CN113585296B - Artificial slope assembly type flexible support ecological comprehensive treatment structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial slope assembly type flexible support ecological comprehensive treatment structure and a construction method thereof, wherein the structure comprises a gabion system, a fixed connection system and a drainage system; the gabion system comprises a plurality of gabion units arranged on the step-shaped slope, each gabion unit comprises four gabion frames which are distributed in a staggered mode in the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction and have the same structure, and a gap is formed in a middle area defined by the four gabion frames; fixed connection system, including prefabricated connecting piece, the connecting piece is installed in the clearance, and the part that four directions extend about the connecting piece respectively with the last gabion frame that corresponds, lower gabion frame, left gabion frame, right gabion frame contact each other, and the side slope passes through soil nail with the center of connecting piece to be connected, connects four gabion frames and forms wholly. The invention has the functions of reinforcing, seepage prevention, water drainage and greening, has low manufacturing cost, fully utilizes the self deformation of the side slope to realize the cooperative stress and prevents the instability and damage of the shallow layer of the side slope.

Description

Ecological comprehensive treatment structure for assembled flexible support of artificial slope and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of slope treatment, and relates to an artificial slope assembly type flexible support ecological comprehensive treatment structure and a construction method thereof.

Background

In the construction of highways, the original topographic conditions are difficult to meet the linear requirements of flat and longitudinal sections, and deep excavation and high filling of roadbed in the engineering construction process is inevitable. The shear strength of the rock-soil body of the excavated artificial side slope is continuously reduced under the long-term action of a damp and hot environment, and side slope shallow layer instability destruction phenomena such as weathering spalling, falling rocks, collapse, slip collapse and the like are easy to occur. The instability damage of the shallow layer of the side slope generally occurs within 6m below the slope surface of the side slope, and the method is large in quantity and wide in range, and becomes a great technical problem for artificial slope management.

The bare artificial side slope is not beneficial to ecological environment protection, on one hand, soil, moisture and organic matters on the surface of the bare artificial side slope are lack, plants can not grow normally, and vegetation is difficult to recover under natural conditions; on the other hand, the exposed artificial side slope is easy to cause and aggravate surface water and soil loss under the action of damp and heat for a long time, and vegetation recovery is more difficult. At present, the common slope protection methods include: gravity type retaining wall, buttress type retaining wall, cantilever type retaining wall support, row pile type anchor rod retaining wall support, spray anchor support and the like. Although the method can effectively improve the stability of the side slope, the supported side slope has poor harmony with surrounding natural landscapes, and the ecological environment protection requirement is difficult to meet; besides certain defects in ecological environment protection, the slope protection method has great defects in side slope drainage and water supplement. Long-term water accumulation on the surface of the side slope can soften rock-soil mass, so that the phenomenon of instability and damage of the shallow layer of the side slope is easy to occur, and hidden danger is caused to the stability of the side slope. When the common reinforcing mesh and the gabion are used for slope protection, gaps among the stones are large and are connected with each other, accumulated water can be effectively drained, but the relevance among the gabions is weak, the cooperative stress capacity is poor, once the slope partially slides, the reinforcing mesh and the gabion slope protection structure is extremely easy to damage, and the protection capacity for local deformation of the slope is extremely limited.

Publication No. CN206928301U discloses a reinforcement gabion side slope supporting structure, and this patent relates to the drainage and the reinforcement effect that are used for improving soft soil side slope, but is difficult to compromise afforestation, retaining. The patent of publication No. CN107439356A discloses a method for realizing gabion stabilization and greening and a gabion greening system, which effectively solve the problems of gabion falling off and no greening function, and organically combine an anchor rod, a gabion and a planting cylinder, thereby preventing damage caused by hydrostatic force, being beneficial to the stabilization of hillsides and beaches, and simultaneously increasing the greening effect, but the integrity is poor and the reinforcing effect is poor.

