detection device is triggered when the seedbed limiting idler wheel 7 and the seedbed cylindrical idler wheel 9 are aligned with the longitudinal cylindrical idler wheel 14 in the longitudinal direction to be used as transverse rail in-place detection; stopping the seedbed moving on the transverse rail 1 and triggering the seedbed rail bidirectional switching device to start; the electromagnetic valve of the lifting cylinder 42 of the seedbed vertical lifting device is triggered to enable the lifting cylinder 42 to push the parallel transfer track 43 to ascend, the seedbed is lifted along with the parallel transfer track 43 after the parallel transfer track 43 is attached to the seedbed limiting idler wheel 7 and the seedbed cylindrical idler wheel 9, and the seedbed stops when the parallel transfer track 43 ascends to the highest position and concentrically aligns with the longitudinal cylindrical track 14; the track switching push-pull device push-pull air cylinder 23 is triggered by an electromagnetic valve to extend the track switching push-pull device 3, when the long leg end seedbed gripper 20 of the track switching push-pull device reaches the interior of the seedbed frame 5, an air cylinder limit switch is triggered, and the device stops extending; triggering the electromagnetic valve of the mini cylinder 41 of the track switching push-pull device to enable the seedbed hand grip 20 to vertically rise and attach to the inner edge of the seedbed frame 5; the track switching push-pull device 3 is triggered by a push-pull cylinder electromagnetic valve to extend the track switching push-pull device 3, the track switching push-pull device 3 transmits a pushing force to the seedbed through the seedbed gripper 20 to enable the seedbed to move from the parallel transfer track 43 to the longitudinal cylindrical track 14 until the seedbed completely enters the longitudinal track, and the push-pull cylinder 23 is triggered by a limit switch to stop extending the device; the electromagnetic valve of the track switching push-pull device mini cylinder 41 is triggered to vertically descend the seedbed gripper 20 to the lowest position; the seedbed vertical lifting device 2 and the track switching push-pull device 3 return to the initial position. Then the existing longitudinal rail power mechanism will be started to move the seedbed on the longitudinal rail 6. I.e., the seedbed is switched from the horizontal track (fig. 3) to the vertical track (fig. 4).
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the bottom mechanism of the track switch push-pull of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the intermediate layer mechanism of the track switch push-pull of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the top layer mechanism of the track switch push-pull of the present invention;
the operation logic of the specific track switching process is completed by the electric appliance control box. Wherein, limit switches on each cylinder for realizing the track switching of the seedbed are not explicitly named and described, and can be distinguished according to the flow.
Claims (4)
1. A greenhouse seedbed track bidirectional switching device is characterized by comprising a seedbed bidirectional in-place detection device, a track switching push-pull device, a seedbed vertical lifting device and an electrical control box;
the seedbed bidirectional in-place detection device is arranged on the transverse and longitudinal rails and used for in-place detection of the seedbed, the seedbed vertical lifting device is controlled to be arranged in the cross area of the transverse and longitudinal rails and used for controlling lifting of the seedbed, the rail switching push-pull device is arranged in the cross area of the transverse and longitudinal rails and located in the middle of the longitudinal rails, and bidirectional switching of the seedbed between the transverse rails and the longitudinal rails is achieved; the automatic control and multi-process coordination of the track switching process are realized through the electric control box;
the seedbed bidirectional in-place detection device is divided into a transverse track seedbed in-place detection device and a longitudinal track seedbed in-place detection device, the two devices have the same structure and function, and the function tracks are different; the seedbed bidirectional in-place detection device is essentially a pair of travel switches arranged on a seedbed track, one travel switch is arranged at the position where the seedbed moves to the position where the state of entering the switching track needs to be stopped and is used as stop detection, and the other travel switch is arranged at the safe position where the seedbed needs to be suddenly stopped when an accident happens and is used as safe sudden stop detection;
the track switching push-pull device is provided with three layers; the bottom layer mechanism of the track switching push-pull device comprises a device base, a bottom layer C-shaped track arranged on the base and a bottom layer cylinder used for pushing and pulling the middle layer mechanism to slide in a reciprocating mode; the device comprises a middle layer mechanism, a top layer mechanism and a bottom layer mechanism, wherein the middle layer mechanism comprises a middle layer profile frame, a roller which is arranged on the middle layer profile frame and slides on a bottom layer C-shaped track, a middle layer C-shaped track and a middle layer cylinder which is used for pushing and pulling the top layer mechanism to slide in a reciprocating manner; the top layer mechanism of the device comprises a top layer section frame, a roller which is arranged on a long leg of the top layer section frame and slides on a C-shaped track at the bottom layer, a roller