CN111544559A - Traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating sheep transport stress syndrome and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating sheep transport stress syndrome and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of veterinary medicines, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating sheep transport stress syndrome and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation takes spanishneedles herb, codonopsis pilosula, centella asiatica, dried ginger, acanthopanax trifoliatus, liquorice, sarcandra glabra and bighead atractylodes rhizome as traditional Chinese medicine raw materials, and is added with vitamins and minerals in a reasonable compatibility; the preparation method provided by the invention can promote the drug effect to be fully exerted, and the prepared traditional Chinese medicine preparation can obviously reduce the activity of serum enzyme of the diseased sheep, has good prevention and treatment effects on sheep transport stress syndrome, and has wide market prospect and greater economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of veterinary medicines, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating sheep transport stress syndrome and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The stress syndrome of sheep transportation refers to a specific and nonspecific reaction of sheep which shows slow growth and development, high fever, diarrhea, cough, asthma, chronic respiratory diseases, reduced production performance, reduced product quality, reduced immunity and even death under the action of stress and long-distance transportation stressors.
There are various factors that cause stress, mainly the following:
1. feeding management factors: weaning, overcrowding, environmental supercooling and overheating, long-distance transportation, driving and changing, bucket rack, group mixing, castration, immunization injection, horn removal, catching, sound, light, electric shock and the like. The optimum environment temperature of the animal is 18-24 ℃, and the stress reaction can be caused when the temperature exceeds 32 ℃. The heat stress is most harmful to sheep. Sheep may develop mutton degeneration under the action of stress factors such as restraint, transportation, hybridization or exercise, and the like, and the syndrome is characterized by pale, soft and exudative mutton, dry, hard and dark mutton and necrosis of adult sheep dorsal muscles.
2. Nutritional factors: the lack or lack of nutrients, in particular micronutrients (vitamins, trace elements) in feed is one of the causes of stress development.
After the animal is affected by the stressors, the immunity is reduced, the susceptibility to certain infectious diseases and parasitic diseases is increased, and the effect of preventing inoculation is reduced. Meanwhile, the body mobilizes a large amount of energy to deal with the stimulation of stressors, so that the catabolism of the body is enhanced, the anabolism is reduced, the glucocorticoid secretion is increased, the growth of livestock and poultry is stopped, the milk yield is reduced, the feed conversion rate is reduced, the weight loss is serious in the transportation process or during slaughtering, and the death rate of young livestock is increased.
At present, no specific drug therapy is available for the disease, and comprehensive prevention measures and symptomatic therapy are mainly adopted. The most fundamental way is to avoid stressors and long-distance transport. Sheep transport stress syndrome, sheep of various ages are susceptible. The disease is frequently occurring in winter and also in summer.
In recent years, stress syndrome has become an important endocrine system disease affecting the development of sheep industry. The mortality of animals can be obviously reduced by timely symptomatic treatment after the disease occurs, and the incidence of the disease can be reduced to a certain extent by properly adding antibiotics in the production process. However, with the wide use of a large number of antibacterial drugs, particularly broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs, in the sheep raising industry, the problem of drug resistance of bacteria to the antibacterial drugs is highlighted, and meanwhile, research data shows that antibiotics with sub-inhibitory concentration can affect the metabolic process of bacteria to change the toxicity of the bacteria or the adaptability of the bacteria to the environment and the like, so that super-drug-resistant bacteria are caused, and the life health of animals and human beings is seriously threatened.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and problems that no good prevention and control measures are still provided for sheep stress or transport stress syndrome and antibiotic residues exist at present, the invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating sheep transport stress syndrome and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 15-45 parts of bidens parviflora, 20-60 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 35-55 parts of centella asiatica, 40-60 parts of dried ginger, 20-40 parts of acanthopanax trifoliatus, 35-60 parts of liquorice, 30-50 parts of glabrous sarcandra herb, 40-60 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 110-30 parts of vitamin B, 15-30 parts of vitamin C, 15-20 parts of vitamin E, 5-10 parts of trace element selenium and 10-15 parts of trace element zinc.
The traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of bidens parviflora, 40 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 45 parts of centella asiatica, 50 parts of dried ginger, 30 parts of trifoliate acanthopanax, 45 parts of liquorice, 40 parts of glabrous sarcandra herb, 50 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 120 parts of vitamin B, 25 parts of vitamin C, 18 parts of vitamin E, 8 parts of trace element selenium and 12 parts of trace element zinc.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating sheep stress or transport stress syndrome, which comprises the following steps:
crushing bidens parviflora, adding methanol, heating, refluxing and extracting, filtering, collecting filtrate, recovering methanol, and concentrating into an extract; adding water into the extract, extracting with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol respectively for one time, recovering solvent, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain herba Bidentis Bipinnatae extract;
step two, crushing the codonopsis pilosula, adding 95% ethanol into the codonopsis pilosula for reflux extraction for 2-5 times, recovering ethanol under reduced pressure every time for 1 hour, and concentrating the mixture into a crude extract; dissolving the crude extract with ethyl acetate, filtering, collecting filtrate, adding 10% sodium bicarbonate into the filtrate, extracting for 1h, adding 10% sodium carbonate, extracting for 1h, adding 2% sodium hydroxide, extracting for 1h, collecting extractive solution, acidifying the extractive solution with concentrated hydrochloric acid, adjusting pH to 2-3, adding chloroform, extracting, recovering chloroform, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain radix Codonopsis extract;
step three, crushing the centella, adding water for decoction, filtering and collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; concentrating the filtrate, adjusting pH to 2-3 with dilute hydrochloric acid, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, recovering ethyl acetate, extracting the rest liquid with 5-10% sodium bicarbonate for 1 hr, standing, collecting sodium bicarbonate layer, and concentrating the rest liquid into herba Centellae extract;
step four, crushing the dried ginger, adding 5-8 times of water for steam distillation, collecting distillate, drying and crushing the medicine residues for later use;
step five, crushing the trifoliate acanthopanax, adding 5-8 times of 45-65% ethanol, soaking for 24 hours, heating and extracting for 1 hour, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; recovering ethanol under reduced pressure, and concentrating the residual liquid into Acanthopanax trifoliatus extractum for use;
step six, crushing liquorice, adding 3-5 times of chloroform, performing reflux extraction, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying residues; recovering chloroform from the filtrate, and concentrating to obtain Glycyrrhrizae radix extract;
step seven, crushing glabrous sarcandra herb, adding 15% of sodium carbonate and benzene for soaking, percolating, filtering and collecting percolate, reserving medicine dregs and drying for later use; adding 4% diluted hydrochloric acid into the percolate for extraction to form an acidic aqueous solution and a benzene solution; adding 1% ammonia water into acidic aqueous solution for alkalization, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, washing the precipitate with sterile water for 2-3 times to remove residual ammonia, dissolving the precipitate with chloroform, adding potassium carbonate for dehydration, filtering, and storing the filtrate; concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain herba Pileae Scriptae extract;
step eight, crushing the bighead atractylodes rhizome, adding methanol for extraction, filtering and collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; recovering methanol from the filtrate, concentrating the residual liquid to obtain extract, dissolving the extract in methanol, adding acetone, vacuum filtering, recovering methanol, dissolving in water, defatting the water solution with diethyl ether, extracting with n-butanol, recovering diethyl ether and n-butanol, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain Atractylodis rhizoma extract;
step nine, mixing the extracts prepared in the steps, adding 1-2 times of water to form an aqueous solution, and spraying the aqueous solution to form dry powder; then mixing the dry powder with vitamin B1, vitamin C, vitamin E, microelement selenium and microelement zinc uniformly to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep comprises the following specific steps: pulverizing herba Bidentis Bipinnatae, adding 5-6 times of methanol, heating under reflux, filtering, collecting filtrate, recovering methanol, and concentrating to obtain extract; adding 2 times of water into the extract, respectively extracting with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol for one time, recovering solvent, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain herba Bidentis Bipinnatae extract.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep comprises the following specific steps of: pulverizing radix Codonopsis, adding 6-8 times of 95% ethanol, reflux-extracting for 3 times (1 hr each time), recovering ethanol under reduced pressure, and concentrating to obtain crude extract; dissolving the crude extract with 2-3 times of ethyl acetate, filtering, collecting filtrate, adding 10% sodium bicarbonate into the filtrate, extracting for 1h, adding 10% sodium carbonate, extracting for 1h, adding 2% sodium hydroxide, extracting for 1h, collecting extractive solution, acidifying the extractive solution with concentrated hydrochloric acid, adjusting pH to 2-3, adding chloroform, extracting, recovering chloroform, and concentrating the residual solution to obtain radix Codonopsis extract.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep specifically comprises the following steps: pulverizing herba Centellae, adding 5-8 times of water, decocting for 1-2 hr, filtering, collecting filtrate, and oven drying residue; concentrating the filtrate, adjusting the pH value to 2-3 with diluted hydrochloric acid, adding 2-3 times of ethyl acetate for extraction for 1-2h, recovering ethyl acetate, extracting the rest liquid with 5-10% sodium bicarbonate for 1h, standing, collecting sodium bicarbonate layer, and concentrating the rest liquid into herba Centellae extract.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep comprises the following specific steps: pulverizing herba Pileae Scriptae, adding 15% sodium carbonate and 2 times of benzene, soaking for 24 hr, percolating for 8 hr, filtering, collecting percolate, keeping residue, and oven drying; adding 4% diluted hydrochloric acid into the percolate for extraction to form an acidic aqueous solution and a benzene solution; adding 1% ammonia water into the acidic aqueous solution for alkalization, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, washing the precipitate with sterile water for 2-3 times to remove residual ammonia, dissolving the precipitate with 2 times of chloroform, adding potassium carbonate for dehydration, filtering, and storing the filtrate; concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain herba Pileae Scriptae extract.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep comprises the following specific steps: pulverizing Atractylodis rhizoma, extracting with 5-8 times of methanol for 1 hr, filtering, collecting filtrate, and oven drying the residue; recovering methanol from the filtrate, concentrating the residual liquid to obtain extract, dissolving the extract in methanol, adding acetone, vacuum filtering, recovering methanol, dissolving in water, defatting the water solution with diethyl ether, extracting with n-butanol, recovering diethyl ether and n-butanol, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain Atractylodis rhizoma extract.