In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art:

1. the barrier ability is poor. The existing slope reinforcement technology does not well solve the problem of slope body seepage prevention, cannot be in place in engineering construction in one step, needs an additional seepage prevention structure, greatly slows down the engineering progress, and improves the treatment cost. Once the side slope has no drainage time, rainwater can penetrate into the interior of the side slope to soften rock-soil mass, and the side slope stability is greatly influenced even if the side slope is reinforced;

2. the greening effect is poor. The traditional slope treatment technology hardly gives consideration to greening while reinforcing the slope, and visual gray pollution easily occurs to influence the ecological environment landscape. When a rock slope is treated, vegetation growth is difficult due to thin and shallow vegetation soil, and the plant growth is influenced due to poor water retention of the soil in continuous drought seasons;

3. the construction cost is high, and the utilization rate is low. The existing slope treatment technology does not fully utilize the self deformation capacity of the slope and adopts a rigid structure in large quantity, so that the construction cost is improved and the utilization rate is reduced;

4. no attention is paid to preventing the instability and damage of the shallow layer of the side slope. A large number of engineering practices show that the slope affected by the hydrothermal circulation often has a destabilization damage phenomenon on the surface. The traditional slope treatment technology rarely takes preventive measures aiming at the instability damage of the shallow layer of the slope, so that the surface instability damage phenomenon is frequent, the surface greening is influenced, and the structure reinforcing capacity is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an artificial slope assembly type flexible support ecological comprehensive treatment structure which has the functions of reinforcing, seepage prevention, water drainage and greening, is low in manufacturing cost, realizes cooperative stress by fully utilizing the deformation of a slope, prevents the instability and damage of a shallow layer of the slope and solves the problems in the prior art.

The invention also aims to provide a construction method of the artificial slope assembled flexible support ecological comprehensive treatment structure.

The invention adopts the technical scheme that the ecological comprehensive treatment structure for the assembled flexible support of the artificial slope comprises a gabion system, a fixed connection system and a drainage system;

the gabion system comprises a plurality of gabion units arranged on the step-shaped slope, each gabion unit comprises four gabion frames which are distributed in a staggered mode in the upper, lower, left and right directions and are identical in structure, namely the lower gabion frame is arranged on a first-layer step, the left gabion frame and the right gabion frame are arranged on a second-layer step, the upper gabion frame is arranged on a third-layer step, a gap is formed in a middle area defined by the four gabion frames, and a grouting pipe is arranged at the bottom of each gabion frame;

the fixed connection system comprises a connecting piece, the connecting piece is installed in the gap, the parts extending in the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction of the connecting piece are respectively in mutual contact with the corresponding upper gabion frame, the lower gabion frame, the left gabion frame and the right gabion frame, the side slope is connected with the center of the connecting piece through soil nails, and the four gabion frames are connected to form a whole.

Further, the connecting piece top is equipped with L type incision, goes up the bottom and the L type incision mutual contact of gabion frame, and the connecting piece bottom and lower gabion frame top contact each other, and lower gabion frame top is equipped with the baffle that the longitudinal section is the Z type, and the preceding wall of connecting piece, lower gabion frame top and lower gabion frame are hugged closely to the baffle, and the left and right sides of baffle outwards extends, restricts left side gabion frame, right side gabion frame to the displacement of keeping away from domatic direction.

Furthermore, a rib plate with a triangular longitudinal section is arranged between the front wall surface of the baffle close to the connecting piece and the top of the lower gabion frame.

Furthermore, the drainage system comprises drainage ditches arranged on the slope sides and the slope feet, a catch basin arranged on the slope top, geotechnical cloth, lateral geotechnical cloth and a drainage plate;

the geotextile covers the horizontal part and the vertical part of the step-shaped side slope, the geotextile covering the upper step and the lower step is overlapped at the vertical part, a drainage plate is arranged between the two overlapped geotextiles, and the drainage plate is close to the vertical part; the horizontal part is provided with an arc sunken part, and gravels are paved on the arc sunken part to ensure that the surface of the horizontal part is flat;

the side geotextile is wrapped on the empty side of the gabion frame.

Furthermore, the stone blocks are placed in each stone cage frame, the vegetation soil is distributed in gaps among the stone blocks, and plants are planted in the vegetation soil.

Furthermore, the grouting pipe is L-shaped, the horizontal part of the grouting pipe is parallel to the bottom of the corresponding gabion frame, the vertical part of the grouting pipe extends out of the gabion frame, and a grouting opening is formed in the end part of the grouting pipe, which extends out of the gabion frame; the horizontal part of the grouting pipe is uniformly provided with a plurality of small holes with the aperture of 0.005-0.01m.

Furthermore, the gabion frame is composed of a rectangular steel bar frame and a gabion net, and a steel bar separation net is arranged inside the gabion frame.

