CN111607190A - 一种建筑工程用防水保温板 - Google Patents

一种建筑工程用防水保温板 Download PDF

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CN111607190A
CN111607190A CN202010472087.8A CN202010472087A CN111607190A CN 111607190 A CN111607190 A CN 111607190A CN 202010472087 A CN202010472087 A CN 202010472087A CN 111607190 A CN111607190 A CN 111607190A
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phenolic resin
insulation board
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祝春夏
肖杰
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Anhui Bayway New Materials Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种建筑工程用防水保温板，包括以下重量份的原料：改性酚醛树脂80‑100份、空心玻化微珠22‑30份、粉煤灰14‑20份、聚丙烯酸酯乳液15‑25份、聚丙烯纤维5‑9份、羧甲基纤维素钠3‑7份、发泡剂5.5‑9份、表面活性剂4.5‑7份；以改性酚醛树脂为基体，采用硅基改性剂对酚醛树脂进行改性，硅基改性剂与酚醛树脂发生醚化反应，得到了改性酚醛树脂，醚化降低了酚醛树脂的酸性，柔性的脂肪长链和有机硅键合在酚醛树脂上，大大提高了酚醛树脂的韧性，从而改性酚醛树脂与其余组分经混合、发泡、浇注成型后制备得到了高强度的保温板，另外，酚醛树脂上引入了具有低表面活性的有机硅，硅原子的存在赋予了保温板良好的疏水性，制备的保温板具有良好的防水性。

Description

一种建筑工程用防水保温板
技术领域
本发明属于保温材料技术领域，具体涉及一种建筑工程用防水保温板。
背景技术
保温板是隔离室内环境与外部环境的一种常用材料，保温板使用时往往在其外部涂覆有砂浆，起到防护作用，但砂浆吸水性能较好，导致雨水容易浸润至保温板处，现有的保温板强度一般、防水效果不够好，雨水浸润后吸水，容易导致寿命降低，影响建筑墙体的安全性能。
酚醛保温板属于有机类热固性高效保温材料，尤其近年建筑节能率的逐渐提高，应用保温材料技术性能越来越高，市场需求量越来越大。在建筑应用保温材料应用中，不但要求物理技术性能高，而且必须达到防火性能。酚醛树脂生产的酚醛保温板，具有良好的耐火燃穿透、耐高温、低烟性能，但酚醛保温板最大的缺点是脆性大、酸性大。由于酚醛保温板的脆性大，酚醛保温板在使用时存在掉粉、弹性低、压缩强度低，导热系数不达标等问题，固有优异防火性能没能得到很好利用，因此，影响该产品应用技术的扩展，同时给运输、施工带来很多不便。由于酸性大，使得酚醛保温板与金属、水泥基材料接触会有一定腐蚀性，限制了其应用范围。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种建筑工程用防水保温板。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现：
一种建筑工程用防水保温板，包括以下重量份的原料：改性酚醛树脂80-100份、空心玻化微珠22-30份、粉煤灰14-20份、聚丙烯酸酯乳液15-25份、聚丙烯纤维5-9份、羧甲基纤维素钠3-7份、发泡剂5.5-9份、表面活性剂4.5-7份。
进一步，所述的改性酚醛树脂的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
反应流程如下：
Figure BDA0002514601680000021
S1、硅基改性剂的制备
称取100mmol1,1,1,3,5,5,5-七甲基三硅氧烷和100-105mmol 6-氯-1-己烯加入到反应釜中和500-700ml溶剂异丙醇，搅拌溶解后，通入氮气保护，接着加入金属铂催化剂，继续通入氮气保持15-20min，直至完全替换掉反应釜中的空气，关闭氮气，边搅拌边升温至75-80℃，进行硅氢加成反应8-10h，反应结束后，减压蒸馏除去溶剂和未反应的6-氯-1-己烯，即得到式A1所示的硅基改性剂；
S2、改性酚醛树脂的制备
