CN111620996A - 一种低气味快速脱模聚氨酯半硬质泡沫 - Google Patents
一种低气味快速脱模聚氨酯半硬质泡沫 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种低气味快速脱模聚氨酯半硬质泡沫,包括组合聚醚和异氰酸酯按100:50‑65的质量比混合反应,所述组合聚醚成分包括聚醚多元醇‑1,聚醚多元醇‑2,聚氨酯半硬泡用平衡型催化剂,泡沫稳定剂,交联剂,阻燃剂,水和色浆;本发明的组合聚醚采用平衡型催化剂,凝胶/发泡平衡性极佳,且催化效率高,扶手开模浇注采用一模四腔模具,脱模时间可减少21s,提高生产效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及聚氨酯半硬质泡沫发泡领域,特别是一种低气味快速脱模聚氨 酯半硬质泡沫。
背景技术
聚氨酯半硬质泡沫性能优异,具有良好的减震性能、阻尼性能和吸声性能, 广泛应用于汽车内饰材料、工业缓冲材料和包装材料中。尤其是在汽车仪表板 及门板中,其与PVC表皮、PP骨架通过浇注一次成型,制备出的软质仪表板具 有良好的触感,在中高档轿车中广泛应用。仪表板、门板浇注工艺分为开模浇 注和闭模浇注两种,其中,由于开模浇注需要考虑设备合模时间,因此常用开 模浇注组合料的反应速度较慢,无法快速脱模,从而影响产品的生产节拍。同 时随着汽车行业的发展,乘客对内饰气味的要求越来越高,且汽车仪表板、门 板为内饰中重点控制产品,开发低气味快速脱模聚氨酯半硬质泡沫用组合聚醚是行业发展的方向。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决开模浇注仪表板在浇注过程中由于泡沫反应速度慢 导致产品无法快速脱模,影响产品的生产节拍,同时气味刺鼻的问题,从而提 供了一种低气味快速脱模聚氨酯半硬质泡沫。
为实现以上目的,提供以下技术方案:
一种低气味快速脱模聚氨酯半硬质泡沫,包括组合聚醚和异氰酸酯按100: 50-65的质量比混合反应,所述组合聚醚成分包括聚醚多元醇-1,聚醚多元醇-2, 聚氨酯半硬泡用平衡型催化剂,泡沫稳定剂,交联剂,阻燃剂,水和色浆;
组合聚醚羟值为50-60mgOH/g,25℃条件下粘度为1.2±0.2Pa*s;
聚醚多元醇-1是以甘油为起始剂的高反应活性聚醚,所述的聚醚多元醇数 均分子量为4800,羟值为33-37mgKOH/g,官能度为3,25℃条件下粘度为750-950 mPa*s;
聚醚多元醇-2是一种高羟值聚醚,能够产生足够的交联度和刚性,羟值为 400±20mgKOH/g,25℃条件下粘度为300-400mPa*s;
泡沫稳定剂为有机硅表面活性剂;
交联剂为二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺中的一种或两种组合;
水为去离子水。
优选地,组合聚醚的各组分的质量分数比例为:聚醚多元醇-1为70-90份, 聚醚多元醇-2为10-30份,交联剂1-3份,平衡型催化剂0.5-2份,泡沫稳定剂 0.5-2份,阻燃剂1-4份,水2-4份,色浆0.2-0.6份。
有益效果为:
1、平衡型催化剂为用于聚氨酯半硬质泡沫发泡的低气味平衡型凝胶/发泡催 化剂,该平衡型催化剂能够完全取代传统的凝胶催化剂(如A33)和起升催化剂 (如A1),平衡效果极佳。同时,该平衡型催化剂具有高效的催化效率,在反应 进行过程中,催化剂在促进链增长反应的同时,还能够调节竞争反应,减缓副 反应的发生。此外,该催化剂与硅油及其他助剂具有协同效果,增加了反应速 率,并保证泡沫的稳定性。本发明的组合聚醚采用平衡型催化剂,凝胶/发泡平 衡性极佳,能够满足开模浇注初期的合模要求,且催化效率高,扶手开模浇注 采用一模四腔模具,脱模时间可减少21s,提高生产效率。
2、与传统添加型催化剂相比,能够改善其添加量大、反应后游离在泡沫基 体中并会逐渐迁移泡沫表面而散发的现象,降低泡沫气味。与反应型凝胶/发泡 催化剂相比,具有添加量小、平衡性极佳的特点,为产品工艺性能稳定提供了 有利条件;
3、本发明得到的聚氨酯半硬质泡沫具有粘接力强,尺寸稳定性好;
4、本发明采用全水发泡,满足绿色环保的要求;
5、本发明的组合聚醚成本低,能够保证原材料生产批量可控,可避免由于 批量采购后客户产量波动导致材料报废。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明 实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述 的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处描述 和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。因此,以 下对提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范 围,而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明的实施例,本领域技术人 员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保 护的范围。
另外,在本发明的描述中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相 连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接, 或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以 通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术 人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