The whole herb of the bidens parviflora willd is used as the medicine in the prescription, and has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, regulating blood sugar and preventing cancers; bidens parviflora contains various chemical components such as flavonoids, organic acids and esters thereof, volatile oil and the like, and shows pharmacological activity in the aspects of hypertension resistance, oxidation resistance, tumor resistance, bacteria resistance, inflammation resistance, liver protection, calculus resistance and the like.
The codonopsis pilosula has the effects of tonifying middle-jiao and Qi, and strengthening spleen and benefiting lung; the radix Codonopsis contains various chemical components such as polysaccharide, phenols, sterols, saponin, and alkaloid, wherein the radix Codonopsis polysaccharide has effects of enhancing immunity, resisting tumor, resisting oxidation, and reducing blood lipid.
Centella asiatica is bitter in taste and cold in nature, enters lung, spleen, kidney and bladder channels, and has the effects of clearing heat, promoting diuresis, removing toxicity, relieving swelling, promoting blood circulation and stopping bleeding; centella asiatica contains flavonoids, polyacetylenes, volatile oil, triterpenes, glycosides thereof, alkaloids thereof and other compounds, and can be used for repairing skin injury; has protective effect on motor neurons; has antioxidant, immunoregulatory, and antitumor effects.
The dried ginger is pungent in taste, non-toxic and hot in nature, enters spleen, stomach and lung channels, and has the effects of warming middle-jiao and expelling cold, restoring yang, dredging collaterals and the like; the rhizoma Zingiberis mainly comprises volatile oil, gingerol and diphenyl heptane compounds, has antiinflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and antibacterial effects, and also has effects in improving stomach function, protecting gastric mucosa, resisting cancer and tumor, and protecting cardiovascular system.
The trifoliate acanthopanax bark contains chemical components such as flavonoids, caffeic acid tannins, polysaccharides, saponins, terpenoids, volatile oil and the like, has the effects of resisting oxidation, stress and cancer, reducing blood sugar, whitening and improving the adaptability of the body to exercise load.
The licorice root can regulate various drugs and relieve various toxins, contains glycyrrhizin, licoflavone, glycyrrhiza polysaccharide and other substances, and has the effects of resisting inflammation, sterilizing, resisting virus, protecting liver, resisting oxidation, resisting tumor and enhancing immunity.
Herba Pileae Scriptae contains hemiterpenoids, flavonoids, coumarins, organic acids, volatile oils, etc., has effects of promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis, relieving swelling, resolving hard mass, cooling blood, stopping bleeding, dispelling cough and relieving asthma, and has effects of resisting inflammation and tumor, resisting oxidation, relieving pain and regulating organism immunity.
The active ingredients of the bighead atractylodes rhizome comprise polysaccharide, lactone, volatile oil, amino acid and the like, and the bighead atractylodes rhizome has the effects of resisting tumors, bacteria and inflammation and oxidation and has a regulating effect on an immune system.
The addition of vitamin C is beneficial to promoting the normal secretion of adrenal cortical hormone of an organism, reducing physiological stress, helping sheep to maintain normal body temperature under the condition of heat stress and improving the feed conversion rate. The vitamin B1 is added to participate in cell metabolism and cell sugar metabolism.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the Chinese medicinal composition is a pure Chinese medicinal preparation, has the effects of resisting stress, clearing away heat and toxic materials, relieving cough and asthma, resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation, is reasonable in compatibility, safe and effective, treats both principal and secondary aspects of diseases, has no relapse, avoids medicament residues for preventing and treating by antibiotics, ensures food safety, and is suitable for popularization in animal production. The traditional Chinese medicine composition has good prevention and treatment effects on stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep, can obviously reduce the activity of serum creatine phosphokinase, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase, has good curative effects on stress in long-distance transport, chronic respiratory infectious diseases, cough, asthma, high fever, indigestion, diarrhea, ill sheep with diarrhea, low feed conversion rate, high mortality rate and the like, and has wide market prospect and great economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1: the embodiment provides a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating sheep transport stress syndrome, which comprises the following raw materials: 30 parts of bidens parviflora, 40 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 45 parts of centella asiatica, 50 parts of dried ginger, 30 parts of trifoliate acanthopanax, 45 parts of liquorice, 40 parts of glabrous sarcandra herb, 50 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 120 parts of vitamin B, 25 parts of vitamin C, 18 parts of vitamin E, 8 parts of trace element selenium and 12 parts of trace element zinc.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, crushing bidens parviflora, adding 6 times of methanol, heating, refluxing, extracting, filtering, collecting filtrate, recovering methanol, and concentrating into an extract; adding 2 times of water into the extract, respectively extracting with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol for one time, recovering solvent, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain herba Bidentis Bipinnatae extract.
