CN111567532A - Rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111567532A
CN111567532A CN202010542340.2A CN202010542340A CN111567532A CN 111567532 A CN111567532 A CN 111567532A CN 202010542340 A CN202010542340 A CN 202010542340A CN 111567532 A CN111567532 A CN 111567532A
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rice
temperature
parts
anhydrous
yield
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王伟中
顾大路
杨文飞
杜小凤
钱新民
吴雪芬
罗玉明
刘京宝
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JIANGSU XUHUAI DISTRICT HUAIYIN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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JIANGSU XUHUAI DISTRICT HUAIYIN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Publication of CN111567532A publication Critical patent/CN111567532A/en
Priority to PH12020050414A priority patent/PH12020050414A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
    • A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • A01N33/12—Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
    • A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity

Abstract

The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice, a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of rice planting, wherein the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice comprises an independent liquid preparation and an independent powder preparation; the liquid preparation takes absolute ethyl alcohol and water as solvents and comprises proline, mepiquat chloride, choline chloride, salicylic acid, betaine, gibberellin, sodium glutamate and brassin; the powder comprises the following components: dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, zinc gluconate, vitamin C, BHT, abscisic acid, anhydrous zinc sulfate, anhydrous ferric sulfate, anhydrous manganese sulfate, anhydrous molybdenum sulfate and anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner can obviously prevent or reduce yield reduction caused by high temperature; when high temperature does not occur, the method has extremely remarkable yield increasing effect; the liquid preparation and the powder are combined in a matching way, so that the efficiency of the conditioner product can be exerted more fully, the application effect is more obvious and stable, and the effective period is long.

Description

Rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rice planting, and particularly relates to a high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Rice is one of the main grain crops in China and plays a very important role in national economy. In recent years, along with the frequent occurrence of adverse climates such as high and low temperature, short illumination and the like in the rice production process all over the country, huge loss is brought to the rice production. The rice yield is related to food safety, breeding industry development and national civilian life in China and even the world. Therefore, it is very important and urgent to improve the high temperature resistance and the maturing ability of rice and reduce the influence of natural disasters on the growth and development of rice and the yield and quality of rice.
During the growth and development of rice, various natural disasters are often encountered, particularly, in recent years, under the condition that severe weather (such as high temperature, cold damage and the like) becomes normal, the influence on the growth and development and the yield of rice is most obvious, and the influence on the growth and development and the yield and quality of rice in the middle and later stages is greatly influenced by high temperature. The high temperature hazard in the middle and later periods of rice generally means that the rice in the booting period can cause incomplete development of rice floral organs and abortive development of pollen to generate empty shells if the rice meets the continuous high temperature of more than 35 ℃; the rice heading and flowering period is damaged by high temperature, which affects the cracking of rice anther and the elongation of pollen tube to cause sterility of flowers, increases blighted grains, causes the rice to be unable to bear normally to cause serious yield reduction and causes the disasters that the quality is obviously reduced and the rice cannot be recovered.
At present, the common prevention measures for the middle and later period high temperature damage of rice at home and abroad mainly adopt the measures of heat-resistant variety, high temperature avoidance during time selection and seeding, fertilizer and water management and regulation and control and the like. But the heat-resistant varieties are less in production selection and the yield is lower, so that the practical application in production is less; the measures for avoiding high temperature during the selected sowing are influenced by the crop rotation, so that the regulation and control scope is small; and the appearance of high-temperature hazards is often sudden; once high temperature hazard is generated, the intervention is basically ineffective by using conventional cultivation management measures. Therefore, the general cultivation measures have poor rescuing effect on the rice damaged by high temperature in the middle and later periods, and the aims of disaster prevention and reduction are not achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a rice high temperature resistant yield-increasing conditioner, and a preparation method and application thereof; the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice can obviously prevent or reduce the yield reduction caused by the reduction of the maturing rate and the thousand seed weight of the rice caused by high temperature; when high temperature does not occur, the method has extremely remarkable yield increasing effect, and really achieves the organic combination of disaster prevention, yield protection, loss reduction, yield increase, quality improvement and efficiency increase when high temperature disasters occur.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice, which comprises a liquid preparation and a powder preparation which are independent; the liquid preparation takes absolute ethyl alcohol and water as solvents and comprises the following components in concentration: 50-250 g/L proline, 21.5-53.75 g/L mepiquat chloride, 46.875-187.5 g/L choline chloride, 1.2-12 g/L salicylic acid, 12-120 g/L betaine, 11.25-33.75 g/L gibberellin, 56.25-112.5 g/L sodium glutamate and 50-1000 mg/L brassin;
the powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4.9-9.8 parts of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, 4.8-18.6 parts of zinc gluconate, 0.96-4.8 parts of vitamin C, 0.96-4.8 parts of BHT, 0.8-4 parts of abscisic acid, 9.6-19.2 parts of anhydrous zinc sulfate, 4.8-9.6 parts of anhydrous ferric sulfate, 4.8-9.6 parts of anhydrous manganese sulfate, 0.96-4.8 parts of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate and 0-47.5 parts of anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, the liquid preparation takes absolute ethyl alcohol and water as solvents and comprises the following components in concentration: 100-200 g/L proline, 30-40 g/L mepiquat chloride, 100-150 g/L choline chloride, 5-10 g/L salicylic acid, 50-100 g/L betaine, 20-30 g/L gibberellin, 60-80 g/L sodium glutamate and 400-600 mg/L brassin;
the powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, 8-15 parts of zinc gluconate, 2-3 parts of vitamin C, 2-3 parts of BHT, 2-3 parts of abscisic acid, 12-16 parts of anhydrous zinc sulfate, 6-8 parts of anhydrous ferric sulfate, 6-8 parts of anhydrous manganese sulfate, 2-3 parts of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate and 5.0-40.0 parts of anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
the preparation of the liquid preparation comprises the following steps:
1) respectively dissolving proline and mepiquat chloride by water to obtain a proline aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.8-1.2 g/mL and a mepiquat chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.8-1.2 g/mL;
2) dissolving sodium glutamate in the proline aqueous solution to obtain sodium glutamate-proline aqueous solution;
3) mixing and dissolving brassin and the mepiquat chloride aqueous solution to obtain a brassin-mepiquat chloride aqueous solution;
4) dissolving gibberellin with absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a gibberellin ethanol solution with the concentration of 0.15-0.25 g/mL;
5) mixing salicylic acid with the gibberellin ethanol solution, and dissolving at 45-55 ℃ to obtain a salicylic acid-gibberellin ethanol solution;
6) mixing the salicylic acid-gibberellin ethanol solution with the sodium glutamate-proline solution to obtain a mixed solution A;
7) dissolving betaine in choline chloride to obtain a betaine-choline chloride solution, and mixing the betaine-choline chloride solution and a brassin-mepiquat chloride aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution B;
8) after mixing the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B, adjusting the pH value to 2.5-4.5, and then fixing the volume with water to obtain a liquid preparation;
no time sequence is defined between the steps 2), 3) and 4);
the preparation of the powder comprises the following steps:
s1) mixing the vitamin C and BHT to obtain a first mixture;
s2) dissolving abscisic acid by absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain 0.4-0.6 g/mL abscisic acid solution;
s3) mixing dipotassium glycyrrhizinate with zinc gluconate to obtain a second mixture;
s4) mixing the second mixture with 40-60% of the total amount of the first mixture to obtain a third mixture;
s5) mixing the abscisic acid solution with the rest first mixture through high-pressure spraying to obtain a fourth mixture;
s6) mixing the third mixed material with the fourth mixed material to obtain a fifth mixed material;
s7) sequentially mixing anhydrous molybdenum sulfate, anhydrous manganese sulfate, anhydrous ferric sulfate and anhydrous zinc sulfate to obtain a sixth mixture;
s8) mixing the fifth mixture and the sixth mixture, and adding anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain powder;
steps S1), S2), S3), and S7).
