CN211816332U - Ecological restoration structure of high and steep side slope of refuse dump - Google Patents
Ecological restoration structure of high and steep side slope of refuse dump Download PDFInfo
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- CN211816332U CN211816332U CN202020361836.5U CN202020361836U CN211816332U CN 211816332 U CN211816332 U CN 211816332U CN 202020361836 U CN202020361836 U CN 202020361836U CN 211816332 U CN211816332 U CN 211816332U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an ecological restoration structure of high steep side slope of refuse dump belongs to the ecological compound green technical field of side slope. Step slope top soil barriers (2) are arranged at the upper ends of the side slopes (6), slope fixing straw ropes (1) and covering soil (5) are laid on the slope surfaces, the slope fixing straw ropes (1) are arranged at intervals, the upper ends of the slope fixing straw ropes (1) are buried under the step slope top soil barriers (2), and the middle lower portion slope fixing straw ropes (1) are woven into a rhombic grid net; the slope fixing device is characterized by further comprising slope fixing anchor rods (3), wherein the slope fixing anchor rods (3) are arranged at intersection points of meshes of the rhombic grid net at intervals, the slope fixing straw ropes (1) are fixed on the side slope (6), and green plants (4) are arranged in the meshes. The structure adopts the slope fixing straw ropes (1) to weave a rhombic grid net to be fixed on the slope surface, and the slope surface is paved with the soil covering (5), so that the using amount of the soil covering (5) is reduced. The problem of high steep slope ecological restoration direct dumping earthing (5) regreen, meeting rainfall formation confluence and causing surface earthing (5) easily to wash away, lead to domatic regreen effect not good is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an ecological restoration structure of high steep side slope of refuse dump belongs to the ecological compound green technical field of side slope.
Background
According to the design specifications of metallurgical mine refuse dumps, the types of dump heaps and dumps of the refuse dump mainly include hillside type, valley type and flat terrain. For hillside type and valley type are piled up and arranged along with mountain topography, general first step receives the topography influence, and highly be difficult for receiving design control, domatic angle mainly receives the heap and arrange the material influence during the dump of refuse dump, is difficult to control in the regulation requires the angle, therefore the first step of refuse dump forms super high side slope easily. During the construction of an actual dump, the height of a side slope is not more than 30m and the gradient is not more than 35 degrees according to the standard requirements, hillside and valley types are influenced by terrain conditions, and the bottom step is difficult to control in the standard requirements. When ecological restoration is carried out, corresponding slope cutting and descending sections need to be carried out on a high and steep slope, and for steps at the bottom of the slope, the corresponding slope cutting and descending sections are easy to cause 'digging out slope feet', and the stability of an upper soil yard is influenced. The method adopts general direct soil covering recovery, particularly high and steep slope ecological recovery, if the soil covering is directly dumped, grass seeds or slope tree planting is mixed according to a certain proportion, when confluence is formed in the presence of strong rainfall or rainfall, the surface soil covering and the grass seeds are easy to wash away along with the flood, and in the soil covering taken away by the flood, a certain proportion of fertile soil is adopted, so that the slope greening effect is poor. The existing straw mat covering and spray seeding modes are influenced by terrain conditions and high cost and are not suitable for large-scale application.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that high steep slope ecological restoration directly emptys the earthing and replenishes green, meets the rainfall formation and converges and cause the surface earthing easily to be washed away, leads to the not good problem of domatic effect of replanting green.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: an ecological restoration structure of a high and steep side slope of a refuse dump is characterized in that a step slope top soil baffle is arranged at the upper end of the side slope, a plurality of slope fixing straw ropes and covering soil are sequentially paved on the slope surface, the slope fixing straw ropes are arranged at intervals, the upper ends of the slope fixing straw ropes are buried under the step slope top soil baffle, and slope fixing straw rope sections positioned on the slope surface of the side slope are woven into a rhombic grid net; the slope fixing anchor rods are arranged at the intersection points among the diamond grid net holes woven by the slope fixing straw ropes at intervals, the slope fixing straw ropes can be fixed on the side slope, and green plants are arranged in the diamond grid net holes at the slope fixing anchor rods.