Step two, crushing the codonopsis pilosula, adding 8 times of 95% ethanol for reflux extraction for 3 times, recovering ethanol under reduced pressure every time for 1 hour, and concentrating to obtain a crude extract; dissolving the crude extract with 3 times of ethyl acetate, filtering, collecting filtrate, adding 10% sodium bicarbonate into the filtrate, extracting for 1h, adding 10% sodium carbonate, extracting for 1h, adding 2% sodium hydroxide, extracting for 1h, collecting extractive solution, acidifying the extractive solution with concentrated hydrochloric acid, adjusting pH to 2-3, adding chloroform, extracting, recovering chloroform, and concentrating the residual solution to obtain radix Codonopsis extract.
Step three, crushing the centella, adding 8 times of water, decocting for 1-2 hours, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; concentrating the filtrate, adjusting the pH value to 2-3 with dilute hydrochloric acid, adding 2 times of ethyl acetate for extraction for 1-2h, recovering ethyl acetate, extracting the rest liquid with 5-10% sodium bicarbonate for 1h, standing, collecting sodium bicarbonate layer, and concentrating the rest liquid into herba Centellae extract.
And step four, crushing the dried ginger, adding 5 times of water for steam distillation, collecting distillate, drying the medicine residues, and crushing for later use.
Step five, crushing the trifoliate acanthopanax roots, adding 5 times of 45-65% ethanol, soaking for 24 hours, heating and extracting for 1 hour, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; recovering ethanol under reduced pressure, and concentrating the rest liquid to obtain Acanthopanax trifoliatus extractum.
Step six, crushing liquorice, adding 5 times of chloroform, performing reflux extraction, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying residues; recovering chloroform from the filtrate, and concentrating to obtain Glycyrrhrizae radix extract.
Seventhly, crushing the glabrous sarcandra herb, adding 15% of sodium carbonate and 2 times of benzene, soaking for 24 hours, percolating for 8 hours, filtering and collecting percolate, reserving medicine dregs, and drying for later use; adding 4% diluted hydrochloric acid into the percolate for extraction to form an acidic aqueous solution and a benzene solution; adding 1% ammonia water into the acidic aqueous solution for alkalization, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, washing the precipitate with sterile water for 2-3 times to remove residual ammonia, dissolving the precipitate with 2 times of chloroform, adding potassium carbonate for dehydration, filtering, and storing the filtrate; concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain herba Pileae Scriptae extract.
Step eight, crushing the bighead atractylodes rhizome, adding 8 times of methanol for extraction for 1 hour, filtering and collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; recovering methanol from the filtrate, concentrating the residual liquid to obtain extract, dissolving the extract in methanol, adding acetone, vacuum filtering, recovering methanol, dissolving in water, defatting the water solution with diethyl ether, extracting with n-butanol, recovering diethyl ether and n-butanol, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain Atractylodis rhizoma extract.
Step nine, combining the extracts prepared in the steps, adding 1 time of water to form an aqueous solution, and spraying the aqueous solution into dry powder; then mixing with vitamin B1, vitamin C, vitamin E, microelement selenium and microelement zinc uniformly according to a proportion to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.
Example 2: the embodiment provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating sheep transport stress syndrome, which comprises the following raw materials: 45 parts of bidens parviflora, 20 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 35 parts of centella asiatica, 60 parts of dried ginger, 20 parts of trifoliate acanthopanax, 60 parts of liquorice, 30 parts of glabrous sarcandra herb, 40 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 130 parts of vitamin B, 30 parts of vitamin C, 15 parts of vitamin E, 10 parts of trace element selenium and 10 parts of trace element zinc.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, crushing bidens parviflora, adding 5 times of methanol, heating, refluxing, extracting, filtering, collecting filtrate, recovering methanol, and concentrating into an extract; adding 2 times of water into the extract, respectively extracting with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol for one time, recovering solvent, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain herba Bidentis Bipinnatae extract.
Step two, crushing the codonopsis pilosula, adding 95% ethanol in an amount which is 6 times that of the codonopsis pilosula, refluxing and extracting for 3 times, wherein each time is 1 hour, recovering the ethanol under reduced pressure, and concentrating the ethanol into a crude extract; dissolving the crude extract with 3 times of ethyl acetate, filtering, collecting filtrate, adding 10% sodium bicarbonate into the filtrate, extracting for 1h, adding 10% sodium carbonate, extracting for 1h, adding 2% sodium hydroxide, extracting for 1h, collecting extractive solution, acidifying the extractive solution with concentrated hydrochloric acid, adjusting pH to 2-3, adding chloroform, extracting, recovering chloroform, and concentrating the residual solution to obtain radix Codonopsis extract.
Step three, crushing the centella, adding 6 times of water, decocting for 1-2 hours, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; concentrating the filtrate, adjusting the pH value to 2-3 with dilute hydrochloric acid, adding 2 times of ethyl acetate for extraction for 1-2h, recovering ethyl acetate, extracting the rest liquid with 5-10% sodium bicarbonate for 1h, standing, collecting sodium bicarbonate layer, and concentrating the rest liquid into herba Centellae extract.