Preferably, the reagent used to adjust the pH in step 8) is pure acetic acid.
Preferably, the pH value is adjusted to 3.3-3.7 in the step 8).
The invention also provides the application of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner in improving the high-temperature resistance of rice.
The invention provides application of the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice in improving the maturing rate of rice.
The invention provides an application of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner in increasing the rice yield.
Preferably, the liquid preparation and the powder in the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner are mixed according to the proportion of (0.8-1.2) ml to (0.8-1.2) g, diluted by 80-120 times with water and sprayed on rice; the spraying time is 3-5 days before the rice booting period or high-temperature hazard occurs.
Preferably, the spraying amount of the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice is 75-85 mL/mu calculated by a liquid preparation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner provided by the invention can enhance the adaptability and resistance of rice plants to high-temperature stress by exciting the activity of enzymes in rice bodies, increase the activity of rice root systems, improve transpiration heat dissipation efficiency, and obviously enhance the high-temperature resistance of rice pollen, thereby improving the maturing rate, promoting the photosynthesis of rice, accelerating the conversion and accumulation of photosynthetic substances, and improving the rice quality. The high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice can obviously prevent or reduce the yield reduction caused by the reduction of the maturing rate and the thousand seed weight of the rice caused by high temperature; when high temperature does not occur, the method has extremely remarkable yield increasing effect, and really achieves the organic combination of disaster prevention, yield protection, loss reduction, yield increase, quality improvement and efficiency increase when high temperature disasters occur. The invention adopts the form of matching combination of liquid preparation and powder, can fully exert the efficiency of the conditioner product, has more obvious and stable application effect, improves the storage period stability of the conditioner product and prolongs the effective period of the conditioner product.
According to the records of the embodiments, under the condition that the rice is subjected to high-temperature hazards in the middle and later periods, compared with a control (spraying clear water), the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner provided by the invention can averagely increase the flow of the root system of the rice by 66.88% (the average of indica rice is 68.88%, and the average of japonica rice is 64.60%), increase the chlorophyll of the leaf of the rice by 14.61% (the average of indica rice is 16.03%, and the average of japonica rice is 13.18%), averagely increase the SOD activity by 20.79%, greatly differ the indica rice from japonica rice (the average of indica rice is 13.63%, and the average of japonica rice is 27.96%), decrease the MDA content by 27.80% (the average of indica rice is decreased by 29.03%, and the average of japonica rice is decreased by 26.57%) compared with the control 2 (spraying clear water under high-temperature treatment), and the above physiological and biochemical indexes show that the rice high-; after the conditioner is used, the thousand-grain weight of the rice is increased by 2.46 percent; the rice setting rate is increased by 14.16% on average, and the difference between indica rice and japonica rice is large (the average increase of indica rice is 19.24%, and the average increase of japonica rice is 9.07%); the average grain number of each ear of rice is increased by 14.28 percent, and the difference between indica rice and japonica rice is large (the average increase of indica rice is 19.3 percent, and the average increase of japonica rice is 9.26 percent); the average yield is increased by 33.93 percent, and the difference between indica rice and japonica rice is large (the average yield of indica rice is increased by 45.91 percent, and the average yield of japonica rice is increased by 21.95 percent). The conditioner disclosed by the invention has the effect of remarkably reducing the yield loss of rice caused by high-temperature damage on the rice yield, and has a more prominent effect on indica rice. Compared with the control 1 (spraying clear water), the conditioner has obvious positive effect after being applied under the condition of no high-temperature weather hazard, but the indica rice and japonica rice have no great difference: the wound flow of the rice root system can be averagely increased by more than 50 percent, the chlorophyll of the rice leaf can be averagely increased by 15 percent, the SOD can be increased by 17.56 percent, and the MDA content is reduced by 30 percent compared with the control (sprayed with clear water); the thousand grain weight of the rice is improved by 2.1 percent, the maturing rate of the rice is increased by 1.35 percent, the grain number of each ear of the rice is increased by 1.5 percent, and the average yield is increased by more than 5 percent. The conditioner provided by the invention has very obvious high temperature resistance harm when being applied to indica rice varieties (such as II you 128) and japonica rice varieties (such as Nanjing 9108), achieves the effects of stabilizing yield and increasing yield, has more obvious use effect on indica rice varieties, and has obvious economic benefits.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice, which comprises a liquid preparation and a powder preparation which are independent; the liquid preparation takes absolute ethyl alcohol and water as solvents and comprises the following components in concentration: 50-250 g/L proline, 21.5-53.75 g/L mepiquat chloride, 46.875-187.5 g/L choline chloride, 1.2-12 g/L salicylic acid, 12-120 g/L betaine, 11.25-33.75 g/L gibberellin, 56.25-112.5 g/L sodium glutamate and 50-1000 mg/L brassin; the powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4.9-9.8 parts of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, 4.8-18.6 parts of zinc gluconate, 0.96-4.8 parts of vitamin C, 0.96-4.8 parts of BHT, 0.8-4 parts of abscisic acid, 9.6-19.2 parts of anhydrous zinc sulfate, 4.8-9.6 parts of anhydrous ferric sulfate, 4.8-9.6 parts of anhydrous manganese sulfate, 0.96-4.8 parts of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate and 0-47.5 parts of anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
In the present invention, the liquid formulation uses absolute ethanol and water as solvents, and preferably comprises the following components in concentration: 100-200 g/L proline, 30-40 g/L mepiquat chloride, 100-150 g/L choline chloride, 5-10 g/L salicylic acid, 50-100 g/L betaine, 20-30 g/L gibberellin, 60-80 g/L sodium glutamate and 400-600 mg/L brassin;
the powder preferably comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, 8-15 parts of zinc gluconate, 2-3 parts of vitamin C, 2-3 parts of BHT, 2-3 parts of abscisic acid, 12-16 parts of anhydrous zinc sulfate, 6-8 parts of anhydrous ferric sulfate, 6-8 parts of anhydrous manganese sulfate, 2-3 parts of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate and 5.0-40.0 parts of anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The sources of proline, mepiquat chloride, choline chloride, salicylic acid, betaine, gibberellin, sodium glutamate and brassin in the liquid preparation are not particularly limited, and conventional commercial products in the field can be adopted. The purity of the components sold in the market is not specially limited, and the requirements of conventional products sold in the market are met; the concentrations and parts by weight mentioned above are obtained in the invention calculated as pure substances. In the practice of the present invention, purities of the following component products are preferably purchased as follows: 96% of proline, 86% of mepiquat chloride, 96% of salicylic acid, 96% of betaine, 90% of gibberellin, 90% of sodium glutamate and 80% of brassin; the choline chloride is liquid, and the volume fraction of the choline chloride is preferably 75%.