称取17-20g硅基改性剂A1、125-140g固体酚醛树脂粉末和1.5-2L溶剂叔戊醇加入到反应釜中，搅拌溶解完全后，加入6-8g碱催化剂碳酸铯，加入完毕后，边搅拌边升温至90-95℃，保温反应3.5-5h，反应结束后，自然冷却到室温，抽滤，采用水洗后，烘干后即得到式A所示的改性酚醛树脂。
进一步，步骤S1中，所述的金属铂催化剂氯铂酸，氯铂酸的加入量为12-15mmol。
进一步，步骤S2中，所述的碱催化剂为碳酸铯，碳酸铯的加入量为6-8g。
进一步，所述的发泡剂为正己烷。
进一步，所述的表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠、羟丙基甲基纤维素醚中的一种。
进一步，该防水保温板的制备方法为：将改性酚醛树脂、空心玻化微珠、粉煤灰、聚丙烯酸酯乳液、聚丙烯纤维、羧甲基纤维素钠、加入混料桶中进行预混，接着将预混物投入到搅拌器中，接着加入发泡剂和表面活性剂，搅拌混合均匀后，升温至65-75℃，保温搅拌15-20min，接着浇注成型，即得到防水保温板。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明提供了一种建筑工程用防水保温板，以改性酚醛树脂为基体，采用硅基改性剂对酚醛树脂进行改性，具体为：首先，以1,1,1,3,5,5,5-七甲基三硅氧烷和6-氯-1-己烯为原料，在金属铂催化剂氯铂酸的催化下，发生硅氢加成反应，制备得到了含氯取代的硅基改性剂，接着在碱催化剂碳酸铯的催化下，硅基改性剂与酚醛树脂发生醚化反应，即得到了改性酚醛树脂，醚化降低了酚醛树脂的酸性，柔性的脂肪长链和有机硅键合在酚醛树脂上，大大提高了酚醛树脂的韧性，从而改性酚醛树脂与其余组分经混合、发泡、浇注成型后制备得到了高强度的保温板，另外，酚醛树脂上引入了具有低表面活性的有机硅，硅原子的存在赋予了保温板良好的疏水性，吸水性低，制备的保温板具有良好的防水性。
当然，实施本发明的任一产品并不一定需要同时达到以上所述的所有优点。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
改性酚醛树脂的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
S1、硅基改性剂的制备
称取100mmol1,1,1,3,5,5,5-七甲基三硅氧烷和105mmol 6-氯-1-己烯加入到反应釜中和600ml溶剂异丙醇，搅拌溶解后，通入氮气保护，接着加入14mmol金属铂催化剂氯铂酸，继续通入氮气保持15min，直至完全替换掉反应釜中的空气，关闭氮气，边搅拌边升温至80℃，进行硅氢加成反应10h，反应结束后，减压蒸馏除去溶剂和未反应的6-氯-1-己烯，即得到式A1所示的硅基改性剂；
S2、改性酚醛树脂的制备
称取18g硅基改性剂A1、130g固体酚醛树脂粉末和2L溶剂叔戊醇加入到反应釜中，搅拌溶解完全后，加入7g碱催化剂碳酸铯，加入完毕后，边搅拌边升温至90℃，保温反应4h，反应结束后，自然冷却到室温，抽滤，采用水洗后，烘干后即得到式A所示的改性酚醛树脂，反应式如下：
Figure BDA0002514601680000051
改性酚醛树脂的红外表征为：IR(KBr):
Figure BDA0002514601680000052
3045/3021(苯环)，2922-2836(-CH2-、-CH3),930(-Si-O-)cm-1。
实施例2
一种建筑工程用防水保温板，包括以下重量份的原料：改性酚醛树脂80份、空心玻化微珠25份、粉煤灰16份、聚丙烯酸酯乳液20份、聚丙烯纤维7份、羧甲基纤维素钠5份、发泡剂5.5份、表面活性剂4.5份；
所述的发泡剂为正己烷；
所述的表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠；
该建筑工程用防水保温板的制备方法为：将改性酚醛树脂、空心玻化微珠、粉煤灰、聚丙烯酸酯乳液、聚丙烯纤维、羧甲基纤维素钠、加入混料桶中进行预混，接着将预混物投入到搅拌器中，接着加入发泡剂和表面活性剂，搅拌混合均匀后，升温至75℃，保温搅拌15min，接着浇注成型，即得到防水保温板。
实施例3
一种建筑工程用防水保温板，包括以下重量份的原料：改性酚醛树脂100份、空心玻化微珠30份、粉煤灰14份、聚丙烯酸酯乳液16份、聚丙烯纤维8.5份、羧甲基纤维素钠6.5份、发泡剂6份、表面活性剂7份；
所述的发泡剂为正己烷；
所述的表面活性剂为十二烷基磺酸钠；
该筑工程用防水保温板的制备方法为：将改性酚醛树脂、空心玻化微珠、粉煤灰、聚丙烯酸酯乳液、聚丙烯纤维、羧甲基纤维素钠、加入混料桶中进行预混，接着将预混物投入到搅拌器中，接着加入发泡剂和表面活性剂，搅拌混合均匀后，升温至70℃，保温搅拌20min，接着浇注成型，即得到防水保温板。
实施例4