Furthermore, a hole with the diameter of 0.05m is reserved at the middle upper part of the connecting piece, a hollow cylindrical metal gasket is installed at the inlet of the hole, a soil nail hole is formed in the soil body below the gap corresponding to the connecting piece, a soil nail penetrates through the hole and extends into the soil nail hole, and the soil nail and the metal gasket are firmly welded after grouting.

Furthermore, the depth of the soil nails penetrating into the soil body of the side slope is 6-8m.

A construction method of the artificial slope assembly type flexible support ecological comprehensive treatment structure specifically comprises the following steps:

s1: processing sundries on the surface of the side slope, and building a drainage structure on the top of the slope, the side of the slope and the toe of the slope;

s2: carry out domatic hierarchical excavation from the top of a slope downwards, form step form side slope, the horizontal slope is 1:40;

s3: flattening the surface of the step-shaped slope;

s4: planning the position of each gabion frame, wherein the left gabion frame or the right gabion frame of each gabion unit is an upper gabion frame or a lower gabion frame of an adjacent gabion unit, and the spacing distance between the left gabion frame and the right gabion frame of each gabion unit is adapted to the width of the part, embedded into the gabion unit, of the connecting piece; embedding a grouting pipe at the bottom of the gabion frame, placing stones into one side, close to the slope body, of the superior gabion frame, placing the stones into one side, far away from the slope body, of the superior gabion frame after filling of the inferior gabion frame, and wrapping the side face geotextile on the empty side of the gabion frame;

s5: after being transported to a construction site, the prefabricated connecting piece is placed in the gap, the side slope is connected with the center of the connecting piece through soil nails in a grouting mode, and the four corresponding gabion frames are connected into a whole;

s6: and (3) pouring liquid vegetation soil with plant seeds into the corresponding gabion frame through a preset grouting pipe to fill gaps among the stones, and stopping pouring after the vegetation soil overflows from the upper surface of the stones for 3-5 cm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the drainage and seepage-proofing capacity is strong. The 'seepage prevention prior to drainage' is the obvious advantage of the flexible use of the geotextile, and the reasonable use of the geotextile can not only improve the seepage prevention capability of the gabion structure, but also effectively drain the seepage of rock and soil mass below the slope surface. The seepage water collects on the slope surface below the upper-layer step geotextile, and then is guided to the drainage ditch on the slope side along with the gradient direction of the horizontal step on the lower-layer step geotextile by the drainage plate, so that the seepage water of rock and soil mass below the slope surface can be effectively discharged. Most rainwater on the top of the slope is collected in the intercepting ditch and discharged, small water seepage is collected below each horizontal step geotextile, one part flows into the drainage ditch on the slope side along the gradient direction of the horizontal step, and the other part flows to the upper part of the next step geotextile along the pores of the vertical drainage plate and finally flows into the drainage ditch. The rainwater infiltration is reduced, so that the slope diseases under the hydrothermal circulation action can be effectively prevented. Most of drainage of the existing slope treatment technology is along the slope descending direction, and the overlong drainage path is easy to cause soil and water loss and rainwater infiltration on the surface of the slope, so that the greening effect and the slope stability are influenced. According to the invention, the arc-shaped design of the horizontal step improves the water collection capacity to supplement water for green plants, and meanwhile, the small-slope inclined design changes the drainage path, so that the retention time of rainwater on the side slope is obviously shortened;

2. the greening effect is good. The greening is hardly considered when the common gabion is used for reinforcing the side slope, and the exposed gabion net and the rock block are not coordinated with the surrounding natural ecological landscape. The invention simultaneously considers reinforcement and greening, the combined structure of the rock block and the plant soil has enough thickness, can store water and nutrients required by plant growth, provides a good growth environment for the slope vegetation and ensures the greening effect. After the green plants are planted, the roots of the plants can penetrate into the planting soil, so that the connection between the planting soil and the rock block is firmer, and the loss of the planting soil can be effectively reduced;

3. the integrity is good. The invention can greatly improve the integrity of the gabion structure while giving consideration to greening and water drainage, not only can keep the advantages of the flexible structure adapting to uneven platform surface and larger deformation of the side slope, but also can increase the action of cooperative stress among the gabions. The prefabricated connecting pieces are used for firmly connecting the surrounding gabions, and the combination of the prefabricated connecting pieces and the soil nails transfers structural stress to the deep rock and soil body, so that shallow instability can be effectively prevented. The flexible supporting mode can effectively exert the self-bearing capacity of the side slope, allows the slope body to have certain deformation without being damaged, and the flexible gabion structure can generate certain deformation when the side slope is locally deformed and is transmitted to other gabions and soil nails through the baffle plate, so that the flexible gabion structure cooperatively deforms and cooperatively bears the force together, and the deformation and the damage generated by overlarge stress of the local gabion structure can be integrally shared;

