CN111592503B - 一种法莫替丁与苹果酸的共晶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种法莫替丁与苹果酸的共晶及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种法莫替丁与苹果酸的共晶及其制备方法。共晶中法莫替丁与苹果酸的摩尔比为2:1。同时公开了这种共晶的制备方法。本发明提供的法莫替丁‑苹果酸共晶具有特征的熔点、红外光谱及X射线粉末衍射图谱等。该共晶提高了法莫替丁在水中的溶解性,并且未改变法莫替丁在人工胃液、高温、高湿条件下的稳定性,具有提高法莫替丁生物利用度的潜力。本发明所述法莫替丁‑苹果酸共晶的制备方法步骤简单,易于操作,重现性好,具有很大的商业应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学及结晶工艺技术领域,具体涉及一种法莫替丁与苹果酸的共晶及其制备方法。
背景技术
法莫替丁是H2受体拮抗剂药物,于1979年被开发,1981年化合物专利公开,原研商为VALEANT。临床用于胃及十二指肠溃疡、应激性溃疡、急性胃粘膜出血、胃泌素瘤、反流性食道炎以及卓-艾综合征等。法莫替丁化学名为[1-氨基-3-[[[2-[(二氨基亚甲基)氨基]-4-噻唑基]甲基]硫基]亚丙基]硫酰胺,化学结构式如下:
药物的溶解性是生物利用度的关键因素,因此改善药物溶解性是目前制药工业面临的主要挑战。法莫替丁在水中几乎不溶,由于低水溶性、高极性和胃酸中的降解导致其口服生物利用度仅40%~50%。药物共晶作为制药工业中改善药物溶解性重要手段的主要优势是不改变药物的分子结构。因此可以通过制备法莫替丁的共晶提高其水溶性,从而提高生物利用度。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种提高法莫替丁水溶性的法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶。
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种法莫替丁和苹果酸共晶的制备方法。
本发明的目的之三在于提供一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含上述法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶以及药学上可接受的载体。
本发明的目的之四在于提供一种法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶在制备用于治疗消化性溃疡、急性胃黏膜病变、反流性食管炎以及胃泌素瘤的药物中的用途。
本发明所提供的法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶,其结构式如式(Ⅰ)所示:
所述的法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶中,法莫替丁和苹果酸的摩尔比为2:1。
所述的法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶的X射线粉末衍射在衍射角度2θ为12.3°±0.2°、13.5°±0.2°、13.9°±0.2°、14.8°±0.2°、15.4°±0.2°、16.8°±0.2°、17.9°±0.2°、18.7°±0.2°、19.1°±0.2°、20.0°±0.2°、20.4°±0.2°、20.9°±0.2°、21.9°±0.2°、22.3°±0.2°、22.5°±0.2°、23.4°±0.2°、23.7°±0.2°、24.2°±0.2°、24.6°±0.2°、24.8°±0.2°、25.2°±0.2°、25.4°±0.2°、26.4°±0.2°、27.0°±0.2°、27.7°±0.2°、28.6°±0.2°、28.8°±0.2°、30.0°±0.2°、30.7°±0.2°、32.2°±0.2°、34.4°±0.2°、35.1°±0.2°、36.6°±0.2°处具有特征峰。
所述的法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶的差示扫描量热分析谱图在168.3℃±0.2℃处有特征熔融峰。
所述的法莫替丁和苹果酸共晶的制备方法,是将法莫替丁和苹果酸加入溶剂中,通过超声或加热搅拌后挥发析晶得到共晶。
所述的共晶制备方法中,法莫替丁和苹果酸投料的摩尔比为(1~2):1。
所述的共晶制备方法中,法莫替丁和苹果酸质量之和与溶剂的用量比为1~10mg/ml。
所述的共晶制备方法中,溶剂为水、醇类溶剂、酯类溶剂、酮类溶剂、腈类溶剂中的任一种。
所述的药物组合物,包括上述的法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶以及药学上可接受的载体。
所述的法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶在制备用于治疗消化性溃疡(胃、十二指肠溃疡)、急性胃黏膜病变、反流性食管炎以及胃泌素瘤药物中的应用。
本发明所提供的法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶在水中的溶解度比法莫替丁在水中的溶解度提高了2.7倍,因此可以提高其生物利用度,而且所提供的共晶并没有影响法莫替丁的稳定性。