The slope fixing straw rope in the structure is formed by binding three thin straw ropes with the diameter of 1.5cm, and the thin straw ropes are bound by steel wires every 0.5 m.
The difference between the length of the slope fixing straw rope buried under the upper step slope top soil block and the width of the step slope top soil block is not less than 2 m.
The step top soil retaining structure is a two-stage stepped soil retaining structure, the slope ratio of the two-stage stepped soil retaining structure is 1:1, the step top soil retaining structure is formed by stacking waste rocks, the top width of each step soil retaining structure is 0.5m, the height difference of the two-stage stepped soil retaining structures is 0.3m, the height of each step top soil retaining structure is equal to the soil covering thickness of the back side of each step top soil retaining structure, and the soil covering thickness of the back side of each step top soil retaining structure is increased by 0.3 m.
The slope fixing anchor rod and the slope fixing straw rope 1 are bound by steel wires in the structure, the length of the slope fixing anchor rod is not less than 1.5m, and the distance from the outer end of the slope fixing anchor rod to exceed the slope surface of the slope is not less than 20 cm.
Wherein, the thickness of the soil covering on the side slope surface in the structure should not exceed 3 times of the diameter of the slope fixing straw rope.
When the height of the side slope exceeds 30m in the structure, no retaining facility is arranged at the slope bottom, the soil covering area on the slope surface of the side slope does not exceed 1/2 of the area of the slope surface, and the soil covering is positioned at the upper half part of the slope surface of the side slope.
Wherein, the height of the side slope in the structure is lower than 30m, effective retaining facilities or platforms with a certain width exist at the slope bottom, and the slope surface of the side slope can be subjected to full slope surface soil covering.
Wherein, the distance between the adjacent slope fixing anchor rods in the structure is the distance of the intersection points of the meshes of the three rhombic grating nets.
The utility model has the advantages that: 1. the slope surface is woven and paved with straw ropes to be used as a blocking measure for the ecological restoration earthing, so that a large amount of water and soil loss and the loss of grass seeds sowing caused by the influence of rainfall on the earthing soil are effectively blocked; 2. trees are regularly planted in the middle of the woven rhombic lattice meshes, so that water and soil loss can be prevented, and the ecological restoration effect is improved; 3. by utilizing the self-putrefaction characteristic of the straw rope, the putrefaction becomes a favorable component for improving the soil covering condition, and is favorable for the growth of slope plants; 4. the straw rope has hygroscopicity, can absorb air and water in soil, and reduces the cost of irrigation and maintenance in the later period of ecological restoration; 5. the ecological restoration quality can not be reduced, the earthing consumption is reduced, and the cost is reduced; 6. the strength of the bound straw rope is improved, the side slope is reinforced, and the possibility of collapse and landslide is reduced; 7. and a soil block is built on the upper platform, so that the scouring of the upper catchment on the slope surface covering soil is effectively prevented, and the water and soil loss is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the present invention;
fig. 3 is the enlarged schematic view of the step top soil retaining structure of the present invention.
