CN111593751A - Structure and method for preventing and treating water and soil loss of high, large, steep and long slope - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a water and soil loss prevention structure for a high, large, steep and long slope, which comprises a guide drainage structure arranged on the slope, wherein the guide drainage structure comprises a fiber woven structure; the guide row structure comprises a first guide row structure and a second guide row structure, the first guide row structure is arranged along the slope surface at the same horizontal height, and the second guide row structure is arranged along the slope surface from the top of the slope downwards; the slope surface is provided with a plurality of first guide row structures from top to bottom. The invention also provides a method for preventing and treating water and soil loss of the high, large, steep and long slope, which comprises the following steps: leveling the slope; rolling a rod-shaped guide row structure; arranging a first guide row structure and a second guide row structure; the guide and drainage structure is fixed on the slope. The guide and drainage structure made of degradable fibers is paved on the slope surface, so that the flow speed of water flow passing through the slope surface is reduced, water and soil loss is prevented, and the guide and drainage structure is degraded after the ecological work of the slope surface is finished, so that the trace is hardly left.

Description

Structure and method for preventing and treating water and soil loss of high, large, steep and long slope

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of slope soil erosion prevention, in particular to a soil erosion prevention structure and method for a high steep long slope.

Background

On some bare slopes, because of the limitation of land acquisition and other reasons, a drainage ditch cannot be arranged on the top of the slope and the outer edge of the side slope, or because of the condition of land standing, engineering measures cannot be adopted on the slope body to grade the slope, so that the length of the single-stage slope is too large, the slope length of some slopes exceeds 20m, and the risk of water and soil loss of the slope is greatly increased.

In the slope ecological restoration engineering, the vegetation can play an effective role in retarding slope runoff after the vegetation is formed, but auxiliary means are needed to protect the slope from runoff erosion during the period from the completion of the engineering to the formation of the vegetation. The general appearance of the masonry protection is not beautiful, and the masonry protection is marked for a long time; the tiled grass blanket has good effect of preventing rain erosion, but has poor effect of blocking slope runoff.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a structure and a method for preventing soil and water loss on a high steep long slope, which aim to solve the problems.

A high steep long-slope soil and water loss prevention structure comprises: the guide bar structure is arranged on the slope surface and comprises a fiber woven structure;

the guide and drainage structure comprises a first guide and drainage structure and a second guide and drainage structure, the first guide and drainage structure is arranged along the slope surface at the same horizontal height, and the second guide and drainage structure is arranged downwards from the top of the slope along the slope surface;

the slope surface is provided with a plurality of first guide row structures from top to bottom.

Further, the guide row structure is fixed on the slope surface through U-shaped nails.

Further, the natural degradation time of the fibers of the fiber woven structure is not more than 5 years.

Further, the fiber weaving structure includes a bar-shaped structure rolled by a coconut fiber blanket.

Furthermore, the guide and arranging structure further comprises a polypropylene grating and industrial high-strength wires, wherein the polypropylene grating and the industrial high-strength wires are sequentially arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the coconut fiber blanket from inside to outside.

Further, the tensile strength of the coconut silk blanket is not less than 2kN/m, and the diameter of the rod-shaped structure is 5-20 cm.

A method for a water and soil loss prevention structure of a high, large, steep and long slope comprises the following steps:

leveling the slope;

sequentially arranging polypropylene grids and industrial high-strength yarns on the upper surface and the lower surface of the coconut yarn blanket from inside to outside, and rolling the polypropylene grids and the industrial high-strength yarns into a rod-shaped guide row structure;

arranging the guide and drainage structure along the slope to form a first guide and drainage structure and a second guide and drainage structure;

and fixing the guide row structure on the slope surface through U-shaped nails.

According to the structure and the method for preventing and controlling the water and soil loss of the high, large, steep and long slope surface, the drainage guide structure made of degradable fibers is paved on the slope surface, the flow speed of water flowing through the slope surface is slowed down, the water and soil loss is prevented, and meanwhile, after the ecological work of the slope surface is finished, the drainage guide structure is degraded, and marks are hardly left.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure for preventing soil erosion and water loss on a high, steep and long slope according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rolled coconut fiber blanket guide row structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a coconut fiber blanket, a polypropylene grid and industrial high-strength fibers in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the drainage guide structure for blocking the radial flow in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a slope surface; 2. a guide row structure; 21. a first guide row structure; 22. a second guide row structure; 3. A U-shaped nail; 4. coconut silk blanket; 5. a polypropylene grid; 6. industrial high-strength yarn.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a soil and water loss control structure for a tall steep long slope, comprising: the guide row structure 2 is arranged on the slope surface 1, and the guide row structure 2 comprises a fiber woven structure;

the guide and drainage structure 2 comprises a first guide and drainage structure 21 and a second guide and drainage structure 22, the first guide and drainage structure 21 is arranged along the slope surface at the same horizontal height, and the second guide and drainage structure 22 is arranged along the slope surface from the top of the slope downwards;

the slope surface 1 is provided with a plurality of first guide row structures 21 from top to bottom.

As shown in fig. 4, the thickness h1 of the water layer flowing into the drainage guide structure, the flow velocity V1, the thickness h2 of the water layer flowing out of the drainage guide structure and the flow velocity V2 satisfy the relation h1 × V1 to h2 × V2, so that the flow velocity of the water flow passing through the drainage guide structure is reduced, the thickness of the water layer is increased, the flow velocity is reduced, and soil erosion is prevented.

The second guide structure prevents water flow from flushing the slope surfaces at two sides due to the blockage of the first guide structure. The second drainage guide structure has a retarding effect on transverse water flow.