附图说明
图1是法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶的X射线粉末衍射图。
图2是法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶的差示扫描量热分析图。
图3是法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶的热重分析图。
图4是法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶的1H-NMR图。
图5是法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶的13C-NMR图。
图6是法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶的异核单量子关系谱(HSQC)图。
图7是法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶的1H的异核多碳相关谱(HMBC)图。
图8是法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶的红外光谱图。
具体实施方式
本申请发明人通过研究设计并合成了一种新的法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶,该共晶明显提高了法莫替丁在水中的溶解度,且没有改变法莫替丁的稳定性。而且该共晶的制备方法简便易行,重现性好。
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明做进一步阐述,但不限制本发明。
实施例1:共晶的制备
称取0.3g法莫替丁加入100ml甲醇中超声(功率200W)30分钟,加入0.1g苹果酸继续超声1小时,室温放置析出白色沉淀,抽滤干燥即得法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶。
实施例2:
称取0.3g法莫替丁加入100ml甲醇中加热(50-70℃)搅拌30分钟,加入0.1g苹果酸继续加热搅拌1小时,室温放置析出白色沉淀,抽滤干燥即得法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶。
实施例3:
称取0.1g法莫替丁加入100ml乙腈中超声30分钟,加入0.04g苹果酸继续超声1小时,室温放置析出白色沉淀,抽滤干燥即得法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶。
实施例4:
称取0.1g法莫替丁加入100ml乙腈中加热搅拌30分钟,加入0.04g苹果酸继续加热搅拌1小时,室温放置析出白色沉淀,抽滤干燥即得法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶。
实施例5:对本发明实施例1所记载的方法制备的共晶进行检测。
X射线粉末衍射所用仪器为Bruker D8 Focus X射线粉末衍射仪,检测条件:以Cu-Kα为光源,光管电压和光管电流分别为40kV和40mA,发射狭缝、散射狭缝和接受狭缝分别为:1°、1°、0.15mm,在衍射角(2θ)为10°至40°的范围内扫描,扫描速度2°/min。结果如图1和表1所示,法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶的X射线粉末衍射在衍射角度2θ为12.3°±0.2°、13.5°±0.2°、13.9°±0.2°、14.8°±0.2°、15.4°±0.2°、16.8°±0.2°、17.9°±0.2°、18.7°±0.2°、19.1°±0.2°、20.0°±0.2°、20.4°±0.2°、20.9°±0.2°、21.9°±0.2°、22.3°±0.2°、22.5°±0.2°、23.4°±0.2°、23.7°±0.2°、24.2°±0.2°、24.6°±0.2°、24.8°±0.2°、25.2°±0.2°、25.4°±0.2°、26.4°±0.2°、27.0°±0.2°、27.7°±0.2°、28.6°±0.2°、28.8°±0.2°、30.0°±0.2°、30.7°±0.2°、32.2°±0.2°、34.4°±0.2°、35.1°±0.2°、36.6°±0.2°处具有特征峰。
表1:法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶X射线粉末衍射数据表
差示扫描量热数据采用美国珀金埃尔默仪器有限公司的DSC6000差示扫描量热仪进行检测。检测条件:氮气氛围(50mL·min-1),升温速度:20℃/min。数据用Pyris Manager软件处理。结果如图2所示,共晶熔点为168.3℃。
热重分析数据采用美国珀金埃尔默仪器有限公司的TGA4000热重分析仪进行检测。检测条件:氮气氛围(50mL·min-1),升温速度:10℃/min。数据用Pyris Manager软件处理。结果如图3所示,共晶在熔融前无失重峰,说明共晶是纯的化合物不含溶剂。