Labeled as: 1 is a slope fixing straw rope, 2 is a step slope top soil baffle, 3 is a slope fixing anchor rod, 4 is green plants, 5 is soil covering, and 6 is a side slope.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the ecological restoration structure of a high and steep side slope of a refuse dump, the upper end of the side slope 6 is provided with a step slope top soil baffle 2, a plurality of slope fixing straw ropes 1 and covering soil 5 are sequentially paved on the slope surface, the slope fixing straw ropes 1 are arranged at intervals, the upper end of the slope fixing straw ropes 1 is buried under the step slope top soil baffle 2, and the sections of the slope fixing straw ropes 1 on the slope surface of the side slope 6 are woven into a diamond grid net; the slope fixing device is characterized by further comprising slope fixing anchor rods 3, wherein the slope fixing anchor rods 3 are arranged at the intersection points among the diamond grid net holes woven by the slope fixing straw ropes 1 at intervals, the slope fixing straw ropes 1 can be fixed on the side slope 6, and green plants 4 are arranged in the diamond grid net holes in the slope fixing anchor rods 3. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the structure adopts the slope fixing straw ropes 1 woven into the rhombic grid net to be fixed on the slope surface, meanwhile, the slope fixing straw ropes 1 are fixed on the slope surface through the slope fixing anchor rods 3, and the slope surface is paved with the soil covering 5, and the structure can reduce the using amount of the soil covering 5 when the slope fixing straw ropes 1 are used for actual operation. After the soil covering 5 is finished, grass seeds can be sown and the slope surface can be planted with green plants 4, so that the stability of the whole structure can be kept. The structure preferably arranges green plants 4 in the meshes of the rhombic grid net at the position of the slope fixing anchor rod 3, and the green plants 4 can be general trees. In order to prevent the soil covering 5 from being too thick to cause water and soil loss, the thickness of the soil covering 5 should be noticed during actual operation. In addition, a corresponding step slope top soil dam 2 is built at the position of the slope top of the upper step, so that the upper platform soil cover 5 can be intercepted, and meanwhile, the influence of catchment formed under the influence of rainfall on the slope surface after the upper platform soil cover 5 is prevented; meanwhile, the upper end of the slope fixing straw rope 1 can be buried under the step slope top soil baffle 2 and used for fixing the upper end of the slope fixing straw rope 1, and the width of the step slope top soil baffle 2 is matched with the width of the slope surface.
Preferably, in the structure, the slope-fixing straw rope 1 is formed by binding three thin straw ropes with the diameter of 1.5cm, and the thin straw ropes are bound by steel wires every 0.5 m. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, in order to increase the strength of the slope-fixing straw rope 1, the structure preferably binds 3 straw ropes with a diameter of about 1.5cm into one slope-fixing straw rope 1, and binds the thin straw ropes every 0.5m by using steel wires to increase the structural strength of each thin straw rope, thereby achieving the final increase of the structural strength of the slope-fixing straw rope 1.
Preferably, the difference of the length of the slope-fixing grass rope 1 buried under the upper step top soil block 2 minus the width of the step top soil block 2 in the structure is not less than 2 m. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, in order to ensure the fixation of the upper end of the slope-fixing straw rope 1, the difference between the length of the slope-fixing straw rope 1 below the upper step top soil block 2 and the width of the step top soil block 2 is preferably not less than 2m, and it is actually preferable that the slope-fixing straw rope 1 can slide down in an effective manner if the difference is within the range of 2m to 4 m.
Preferably, in the structure, the step top soil dam 2 is a two-stage stepped soil dam structure, the slope ratio of the two-stage stepped soil dams is 1:1, the step top soil dam 2 is formed by stacking waste rocks, the top width of each step soil dam is 0.5m, the height difference of the two-stage stepped soil dams is 0.3m, the height of the step top soil dam 2 is equal to the thickness of 5 pieces of soil on the back side of the step top soil dam 2, and the thickness of the soil is 0.3 m. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, in order to prevent the casing soil 5 on the upper platform from sliding down to the slope surface of the side slope 6 to cause the casing soil 5 on the original slope surface to slide, the structure further prefers that the step top soil stopper 2 is a two-step stepped soil stopper structure, that is, two overlapped step soil stoppers with trapezoidal sections are built at the joint of the upper platform and the side slope 6 on the side slope 6, and the slope ratio of the two step soil stoppers is ensured to be 1:1, while the step top soil stopper 2 is formed by stacking waste rocks in a dump, the top width of each step soil stopper is 0.5m, the height difference of the two step soil stoppers is 0.3m, the height of the step top soil stopper 2 is equal to the thickness of the casing soil 5 on the back side of the step top soil stopper 2 plus 0.3 m. And the height of the first step soil baffle is equal to the thickness of the covering soil 5 on the back side of the step slope top soil baffle 2.