which is arranged on a short leg of the top layer section frame and slides on a C-shaped track at the middle layer, and a mini cylinder, a seedbed gripper and a seedbed gripper lifting guide rod which are arranged at the long leg end of the top layer section frame; the roller wheels arranged on the middle-layer section bar frame can slide on the bottom C-shaped track under the driving of a bottom-layer cylinder arranged on the bottom-layer mechanism; the roller wheels arranged on the long legs of the top-layer section bar framework can slide on the C-shaped rails of the bottom-layer mechanism and the roller wheels arranged on the short legs of the top-layer section bar framework can slide on the C-shaped rails of the middle-layer mechanism under the driving of the middle-layer cylinder arranged on the middle-layer mechanism; the seedbed vertical lifting device is arranged in the cross area of the transverse and longitudinal rails and is positioned in the middle of the longitudinal rails, so that the seedbed is not deviated when being pushed and pulled; the height of the track switching push-pull device is set to be not to block the seedbed from moving on the transverse track when the gripper of the seedbed is not lifted;
the electric control box is a system which is built by a power supply device, an air pump, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a relay, an air cylinder electromagnetic valve, a seedbed travel switch, an air cylinder limit switch and a motor and is used for controlling the logic for realizing the bidirectional transfer of the seedbed; when the seedbed is switched from the longitudinal track to the transverse track, the seedbed is driven by an existing longitudinal track power mechanism to move to the cross area of the transverse and longitudinal tracks, and after the seedbed reaches a specified position, a travel switch in the longitudinal track seedbed in-place detection device is triggered to be used as longitudinal track in-place detection; at the moment, the PLC controls the longitudinal rail power mechanism to stop, the seedbed vertical lifting device to ascend, the rail switching push-pull device to extend, the seedbed gripper to extend, the rail switching push-pull device to retract, the seedbed gripper to retract and the seedbed vertical lifting device to descend in sequence, and the transfer of the seedbed from the longitudinal rail to the transverse rail is completed; then the PLC controller controls the existing transverse track power mechanism to start so that the seedbed moves out of the cross area of the transverse track and the longitudinal track on the transverse track; when the seedbed is switched from the transverse track to the longitudinal track, the seedbed is driven by the existing transverse track power mechanism to move to the cross area of the transverse track and the longitudinal track, and after the seedbed reaches a specified position, a travel switch in the transverse track seedbed in-place detection device is triggered to be used as transverse track in-place detection; at the moment, the PLC controls the transverse track power mechanism to stop, the seedbed vertical lifting device to ascend, the seedbed gripper to extend, the track switching push-pull device to extend, the seedbed vertical lifting device to descend, the seedbed gripper to contract and the track switching push-pull device to contract in sequence, and the transfer of the seedbed from the transverse track to the longitudinal track is completed; then the PLC controller controls the existing power mechanism of the longitudinal rail to start so as to enable the seedbed to move on the longitudinal rail.
2. The greenhouse seedling bed track bidirectional switching device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedling bed vertical lifting device is composed of a pair of parallel transfer tracks, two sets of lifting cylinders and corresponding lifting cylinder assemblies, each lifting cylinder assembly comprises a flange plate for mounting the lifting cylinder and a Y-shaped head for connecting the lifting cylinder and the parallel transfer tracks, each set of lifting cylinders is provided with two lifting cylinders, and the parallel transfer tracks are consistent with the longitudinal track structure; the vertical elevating gear of seedbed installs in horizontal vertical orbital cross section, and lift cylinder block is fixed in ground with the flange plate, and makes when the cylinder is totally released parallel transfer track and vertical track can realize aligning with one heart, and parallel transfer track is less than the seedbed extreme low position of seedbed bottom structure when horizontal track slides when the cylinder contracts completely to prevent the vertical elevating gear of seedbed from hindering the slip of seedbed on horizontal track.
3. The greenhouse seedling bed track bidirectional switching device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the movement of the seedling bed on the longitudinal track is as follows:
the seedbed realizes longitudinal sliding on the longitudinal cylindrical track through two groups of rollers, namely a seedbed limiting roller and a seedbed cylindrical roller, which are arranged at the bottom of the seedbed frame, wherein the seedbed limiting roller can ensure that the seedbed does not deviate when sliding on the longitudinal cylindrical track; the longitudinal cylindrical rail is a part of the longitudinal rail contacted with the seedbed;
movement of the seedbed on the transverse rails:
the seedbed frame of the seedbed is located on a transverse rail pulley arranged on the inner side of the transverse rail to realize transverse sliding; the transverse track pulley is of a convex structure, so that the deviation of the seedbed during sliding can be avoided.