And step four, crushing the dried ginger, adding 5 times of water for steam distillation, collecting distillate, drying the medicine residues, and crushing for later use.
Step five, crushing the trifoliate acanthopanax roots, adding 45-65% ethanol in an amount which is 6 times that of the trifoliate acanthopanax roots, soaking for 24 hours, heating and extracting for 1 hour, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; recovering ethanol under reduced pressure, and concentrating the rest liquid to obtain Acanthopanax trifoliatus extractum.
Step six, crushing liquorice, adding 3 times of chloroform, performing reflux extraction, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying residues; recovering chloroform from the filtrate, and concentrating to obtain Glycyrrhrizae radix extract.
Seventhly, crushing the glabrous sarcandra herb, adding 15% of sodium carbonate and 2 times of benzene, soaking for 24 hours, percolating for 8 hours, filtering and collecting percolate, reserving medicine dregs, and drying for later use; adding 4% diluted hydrochloric acid into the percolate for extraction to form an acidic aqueous solution and a benzene solution; adding 1% ammonia water into the acidic aqueous solution for alkalization, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, washing the precipitate with sterile water for 2-3 times to remove residual ammonia, dissolving the precipitate with 2 times of chloroform, adding potassium carbonate for dehydration, filtering, and storing the filtrate; concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain herba Pileae Scriptae extract.
Step eight, crushing the bighead atractylodes rhizome, adding 6 times of methanol for extraction for 1 hour, filtering and collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; recovering methanol from the filtrate, concentrating the residual liquid to obtain extract, dissolving the extract in methanol, adding acetone, vacuum filtering, recovering methanol, dissolving in water, defatting the water solution with diethyl ether, extracting with n-butanol, recovering diethyl ether and n-butanol, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain Atractylodis rhizoma extract.
Step nine, combining the extracts prepared in the steps, adding 1.2 times of water to form an aqueous solution, and spraying the aqueous solution into dry powder; then mixing with vitamin B1, vitamin C, vitamin E, microelement selenium and microelement zinc uniformly according to a proportion to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.
Example 3: the embodiment provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating sheep transport stress syndrome, which comprises the following raw materials: 15 parts of bidens parviflora, 60 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 55 parts of centella asiatica, 40 parts of dried ginger, 40 parts of trifoliate acanthopanax, 35 parts of liquorice, 50 parts of glabrous sarcandra herb, 60 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 110 parts of vitamin B, 15 parts of vitamin C, 20 parts of vitamin E, 5 parts of trace element selenium and 15 parts of trace element zinc.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, crushing bidens parviflora, adding 6 times of methanol, heating, refluxing, extracting, filtering, collecting filtrate, recovering methanol, and concentrating into an extract; adding 2 times of water into the extract, respectively extracting with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol for one time, recovering solvent, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain herba Bidentis Bipinnatae extract.
Step two, crushing the codonopsis pilosula, adding 7 times of 95% ethanol for reflux extraction for 3 times, recovering ethanol under reduced pressure every time for 1 hour, and concentrating to obtain a crude extract; dissolving the crude extract with 2-3 times of ethyl acetate, filtering, collecting filtrate, adding 10% sodium bicarbonate into the filtrate, extracting for 1h, adding 10% sodium carbonate, extracting for 1h, adding 2% sodium hydroxide, extracting for 1h, collecting extractive solution, acidifying the extractive solution with concentrated hydrochloric acid, adjusting pH to 2-3, adding chloroform, extracting, recovering chloroform, and concentrating the residual solution to obtain radix Codonopsis extract.
Step three, crushing the centella, adding 5 times of water, decocting for 1-2 hours, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; concentrating the filtrate, adjusting the pH value to 2-3 with dilute hydrochloric acid, adding 3 times of ethyl acetate for extraction for 1-2h, recovering ethyl acetate, extracting the rest liquid with 5-10% sodium bicarbonate for 1h, standing, collecting sodium bicarbonate layer, and concentrating the rest liquid into herba Centellae extract.
And step four, crushing the dried ginger, adding 8 times of water for steam distillation, collecting distillate, drying the medicine residues, and crushing for later use.
Step five, crushing the trifoliate acanthopanax roots, adding 8 times of 45-65% ethanol, soaking for 24 hours, heating and extracting for 1 hour, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; recovering ethanol under reduced pressure, and concentrating the rest liquid to obtain Acanthopanax trifoliatus extractum.
Step six, crushing liquorice, adding 4 times of chloroform, performing reflux extraction, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying residues; recovering chloroform from the filtrate, and concentrating to obtain Glycyrrhrizae radix extract.