In the present invention, the solvent of the liquid formulation is absolute ethanol and water; in the present invention, the anhydrous ethanol is preferably analytically pure, and the anhydrous ethanol is used for dissolving gibberellin, and 5mL of anhydrous ethanol is used for dissolving every 1g of gibberellin; the water is purified water or tap water subjected to boiling and filtering treatment, and the boiling time is preferably 4-6 min, and more preferably 5 min; the water is used for dissolving the rest components and fixing the volume.
The sources of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, zinc gluconate, vitamin C, BHT, abscisic acid, anhydrous zinc sulfate, anhydrous ferric sulfate, anhydrous manganese sulfate and anhydrous molybdenum sulfate in the powder are not particularly limited, and the powder can be prepared from conventional commercial products in the field. The purity of the components sold in the market is not specially limited, and the requirements of conventional products sold in the market are met; the concentrations and parts by weight mentioned above are obtained in the invention calculated as pure substances. In the practice of the present invention, purities of the following component products are preferably purchased as follows: 98% of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, 96% of zinc gluconate, 96% of vitamin C, 96% of BHT, 80% of abscisic acid, 96% of anhydrous zinc sulfate, 96% of anhydrous ferric sulfate, 96% of anhydrous manganese sulfate and 96% of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate.
In the invention, the anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate is used as a filler, can improve the high-temperature resistance effect of rice, is a good foliar spray fertilizer in the later stage of the rice and can enhance the stress resistance of the rice.
In the invention, the dipotassium glycyrrhizinate can promote the stability of a cell membrane structure and improve the high temperature resistance and stress resistance of rice; the vitamin C actively participates in cell repair of the rice in high-temperature damage, and simultaneously can stimulate the activity of a secondary biomass metabolic system of the rice to timely supplement the loss of physiologically active substances (such as vitamins) in the rice body caused by high temperature, and efficiently remove free radicals generated in the rice body due to high temperature, so that the repair of the high-temperature damage is accelerated; the mepiquat chloride can regulate and control the plant type of rice, improve the canopy structure of a rice population, facilitate air circulation to accelerate heat dissipation and cooling, increase the root quantity and activity of the rice, improve transpiration efficiency and stabilize the temperature of rice organ tissues; the choline chloride can increase the content of chlorophyll in functional leaves, enhance the photosynthesis of rice and the conversion capacity of photosynthetic products, ensure the supply of organic substances required by the grouting of rice grains at high temperature, and increase the setting percentage, the thousand kernel weight and the yield of the rice.
The anhydrous zinc sulfate, the anhydrous molybdenum sulfate, the anhydrous ferric sulfate and the anhydrous manganese sulfate can provide trace element nutrients required by rice growth, promote enzyme activity, meet the growth and development requirements of rice in the middle and later periods (particularly under high-temperature drought), improve the quality of rice plants, improve the stress resistance, improve the maturing rate and improve the rice quality.
The betaine, the salicylic acid, the abscisic acid, the gibberellin, the brassin and the like in the invention are plant hormone substances; the combined application of the components can promote the rice to synthesize more heat shock proteins in vivo, and can play a role in jointly inducing resistance to excite the rice to obtain high-temperature resistance, improving the tolerance of rice pollen to high temperature in the environment, stimulating the activity of enzymes in plants, catalyzing cells to accelerate the absorption of water and nutrients, regulating photosynthesis and transpiration, promoting new roots to increase the development of roots and improving the activity.
BHT in the invention is an antioxidant, and after the conditioner is sprayed on rice leaves, the photodecomposition of substances such as vitamin C and abscisic acid before the substances are absorbed by the rice leaves and enter the body can be reduced, and the utilization effect of the conditioner is improved; meanwhile, BHT becomes a high-efficiency antioxidant after being absorbed by rice leaves, and free radicals generated by high temperature in the rice body are efficiently removed, so that the damage of the high temperature to the rice is reduced.
The proline and the sodium glutamate in the invention are important cell osmotic adjusting substances under the high-temperature stress of rice, improve the adaptation of the rice to the high-temperature stress and reduce the decomposition of soluble protein caused by high temperature.
The bioavailability of the zinc gluconate is higher and is about 1.6 times of that of zinc sulfate, and the zinc participates in the synthesis and activation of various zinc-containing enzymes and zinc-dependent enzymes, plays an important physiological function on protein synthesis and nucleic acid synthesis, and can promote the growth and development of rice. When the zinc gluconate is stressed by high temperature of rice, the level of free radicals in cells is kept by increasing superoxide dismutase (the free radicals are increased after the high temperature stress of the rice and damage cell membranes), the action of removing redundant free radicals is realized, and the resistance of the rice to the high temperature stress is improved.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner, which comprises the preparation of a liquid preparation and the preparation of powder, wherein the preparation of the liquid preparation comprises the following steps: 1) respectively dissolving proline and mepiquat chloride by water to obtain a proline aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.8-1.2 g/mL and a mepiquat chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.8-1.2 g/mL; 2) dissolving sodium glutamate in the proline aqueous solution to obtain sodium glutamate-proline aqueous solution; 3) mixing and dissolving brassin and the mepiquat chloride aqueous solution to obtain a brassin-mepiquat chloride aqueous solution; 4) dissolving gibberellin with absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a gibberellin ethanol solution with the concentration of 0.15-0.25 g/mL; 5) mixing salicylic acid with the gibberellin ethanol solution, and dissolving at 45-55 ℃ to obtain a salicylic acid-gibberellin ethanol solution; 6) mixing the salicylic acid-gibberellin ethanol solution with the sodium glutamate-proline solution to obtain a mixed solution A; 7) dissolving betaine in choline chloride to obtain a betaine-choline chloride solution, and mixing the betaine-choline chloride solution and a brassin-mepiquat chloride aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution B; 8) and mixing the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B, adjusting the pH value to 2.5-4.5, and fixing the volume with water to obtain a liquid preparation.