4. the construction cost is low, and the construction process is simple and convenient. The invention adopts an assembly type construction method, and original raw materials such as the gabion frame, the prefabricated connecting piece, the geotextile, the grouting pipe, the liquefied vegetation soil and the like are manufactured and molded in a factory in advance and then are conveyed to a construction site for assembly, so that the quality is ensured, and the construction process is very simple and convenient. The construction sequence from top to bottom adapts to the slope excavation, not only the construction period can be shortened, but also the cost of side slope support can be saved. Meanwhile, all the raw materials are very low in price, the stones near the construction site can be placed into the gabion net, the overall structure is low in engineering cost, and the gabion net is suitable for being used in a multi-point large area.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a side view of a slope excavation construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a vertical drainage plate of an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a front elevation view of a gabion structure according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of stone loading according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a grouting pipe according to an embodiment of the invention.

Figure 8 is a three-dimensional view of a gabion frame according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged side view of an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 10 is a three-dimensional view of a connector according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a catch basin, 2, a drainage ditch, 3, a horizontal part, 4, a vertical part, 5, an arc sunken part, 6, geotechnical cloth, 6-1, first-stage geotechnical cloth, 6-2, next-stage geotechnical cloth, 7, a baffle, 8, a drainage plate, 9, broken stones, 10, a left gabion frame, 11, a right gabion frame, 12, an upper gabion frame, 13, a lower gabion frame, 14, side geotechnical cloth, 15, a frame bottom, 16, a grouting pipe, 17, a grouting opening, 18, an inner side of the gabion, 19, a steel bar spacer net, 20, an outer side of the gabion, 21, a connecting piece, 22, a gap, 23, a hole, 24, a soil nail hole, 25, a metal gasket and 26, soil nails.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the case of the example 1, the following examples are given,

an artificial slope assembly type flexible support ecological comprehensive treatment structure comprises a gabion system, a fixed connection system and a drainage system;

as shown in fig. 1-2 and 5-7, the gabion system comprises a plurality of gabion units arranged on a step-shaped slope, each gabion unit comprises four gabion frames which are distributed in a staggered manner in an upper, lower, left and right mode and have the same structure, namely, the lower gabion frame 13 forms a first step, the left gabion frame 10 and the right gabion frame 11 form a second step, the upper gabion frame 12 forms a third step, a gap 22 is formed in a middle area defined by the four gabion frames, an L-shaped grouting pipe 16 is arranged at the bottom of each gabion frame, stones are placed in each gabion frame, vegetation soil is distributed in the gaps among the stones, plants are planted in the vegetation soil, and the vegetation soil is formed by mixing local fine particle soil with organic matters, fertilizers, water and the like.

The fixed connection system comprises a connecting piece 21, the connecting piece 21 is of a prefabricated concrete structure, the connecting piece 21 is installed in a gap 22, the parts, extending in the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction, of the connecting piece 21 are respectively in contact with the corresponding upper gabion frame 12, the lower gabion frame 13, the left gabion frame 10 and the right gabion frame 11, the side slope is connected with the center of the connecting piece 21 through soil nails 26, and the four gabion frames are connected into a whole.

The drainage system comprises a drainage ditch 2 arranged at the slope foot of the slope side and a catch ditch 1 at the top of the slope; and the geotextile 6, the side geotextile 14 and the drainage plate 8 are also included.

As shown in fig. 3-4 and 6, the horizontal part 3 and the vertical part 4 of the step-shaped slope are covered with geotextile 6, the geotextile 6 covering the steps of the upper and lower layers are overlapped at the vertical part 4, a drainage plate 8 is arranged between the two overlapped geotextile 6, and the drainage plate 8 is close to the vertical part 4; the horizontal part 3 is provided with an arc-shaped sunken part 5, single graded broken stones 9 are paved on the arc-shaped sunken part 5, so that the surface of the horizontal part 3 is flat, and the side geotechnical cloth 14 is wrapped on the side of the gabion frame which is near empty.

