CN111534178B - 一种光热保温型皮革涂饰剂的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种光热保温型皮革涂饰剂的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111534178B
CN111534178B CN202010500982.6A CN202010500982A CN111534178B CN 111534178 B CN111534178 B CN 111534178B CN 202010500982 A CN202010500982 A CN 202010500982A CN 111534178 B CN111534178 B CN 111534178B
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张文博
卫林峰
马建中
潘朝莹
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Abstract

一种光热保温型皮革涂饰剂的制备方法,在超声搅拌作用下,将Ti3C2、等离子体纳米金/银颗粒、纳米硫化铜等光热纳米材料、水性增稠剂与阴离子皮革涂饰剂乳液混合均匀,得到光热保温型皮革涂饰剂;本发明工艺简单,光热纳米材料的添加量少,将发明的光热保温型皮革涂饰剂应用于皮革的涂饰工艺,可获得光照自发热的皮革制品,从根本上减少了人体向外散热总量,皮革的升温速率快,无需额外供能,环境友好,填补了目前光热转换材料在皮革保温性领域的应用空白。

Description

一种光热保温型皮革涂饰剂的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于皮革涂饰剂制备技术领域,涉及一种光热保温型皮革涂饰剂的制备方法。
背景技术
皮革行业是我国轻工业的支柱产业之一。然而,由于皮革的保温性差,严重限制了皮革制品在寒冷户外环境中的使用,而逐渐被轻便保暖的羽绒服代替。提高皮革在寒冷户外环境下的保温性是实现皮革高值化的重要发展方向。使用功能型皮革涂饰剂是实现皮革功能化的重要手段,发展保温型皮革涂饰剂可有效解决皮革保温性不足的难题。
目前保温型皮革涂饰剂的制备思路主要是设法提升皮革涂层的隔热性能,例如添加中空纳米材料等。然而,一方面,添加中空纳米材料后光热保温型皮革涂饰剂的孔隙率仍然偏低,其热导率的降低程度有限,难以大幅度提高皮革涂饰剂的隔热性能,还会带来填料沉降、影响涂层力学性能等问题。另一方面,皮革涂饰剂在皮革表面的厚度仅有20μm左右,过低的涂层厚度导致涂层隔热效果差。因此,通过在皮革涂饰剂中添加中空纳米材料并不能有效提升皮革的保温性。
中国专利201510182504.4公开了一种通过共混纳米中空二氧化钛和聚丙烯酸酯乳液制得保温型复合薄膜的方法,该方法首先采用模板法制备出纳米中空二氧化钛,再将纳米中空二氧化钛与聚丙烯酸酯乳液共混并成膜,所制得的复合薄膜隔热性能有一定提升,但其保温性能提升有限。中国专利201710210661.0A公开了一种通过共混纳米中空二氧化钛纳米粒子和聚丙烯酸酯乳液制得保温型薄膜的方法,该方法以奥斯特瓦尔德熟化法制备出纳米中空二氧化钛,然而以共混法将其引入聚丙烯酸酯乳液中,制得的复合薄膜有一定的保温隔热性,但其保温性能的提升有限。
现有的加入中空纳米材料提升光热保温型皮革涂饰剂的隔热性能的方法仅能略微降低皮革涂饰剂的热导率,从而降低人体的散热速度,但是并不能减少人体散热总量,且喷涂在皮革表面的皮革涂饰剂厚度仅有20μm左右,其隔热保温作用十分微弱。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种光热保温型皮革涂饰剂的制备方法,以共混法在皮革涂饰剂乳液中引入光热纳米材料,将光能转换为热能,提升皮革在光照下的温度,减小人体与外环境的温度差,从而降低人体散热总量。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种光热保温型皮革涂饰剂的制备方法,将光热纳米材料和水性增稠剂加入到阴离子皮革涂饰剂乳液中,混合均匀,得到光热保温型皮革涂饰剂。
本发明进一步的改进在于,光热纳米材料的添加量为阴离子皮革涂饰剂乳液中固体质量的0.1-5%。
本发明进一步的改进在于,水性增稠剂的用量为阴离子皮革涂饰剂乳液的质量的0.1-1%。
本发明进一步的改进在于,光热纳米材料是Ti3C2、聚多巴胺纳米粒子、等离子体纳米金颗粒、等离子体纳米银颗粒或纳米硫化铜。
本发明进一步的改进在于,水性增稠剂是聚丙烯酸类增稠剂、聚氨酯类增稠剂或纤维素类增稠剂。
本发明进一步的改进在于,聚丙烯酸类增稠剂为聚丙烯酸酯类增稠剂PTF,聚氨酯类增稠剂为聚氨酯类增稠剂RHEOVIS PU1191或聚氨酯类增稠剂RHEOVIS PU1291,纤维素类增稠剂为羟乙基纤维素HEC或羧甲基纤维素CMC。
本发明进一步的改进在于,阴离子皮革涂饰剂乳液是阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液、阴离子聚氨酯乳液或阴离子聚丙烯酸酯和阴离子聚氨酯的任意比例的混合物。