Seventhly, crushing the glabrous sarcandra herb, adding 15% of sodium carbonate and 2 times of benzene, soaking for 24 hours, percolating for 8 hours, filtering and collecting percolate, reserving medicine dregs, and drying for later use; adding 4% diluted hydrochloric acid into the percolate for extraction to form an acidic aqueous solution and a benzene solution; adding 1% ammonia water into the acidic aqueous solution for alkalization, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, washing the precipitate with sterile water for 2-3 times to remove residual ammonia, dissolving the precipitate with 2 times of chloroform, adding potassium carbonate for dehydration, filtering, and storing the filtrate; concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain herba Pileae Scriptae extract.
Step eight, crushing the bighead atractylodes rhizome, adding 5 times of methanol for extraction for 1 hour, filtering and collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; recovering methanol from the filtrate, concentrating the residual liquid to obtain extract, dissolving the extract in methanol, adding acetone, vacuum filtering, recovering methanol, dissolving in water, defatting the water solution with diethyl ether, extracting with n-butanol, recovering diethyl ether and n-butanol, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain Atractylodis rhizoma extract.
Step nine, combining the extracts prepared in the steps, adding 2 times of water to form an aqueous solution, and spraying the aqueous solution into dry powder; then mixing with vitamin B1, vitamin C, vitamin E, microelement selenium and microelement zinc uniformly according to a proportion to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.
Test example:
test example 1: in order to verify the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation, the applicant takes goats as test objects, tests are carried out in a certain goat farm in Luoyang in 2019 and 8 months, 30 diseased goats are selected as test goats, the test goats are randomly divided into 2 groups, namely a test group and a control group, and 15 goats are selected.
The test group feeds the traditional Chinese medicine preparation of the invention with water; the control group is fed with decoction of Scutellariae radix, Glycyrrhrizae radix, rehmanniae radix, and flos Lonicerae.
Since the enzymatic activity in blood is significantly increased after stress, when the enzymatic activity in blood is significantly increased, it can be used as a diagnostic basis for stress.
The test goats in the test group and the control group are respectively subjected to blood sampling before and after the administration, the serum enzyme activity indexes of the test goats are detected, and the detection results are shown in table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, the goat blood of the test group and the control group had higher enzyme activity before administration, and the serum creatine phosphokinase, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase activity of the goat of the test group was significantly reduced compared with the control group after administration of the drug of the present invention (the activity of creatine phosphokinase, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase of the goat of the test group was significantly reducedPLess than 0.05), which shows that the traditional Chinese medicine preparation has better effect on sheep transport stress syndrome.
Test example 2:
150 goats diagnosed as sheep transport stress syndrome with summer transportation time exceeding 48 hours are selected and randomly divided into 5 groups, namely a control 1 group, a control 2 group, a test 1 group, a test 2 group and a test 3 group, wherein each group comprises 30 goats.
The control group 1 was fed with sheep anti-stress product (effective components are calcium gluconate, vitamin A, vitamin D, iron ion, magnesium ion, and zinc ion) mixed with water.
Control group 2 was fed with Scutellariae radix, Glycyrrhrizae radix, rehmanniae radix, and flos Lonicerae by decocting in water.
Experiment 1 group was fed with the Chinese medicinal preparation prepared in example 1 of the present invention in water.
Experiment 2 group was fed with the Chinese medicinal preparation prepared in example 2 of the present invention in water.
Experiment 3 groups were fed with the Chinese medicinal preparation prepared in example 3 of the present invention in water.
The goat house environment, drinking water supply and feed supply were the same for each group during the test period. After the goat is continuously fed for 3 days, counting the number of dead goats, observing the body condition recovery conditions of the goats, and recording the existing stress number and body condition recovery conditions of each group of test goats after 3 days of administration, wherein the body condition recovery rate is based on the complete recovery of the body condition; wherein the body condition recovery (%) = total number of completely recovered goats/total number of goats per group; the existing stress response rate (%) = the number of existing stress-reacted goats/total number of goats per group; the test data was recorded and the results are shown in table 1.
As can be seen from the table 2, after the goat is continuously fed for 3 days, the death rate of the goat in the test group fed with the traditional Chinese medicine preparation is obviously lower than that of the control group, the body condition recovery rate is obviously higher than that of the control group, and the existing stress response rates of the 3 test groups fed with the traditional Chinese medicine preparation are all 0, so that the goat transport stress syndrome treatment effect of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation is obviously better than that of the control group, and the traditional Chinese medicine preparation has a good treatment effect on the goat transport stress syndrome.
Test example 3:
240 sheep which are diagnosed as sheep transport stress syndrome and have transport time of more than 48 hours in winter are selected, and randomly divided into 5 groups, namely a control 1 group, a control 2 group, a test 1 group, a test 2 group and a test 3 group, wherein each group comprises 48 sheep.
The control group 1 was fed with sheep anti-stress product (effective components are calcium gluconate, vitamin A, vitamin D, iron ion, magnesium ion, and zinc ion) mixed with water.
Control group 2 was fed with Scutellariae radix, Glycyrrhrizae radix, rehmanniae radix, and flos Lonicerae by decocting in water.
Experiment 1 group was fed with the Chinese medicinal preparation prepared in example 1 of the present invention in water.
Experiment 2 group was fed with the Chinese medicinal preparation prepared in example 2 of the present invention in water.