As shown in fig. 7, the horizontal part of the grouting pipe 16 is parallel to the frame bottom 15 of the corresponding gabion frame, the vertical part of the grouting pipe 16 extends out of the gabion frame, and the end part of the grouting pipe 16 extending out of the gabion frame is provided with a grouting opening 17; the horizontal part of the grouting pipe 16 is uniformly provided with a plurality of small holes with the aperture of 0.005-0.01m, and the particle size of the planting soil particles is smaller than the aperture. The diameter of the grouting pipe 16 is 0.04m, the length of the vertical part of the grouting pipe 16 is 0.6m, and the length of the horizontal part of the grouting pipe 16 is 3.8m.

As shown in fig. 8, the gabion frames are composed of rectangular steel bar frames and gabion nets, and the gabion frames are 4m long, 0.6m wide and 0.5m high in specification; the inside reinforcing bar spacer net 19 that is equipped with of gabion frame is divided into to be close to near sky face one side (gabion outside 20) and be close to slope body one side (gabion inboard 18) with the gabion frame, and the width ratio of gabion inboard 18 and gabion outside 20 is 2:1, convenient construction avoids the gabion frame to face the empty part and destroy, the piece stone drops. The gabion frame can utilize the mould to produce connecting pieces in batches in the factory prefabrication process, and quality, economy and production efficiency can be guaranteed. The gabion mesh is formed by mechanically weaving low-carbon steel wires or steel wires coated with PVC, and the low-carbon steel wires or the steel wires are high in corrosion resistance, high in strength and ductility.

As shown in fig. 9-10, the main body of the connecting member 21 is embedded into the gap 22, an L-shaped notch is formed in the top of the connecting member 21, the bottom of the upper gabion frame 12 is in contact with the L-shaped notch, the bottom of the connecting member 21 is in contact with the top of the lower gabion frame 13, a baffle with a Z-shaped longitudinal section is arranged at the top of the lower gabion frame 13, the baffle is tightly attached to the front wall of the connecting member 21, the top of the lower gabion frame 13 and the front wall of the lower gabion frame 13, the left side and the right side of the baffle extend outwards to restrict displacement of the left gabion frame 10 and the right gabion frame 11 in a direction away from a slope surface, so that installation is facilitated, and the connecting member 21 can generate enough restriction force on the gabion.

A rib plate with a triangular longitudinal section is arranged between the front wall surface of the baffle close to the connecting piece 21 and the top of the lower gabion frame 13, and plays a role in relieving stress concentration and increasing the rigidity of the connecting piece 21.

As shown in fig. 10, the connecting member 21 has a plate length of 0.6m, a plate width of 0.2m, a plate height of 0.5m, an upward extension of 0.2m, a downward extension of 0.2m, and a baffle plate with a Z-shaped longitudinal section extending 0.3m in bilateral symmetry, wherein the plate length and the plate height are adapted to the step width and the height of the step slope, the horizontal part 3 of the step slope has a width of 0.5m, and the vertical part 4 has a height of 0.5m; the plate width takes the hole diameter length of the soil nail and the thickness of the minimum reinforced concrete protective layer into consideration; the extension of the plate to the periphery takes into account practicality and economy.

A hole 23 with the diameter of 0.05m is reserved at the middle upper part of the connecting piece 21, a hollow cylindrical metal gasket 25 is arranged at the inlet of the hole 23, a soil nail hole 24 is arranged in the soil body below the gap 22 corresponding to the connecting piece 21, and a soil nail 26 penetrates through the hole 23 and extends into the soil nail hole 24. The height of the metal gasket 25 is 0.02m, the outer diameter is 0.1m, and the inner diameter is 0.05m; the soil nail 26 adopts a reinforcing steel bar with the diameter of 0.016 to 0.032m and the length of 6 to 8m, and after grouting, the reinforcing steel bar and the metal gasket 25 are welded firmly; the diameter of the reinforcing bar of the connecting piece 21 is 0.016m, and the distance length is 0.1m multiplied by the width is 0.1m.