The guide row structure 2 is fixed on the slope surface 1 through a U-shaped nail 3. The U-shaped nail is 20cm in height and 10cm in width and is made of deformed steel bar with the diameter of 1cm and the length of 50cm through bending. The U-shaped nail of the specification has high strength and light self weight, can hoop the guide and exhaust structure 2, and ensures that the guide and exhaust structure 2 can still be firmly fixed on a slope surface after absorbing water. And U-shaped nails are used for fixing the guide row structure 2 on the slope surface at intervals of 50 cm.

The coconut shred is made into a coconut shred blanket 4, and the coconut shred blanket is rolled into a rod shape by using a single layer coconut shred blanket, the specification of the coconut shred blanket is 2.4m multiplied by 10m, the thickness is 3mm +/-1 mm, the tensile strength is 2.6KN/m, and the guide and guide structure is in the shape of a rod, the diameter is 10cm, and the guide and guide structure is in the shape of a solid fluffy shape. The guide and drainage structure of the specification is soft in texture, convenient to lay, capable of guaranteeing the effect of mud resistance and sand stagnation, and capable of allowing plant roots to grow freely through water flow, and meeting the requirement of slope water and soil conservation. The coconut shred is coconut fiber which is a mixture of hard fiber and elastic fiber, contains 0.25 percent of hemicellulase, 45 percent of lignin, 43 percent of cellulose and 4 percent of colloid, and has lower elongation and high tensile strength; the coconut wire is used for manufacturing the guide and exhaust structure, has higher corrosion resistance, and generally has the biodegradation time of about 3 to 5 years.

The upper surface and the lower surface of the coconut thread blanket 4 are sequentially provided with a polypropylene grid 5 and industrial high-strength threads 6 from inside to outside. The polypropylene grid (5) is a polypropylene grid of about 1cm by 1cm, for constraining the coconut fibers, keeping the shape; the industrial high-strength yarn (6) is polyester fiber, and in the embodiment, the polyester fiber is made into a grid of 10cm by 10cm, so that the guide and drainage structure cannot be loosely deformed during installation and use.

The embodiment also comprises a method for preventing soil erosion on the high, large, steep and long slope:

leveling the slope; leveling a high steep long slope surface to be repaired to ensure that the slope surface has basically consistent slope gradient without obvious depression or protrusion, and the outer edge of the slope surface is smooth and has clear margin;

arranging polypropylene grids and industrial high-strength yarns on the upper and lower surfaces of the coconut yarn blanket from inside to outside at one time, and rolling the polypropylene grids and the industrial high-strength yarns into a rod-shaped guide row structure;

arranging the guide and drainage structure along the slope to form a first guide and drainage structure and a second guide and drainage structure; when the first guide row structure is constructed, one row is paved at every 10m vertical interval from the highest position of the top of the slope. When the second guide row structure is constructed, the second guide row structure is continuously paved with the edge of the undisturbed slope and is tightly attached to the slope, so that omission and void leakage cannot be caused;

and fixing the guide row structure on the slope surface through U-shaped nails.

In this embodiment, the slope length is 80m, and the concrete construction process on the graded slope is not carried out as follows:

leveling a slope surface: the engineering slope is manually leveled, the slope gradient is basically consistent, no obvious depression or bulge exists, and the junction of the engineering slope and the original slope is trimmed, so that the boundary is clear and the connection is smooth.

Secondly, laying a guide drainage structure on the outer edge of the slope: the guide and drainage structure is laid along the boundary line of the engineering slope and the original slope and is fixed by the U-shaped nail 2 in time, and the guide and drainage structure is ensured to be tightly connected.

Thirdly, laying a guide and drainage structure in the middle of the slope surface of the side slope: and (3) starting the engineering slope surface from the slope top, dividing the engineering slope surface into one level every 10m, totally dividing the engineering slope surface into 8 levels, horizontally laying a guide row structure at a grading position, laying a 7-level row structure, and fixing the construction by using U-shaped nails after laying the construction until the whole slope surface is laid.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A high steep long-slope soil and water loss prevention structure is characterized by comprising: the guide and drainage structure (2) is arranged on the slope surface (1), and the guide and drainage structure (2) comprises a fiber woven structure;

the guide and drainage structure (2) comprises a first guide and drainage structure (21) and a second guide and drainage structure (22), the first guide and drainage structure (21) is arranged along the slope surface at the same horizontal height, and the second guide and drainage structure (22) is arranged along the slope surface from the top of the slope downwards;

the slope surface (1) is provided with a plurality of first guide row structures (21) from top to bottom.

2. The structure of claim 1, wherein the drainage structures (2) are fixed on the slope (1) by means of staples (3).

3. The structure of claim 1, wherein the woven structure of fibers has a natural degradation time of no greater than 5 years.

4. The structure of claim 1, wherein the fiber-woven structure comprises a rod-like structure formed by rolling a coconut coir blanket (4).

5. The structure for preventing soil and water loss on the high and steep long slope according to claim 4, wherein the drainage guide structure (2) further comprises a polypropylene grid (5) and industrial high-strength wires (6), and the polypropylene grid (5) and the industrial high-strength wires (6) are sequentially arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the coconut thread blanket (4) from inside to outside.

6. The structure of claim 4, wherein the coconut coir blanket (4) has a tensile strength of not less than 2kN/m, and the rod-like structure has a diameter of 5-20 cm.

7. A method of using the water and soil loss control structure of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

leveling the slope;

sequentially arranging polypropylene grids and industrial high-strength yarns on the upper surface and the lower surface of the coconut yarn blanket from inside to outside, and rolling the polypropylene grids and the industrial high-strength yarns into a rod-shaped guide row structure;

arranging the guide and drainage structure along the slope to form a first guide and drainage structure and a second guide and drainage structure;

and fixing the guide row structure on the slope surface through U-shaped nails.

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