In the present invention, the reagent used to adjust the pH is preferably pure acetic acid; the pH value is preferably adjusted to 3.3-3.7, and more preferably 3.5. In the present invention, in the above dissolving or mixing process, stirring is preferably accompanied, and the stirring method in the present invention is not particularly limited, and a stirring method conventional in the art may be employed, and the stirring time is preferably a time for achieving complete dissolution. In the present invention, the method preferably further comprises a step of adding water before the dissolving in the step 5), wherein the volume of the added water is preferably 35% to 45%, and more preferably 40% of the volume of the gibberellin ethanol solution; the temperature for dissolving is preferably 50 ℃; the method preferably further comprises a cooling step after the dissolution, and the cooling step is not particularly limited in the invention, and the solution is naturally cooled to room temperature.
In the present invention, the preparation method of the powder includes the steps of: s1) mixing the vitamin C and BHT to obtain a first mixture; s2) dissolving abscisic acid by absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain 0.4-0.6 g/mL abscisic acid solution; s3) mixing dipotassium glycyrrhizinate with zinc gluconate to obtain a second mixture; s4) mixing the second mixture with 40-60% of the total amount of the first mixture to obtain a third mixture; s5) mixing the abscisic acid solution with the rest first mixture through high-pressure spraying to obtain a fourth mixture; s6) mixing the third mixed material with the fourth mixed material to obtain a fifth mixed material; s7) sequentially mixing anhydrous molybdenum sulfate, anhydrous manganese sulfate, anhydrous ferric sulfate and anhydrous zinc sulfate to obtain a sixth mixture; s8) mixing the fifth mixture and the sixth mixture, and adding anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain powder.
In the present invention, mixing in the above-mentioned production method is preferably accompanied by stirring, and the stirring method in the present invention is not particularly limited, and a stirring method which is conventional in the art may be employed. In the present invention, it is preferable to mix 50% of the total amount of the first mixed material with the second mixed material to obtain a third mixed material. In the invention, the abscisic acid solution is preferably sprayed onto the remaining first mixture by a high-pressure sprayer, the remaining first mixture is preferably stirred in the spraying process, so that the abscisic acid solution is fully and uniformly dispersed and mixed in the first mixture, and after the spraying is finished, the abscisic acid solution is preferably spread out in a dark place for drying, so that the solvent ethanol is volatilized, and then the abscisic acid solution is preferably stirred and uniformly mixed again; ventilation is preferably maintained during the above operations.
The invention also provides application of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner in improving the high-temperature-resistant performance of rice, increasing the maturing rate of rice and increasing the yield of rice.
In the invention, the application is preferably to spray the rice after mixing the liquid preparation and the powder in the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner in a proportion of (0.8-1.2) ml to (0.8-1.2) g and diluting by 80-120 times with water. In the present invention, the ratio of the liquid preparation to the powder preparation is preferably 1mL to 1g, and the dilution with water is preferably 100 times. In the invention, the time for spraying the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for the rice is preferably 3-5 days before the rice booting period or high-temperature hazard occurs, and more preferably 4 days before the high-temperature hazard occurs. In the invention, the spraying amount of the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice is preferably 75-85 mL/mu, more preferably 78-82 mL/mu and most preferably 80 mL/mu based on the liquid preparation. In the invention, the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice is preferably used on site; if the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice is sprayed in heavy rain within 2 hours, the spraying amount is preferably reduced by half in order to ensure the optimal effect of re-spraying.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The conditioner for remarkably improving the high-temperature resistance of the rice is prepared according to the following steps
1. The formula proportion of the agent A (liquid preparation) is as follows:
the following components are respectively taken according to parts by weight: 9g of proline with the mass concentration of 96%, 2g of mepiquat chloride with the mass concentration of 86%, 15g of choline chloride with the mass concentration of 75%, 0.1g of salicylic acid with the mass concentration of 96%, 8g of betaine with the mass concentration of 96%, 1g of gibberellin with the mass concentration of 90%, 9g of sodium glutamate with the mass concentration of 90% and 0.005g of brassin with the mass concentration of 80%. Wherein the solvent is anhydrous alcohol (analytically pure) and treated tap water (obtained by boiling civil tap water for 5min, cooling to room temperature, and filtering to remove impurities).
2. Preparation method of agent A (liquid preparation):
(1) dissolving proline with the mass concentration of 96% with water, wherein the dissolving proportion is 5g, and the proline with the mass concentration of 96% is dissolved with 5mL of water;
(2) dissolving 90% sodium glutamate by mass into the solution (1);
(3) dissolving gibberellin with the mass concentration of 90% by using ethanol, dissolving gibberellin with the mass concentration of 90% by using 5mL of ethanol according to the dissolving proportion of 1g, and fully stirring for dissolving;
(4) dissolving salicylic acid with the mass concentration of 96% into the solution (3), adding 2mL of water, heating to 50 ℃, fully stirring to dissolve the salicylic acid, and cooling to room temperature;
(5) adding the solution obtained in the step (4) into the solution obtained in the step (2), and fully and uniformly stirring;
(6) dissolving mepiquat chloride with the mass concentration of 86% in water, wherein the dissolving proportion is 2g and the mass of the mepiquat chloride is fully dissolved in 2mL of water;
(7) dissolving Brassin (BR) with the mass concentration of 80% into the solution obtained in the step (6), and fully and uniformly stirring;
(8) dissolving 96% of betaine with mass concentration into 75% of choline chloride solution with mass concentration, and fully and uniformly stirring;
(9) combining the two solutions obtained in the steps (7) and (8), and fully and uniformly stirring;
(10) combining the two solutions obtained in the steps (5) and (9), introducing the solution while fully and uniformly stirring the solution, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to be 3.5 by using analytically pure acetic acid;
(11) adding tap water into the mixed solution in the step (10) to reach a constant volume of 80 mL.
3. The formula proportion of the agent B (powder) is as follows:
respectively crushing raw materials of the agent B (powder) and sieving the raw materials with a 150-mesh sieve, and respectively taking the following components in parts by weight: every 80g of powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10g of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate with the mass content of 98%, 13g of zinc gluconate with the mass content of 96%, 2g of vitamin C with the mass content of 96%, 2g of BHT with the mass content of 96%, 2g of abscisic acid with the mass concentration of 80%, 10g of anhydrous zinc sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 10g of anhydrous ferric sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 8g of anhydrous manganese sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 5g of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate with the mass content of 96%, absolute ethyl alcohol (analytically pure) as a solvent, and anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate as a filling agent.