The combination of the soil nails 26 and the gabion unit effectively exerts the self-bearing capacity of the rock-soil mass, allows the rock-soil mass to have certain deformation without damage, and can ensure a supporting measure with considerable supporting resistance even when the rock-soil mass moves integrally with the reinforced rock mass. The soil nails 26 penetrate into the side slope shallow layer damage critical surface about 2m below, enough reinforcement effect can be exerted, the depth of the side slope shallow layer damage critical surface of a general soft rock and soil slope is 4-6m, the depth of the soil nails 26 penetrating into the side slope soil body is 6-8m, the stability of the side slope can be reduced due to the fact that the soil nails 26 are too short, the stability of the side slope can be effectively improved due to the fact that the length of the soil nails 26 is increased, the effect of improving the stability of the side slope is not obvious when the soil nails 26 are too long, and the construction cost and the construction difficulty can be improved.

In the case of the example 2, the following examples are given,

a construction method of an artificial slope assembly type flexible support ecological comprehensive treatment structure specifically comprises the following steps:

s1: and (3) processing impurities on the surface of the side slope, building a intercepting ditch 1 at the top of the slope, and building a drainage ditch 2 at the foot of the side slope.

S2: machinery carries out domatic hierarchical excavation downwards from the top of a slope, forms step form side slope, and 3 wide 0.5m of horizontal part of step form side slope, vertical portion 4 height 0.5m, 3 middle sunken 0.05m of horizontal part are the arc, and the horizontal slope is 1:40; so as to collect the drainage;

s3: covering the geotechnical cloth 6 on the surface of the step-shaped side slope to ensure the surface of the step-shaped side slope to be flat; the first-stage geotextile 6-1 is tightly attached to soil to cover the horizontal part 3 of the step-shaped slope and leave soil with the length of 0.3m tightly attached to the adjacent lower vertical part 4, the next-stage geotextile 6-2 covers the soil of the horizontal part 3 of the lower step, meanwhile, the upper end of the next-stage geotextile 6-2 is overlapped with the first-stage geotextile 6-1 at the vertical part 4 of the step by 0.1m, the lower end of the next-stage geotextile 6-2 leaves soil with the length of 0.3m tightly attached to the adjacent lower vertical part 4, and the steps are repeated until all slopes are covered; and a drainage plate 8 is arranged between the first-stage geotextile 6-1 and the next-stage geotextile 6-2 which are overlapped, the drainage plate 8 is close to the vertical part 4, and the height of the drainage plate 8 is 0.5m. A single gradation of crushed stone 9 is laid in the arc-shaped depression of the horizontal portion 3 to the surface level of the horizontal portion 3.

S4: planning the position of each gabion frame, wherein a left gabion frame 10 or a right gabion frame 11 of each gabion unit is an upper gabion frame 12 or a lower gabion frame 13 of an adjacent gabion unit, so that upper-level lower-level gabion frames are arranged in a staggered mode; the spacing distance between the left gabion frame 10 and the right gabion frame 11 of each gabion unit is adapted to the width of the part, embedded into the gabion unit, of the connecting piece 21, in the embodiment, the width of the part, embedded into the gabion unit, of the connecting piece 21 is 0.2m, and the spacing distance between the left gabion frame 10 and the right gabion frame 11 of each gabion unit is 0.01m larger than the width of the part, embedded into the gabion unit, of the connecting piece 21. The method comprises the following steps that the gabion frame is manufactured in a factory and then is transported to a construction site, the gabion frame with low weight is transported to a designated position manually or mechanically, a grouting pipe 16 is embedded at the bottom of the gabion frame, and the elevation of a pipe orifice is 0.1 to 0.2m larger than that of the gabion frame; local materials are used for collecting stones near a slope body, the stones are firstly placed into one side, close to the slope body, of an upper-level gabion frame, and after filling of one side, close to the slope body, of a lower-level gabion frame is completed, the stones are placed into one side, far away from the slope body, of the upper-level gabion frame, so that damage to empty parts of the gabion frame and falling of the stones are avoided; the side geotechnical cloth 14 is wrapped on the side of the gabion frame facing the hollow space. The sequence of excavating and arranging the gabion is from top to bottom, the multi-stage step forming process and the slope excavating process are synchronous, the slope is prevented from being damaged in the period of no support after excavating, meanwhile, the construction time is saved, and the construction period is shortened.