一种建筑工程用防水保温板，包括以下重量份的原料：改性酚醛树脂90份、空心玻化微珠22份、粉煤灰15份、聚丙烯酸酯乳液24份、聚丙烯纤维5.5份、羧甲基纤维素钠3.5份、发泡剂8份、表面活性剂6份；
所述的发泡剂为正己烷；
所述的表面活性剂为羟丙基甲基纤维素醚；
该建筑工程用防水保温板的制备方法为：将改性酚醛树脂、空心玻化微珠、粉煤灰、聚丙烯酸酯乳液、聚丙烯纤维、羧甲基纤维素钠、加入混料桶中进行预混，接着将预混物投入到搅拌器中，接着加入发泡剂和表面活性剂，搅拌混合均匀后，升温至65℃，保温搅拌18min，接着浇注成型，即得到防水保温板。
对比例1
将改性酚醛树脂替换为普通酚醛树脂，其余同实施例4。
对制备的防水保温板进行性能测试
采用型号为DRCD-3030的导热系数测定仪测试保温板的导热系数；检测上述保温板试样的吸水率。具体检测结果如表1所示：
Figure BDA0002514601680000071
由上表可知，本发明制备的防水保温板具有良好的保温性能和防水性能。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明的构思所作的举例和说明，所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，只要不偏离发明的构思或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围，均应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种建筑工程用防水保温板，其特征在于：包括以下重量份的原料：改性酚醛树脂80-100份、空心玻化微珠22-30份、粉煤灰14-20份、聚丙烯酸酯乳液15-25份、聚丙烯纤维5-9份、羧甲基纤维素钠3-7份、发泡剂5.5-9份、表面活性剂4.5-7份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑工程用防水保温板，其特征在于：所述的改性酚醛树脂的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
反应流程如下：
Figure FDA0002514601670000011
S1、硅基改性剂的制备
称取100mmol 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-七甲基三硅氧烷和100-105mmol 6-氯-1-己烯加入到反应釜中和500-700ml溶剂异丙醇，搅拌溶解后，通入氮气保护，接着加入金属铂催化剂，继续通入氮气保持15-20min，直至完全替换掉反应釜中的空气，关闭氮气，边搅拌边升温至75-80℃，进行硅氢加成反应8-10h，反应结束后，减压蒸馏除去溶剂和未反应的6-氯-1-己烯，即得到式A1所示的硅基改性剂；
S2、改性酚醛树脂的制备
称取17-20g硅基改性剂A1、125-140g固体酚醛树脂粉末和1.5-2L溶剂叔戊醇加入到反应釜中，搅拌溶解完全后，加入6-8g碱催化剂碳酸铯，加入完毕后，边搅拌边升温至90-95℃，保温反应3.5-5h，反应结束后，自然冷却到室温，抽滤，采用水洗后，烘干后即得到式A所示的改性酚醛树脂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种建筑工程用防水保温板，其特征在于：步骤S1中，所述的金属铂催化剂氯铂酸，氯铂酸的加入量为12-15mmol。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种建筑工程用防水保温板，其特征在于：步骤S2中，所述的碱催化剂为碳酸铯，碳酸铯的加入量为6-8g。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑工程用防水保温板，其特征在于：所述的发泡剂为正己烷。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑工程用防水保温板，其特征在于：所述的表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠、羟丙基甲基纤维素醚中的一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑工程用防水保温板，其特征在于：该防水保温板的制备方法为：将改性酚醛树脂、空心玻化微珠、粉煤灰、聚丙烯酸酯乳液、聚丙烯纤维、羧甲基纤维素钠、加入混料桶中进行预混，接着将预混物投入到搅拌器中，接着加入发泡剂和表面活性剂，搅拌混合均匀后，升温至65-75℃，保温搅拌15-20min，接着浇注成型，即得到防水保温板。
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