核磁的氢谱、碳谱、HMBC、HMQC谱图采用美国安捷伦公司的DD2-500MHz核磁共振波谱仪进行检测。四甲基硅烷为内标,化学位移记录δ值,分别称取20mg样品溶于0.4ml氘代DMSO中。结果如图4-图7所示,通过HSQC和HMBC谱确定氢谱4.15ppm是苹果酸的H-2信号,67.0ppm是苹果酸的C-2信号,H-2(δ4.15ppm)与C-1(δ175.6ppm),C-3(δ40.0ppm),C-4(δ172.2ppm)具有HMBC相关信号,所以确定175.6ppm是C-1信号,40.0ppm是C-3信号,172.2ppm是C-4信号,因此确定有苹果酸。HMBC谱中H-7(δ6.58ppm)与C-8(δ147.8ppm),C-10(δ31.1ppm)具有HMBC相关信号,H-10(δ3.62ppm)与C-12(δ27.9ppm),C-7(δ105.3ppm),C-8(δ147.8ppm)有HMBC相关信号,H-12(δ2.68ppm)与C-10(δ31.1ppm),C-13(δ36.2ppm),C-14(δ164.8ppm)有HMBC相关信号,H-13(δ2.45ppm)与C-12(δ27.9ppm),C-14(δ164.8ppm)有HMBC相关信号,因此确定有法莫替丁。氢谱3.62ppm是法莫替丁的H-10信号,积分2.0,31.1ppm是法莫替丁的C-10信号,苹果酸的H-2信号4.15ppm积分0.47,所以计算共晶中法莫替丁,苹果酸的化学计量比是法莫替丁:苹果酸为2:1。
红外光谱分析采用美国珀金埃尔默仪器有限公司的Spectrum65傅里叶红外光谱仪,扫描范围为4000cm-1~400cm-1,扫描次数:4次,分辨率4cm-1。结果如图8所示,法莫替丁上的-NH2基团在3505,3399cm-1出现νas N-H峰,3376和3236cm-1出现νs N-H的吸收峰,与苹果酸形成共晶后红移至3390,3333,3250,3118cm-1;苹果酸的νC=O峰1716cm-1红移至1702cm-1,νO-H峰从2963cm-1蓝移至2917cm-1;推测法莫替丁的-NH2基团,丁二酸的-C=O和-OH基团参与了共晶氢键的形成。
用溶出仪测定法莫替丁、共晶在水中的溶解度。结果:法莫替丁在8h达到最高浓度0.96mg·mL-1,法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶中法莫替丁浓度在12h达到最高浓度2.55mg·mL-1,比法莫替丁在水中的溶解度提高2.7倍。
稳定性实验在60℃和25℃,相对湿度(RH)92.5%条件下放置后测定。结果:高温稳定性实验中10天,与初始含量相比,法莫替丁含量下降1.6%,法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶中法莫替丁含量下降0.5%。吸湿性实验中92.5%RH条件下,10天法莫替丁吸湿增重0.008%,含量下降2.2%;法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶吸湿增重0.011%,法莫替丁含量下降2.1%。
对本发明实施例2-4所记载的方法制备的共晶进行检测,其性质与实施例1制备的共晶类似;结果表明本发明方法所制备的共晶具有理化性质的一致性。
本发明所提供的法莫替丁-苹果酸共晶可用来制备用于治疗消化性溃疡(胃、十二指肠溃疡)、急性胃黏膜病变、反流性食管炎以及胃泌素瘤的药物。
Claims (5)
1.一种法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶,其特征在于,所述的共晶的结构式如下:
所述的共晶中,法莫替丁和苹果酸的摩尔比为2:1;
所述的共晶的X射线粉末衍射在衍射角度2θ为12.3°±0.2°、13.5°±0.2°、13.9°±0.2°、14.8°±0.2°、15.4°±0.2°、16.8°±0.2°、17.9°±0.2°、18.7°±0.2°、19.1°±0.2°、20.0°±0.2°、20.4°±0.2°、20.9°±0.2°、21.9°±0.2°、22.3°±0.2°、22.5°±0.2°、23.4°±0.2°、23.7°±0.2°、24.2°±0.2°、24.6°±0.2°、24.8°±0.2°、25.2°±0.2°、25.4°±0.2°、26.4°±0.2°、27.0°±0.2°、27.7°±0.2°、28.6°±0.2°、28.8°±0.2°、30.0°±0.2°、30.7°±0.2°、32.2°±0.2°、34.4°±0.2°、35.1°±0.2°、36.6°±0.2°处具有特征峰;
所述的共晶的差示扫描量热分析谱图在168.3℃±0.2℃处有特征熔融峰;
所述的共晶的制备方法,是将法莫替丁和苹果酸加入溶剂中,通过超声或加热搅拌后挥发析晶得到共晶。
2.如权利要求1所述的法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶,其特征在于,所述的法莫替丁和苹果酸质量之和与溶剂的用量比为1~10mg/ml。
3.如权利要求1所述的法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶,其特征在于,所述的溶剂为水、醇类溶剂、酯类溶剂、酮类溶剂、腈类溶剂中的任一种。
4.权利要求1所述的共晶在制备用于治疗消化性溃疡、急性胃黏膜病变、反流性食管炎或胃泌素瘤的药物中的应用。
5.一种药物组合物,其特征在于,所述的药物组合物包含有权利要求1所述的法莫替丁和苹果酸的共晶以及药学上可接受的载体。
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