S5: the connecting piece 21 is prefabricated by engineering, so that the complexity is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the quality is controlled; after being transported to a construction site, the prefabricated connecting piece 21 is placed in the gap 22, the side slope is connected with the center of the connecting piece 21 through the soil nails 26 in a grouting mode, and the corresponding four gabion frames are connected into a whole; specifically, a soil nail 26 penetrates through the hole 23 and extends into the soil nail hole 24, the soil nail 26 is reserved to be 0.05-0.1m outside the connecting piece 21, cement mortar is poured into the soil nail hole 24 by adopting a bottom grouting method, a grouting pipe is inserted into a position 0.25-0.5 m away from the bottom of the hole and is slowly pulled out at a constant speed along with the pouring of slurry, the cement mortar is guaranteed to be filled in the soil nail hole 24 and the hole 23, and the soil nail 26 and a metal gasket 25 at the position of the hole 23 are welded firmly after the grouting is finished.

S6: and (3) pouring the liquid planting soil with the plant seeds into the corresponding gabion frame through a preset grouting pipe 16, wherein the liquid planting soil with the plant seeds has certain fluidity when being poured into the gabion and meets the pumping requirement, the airtightness between the geotextile on the side face close to the space of the gabion frame and the gabion frame is checked before pouring, the liquid planting soil is poured into the bottom of the gabion frame at a constant speed and then is filled in gaps among the stones, and pouring is stopped after the planting soil overflows from the upper surface of the stones by 3-5 cm.

And repeating the steps to complete the construction of all the gabion units on the slope, and monitoring the deformation of the slope and the gabion structure and the growth condition of plants. If the deformation of the side slope and the gabion structure occurs, the maintenance treatment is rapidly carried out, and the stress structure is ensured not to be damaged; when the slope body begins to slide and collapse, stones can be piled to the slope angle in an emergency, and the slope is prevented from sliding.

The slope treatment structure provided by the embodiment of the invention simultaneously gives consideration to reinforcement, greening and drainage; the purposes of quickly discharging accumulated water on the surface of the side slope and reducing water seepage in the slope body are achieved by utilizing the geotextile and the transverse drainage path; the combined structure of the gabion, the rock block and the vegetation soil can store moisture and nutrients required by plant growth, provide a good growing environment for the side slope vegetation, ensure the greening effect and realize the purposes of greening the side slope and coordinating natural landscapes; the flexible structure of soil nail 26 and gabion combination can effectively reinforce the side slope, prevents the unstability destruction of side slope, on the premise of providing enough holding power to the slope body, pursues green ecology. The flexible supporting mode can effectively exert the self-supporting capacity of the side slope, the flexible gabion structure can generate certain deformation when the side slope is locally deformed, the deformation is transmitted to other gabions and the soil nails 26 through the connecting pieces 21, the gabions and the soil nails are cooperatively deformed and cooperatively stressed, and finally the soil nails 26 transmit external force to the deep part of the slope body. The organic combination of soil nails 26 with the gabion not only improves the integrity of the gabion, but also greatly improves the slope reinforcing capability of the structure. In addition, the soil nails 26 require less mechanical equipment during construction, the technical requirements are relatively low, and compared with anchor rods, the construction cost is remarkably reduced. The technical problems of poor seepage-proofing capability, poor greening effect, high cost, poor integrity and incapability of cooperatively stressing the structure in the conventional slope supporting technology are solved.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An artificial slope assembly type flexible support ecological comprehensive treatment structure is characterized by comprising a gabion system, a fixed connection system and a drainage system;

the gabion system comprises a plurality of gabion units arranged on the step-shaped slope, each gabion unit comprises four gabion frames which are distributed in a staggered mode in the upper, lower, left and right directions and have the same structure, namely the lower gabion frame (13) is arranged on a first layer of step, the left gabion frame (10) and the right gabion frame (11) are arranged on a second layer of step, the upper gabion frame (12) is arranged on a third layer of step, a middle area defined by the four gabion frames is a gap (22), and a grouting pipe (16) is arranged at the bottom of each gabion frame;

the fixed connection system comprises a connecting piece (21), the connecting piece (21) is arranged in a gap (22), parts of the connecting piece (21) extending in the upper, lower, left and right directions are respectively contacted with an upper gabion frame (12), a lower gabion frame (13), a left gabion frame (10) and a right gabion frame (11) which correspond to the parts, the side slope is connected with the center of the connecting piece (21) through a soil nail (26), and the four gabion frames are connected into a whole;

the drainage system comprises a drainage ditch (2) arranged on the slope side and the slope toe, a catch ditch (1) on the slope top, geotextile (6), side geotextile (14) and a drainage plate (8);

