CN111616104A - Feeding method for Wenchang chickens in fattening period - Google Patents
Feeding method for Wenchang chickens in fattening period Download PDFInfo
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- CN111616104A CN111616104A CN202010610094.XA CN202010610094A CN111616104A CN 111616104 A CN111616104 A CN 111616104A CN 202010610094 A CN202010610094 A CN 202010610094A CN 111616104 A CN111616104 A CN 111616104A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention provides a method for feeding Wenchang chickens in the fattening period, wherein different feeding modes are adopted in the early fattening period and the later fattening period, and the feed formula in the early fattening period comprises the following components: 30-40 parts of dried sweet potatoes, 10-11 parts of rice, 5-10 parts of peanut cake, 19-26 parts of rice bran, 20-27.5 parts of rice chaff, 1-2 parts of palm oil and 0.5-0.8 part of salt; the feed formula at the later fattening stage comprises the following components: the weight parts of the rice bran-rice cake are 24-36 parts of dried sweet potatoes, 14-15.5 parts of rice, 10-16 parts of peanut cake meal, 15-23.5 parts of rice bran, 15-24 parts of rice chaff, 1-2 parts of palm oil and 0.5-0.8 part of salt. The method of the invention promotes broilers fattening at different periods to eat by optimizing the feed and feeding modes, solves the problem of poor fattening effect in the later fattening period of the traditional method, and has low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of breeding, in particular to a method for breeding Wenchang chickens in a fattening period.
Background
Wenchang chicken is a high-quality local variety in China, the fattening performance is good, the fat deposition capacity is strong, the female chicken is bred for 6 months, the male chicken is bred for 8 months, and the weight can reach 1-1.3 kg and 1.5-1.8 kg respectively. The meat quality of Wenchang chicken is related to the feeding mode besides the self germplasm resources. The commercial Wenchang chickens are divided into sloping chickens and fattening chickens, and are fed for 90-120 days to enter a fattening stage. After the fattening Wenchang chicken is cooked and mixed with seasonings, the Wenchang chicken is bright in color, mellow and fragrant in taste, soft in bones and tender in meat, smooth and not greasy in eating, fragrant and not popular, fragrant, delicious and tasty, and particularly suitable for a white-cut cooking method capable of showing the original taste and flavor of the Wenchang chicken.
The traditional Wenchang chicken feeding management method in the fattening period is to fatten for 40 days and select fresh feed for feeding, wherein the traditional feed usually comprises sweet potatoes, rice, peanut cake and the like, and the ingredients are boiled separately and then are used together with rice bran and the like. The mixed feed is fed while hot, and is fed for 2 times per day. The traditional formula feed has high crude protein content, and the early fattening and weight increasing are quick, but the later fattening effect needs to be improved. Some improved chicken feed formulations also appear at present, for example, patent application CN201410791696.4 discloses a fermented chicken feed for fattening bean dregs and a preparation method thereof. The disclosed chicken feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of corn, 40-50 parts of wheat, 20-30 parts of pea, 10-14 parts of rabbit meat, 12-16 parts of raisin, 12-15 parts of wheat germ powder, 1-2 parts of glabrous greenbrier rhizome, 2-3 parts of periwiny vine, 1-2 parts of lichun flower, 30-35 parts of peanut butter, 5-7 parts of rose pollen, 20-25 parts of cowpea, 30-35 parts of bamboo shoot, 40-50 parts of bean dregs, 1-2 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 3-4 parts of a phagostimulant and a proper amount of water. The prepared feed accelerates the growth speed of chickens under the condition of reducing feeding cost, improves digestibility, increases palatability and utilization rate of the feed through processes of fermentation, puffing and the like, and has good popularization value. However, the feed has more components, relatively complex preparation method and higher cost, and in addition, the feed cannot be completely suitable for Wenchang chickens. Generally, the problem of poor weight gain effect in the later fattening period in the traditional formula cannot be solved on the basis of low cost at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for feeding Wenchang chickens in the fattening period.
The scheme of the invention comprises the following aspects:
a method for feeding Wenchang chickens in a fattening period comprises the following steps:
the formula of the feed for Wenchang chickens at the early stage of fattening comprises the following components: 30-40 parts of dried sweet potatoes, 10-11 parts of rice, 5-10 parts of peanut cake, 19-26 parts of rice bran, 20-27.5 parts of rice chaff, 1-2 parts of palm oil and 0.5-0.8 part of salt;
the feed formula at the later fattening stage comprises the following components: the weight parts of the rice bran-rice cake are 24-36 parts of dried sweet potatoes, 14-15.5 parts of rice, 10-16 parts of peanut cake meal, 15-23.5 parts of rice bran, 15-24 parts of rice chaff, 1-2 parts of palm oil and 0.5-0.8 part of salt.