实施例1:
一种低气味快速脱模聚氨酯半硬质泡沫,包括组合聚醚和异氰酸酯按100: 50-65的质量比混合反应,所述组合聚醚成分包括聚醚多元醇-1,聚醚多元醇-2, 聚氨酯半硬泡用平衡型催化剂,泡沫稳定剂,交联剂,阻燃剂,水和色浆;
组合聚醚羟值为50-60mgOH/g,25℃条件下粘度为1.2±0.2Pa*s;
聚醚多元醇-1是以甘油为起始剂的高反应活性聚醚,所述的聚醚多元醇数 均分子量为4800,羟值为33-37mgKOH/g,官能度为3,25℃条件下粘度为750-950 mPa*s;
聚醚多元醇-2是一种高羟值聚醚,能够产生足够的交联度和刚性,羟值为 400±20mgKOH/g,25℃条件下粘度为300-400mPa*s;
泡沫稳定剂为有机硅表面活性剂;
交联剂为二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺中的一种或两种组合;
水为去离子水。
组合聚醚的制备:
按表1所列配方和次序在不锈钢混拌釜内进行60min的充分混合,即形成 本发明的聚氨酯组合聚醚,该组合聚醚为黑色液体,粘度为1.3Pa*s(25℃)。
表1
聚氨酯半硬质泡沫的制备方法:
将按照表1组分比例制得的组合聚醚通过浇注机,在料罐温度为25-33℃的 条件下进行浇注,得聚氨酯半硬质泡沫,其中组合聚醚与异氰酸酯的质量比为 100:50。
实施例2:
与实施例1不同之处在于组合聚醚中各组分的质量比:
按表2所列配方和次序在不锈钢混拌釜内进行60min的充分混合,即形成 本发明的聚氨酯组合聚醚,该组合聚醚为黑色液体,粘度为1.2Pa*s(25℃)。
聚氨酯半硬质泡沫的制备方法:
将制得的组合聚醚通过浇注机,在料罐温度为25-33℃的条件下进行浇注, 得聚氨酯半硬质泡沫,其中组合聚醚与异氰酸酯的质量比为100:63。
实施例3:
与实施例1的不同之处在于组合聚醚中各组分的质量比:
按表3所列配方和次序在不锈钢混拌釜内进行60min的充分混合,即形成 本发明的聚氨酯组合聚醚,该组合聚醚为黑色液体,粘度为1.2Pa*s(25℃)。
表3
成分名称 | 质量份数 |
聚醚多元醇-1 | 85 |
聚醚多元醇-2 | 15 |
泡沫稳定剂 | 1.0 |
交联剂 | 1.5 |
阻燃剂 | 2 |
平衡型催化剂 | 0.9 |
去离子水 | 3.2 |
色浆 | 0.4 |
聚氨酯半硬质泡沫的制备方法:
将制得的组合聚醚通过浇注机,在料罐温度为25-33℃的条件下进行浇注, 得聚氨酯半硬质泡沫,其中组合聚醚与异氰酸酯的质量比为100:57。
实施例4
现有组合聚醚成分
成分名称 | 质量份数 |
聚醚多元醇330N | 80-95 |
聚醚多元醇0545 | 5-20 |
泡沫稳定剂 | 1.0 |
交联剂 | 1-2 |
阻燃剂 | 2 |
凝胶催化剂 | 0.5-2 |
起升催化剂 | 0.5-2 |
去离子水 | 2.5-3.5 |
色浆 | 0.5-1 |
对比实施例1-3与现有组合聚醚实施例4工艺参数,对比数据见表4。
表4
由上表可知,实施例1-3的脱模时间均优于市面上开模浇注用组合聚醚,且 实施例3所得的组合聚醚综合性能优异。
对比实施例1-3中仪表板/门板用聚氨酯半硬泡的气味、散发三项和VOC, VOC检测采用10L袋子法,对比数据见表5。
表5
由上表可知,实施例1-3的气味、散发三项及VOC均满足行业标准,且实 施例3所得的组合聚醚气味、散发三项及VOC性能最佳。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于 此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到 变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应 所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (2)
1.一种低气味快速脱模聚氨酯半硬质泡沫,其特征在于,包括组合聚醚和异氰酸酯按100:50-65的质量比混合反应,所述组合聚醚成分包括聚醚多元醇-1,聚醚多元醇-2,聚氨酯半硬泡用平衡型催化剂,泡沫稳定剂,交联剂,阻燃剂,水和色浆;
组合聚醚羟值为50-60mgOH/g,25℃条件下粘度为1.2±0.2Pa*s;
聚醚多元醇-1是以甘油为起始剂的高反应活性聚醚,所述的聚醚多元醇数均分子量为4800,羟值为33-37mgKOH/g,官能度为3,25℃条件下粘度为750-950mPa*s;
聚醚多元醇-2是一种高羟值聚醚,能够产生足够的交联度和刚性,羟值为400±20mgKOH/g,25℃条件下粘度为300-400mPa*s;
泡沫稳定剂为有机硅表面活性剂;
交联剂为二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺中的一种或两种组合;
水为去离子水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种低气味快速脱模聚氨酯半硬质泡沫,其特征在于,组合聚醚的各组分的质量分数比例为:聚醚多元醇-1为70-90份,聚醚多元醇-2为10-30份,交联剂1-3份,平衡型催化剂0.5-2份,泡沫稳定剂0.5-2份,阻燃剂1-4份,水2-4份,色浆0.2-0.6份。
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