the geotextile (6) covers the horizontal part (3) and the vertical part (4) of the step-shaped slope, the geotextile (6) covering the steps of the upper layer and the lower layer are overlapped at the vertical part (4), a drainage plate (8) is arranged between the two overlapped geotextile (6), and the drainage plate (8) is close to the vertical part (4); the horizontal part (3) is provided with an arc-shaped sunken part (5), and gravels (9) are paved on the arc-shaped sunken part (5) to ensure that the surface of the horizontal part (3) is flat;

the side geotextile (14) is wrapped on the empty side of the gabion frame;

the top of the connecting piece (21) is provided with an L-shaped notch, the bottom of the upper gabion frame (12) is in contact with the L-shaped notch, the bottom of the connecting piece (21) is in contact with the top of the lower gabion frame (13), the top of the lower gabion frame (13) is provided with a baffle with a Z-shaped longitudinal section, the baffle is tightly attached to the front wall surface of the connecting piece (21), the top of the lower gabion frame (13) and the front wall surface of the lower gabion frame (13), and the left side and the right side of the baffle extend outwards to limit displacement of the left gabion frame (10) and the right gabion frame (11) in the direction away from the slope surface;

the grouting pipe (16) is L-shaped, the horizontal part of the grouting pipe (16) is parallel to the frame bottom (15) of the corresponding gabion frame, the vertical part of the grouting pipe (16) extends out of the gabion frame, and a grouting opening (17) is formed in the end part of the grouting pipe (16) extending out of the gabion frame; a plurality of small holes with the aperture of 0.005-0.01m are uniformly distributed on the horizontal part of the grouting pipe (16);

the gabion frame is composed of a rectangular steel bar frame and a gabion net, and a steel bar separation net (19) is arranged inside the gabion frame.

2. The artificial slope assembly type flexible support ecological comprehensive treatment structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein a ribbed plate with a triangular longitudinal section is arranged between the front wall of the baffle close to the connecting piece (21) and the top of the lower gabion frame (13).

3. The artificial slope assembly type flexible support ecological comprehensive treatment structure according to claim 1, wherein block stones are placed in each gabion frame, vegetation soil is distributed in gaps among the block stones, and plants are planted in the vegetation soil.

4. The artificial slope assembly type flexible support ecological comprehensive treatment structure according to claim 1, wherein a hole (23) with the diameter of 0.05m is reserved in the middle upper portion of the connecting piece (21), a hollow cylindrical metal gasket (25) is installed at the inlet of the hole (23), a soil nail hole (24) is formed in a soil body below a gap (22) corresponding to the connecting piece (21), a soil nail (26) penetrates through the hole (23) and extends into the soil nail hole (24), and after grouting, the soil nail (26) and the metal gasket (25) are firmly welded.

5. The structure of claim 4, wherein the depth of the soil nails (26) penetrating into the soil body of the side slope is 6-8m.

6. The construction method of the artificial slope assembly type flexible support ecological comprehensive treatment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: processing impurities on the surface of the side slope, and building a drainage structure at the top, side and foot of the slope;

s2: carry out domatic hierarchical excavation downwards from the top of slope, form step form side slope, the horizontal slope is 1:40;

s3: leveling the step-shaped slope surface;

s4: planning the position of each gabion frame, wherein the left gabion frame (10) or the right gabion frame (11) of each gabion unit is an upper gabion frame (12) or a lower gabion frame (13) of an adjacent gabion unit, and the spacing distance between the left gabion frame (10) and the right gabion frame (11) of each gabion unit is adapted to the width of the part, embedded into the gabion unit, of the connecting piece (21); embedding a grouting pipe (16) at the bottom of the gabion frame, placing stones into one side of the superior gabion frame close to the slope, and after filling of the inferior gabion frame close to the slope is completed, placing stones into one side of the superior gabion frame far from the slope;

s5: after being transported to a construction site, the prefabricated connecting piece (21) is placed in the gap (22), the side slope is connected with the center of the connecting piece (21) through soil nails (26) in a grouting mode, and the corresponding four gabion frames are connected into a whole;

s6: and (3) pouring liquid vegetation soil with plant seeds into the corresponding gabion frame through a preset grouting pipe (16), filling gaps among the stones, and stopping pouring after the vegetation soil overflows from the upper surface of the stones for 3-5 cm.

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