Preferably, the feed formula for Wenchang chickens at the early stage of fattening comprises the following components: 39-40 parts of dried sweet potatoes, 10.5-11 parts of rice, 9.5-10 parts of peanut cake, 19 parts of rice bran, 19-20 parts of rice chaff, 1 part of palm oil and 0.5 part of salt;
the feed formula at the later fattening stage comprises the following components: 35-36 parts of dried sweet potatoes, 15-15.5 parts of rice, 10.5-16 parts of peanut cake meal, 15-18 parts of rice bran, 15-19 parts of rice chaff, 2 parts of palm oil and 0.5 part of salt.
The forage of the invention can also be added with windmill grass (scientific name: Cyperus alternalius L.subsp.flabelliformis (Rottb.) Ku Kenth.).
In the invention, the fattening period is 60 days, the early stage of fattening is the first 30 days of the fattening period, and the later stage of fattening is the last 30 days of the fattening period.
Preferably, the palm oil is palm oil with a melting point of 18 ℃ and a melting point of 24 ℃ at the early stage of fattening; and in the later fattening period, the palm oil is palm oil with a melting point of 12 ℃ and a melting point of 24 ℃.
More preferably, the mass ratio of the palm oil with the melting point of 18 ℃ to the palm oil with the melting point of 24 ℃ is 1: 3-5 in the early fattening period.
More preferably, the mass ratio of the palm oil with the melting point of 12 ℃ to the palm oil with the melting point of 24 ℃ is 5-7: 1 at the later fattening stage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a feeding method for fattening Wenchang chickens, which promotes broilers at different fattening periods to eat by optimizing feed and feeding modes and solves the problem of poor fattening effect in the later fattening period of the traditional method. The invention also optimizes the use of palm oil, further improves the daily gain of Wenchang chickens by utilizing the different contents of fatty acid, vitamin E and other components in the palm oil with different melting points, and achieves the purpose of improving the daily gain without adopting a method for improving the protein content in the traditional formula. In addition, the forage added with the pinwheel grass can reduce the calcium content in the chicken bones, realize the 'bone crispness' characteristic of Wenchang chicken, and has better mouthfeel after cooking.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
Example 1 screening of Wenchang chicken fattening feed formulas
The experiment designs feed formulas with different nutrition levels, and compared with the traditional fattening feed formula, researches the fattening effect of different feed formulas on Wenchang chickens for 60 days to screen out the fattening feed formula of Wenchang chickens with the best feeding effect.
1. Test materials:
110-day-old Wenchang chicken, dried sweet potato (cooked), rice bran, rice chaff, peanut cake meal, palm oil, windmill grass (leaves, crushed), basil (leaves, crushed), salt and the like. The preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps: mixing the above materials.
2. Experimental design and feeding management
The test adopts a single factor test design. The experiment consisted of 12 treatments, 4 replicates each, 30 Wenchang chickens per replicate. The test chickens to be fattened enter the pre-feeding process at the age of 110 days, and are subjected to insect expelling (adopting levamisole) and 3-day antibiotic (adopting spectinomycin) feeding according to the prevention amount during the pre-feeding process. Selecting healthy Wenchang chickens with even weight at the age of 120 days, randomly grouping the Wenchang chickens into groups, randomly grouping the Wenchang chickens into each group, repeating the treatment, and entering a formal test. The test time is 60 d. The feed formula composition and nutrient components are shown in table 1. The weights of the treated test chickens were substantially identical, i.e., were not statistically significant (p > 0.05).
All test chickens are fed on cages, the feed feeding amount is about 60 g/d.only, the test chickens are fed twice every day, 3 chickens are fed in each cage, the feeding management conditions (temperature, humidity, ventilation, feeding time and the like) of each treatment group are the same except for different daily rations, and the test chickens are fed freely without drinking water. And (5) shading the test chicken house.
3. Index and method for measurement
Measurement indexes are as follows: laying rate, survival rate, daily gain and calcium content of tibia.
The determination method comprises the following steps: fasting was performed before the start of the official test, 30 days before fattening and 12 hours before the end of the test (60 days after fattening), and the weight was measured on an empty stomach in the unit of a repeating group. The egg laying number and the dead chicken number are accurately recorded in the test process. The calcium content of the tibia is measured by an atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
4. Data processing
The data obtained from the test are analyzed for variance and multiple comparisons by GLM process in SAS software.