本发明进一步的改进在于,阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液为阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液衍邦141、阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液Mage AR-1053、阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液Mage AR-101或阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液Mage AR-103。
本发明进一步的改进在于,阴离子聚氨酯乳液为阴离子聚氨酯乳液Leasys 3250或阴离子聚氨酯乳液Leasys 3102。
本发明进一步的改进在于,混合均匀是超声搅拌下进行,超声功率为100-400W,搅拌速率为100-300rpm,搅拌时间为10-30min。
本发明相对于现有技术,具有的有益效果如下:光热纳米材料的光热转换效应一般是由于本身的等离子体共振效应而能将光子能量转换为晶格振动,从而使材料宏观温度提升。本发明在皮革涂饰剂乳液中引入光热纳米材料,利用光热纳米材料的光热转换效应使制备的复合皮革涂饰剂在户外光照条件下可自发热,迅速提高皮革表面温度,从而降低人体与外环境的温度差,降低人体散热总量,从根本上减少人体热量散失的驱动力。采用共混光热纳米材料和皮革涂饰剂乳液的工艺简单,通过控制光热纳米材料的添加量可以调控皮革的升温速率,该方法为提高皮革制品的保温性提供了全新的思路。
本发明工艺简单,重复性好,光热纳米材料的添加量少,将发明的光热保温型皮革涂饰剂应用于皮革的涂饰工艺,可获得光照自发热的皮革制品,皮革的升温速率快,无需额外供能,环境友好,填补了光热纳米材料在皮革保温领域的应用空白。
进一步的,采用水性增稠剂为了提高体系粘度,维持光热纳米材料在阴离子皮革涂饰剂乳液中的分散,避免下沉。
附图说明
图1是实施例1的升温曲线。
图2是实施例2的升温曲线。
图3是实施例3的升温曲线。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
本发明的方法为:超声搅拌下,将光热纳米材料和水性增稠剂加入到阴离子皮革涂饰剂乳液中,混合均匀,得到光热保温型皮革涂饰剂。
其中,光热纳米材料的添加量为阴离子皮革涂饰剂乳液中固体质量的0.1-5%。固体质量通过固含量计算得到。
水性增稠剂的用量为光热保温型皮革涂饰剂乳液的质量的0.1-1%。
光热纳米材料是Ti3C2、聚多巴胺纳米粒子、等离子体纳米金颗粒、等离子体纳米银颗粒或纳米硫化铜。
水性增稠剂是商业化的聚丙烯酸类增稠剂、聚氨酯类增稠剂或纤维素类增稠剂。
聚丙烯酸类增稠剂为聚丙烯酸类增稠剂为聚丙烯酸酯类增稠剂PTF,聚氨酯类增稠剂为聚氨酯类增稠剂RHEOVIS PU1191或聚氨酯类增稠剂RHEOVIS PU1291,纤维素类增稠剂为羟乙基纤维素HEC或羧甲基纤维素CMC。
阴离子皮革涂饰剂乳液是阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液、阴离子聚氨酯乳液或阴离子聚丙烯酸酯和阴离子聚氨酯的任意比例混合物。
具体的,阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液为阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液衍邦141、阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液Mage AR-1053、阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液Mage AR-101或阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液Mage AR-103。阴离子聚氨酯乳液为阴离子聚氨酯乳液Leasys 3250或阴离子聚氨酯乳液Leasys 3102。
超声功率为100-400W,搅拌速率为100-300rpm,搅拌时间为10-30min。
下面为具体实施例。
实施例1
(1)在300W的水浴超声波作用下,将0.15g二维Ti3C2纳米片和0.5g的聚丙烯酸酯类增稠剂PTF加入到100g固含量为37wt%的阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液衍邦141(即阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液衍邦141中的固体质量为37g)中,在搅拌速度为300rpm下,搅拌10min,得到灰绿色的光热保温型皮革涂饰剂。其中,Ti3C2的用量为阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液衍邦141中的固体质量的0.4%。
(2)将光热保温型皮革涂饰剂喷涂在皮革上,上浆量为30g/m2,并将涂饰革样放于110度的烘箱中干燥3min后取出,将涂饰革样放于室外阳光直射下,室外温度10℃。
如图1所示,在冬季阳光下仅光照30min,复合涂饰剂涂饰革样的表面温度升高至25.5℃,比对照组高5.5℃。
本发明中采用的对照组为纯聚氨酯涂饰革样品。
实施例2