4. The preparation method of the agent B (powder) comprises the following steps:
(1) fully stirring and uniformly mixing a vitamin C raw material with the mass content of 96% and a BHT raw material with the mass content of 96%;
(2) ABA with the mass content of 80% is dissolved by 5ml of ethanol;
(3) fully stirring and uniformly mixing 98% by mass of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate and 96% by mass of zinc gluconate;
(4) 1/2 of the mixture obtained in the step (3) and the mixture obtained in the step (1) are combined, fully stirred and uniformly mixed;
(5) and (3) putting the solution obtained in the step (2) into a high-pressure sprayer to form fine mist, uniformly spraying the fine mist into the excess 1/2 raw material obtained in the step (3), stirring while spraying to fully and uniformly disperse and mix the solution obtained in the step (2) in the raw material, spreading out in the dark, drying in the air (to volatilize the solvent ethanol), and uniformly stirring and mixing again. During the operation, the ventilation and the safety must be taken care.
(6) Fully stirring and uniformly mixing the mixture (4) and the mixture (5);
(7) mixing anhydrous molybdenum sulfate with the mass content of 96% and anhydrous manganese sulfate with the mass content of 96% and fully stirring and uniformly mixing;
(8) mixing the mixture obtained in the step (7) with anhydrous ferric sulfate with the mass content of 96%, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing;
(9) mixing the mixture obtained in the step (8) with anhydrous zinc sulfate with the mass content of 96%, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing;
(10) mixing the mixture obtained in the step (9) and the mixture obtained in the step (6), and fully stirring and uniformly mixing;
(11) and (3) adding anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate serving as a filling agent into the mixture obtained in the step (10), weighing to 80g, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing.
5. Method of implementation
(1) Test treatments and materials methods:
experiments are carried out in a contracted field of Wulan field of David Fanghuo province in Ju Zhen Xuezui of the county of Lishui province in 2019, soil fertility is on the upper side, wheat is used as the previous crop, the experiments are designed to be carried out by spraying the conditioner prepared in the embodiment under the condition of ① high-temperature treatment and spraying clear water as a control 2(CK2), the high-temperature treatment method comprises the steps of spraying the conditioner prepared in the embodiment 5 days after the conditioner is sprayed in the later stage of rice booting (before breaking the head), raising the temperature in a plastic film shed to ensure that the temperature in the shed is above 34 ℃ in the daytime, ventilating and cooling when the temperature is higher than or equal to 37 ℃, naturally cooling at night, continuously treating until the rice enters a filling stage, spraying the conditioner prepared in the embodiment under the condition of ② natural conventional temperature, spraying the clear water as a control 1(CK1), ③ test paddy varieties of Nanjing 9108 (japonica rice) and II (indica rice), sowing the paddy rice varieties of Nanjing 9108 (japonica rice) and 35 cm, 6 cm, 35 cm and 35 cm/3.3 cm.0 ten thousand holes with 8 ten thousand seedlings per mu, strictly controlling the spike forming number of each processing cell in order to ensure the consistency of the size of each processing population, controlling the spike forming number of an indica rice variety (II you 128) at 19 ten thousand spikes per mu, controlling the spike forming number of a japonica rice variety (Nanjing 9108) at 21.5 ten thousand spikes per mu, ④ uniformly spraying 80 ml/mu of conditioner A (liquid preparation) and 80 g/mu of B (powder) which are prepared in the embodiment on rice leaves after 15 kg of water is added in the matching manner at the later stage of rice booting (before the break), performing high-temperature treatment on the related cells on the fifth day after the conditioner is sprayed, and setting triple-repeat for all experimental treatments of ⑤, wherein the area of each cell is 6.0 × 3.0m2. The measures of field fertilizer and water management and pest control are the same as the conventional high-yield cultivation.
The main investigation indexes of the test are as follows: chlorophyll content, SOD content, MDA content, later-stage root injury flow and other physiological and biochemical indexes, and grain number/spike, thousand grain weight, seed setting rate, yield and other yield and character indexes.
(2) And (3) test results:
comparing the formula of the high-temperature-resistant rice conditioner of the embodiment 1 with that of a control CK 2: on indica rice (II you 128) variety, the flow of injury of rice root system can be increased by 75.49%, chlorophyll of rice leaf can be increased by 16.93%, SOD activity can be increased by 12.47%, MDA content can be decreased by 30.67%, thousand seed weight of rice can be increased by 2.34%, maturing rate of rice can be increased by 19.23%, number of rice seeds per ear can be increased by 19.17%, and yield can be increased by 45.43%; the injury flow of the rice root system can be increased by 68.15% on the japonica rice (Nanjing 9108) variety, the chlorophyll of the rice leaf blade is increased by 15.18%, the SOD activity is improved by 28.21%, the MDA content is reduced by 27.43%, the thousand seed weight of the rice is improved by 2.83%, the maturing rate of the rice is increased by 9.50%, the number of grains per ear of the rice is increased by 9.46%, and the yield is increased by 23.27% (see the following tables 1 and 2).
Secondly, under the condition of natural and conventional temperature in the field, after the formula of the high-temperature-resistant rice conditioner in the embodiment 1 is sprayed, compared with a control CK 1: on indica rice (II you 128) variety, the flow of injury of rice root system can be increased by 51.71%, chlorophyll of rice leaf can be increased by 15.33%, SOD activity can be increased by 16.64%, MDA content can be decreased by 30.51%, thousand seed weight of rice can be increased by 1.15%, maturing rate of rice can be increased by 1.06%, grain number per ear of rice can be increased by 1.78%, and yield can be increased by 4.23%; on the japonica rice (Nanjing 9108) variety, the bleeding injury of the rice root system can be increased by 52.13%, the chlorophyll of the rice leaf blade is increased by 16.99%, the SOD activity is increased by 18.42%, the MDA content is reduced by 32.06%, the thousand-grain weight of the rice is increased by 2.36%, the maturing rate of the rice is increased by 1.60%, the number of grains per spike of the rice is increased by 1.02%, and the yield is increased by 4.93% (see tables 1 and 2).
Example 2: the conditioner for remarkably improving the high-temperature resistance of the rice is prepared according to the following steps
The formula proportion of the agent A (liquid preparation) is as follows:
respectively taking the following components: 10g of proline with the mass concentration of 96%, 4g of mepiquat chloride (pix) with the mass concentration of 86%, 20g of choline chloride with the mass concentration of 75%, 0.5g of Salicylic Acid (SA) with the mass concentration of 96%, 1g of betaine with the mass concentration of 96%, 1.5g of Gibberellin (GA) with the mass concentration of 90%, 7g of sodium glutamate with the mass concentration of 90% and 0.05g of Brassin (BR) with the mass concentration of 80%. Wherein the solvent is selected from sewage ethanol (analytically pure) and treated tap water (boiling civil tap water for 5min, cooling, and filtering to remove impurities).