5. Results and analysis
The effect of the feeds with different nutrition levels on the fattening effect of Wenchang chickens is shown in the tables 2 and 3.
Table 1 wenchang chicken fattening test feed formula unit: parts by weight
Note: the palm oil of the first formula to the ninth formula is palm oil with a melting point of 24 ℃.
Table 2 feed fattening results units of different nutritional levels: g/d. only, percent
| Group of | Daily gain | Laying rate |
| 1 | 3.33e | 1.85d |
| 2 | 3.36e | 1.77d |
| 3 | 3.54d | 2.91a |
| 4 | 4.18bc | 2.61b |
| 5 | 0.46f | 2.00c |
| 6 | 4.24bc | 2.63b |
| 7 | 4.28b | 2.68b |
| 8 | 4.12c | 2.57b |
| 9 | 4.15bc | 2.60b |
| 10 | 6.24a | 2.59b |
| 11 | 6.27a | 2.64b |
| 12 | 6.28a | 2.67b |
As can be seen from the table 2, the 5 th group (traditional formula group) of daily gain at the later stage of fattening is the lowest, the difference with other groups is obvious, and the group with the fastest daily gain is the 10 th to 12 th groups. The activity rates of all components have no obvious difference, wherein the activity rates of 4 groups and 6-12 groups are 100%. The laying rates of the 3-4 groups and the 6-12 groups are higher than that of the 5 th group, and the difference is obvious. On the whole, compared with the group 5, the other groups all solve the problem that the traditional formula group has poor fattening effect in the later fattening period.
Table 3 tibial calcium content units: is based on
As can be seen from table 3, the calcium content of the tibia in each of the other groups was significantly lower than that of the conventional formula group, the calcium content of the tibia in 6 to 7 groups was significantly lower than that in 1 to 5 groups and that in 8, 9, 11, and 12 groups, and the calcium content of the tibia in 12 groups was the lowest.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A feeding method for Wenchang chickens in a fattening period is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the formula of the feed for Wenchang chickens at the early stage of fattening comprises the following components: 30-40 parts of dried sweet potatoes, 10-11 parts of rice, 5-10 parts of peanut cake, 19-26 parts of rice bran, 20-27.5 parts of rice chaff, 1-2 parts of palm oil and 0.5-0.8 part of salt;
the feed formula at the later fattening stage comprises the following components: the weight parts of the rice bran-rice cake are 24-36 parts of dried sweet potatoes, 14-15.5 parts of rice, 10-16 parts of peanut cake meal, 15-23.5 parts of rice bran, 15-24 parts of rice chaff, 1-2 parts of palm oil and 0.5-0.8 part of salt.
2. The Wenchang chicken fattening period raising method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising:
the formula of the feed for Wenchang chickens at the early stage of fattening comprises the following components: 39-40 parts of dried sweet potatoes, 10.5-11 parts of rice, 9.5-10 parts of peanut cake, 19 parts of rice bran, 19-20 parts of rice chaff, 1 part of palm oil and 0.5 part of salt;
the feed formula at the later fattening stage comprises the following components: 35-36 parts of dried sweet potatoes, 15-15.5 parts of rice, 10.5-16 parts of peanut cake meal, 15-18 parts of rice bran, 15-19 parts of rice chaff, 2 parts of palm oil and 0.5 part of salt.
3. The feeding method for Wenchang chickens in the fattening period according to claim 1, wherein 1-2 parts of windmill grass is further included in the feed formula.
4. The feeding method for Wenchang chickens in the fattening period according to claim 1, wherein the fattening period is 60 days, the early stage of fattening is the first 30 days of the fattening period, and the later stage of fattening is the last 30 days of the fattening period.
5. The feeding method for Wenchang chickens in the fattening period according to claim 1, wherein the palm oil is palm oil with a melting point of 18 ℃ and a melting point of 24 ℃ in the early fattening period; and in the later fattening period, the palm oil is palm oil with a melting point of 12 ℃ and a melting point of 24 ℃.
6. The feeding method for Wenchang chickens in the fattening period according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of palm oil with the melting point of 18 ℃ to palm oil with the melting point of 24 ℃ is 1: 3-5 in the early fattening period.
7. The feeding method for Wenchang chickens in the fattening period according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of palm oil with the melting point of 12 ℃ to palm oil with the melting point of 24 ℃ in the later fattening period is 5-7: 1.
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Citations (8)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1911005A (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2007-02-14 | 河南农业大学 | Method for raising chicken |
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2020
- 2020-06-30 CN CN202010610094.XA patent/CN111616104B/en active Active
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