Preferably, in the structure, the slope fixing anchor rod 3 and the slope fixing straw rope 1 are bound by steel wires, the length of the slope fixing anchor rod 3 is not less than 1.5m, and the distance from the outer end of the slope fixing anchor rod 3 to exceed the slope surface of the slope 6 is not less than 20 cm. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, in order to ensure the stable structure after the slope is covered with soil 5, the length of the slope fixing anchor rod 3 is preferably not less than 1.5m, and the outer end of the slope fixing anchor rod 3 exceeds the slope 6 by not less than 20 cm. And the slope fixing anchor rod 3 and the slope fixing straw rope 1 are bound by steel wires, the soil 5 is covered after the whole slope surface is completely woven, and the soil 5 can be stabilized on the slope surface of the side slope 6 under the action of the slope fixing straw rope 1 and the slope fixing anchor rod 3, so that the soil is prevented from being washed away by rainwater.
Preferably, the thickness of the covering soil 5 on the side slope 6 in the structure should not exceed 3 times of the diameter of the slope fixing straw rope 1. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the thickness of the covering soil 5 has certain requirements in practical use, the covering soil 5 is easy to slide due to large thickness, and the vegetation is not easy to grow due to small thickness, so the structure is combined with field tests, and further, the thickness of the covering soil 5 on the side slope 6 is preferably not more than 3 times of the diameter of the slope fixing straw rope 1.
Preferably, in the above structure, when the height of the side slope 6 exceeds 30m, no retaining device is arranged at the slope bottom, the area of the soil covering 5 on the slope surface of the side slope 6 should not exceed 1/2 of the slope surface area, and the soil covering 5 should be located at the upper half part of the slope surface of the side slope 6. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the practical experiment of the structure shows that the height of the side slope 6 needs to be considered when the covering soil 5 is laid, specifically, when the height of the side slope 6 exceeds 30m, no retaining device is arranged at the slope bottom, the area of the covering soil 5 on the slope surface of the side slope 6 should not exceed 1/2 of the slope surface area, and the covering soil 5 should be positioned at the upper half part of the slope surface of the side slope 6, and the laying can enable the upper covering soil 5 to slide down under the action of irrigation water or rainwater and automatically cover the lower half part of the side slope 6, so as to save the using.
Preferably, in the structure, the height of the side slope 6 is lower than 30m, an effective blocking facility or a platform with a certain width is arranged at the slope bottom, and the slope surface of the side slope 6 can be subjected to full slope surface soil covering 5. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that in actual operation, according to field verification, the height of the side slope 6 is lower than 30m, effective retaining facilities or platforms with a considerable width exist at the slope bottom, and the slope surface of the side slope 6 can be subjected to full slope surface soil covering 5, so that the soil covering 5 can be prevented from falling off, and the vegetation growth is not influenced.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent slope fixing anchor rods 3 in the structure is the length of the diagonal line of the meshes of the three rhombic grid nets. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, in order to reduce the number of the slope fixing anchor rods 3, the distance between adjacent slope fixing anchor rods 3 is preferably the length of the diagonal line of the meshes of the three rhombic lattice nets, that is, the distance between the slope fixing anchor rods 3 in the horizontal direction is only limited to be the length of the diagonal line of the meshes of the three rhombic lattice nets, while the slope fixing anchor rods 3 in the direction along the slope surface of the side slope 6 are arranged in a staggered manner, that is, the slope fixing anchor rods 3 in the upper and lower rows are arranged in a staggered manner, and the distance between two adjacent rows of slope fixing anchor rods 3 may preferably be the length of the diagonal line along the slope surface of the rhombic lattice.