2. Preparation method of agent A (liquid preparation):
same procedure for preparation of "preparation 2, preparation A (liquid preparation)" in example 1 "
3. The formula proportion of the agent B (powder) is as follows:
respectively crushing raw materials of the agent B (powder) and sieving the raw materials with a 150-mesh sieve, and respectively taking the following components: every 80g of the conditioner powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6g of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate with the mass content of 98%, 15g of zinc gluconate with the mass content of 96%, 3g of vitamin C with the mass content of 96%, 96% of BHT4g, 1g of abscisic acid (ABA) with the mass concentration of 80%, 15g of anhydrous zinc sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 8g of anhydrous ferric sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 6g of anhydrous manganese sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 4g of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate with the mass content of 96%, the solvent in processing is absolute ethyl alcohol (analytically pure), and the filling agent is anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
4. The preparation method of the agent B (powder) comprises the following steps:
the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated to prepare "preparation of agent 4 and agent B (powder)".
5. Method of implementation
(1) Test treatments and materials methods:
the same as "5, test treatment and material method" of the method (1) in example 1.
(2) The test result shows that:
comparing the formula of the high-temperature-resistant rice conditioner of the embodiment 1 with that of a control CK 2: on indica rice (II you 128) variety, the flow of injury of rice root system can be increased by 74.84%, chlorophyll of rice leaf can be increased by 14.02%, SOD activity can be increased by 17.48%, MDA content can be decreased by 28.57%, thousand seed weight of rice can be increased by 2.75%, setting percentage of rice can be increased by 20.17%, grain number per ear of rice can be increased by 19.54%, and yield can be increased by 47.62%; the injury flow of rice root systems can be increased by 66.51% on japonica rice (Nanjing 9108) varieties, chlorophyll of rice leaves is increased by 12.83%, SOD activity is increased by 17.48%, MDA content is reduced by 28.57%, thousand seed weight of rice is increased by 2.75%, maturing rate of rice is increased by 20.17%, the number of grains per ear of rice is increased by 9.46%, and yield is increased by 47.62% (see table 1 and table 2).
Secondly, under the condition of natural and conventional temperature in the field, after the formula of the high-temperature-resistant rice conditioner in the embodiment 1 is sprayed, compared with a control CK 1: on indica rice (II you 128) variety, the flow of injury of rice root system can be increased by 50.46%, chlorophyll of rice leaf blade can be increased by 16.84%, SOD activity can be increased by 15.95%, MDA content can be reduced by 30.09%, thousand seed weight of rice can be increased by 1.53%, maturing rate of rice can be increased by 1.29%, grain number per ear of rice can be increased by 1.78%, and yield can be increased by 4.67%; on the japonica rice (Nanjing 9108) variety, the bleeding damage of the rice root system can be increased by 50.31%, the chlorophyll of the rice leaf blade is increased by 11.07%, the SOD activity is increased by 18.06%, the MDA content is reduced by 30.23%, the thousand-grain weight of the rice is increased by 2.76%, the maturing rate of the rice is increased by 1.38%, the number of grains per spike of the rice is increased by 1.26%, and the yield is increased by 5.49% (see the following tables 1 and 2).
Example 3: the conditioner for remarkably improving the high-temperature resistance of the rice is prepared according to the following steps
1. The formula proportion of the agent A (liquid preparation) is as follows:
respectively taking the following components: 5g of proline with the mass concentration of 96%, 4g of mepiquat chloride (pix) with the mass concentration of 86%, 14g of choline chloride with the mass concentration of 75%, 0.4g of Salicylic Acid (SA) with the mass concentration of 96%, 10g of betaine with the mass concentration of 96%, 1g of Gibberellin (GA) with the mass concentration of 90%, 10g of sodium glutamate with the mass concentration of 90% and 0.08g of Brassin (BR) with the mass concentration of 80%. Wherein the solvent is anhydrous alcohol (analytically pure) and treated tap water (boiling civil tap water for 5min, cooling, and filtering to remove impurities).
2. Preparation method of agent A (liquid preparation):
same procedure for preparation of "preparation 2, preparation A (liquid preparation)" in example 1 "
3. The formula proportion of the agent B (powder) is as follows:
respectively crushing raw materials of the agent B (powder) and sieving the raw materials with a 150-mesh sieve, and respectively taking the following components: every 80g of the conditioner powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8g of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate with the mass content of 98%, 10g of zinc gluconate with the mass content of 96%, 4g of vitamin C with the mass content of 96%, 96% of BHT5g, 4g of abscisic acid (ABA) with the mass concentration of 80%, 10g of anhydrous zinc sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 7g of anhydrous ferric sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 7g of anhydrous manganese sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 2g of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate with the mass content of 96%, the solvent in processing is absolute ethyl alcohol (analytically pure), and the filling agent is anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
4. The preparation method of the agent B (powder) comprises the following steps:
the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated to prepare "preparation of agent 4 and agent B (powder)".
5. Method of implementation
(1) Test treatments and materials methods:
the same as "5, test treatment and material method" of the method (1) in example 1.
(2) The test result shows that:
comparing the formula of the high-temperature-resistant rice conditioner of the embodiment 1 with that of a control CK 2: on indica rice (II you 128) variety, the flow of injury of rice root system can be increased by 59.44%, chlorophyll of rice leaf can be increased by 14.56%, SOD activity can be increased by 13.12%, MDA content can be decreased by 27.80%, thousand seed weight of rice can be increased by 2.75%, setting percentage of rice can be increased by 19.09%, grain number per ear of rice can be increased by 19.85%, and yield can be increased by 46.63%; the injury flow of rice root systems can be increased by 56.71 percent on japonica rice (Nanjing 9108) varieties, chlorophyll of rice leaves is increased by 11.58 percent, SOD activity is improved by 27.50 percent, MDA content is reduced by 26.40 percent, thousand seed weight of rice is improved by 2.41 percent, maturing rate of rice is increased by 9.02 percent, the number of grains per spike of rice is increased by 9.19 percent, and yield is increased by 21.91 percent (see table 1 and table 2 below).
Secondly, under the condition of natural and conventional temperature in the field, after the formula of the high-temperature-resistant rice conditioner in the embodiment 1 is sprayed, compared with a control CK 1: on indica rice (II you 128) variety, the flow of injury of rice root system can be increased by 52.04%, chlorophyll of rice leaf can be increased by 17.44%, SOD activity can be increased by 15.92%, MDA content can be reduced by 29.97%, thousand seed weight of rice can be increased by 1.92%, maturing rate of rice can be increased by 1.06%, grain number per ear of rice can be increased by 1.65%, and yield can be increased by 4.70%; on the japonica rice (Nanjing 9108) variety, the bleeding damage of the rice root system can be increased by 51.22%, the chlorophyll of the rice leaf blade is increased by 17.93%, the SOD activity is increased by 18.35%, the MDA content is reduced by 31.29%, the thousand-grain weight of the rice is increased by 2.34%, the maturing rate of the rice is increased by 1.28%, the number of grains per spike of the rice is increased by 1.10%, and the yield is increased by 4.80% (see the following tables 1 and 2).