(1)在200W的水浴超声波作用下,将0.3g聚多巴胺纳米粒子和0.1g的聚氨酯类增稠剂RHEOVIS PU1191加入到100g固含量为35wt%的阴离子聚氨酯乳液Leasys 3102中,然后在搅拌速度为200rpm下,搅拌20min,得到灰色的光热保温型皮革涂饰剂乳液。其中,聚多巴胺纳米粒子的用量为阴离子聚氨酯乳液Leasys 3102中的固体质量的0.86%。
(2)将光热保温型皮革涂饰剂喷涂在皮革上,上浆量为30g/m2,并将涂饰革样放于110度的烘箱中干燥3min后取出,将涂饰革样放于室外阳光直射下,室外温度10℃。
如图2所示,在冬季阳光下仅光照20min,复合涂饰剂涂饰革样的表面温度升高至25.3℃,比对照组高7℃。
实施例3
(1)在180W的水浴超声波作用下,将0.05g等离子体纳米金颗粒和0.5g的纤维素类增稠剂羟乙基纤维素HEC加入到100g固含量为35wt%的阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液MageAR-103中,在搅拌速度为300rpm下,搅拌30min,得到棕色的光热保温型皮革涂饰剂乳液。其中,等离子体纳米金颗粒的用量为阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液Mage AR-103中的固体质量的0.143%。
(2)将光热保温型皮革涂饰剂喷涂在皮革上,上浆量为30g/m2,并将涂饰革样放于110度的烘箱中干燥3min后取出,将涂饰革样放于室外阳光直射下,室外温度8℃。
如图3所示,在冬季阳光下仅光照30min,复合涂饰剂涂饰革样的表面温度升高至22.4℃,比对照组高4.5℃。
实施例4
在300W的水浴超声波作用下,将0.05g等离子体纳米银颗粒和1g的聚丙烯酸酯类增稠剂PTF加入到100g固含量为35wt%的阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液Mage AR-1053中,在搅拌速度为300rpm下,搅拌20min,得到银灰色的光热保温型皮革涂饰剂乳液。其中,等离子体纳米银颗粒的用量为阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液Mage AR-1053中固体质量的0.143%。
实施例5
在150W的水浴超声波作用下,将1g纳米硫化铜和1g的聚氨酯类增稠剂RHEOVISPU1291加入到100g固含量为30wt%的阴离子聚氨酯乳液Leasys 3250中,在搅拌速度为200rpm下,搅拌30min,得到黑灰色的光热保温型皮革涂饰剂乳液。其中,纳米硫化铜的加入量为阴离子聚氨酯乳液Leasys 3250中的固体质量的3.33%。
实施例6
在100W的水浴超声波作用下,将1.25g纳米硫化铜和0.3g的聚氨酯类增稠剂RHEOVIS PU1191加入到100g固含量为25wt%的阴离子聚氨酯乳液Leasys 3102与阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液衍邦141的混合物中,在搅拌速度为150rpm下,搅拌30min,得到黑灰色的光热保温型皮革涂饰剂乳液。其中,纳米硫化铜的加入量为阴离子聚氨酯乳液Leasys 3102与阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液衍邦141的混合物中的固体质量的5%。
实施例7
在400W的水浴超声波作用下,将0.035g纳米硫化铜和0.7g的纤维素类增稠剂羧甲基纤维素CMC加入到100g固含量为35wt%的阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液Mage AR-101中,在搅拌速度为100rpm下,搅拌30min,得到黑灰色的光热保温型皮革涂饰剂乳液。其中,纳米硫化铜的加入量为阴离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液Mage AR-101中的固体质量的0.1%。
本发明工艺简单,光热纳米材料的添加量少,将发明的光热保温型皮革涂饰剂应用于皮革的涂饰工艺,可获得光照自发热的皮革制品,从根本上减少了人体向外散热总量,皮革的升温速率快,无需额外供能,环境友好,填补了目前光热转换材料在皮革保温性领域的应用空白。
本发明的内容不限于实施例所列举,本领域普通技术人员通过阅读本发明说明书而对本发明技术方案采取的任何等效的变换,均为本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (1)

1.一种光热保温型皮革涂饰剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)在200W的水浴超声波作用下,将0.3g聚多巴胺纳米粒子和0.1g的聚氨酯类增稠剂RHEOVIS PU1191加入到100g固含量为35wt%的阴离子聚氨酯乳液Leasys 3102中,然后在搅拌速度为200rpm下,搅拌20min,得到灰色的光热保温型皮革涂饰剂乳液;其中,聚多巴胺纳米粒子的用量为阴离子聚氨酯乳液Leasys 3102中的固体质量的0.86%;
(2)将光热保温型皮革涂饰剂喷涂在皮革上,上浆量为30g/m2,并将涂饰革样放于110度的烘箱中干燥3min后取出,将涂饰革样放于室外阳光直射下,室外温度10℃。
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