Claims (9)
1. Ecological restoration structure of high steep side slope of refuse dump, its characterized in that: the upper end of the side slope (6) is provided with a step slope top soil baffle (2), a plurality of slope fixing straw ropes (1) and covering soil (5) are sequentially paved on the slope surface, the slope fixing straw ropes (1) are arranged at intervals, the upper ends of the slope fixing straw ropes (1) are buried under the step slope top soil baffle (2), and the sections of the slope fixing straw ropes (1) on the slope surface of the side slope (6) are woven into a rhombic grid net; the slope fixing device is characterized by further comprising slope fixing anchor rods (3), wherein the slope fixing anchor rods (3) are arranged at the intersection points among the meshes of the rhombic grid net woven by the slope fixing straw ropes (1) at intervals, the slope fixing straw ropes (1) can be fixed on the side slope (6), and green plants (4) are arranged in the meshes of the rhombic grid net arranged at the slope fixing anchor rods (3).
2. The ecological restoration structure of a high and steep side slope of a refuse dump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slope fixing straw rope (1) is formed by binding three thin straw ropes with the diameter of 1.5cm, and the thin straw ropes are bound by steel wires every 0.5 m.
3. The ecological restoration structure of a high and steep side slope of a refuse dump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the difference between the length of the slope-fixing grass rope (1) buried under the upper step slope top soil block (2) and the width of the step slope top soil block (2) is not less than 2 m.
4. The ecological restoration structure of a high and steep side slope of a refuse dump according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the step top soil retaining block (2) is of a two-stage stepped soil retaining structure, the slope ratio of the two-stage stepped soil retaining block is 1:1, the step top soil retaining block (2) is formed by stacking waste rocks, the top width of each step soil retaining block is 0.5m, the height difference of the two-stage stepped soil retaining blocks is 0.3m, the height of the step top soil retaining block (2) is equal to the thickness of covering soil (5) on the back side of the step top soil retaining block (2), and the thickness of the covering soil is 0.3 m.
5. The ecological restoration structure of a high and steep side slope of a refuse dump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slope fixing anchor rod (3) and the slope fixing straw rope (1) are bound by steel wires, the length of the slope fixing anchor rod (3) is not less than 1.5m, and the distance from the outer end of the slope fixing anchor rod (3) to exceed the slope surface of the slope (6) is not less than 20 cm.
6. The ecological restoration structure of a high and steep side slope of a refuse dump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the soil covering (5) on the side slope (6) surface is not more than 3 times of the diameter of the slope fixing straw rope (1).
7. The ecological restoration structure of a high and steep side slope of a refuse dump according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the height of the side slope (6) exceeds 30m, no blocking facility is arranged at the slope bottom, the area of the soil covering (5) on the slope surface of the side slope (6) should not exceed 1/2 of the area of the slope surface, and the soil covering (5) should be positioned on the upper half part of the slope surface of the side slope (6).
8. The ecological restoration structure of a high and steep side slope of a refuse dump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the side slope (6) is lower than 30m, effective blocking facilities or platforms with a certain width exist at the slope bottom, and the slope surface of the side slope (6) can be subjected to full slope surface soil covering (5).
9. The ecological restoration structure of a high and steep side slope of a refuse dump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between adjacent slope fixing anchor rods (3) is the length of the diagonal line of the meshes of the three rhombic grid nets.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202020361836.5U CN211816332U (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2020-03-20 | Ecological restoration structure of high and steep side slope of refuse dump |
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| CN202020361836.5U CN211816332U (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2020-03-20 | Ecological restoration structure of high and steep side slope of refuse dump |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113617826A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-09 | 中冶成都勘察研究总院有限公司 | Step earthing method for repairing mine |
| CN115176622A (en) * | 2022-07-31 | 2022-10-14 | 岭南生态文旅股份有限公司 | Slope protection planting net for mine restoration and restoration method |
-
2020
- 2020-03-20 CN CN202020361836.5U patent/CN211816332U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113617826A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-09 | 中冶成都勘察研究总院有限公司 | Step earthing method for repairing mine |
| CN115176622A (en) * | 2022-07-31 | 2022-10-14 | 岭南生态文旅股份有限公司 | Slope protection planting net for mine restoration and restoration method |
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