Example 4: the conditioner for remarkably improving the high-temperature resistance of the rice is prepared according to the following steps
1. The formula proportion of the agent A (liquid preparation) is as follows:
the following components are respectively taken according to parts by weight: 15g of proline with the mass concentration of 96%, 5g of mepiquat chloride (pix) with the mass concentration of 86%, 10g of choline chloride with the mass concentration of 75%, 0.3g of Salicylic Acid (SA) with the mass concentration of 96%, 6g of betaine with the mass concentration of 96%, 2g of Gibberellin (GA) with the mass concentration of 90%, 6g of sodium glutamate with the mass concentration of 90% and 0.05g of Brassin (BR) with the mass concentration of 80%. Wherein the solvent is anhydrous alcohol (analytically pure) and treated tap water (boiling civil tap water for 5min, cooling, and filtering to remove impurities).
2. Preparation method of agent A (liquid preparation):
same procedure for preparation of "preparation 2, preparation A (liquid preparation)" in example 1 "
3. The formula proportion of the agent B (powder) is as follows:
respectively crushing raw materials of the agent B (powder) and sieving the raw materials with a 150-mesh sieve, and respectively taking the following components in parts by weight: every 80g of the conditioner powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7g of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate with the mass content of 98%, 5g of zinc gluconate with the mass content of 96%, 5g of vitamin C with the mass content of 96%, 96% of BHT3g, 3g of abscisic acid (ABA) with the mass concentration of 80%, 20g of anhydrous zinc sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 6g of anhydrous ferric sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 10g of anhydrous manganese sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 3g of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate with the mass content of 96%, the solvent in processing is absolute ethyl alcohol (analytically pure), and the filling agent is anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
4. Preparation method of B agent (powder)
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated to prepare "preparation of agent 4 and agent B (powder)".
5. Method of implementation
(1) Test treatments and materials methods:
the same as "5, test treatment and material method" of the method (1) in example 1.
(2) The test result shows that:
comparing the formula of the high-temperature-resistant rice conditioner of the embodiment 1 with that of a control CK 2: on indica rice (II you 128) variety, the flow of injury of rice root system can be increased by 67.00%, chlorophyll of rice leaf can be increased by 16.60%, SOD activity can be increased by 12.96%, MDA content can be decreased by 28.63%, thousand seed weight of rice can be increased by 2.33%, maturing rate of rice can be increased by 19.09%, grain number per ear of rice can be increased by 19.59%, and yield can be increased by 45.73%; on the japonica rice (Nanjing 9108) variety, the bleeding damage of the rice root system can be increased by 62.56%, the chlorophyll of the rice leaf blade is increased by 12.02%, the SOD activity is improved by 28.17%, the MDA content is reduced by 26.87%, the thousand-grain weight of the rice is improved by 2.01%, the maturing rate of the rice is increased by 8.14%, the grain number per spike of the rice is increased by 9.56%, and the yield is increased by 19.72% (see the following tables 1 and 2).
Secondly, under the condition of natural and conventional temperature in the field, after the formula of the high-temperature-resistant rice conditioner in the embodiment 1 is sprayed, compared with a control CK 1: on indica rice (II you 128) variety, the flow of injury of rice root system can be increased by 50.65%, chlorophyll of rice leaf can be increased by 18.18%, SOD activity can be increased by 16.87%, MDA content can be decreased by 29.51%, thousand seed weight of rice can be increased by 2.30%, maturing rate of rice can be increased by 1.29%, grain number per ear of rice can be increased by 2.22%, and yield can be increased by 5.94%; the injury flow of the rice root system can be increased by 49.49% on the japonica rice (Nanjing 9108) variety, the chlorophyll of the rice leaf blade is increased by 14.67%, the SOD activity is increased by 19.54%, the MDA content is reduced by 32.81%, the thousand-grain weight of the rice is increased by 2.77%, the maturing rate of the rice is increased by 1.60%, the number of grains per spike of the rice is increased by 0.94%, and the yield is increased by 5.06% (see the following tables 1 and 2).
Example 5: the conditioner for remarkably improving the high-temperature resistance of the rice is prepared according to the following steps
1. The formula proportion of the agent A (liquid preparation) is as follows:
the following components are respectively taken according to parts by weight: 20g of proline with the mass concentration of 96%, 3g of mepiquat chloride (pix) with the mass concentration of 86%, 5g of choline chloride with the mass concentration of 75%, 1g of Salicylic Acid (SA) with the mass concentration of 96%, 7g of betaine with the mass concentration of 96%, 3g of Gibberellin (GA) with the mass concentration of 90%, 5g of sodium glutamate with the mass concentration of 90% and 0.1g of Brassin (BR) with the mass concentration of 80%. Wherein the solvent is anhydrous alcohol (analytically pure) and treated tap water (boiling civil tap water for 5min, cooling, and filtering to remove impurities).
2. Preparation method of agent A (liquid preparation):
same procedure for preparation of "preparation 2, preparation A (liquid preparation)" in example 1 "
3. The formula proportion of the agent B (powder) is as follows:
respectively crushing raw materials of the agent B (powder) and sieving the raw materials with a 150-mesh sieve, and respectively taking the following components in parts by weight: every 80g of the conditioner powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: the additive comprises, by mass, 5g of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate with the mass content of 98%, 20g of zinc gluconate with the mass content of 96%, 5g of vitamin C with the mass content of 96%, 96% of BHT1g, 5g of abscisic acid (ABA) with the mass concentration of 80%, 15g of anhydrous zinc sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 5g of anhydrous ferric sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 5g of anhydrous manganese sulfate with the mass content of 96%, 1g of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate with the mass content of 96%, a solvent in processing is absolute ethyl alcohol (analytically pure), and a filling agent is anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
4. Preparation method of B agent (powder)
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated to prepare "preparation of agent 4 and agent B (powder)".
5. Method of implementation
(1) Test treatments and materials methods:
the same as "5, test treatment and material method" of the method (1) in example 1.
(3) The test result shows that:
comparing the formula of the high-temperature-resistant rice conditioner of the embodiment 1 with that of a control CK 2: on indica rice (II you 128) variety, the flow of injury of rice root system can be increased by 68.40%, chlorophyll of rice leaf can be increased by 18.18%, SOD activity can be increased by 12.13%, MDA content can be decreased by 29.46%, thousand seed weight of rice can be increased by 2.72%, setting percentage of rice can be increased by 18.60%, grain number per ear of rice can be increased by 18.33%, and yield can be increased by 44.15%; the injury flow of the rice root system can be increased by 69.91% on the japonica rice (Nanjing 9108) variety, the chlorophyll of the rice leaf blade is increased by 14.34%, the SOD activity is increased by 27.31%, the MDA content is reduced by 27.16%, the thousand-grain weight of the rice is increased by 2.41%, the maturing rate of the rice is increased by 9.27%, the grain number per spike of the rice is increased by 9.56%, and the yield is increased by 22.59% (see the following tables 1 and 2).