Experiment 3 groups were fed with the Chinese medicinal preparation prepared in example 3 of the present invention in water.
The environment, drinking water supply and feed supply were the same for each group of sheep sheepcotes during the test period. After the sheep are continuously fed for 3 days, the number of dead sheep is counted, the body condition recovery condition of the sheep is observed, the existing stress number and the body condition recovery condition of each group of test sheep after the sheep are fed for 3 days are recorded, the judgment standard is the same as the above, and the result is shown in table 3.
As can be seen from Table 3, after the sheep are continuously fed for 3 days, the mortality rate of the sheep fed with the traditional Chinese medicine preparation is obviously lower than that of the control group, the body condition recovery rate of the 3 test groups is obviously higher than that of the control group, and the existing stress response rate of the test group fed with the traditional Chinese medicine preparation is 0, so that the feeding of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation is obviously better than that of the control group, and the traditional Chinese medicine preparation has a good treatment effect on the transport stress syndrome of the sheep.
Clinical application effect
Specific case 1: in 2017, in 3 months, Lanke Zhang a sheep farm, 1500 mutton sheep were dispatched from other places, after feeding for 10 days, part of the sheep started to develop diseases, and the main symptoms of the sheep were anorexia, dry feces, dyspnea, affected sheep body temperature of 41 ℃, conjunctival flushing, dry nose, mucus in oral cavity, diarrhea and sheep stress or transport stress syndrome. 1000kg of the traditional Chinese medicine is mixed with 2kg of the feed twice a day for 3 days, so that the sheep can eat the feed freely; the disease condition was controlled on day 3 and started to return to normal.
Specific case 2: in 12 months in 2018, 2000 goats are purchased in a Zhongmuyi sheep farm, after 2 days of raising, part of the goats develop diseases, and the clinical symptoms are that the body temperature of the affected sheep rises to 41 ℃, dyspnea occurs, abdominal respiration occurs, and the stress or transport stress syndrome of the sheep is diagnosed. 1000kg of the traditional Chinese medicine is mixed with 2kg of the feed twice a day for 3 days in succession, so that the sheep can eat the feed freely; the disease condition was controlled on day 3 and started to return to normal.
Specific case 3: in 2019, in 4 months, a sheep farm, a crane wall, about 20 kg of sheep generate cough and asthma, and affected sheep mainly have the symptoms of dyspnea, abdominal respiration, inappetence, diarrhea, red mouth, conjunctiva flushing and rapid pulse condition flood. According to the observation of clinical symptoms, sheep stress or transport stress syndrome is diagnosed. 1000kg of the traditional Chinese medicine is mixed with 2kg of the feed twice a day for 3 days in succession, so that the sheep can eat the feed freely; the disease condition was controlled on day 3 and started to return to normal.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be covered thereby.
Claims (8)
1. A traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep is characterized in that: the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 15-45 parts of bidens parviflora, 20-60 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 35-55 parts of centella asiatica, 40-60 parts of dried ginger, 20-40 parts of acanthopanax trifoliatus, 35-60 parts of liquorice, 30-50 parts of glabrous sarcandra herb, 40-60 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 110-30 parts of vitamin B, 15-30 parts of vitamin C, 15-20 parts of vitamin E, 5-10 parts of trace element selenium and 10-15 parts of trace element zinc.
2. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of bidens parviflora, 40 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 45 parts of centella asiatica, 50 parts of dried ginger, 30 parts of trifoliate acanthopanax, 45 parts of liquorice, 40 parts of glabrous sarcandra herb, 50 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 120 parts of vitamin B, 25 parts of vitamin C, 18 parts of vitamin E, 8 parts of trace element selenium and 12 parts of trace element zinc.