4. The greenhouse seedling bed track bidirectional switching device as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the seedling bed is switched from the longitudinal track to the transverse track: the seedbed is driven by an existing longitudinal rail power mechanism to move to the cross area of the transverse longitudinal rail, and after the seedbed reaches a certain position, a travel switch in the longitudinal rail seedbed in-place detection device is triggered to be used as longitudinal rail in-place detection; stopping the seedbed moving on the longitudinal track and triggering the seedbed track bidirectional switching device to start; triggering a lifting cylinder electromagnetic valve of the seedbed vertical lifting mechanism to enable a lifting cylinder to push the parallel transfer track to rise to the highest position and then stop; triggering a push-pull cylinder electromagnetic valve of the track switching push-pull device to extend the track switching push-pull device, triggering an air cylinder limit switch when a long-leg-end seedbed gripper of the track switching push-pull device reaches the outer side of a seedbed frame, and stopping extension of the device; triggering a mini cylinder electromagnetic valve of the rail switching push-pull device to enable the seedbed gripper to vertically rise and attach to the outer edge of the seedbed frame; the track switching push-pull device is triggered by a push-pull cylinder electromagnetic valve to enable the track switching push-pull device to contract, the track switching push-pull device transmits a pulling force to the seedbed through the seedbed gripper to enable the seedbed to move from a longitudinal track to a parallel transfer track, and when a seedbed frame can be aligned in the vertical direction and falls into a transverse track roller, a push-pull cylinder limit switch is triggered, and the device stops contracting; triggering a mini cylinder electromagnetic valve of the track switching push-pull device to vertically descend the seedbed gripper to the lowest position; a lifting cylinder electromagnetic valve of the seedbed vertical lifting device is triggered to enable the seedbed to descend along with a parallel transfer rail driven by a lifting cylinder, and the parallel transfer rail is separated from a seedbed roller and continuously descends to the lowest position after the seedbed falls into a transverse rail; then the existing transverse track power mechanism is started to move the seedbed out of the cross area of the transverse track and the longitudinal track on the transverse track; namely, the seedbed completes the switching from the longitudinal track to the transverse track;
when the seedbed is switched from the transverse track to the longitudinal track: the seedbed is driven by an existing transverse rail power mechanism to move to a transverse and longitudinal rail crossing area, and a travel switch in the transverse rail seedbed in-place detection device is triggered when a seedbed limiting roller and a seedbed cylindrical roller are aligned with a longitudinal cylindrical roller in the longitudinal direction to be used as transverse rail in-place detection; stopping the seedbed moving on the transverse rail and triggering the seedbed rail bidirectional switching device to start; triggering a lifting cylinder electromagnetic valve of a seedbed vertical lifting device to enable a lifting cylinder to push a parallel transfer rail to ascend, lifting the seedbed along with the parallel transfer rail after the parallel transfer rail is attached to a seedbed limiting roller and a seedbed cylindrical roller, and stopping when the parallel transfer rail ascends to the highest position and is concentrically aligned with a longitudinal cylindrical rail; triggering a push-pull cylinder electromagnetic valve of the track switching push-pull device to extend the track switching push-pull device, triggering a cylinder limit switch when a long-leg-end seedbed gripper of the track switching push-pull device reaches the inside of a seedbed frame, and stopping extension of the device; triggering a mini cylinder electromagnetic valve of the rail switching push-pull device to enable the seedbed gripper to vertically rise and attach to the inner edge of the seedbed frame; the track switching push-pull device is triggered by a push-pull air cylinder electromagnetic valve to extend the track switching push-pull device, the track switching push-pull device transmits a pushing force to the seedbed through the seedbed gripper to enable the seedbed to move from the parallel transfer track to the longitudinal cylindrical track until the seedbed completely enters the longitudinal track, and the push-pull air cylinder limit switch is triggered to stop extending the device; triggering a mini cylinder electromagnetic valve of the track switching push-pull device to vertically descend the seedbed gripper to the lowest position; the seedbed vertical lifting device and the track switching push-pull device return to the initial positions; then the existing longitudinal track power mechanism is started to enable the seedbed to move on the longitudinal track; namely, the seedbed completes the switching from the transverse track to the longitudinal track.
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