Secondly, under the condition of natural and conventional temperature in the field, after the formula of the high-temperature-resistant rice conditioner in the embodiment 1 is sprayed, compared with a control CK 1: on indica rice (II you 128) variety, the flow of injury of rice root system can be increased by 51.97%, chlorophyll of rice leaf can be increased by 16.92%, SOD activity can be increased by 16.59%, MDA content can be reduced by 29.43%, thousand seed weight of rice can be increased by 1.91%, maturing rate of rice can be increased by 1.18%, grain number per ear of rice can be increased by 2.35%, and yield can be increased by 5.39%; the injury flow of the rice root system can be increased by 55.31% on the japonica rice (Nanjing 9108) variety, the chlorophyll of the rice leaf blade is increased by 13.26%, the SOD activity is increased by 19.27%, the MDA content is reduced by 30.13%, the thousand seed weight of the rice is increased by 2.35%, the maturing rate of the rice is increased by 1.70%, the number of grains per spike of the rice is increased by 1.10%, and the yield is increased by 5.24% (see the following tables 1 and 2).
TABLE 1 influence of rice physiological and biochemical indexes related to different rice high temperature resistant conditioner formulations
Figure BDA0002539348270000191
Figure BDA0002539348270000201
TABLE 2 influence of different rice thermostable conditioning agent formulations on rice yield traits
Figure BDA0002539348270000202
Figure BDA0002539348270000211
Figure BDA0002539348270000221
The embodiment shows that the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice can obviously prevent or reduce the yield reduction caused by the reduction of the maturing rate and the thousand seed weight of the rice caused by high temperature; when high temperature does not occur, the method has extremely remarkable yield increasing effect, and really achieves the organic combination of disaster prevention, yield protection, loss reduction, yield increase, quality improvement and efficiency increase when high temperature disasters occur.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner is characterized by comprising a liquid preparation and a powder preparation which are independent; the liquid preparation takes absolute ethyl alcohol and water as solvents and comprises the following components in concentration: 50-250 g/L proline, 21.5-53.75 g/L mepiquat chloride, 46.875-187.5 g/L choline chloride, 1.2-12 g/L salicylic acid, 12-120 g/L betaine, 11.25-33.75 g/L gibberellin, 56.25-112.5 g/L sodium glutamate and 50-1000 mg/L brassin;
the powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4.9-9.8 parts of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, 4.8-18.6 parts of zinc gluconate, 0.96-4.8 parts of vitamin C, 0.96-4.8 parts of BHT, 0.8-4 parts of abscisic acid, 9.6-19.2 parts of anhydrous zinc sulfate, 4.8-9.6 parts of anhydrous ferric sulfate, 4.8-9.6 parts of anhydrous manganese sulfate, 0.96-4.8 parts of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate and 0-47.5 parts of anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
2. The rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid preparation takes absolute ethyl alcohol and water as solvents and comprises the following components in concentration: 100-200 g/L proline, 30-40 g/L mepiquat chloride, 100-150 g/L choline chloride, 5-10 g/L salicylic acid, 50-100 g/L betaine, 20-30 g/L gibberellin, 60-80 g/L sodium glutamate and 400-600 mg/L brassin;
the powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, 8-15 parts of zinc gluconate, 2-3 parts of vitamin C, 2-3 parts of BHT, 2-3 parts of abscisic acid, 12-16 parts of anhydrous zinc sulfate, 6-8 parts of anhydrous ferric sulfate, 6-8 parts of anhydrous manganese sulfate, 2-3 parts of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate and 5.0-40.0 parts of anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
3. The method for preparing a rice high temperature resistant yield increasing conditioner according to claim 1 or 2,
the preparation of the liquid preparation comprises the following steps:
1) respectively dissolving proline and mepiquat chloride by water to respectively obtain a proline aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.8-1.2 g/mL and a mepiquat chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.8-1.2 g/mL;
2) dissolving sodium glutamate in the proline aqueous solution to obtain sodium glutamate-proline aqueous solution;
3) mixing and dissolving brassin and the mepiquat chloride aqueous solution to obtain a brassin-mepiquat chloride aqueous solution;
4) dissolving gibberellin with absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a gibberellin ethanol solution with the concentration of 0.15-0.25 g/mL;
5) mixing salicylic acid with the gibberellin ethanol solution, and dissolving at 45-55 ℃ to obtain a salicylic acid-gibberellin ethanol solution;
6) mixing the salicylic acid-gibberellin ethanol solution with the sodium glutamate-proline solution to obtain a mixed solution A;
7) dissolving betaine in choline chloride to obtain a betaine-choline chloride solution, and mixing the betaine-choline chloride solution and a brassin-mepiquat chloride aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution B;
8) after mixing the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B, adjusting the pH value to 2.5-4.5, and then fixing the volume with water to obtain a liquid preparation;
no time sequence is defined between the steps 2), 3) and 4);
the preparation of the powder comprises the following steps:
s1) mixing the vitamin C and BHT to obtain a first mixture;
s2) dissolving abscisic acid by absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain 0.4-0.6 g/mL abscisic acid solution;
s3) mixing dipotassium glycyrrhizinate with zinc gluconate to obtain a second mixture;
s4) mixing the second mixture with 40-60% of the total amount of the first mixture to obtain a third mixture;
s5) mixing the abscisic acid solution with the rest first mixture through high-pressure spraying to obtain a fourth mixture;
s6) mixing the third mixed material with the fourth mixed material to obtain a fifth mixed material;
s7) sequentially mixing anhydrous molybdenum sulfate, anhydrous manganese sulfate, anhydrous ferric sulfate and anhydrous zinc sulfate to obtain a sixth mixture;
s8) mixing the fifth mixture and the sixth mixture, and adding anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain powder;
steps S1), S2), S3), and S7).
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the reagent used for adjusting pH in step 8) is pure acetic acid.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the pH is adjusted to 3.3 to 3.7 in the step 8).
6. The rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and the application of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5 in improving the high-temperature-resistant performance of rice.
7. The rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and the application of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5 in increasing the maturing rate of rice.
8. The rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and the application of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5 in increasing rice yield.
9. The application of any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the liquid preparation and the powder preparation in the rice high temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner are mixed in a proportion of (0.8-1.2) ml, diluted by 80-120 times with water and then sprayed on rice, wherein the proportion of (0.8-1.2) g is 0.8-1.2; the spraying time is 3-5 days before the rice booting period or high-temperature hazard occurs.
10. The application of the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice as claimed in claim 9, wherein the spraying amount of the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice is 75-85 mL/mu in terms of liquid preparation.
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