3. A method for preparing a Chinese medicinal preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep according to any one of claims 1 to 2, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
crushing bidens parviflora, adding methanol, heating, refluxing and extracting, filtering, collecting filtrate, recovering methanol, and concentrating into an extract; adding water into the extract, extracting with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol respectively for one time, recovering solvent, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain herba Bidentis Bipinnatae extract;
step two, crushing the codonopsis pilosula, adding 95% ethanol into the codonopsis pilosula for reflux extraction for 2-5 times, recovering ethanol under reduced pressure every time for 1 hour, and concentrating the mixture into a crude extract; dissolving the crude extract with ethyl acetate, filtering, collecting filtrate, adding 10% sodium bicarbonate into the filtrate, extracting for 1h, adding 10% sodium carbonate, extracting for 1h, adding 2% sodium hydroxide, extracting for 1h, collecting extractive solution, acidifying the extractive solution with concentrated hydrochloric acid, adjusting pH to 2-3, adding chloroform, extracting, recovering chloroform, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain radix Codonopsis extract;
step three, crushing the centella, adding water for decoction, filtering and collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; concentrating the filtrate, adjusting pH to 2-3 with dilute hydrochloric acid, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, recovering ethyl acetate, extracting the rest liquid with 5-10% sodium bicarbonate for 1 hr, standing, collecting sodium bicarbonate layer, and concentrating the rest liquid into herba Centellae extract;
step four, crushing the dried ginger, adding 5-8 times of water for steam distillation, collecting distillate, drying and crushing the medicine residues for later use;
step five, crushing the trifoliate acanthopanax, adding 5-8 times of 45-65% ethanol, soaking for 24 hours, heating and extracting for 1 hour, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; recovering ethanol under reduced pressure, and concentrating the residual liquid into Acanthopanax trifoliatus extractum for use;
step six, crushing liquorice, adding 3-5 times of chloroform, performing reflux extraction, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying residues; recovering chloroform from the filtrate, and concentrating to obtain Glycyrrhrizae radix extract;
step seven, crushing glabrous sarcandra herb, adding 15% of sodium carbonate and benzene for soaking, percolating, filtering and collecting percolate, reserving medicine dregs and drying for later use; adding 4% diluted hydrochloric acid into the percolate for extraction to form an acidic aqueous solution and a benzene solution; adding 1% ammonia water into acidic aqueous solution for alkalization, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, washing the precipitate with sterile water for 2-3 times to remove residual ammonia, dissolving the precipitate with chloroform, adding potassium carbonate for dehydration, filtering, and storing the filtrate; concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain herba Pileae Scriptae extract;
step eight, crushing the bighead atractylodes rhizome, adding methanol for extraction, filtering and collecting filtrate, and drying residues for later use; recovering methanol from the filtrate, concentrating the residual liquid to obtain extract, dissolving the extract in methanol, adding acetone, vacuum filtering, recovering methanol, dissolving in water, defatting the water solution with diethyl ether, extracting with n-butanol, recovering diethyl ether and n-butanol, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain Atractylodis rhizoma extract;
step nine, combining the extracts prepared in the steps, adding 1-2 times of water to form an aqueous solution, and spraying the aqueous solution into dry powder; then mixing with vitamin B1, vitamin C, vitamin E, microelement selenium and microelement zinc uniformly according to a proportion to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.
4. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep according to claim 3 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the specific steps of the first step are as follows: pulverizing herba Bidentis Bipinnatae, adding 5-6 times of methanol, heating under reflux, filtering, collecting filtrate, recovering methanol, and concentrating to obtain extract; adding 2 times of water into the extract, respectively extracting with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol for one time, recovering solvent, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain herba Bidentis Bipinnatae extract.
5. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep according to claim 3 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the second step comprises the following specific steps: pulverizing radix Codonopsis, adding 6-8 times of 95% ethanol, reflux-extracting for 3 times (1 hr each time), recovering ethanol under reduced pressure, and concentrating to obtain crude extract; dissolving the crude extract with 2-3 times of ethyl acetate, filtering, collecting filtrate, adding 10% sodium bicarbonate into the filtrate, extracting for 1h, adding 10% sodium carbonate, extracting for 1h, adding 2% sodium hydroxide, extracting for 1h, collecting extractive solution, acidifying the extractive solution with concentrated hydrochloric acid, adjusting pH to 2-3, adding chloroform, extracting, recovering chloroform, and concentrating the residual solution to obtain radix Codonopsis extract.
6. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep according to claim 3 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the third step comprises the following specific steps: pulverizing herba Centellae, adding 5-8 times of water, decocting for 1-2 hr, filtering, collecting filtrate, and oven drying residue; concentrating the filtrate, adjusting the pH value to 2-3 with diluted hydrochloric acid, adding 2-3 times of ethyl acetate for extraction for 1-2h, recovering ethyl acetate, extracting the rest liquid with 5-10% sodium bicarbonate for 1h, standing, collecting sodium bicarbonate layer, and concentrating the rest liquid into herba Centellae extract.
7. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep according to claim 3 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the concrete steps of the seventh step are as follows: pulverizing herba Pileae Scriptae, adding 15% sodium carbonate and 2 times of benzene, soaking for 24 hr, percolating for 8 hr, filtering, collecting percolate, keeping residue, and oven drying; adding 4% diluted hydrochloric acid into the percolate for extraction to form an acidic aqueous solution and a benzene solution; adding 1% ammonia water into the acidic aqueous solution for alkalization, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, washing the precipitate with sterile water for 2-3 times to remove residual ammonia, dissolving the precipitate with 2 times of chloroform, adding potassium carbonate for dehydration, filtering, and storing the filtrate; concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain herba Pileae Scriptae extract.
8. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for preventing and treating stress or transport stress syndrome of sheep according to claim 3 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the concrete steps of the step eight are as follows: pulverizing Atractylodis rhizoma, extracting with 5-8 times of methanol for 1 hr, filtering, collecting filtrate, and oven drying the residue; recovering methanol from the filtrate, concentrating the residual liquid to obtain extract, dissolving the extract in methanol, adding acetone, vacuum filtering, recovering methanol, dissolving in water, defatting the water solution with diethyl ether, extracting with n-butanol, recovering diethyl ether and n-butanol, and concentrating the residual liquid to obtain Atractylodis rhizoma extract.
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Application publication date: 20200818 |