CN111527820A - Method for improving secondary salinized soil of vegetable greenhouse by using morchella cultivation - Google Patents
Method for improving secondary salinized soil of vegetable greenhouse by using morchella cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111527820A CN111527820A CN202010540230.2A CN202010540230A CN111527820A CN 111527820 A CN111527820 A CN 111527820A CN 202010540230 A CN202010540230 A CN 202010540230A CN 111527820 A CN111527820 A CN 111527820A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
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Abstract
A method for improving secondary salinized soil of a vegetable greenhouse by using morchella cultivation comprises the following technical steps. (1) The method comprises the following steps of (1) greenhouse soil pretreatment, (2) toadstool solid culture strain culture, (3) toadstool seeding and post-culturing, (4) rapid enrichment culture of toadstool hyphae, (5) toadstool hypha post-maturation culture, (6) mushroom forcing management and (7) soil plowing treatment. The invention discloses a method for planting morchella in salinized soil, aiming at the phenomenon of soil salinization caused by high-strength multiple planting of a vegetable greenhouse, and the method can be used for increasing the content of organic matters in the soil, improving nutrient substances of the salinized soil and improving the property of the salinized soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil treatment, and relates to a method for improving secondary salinized soil of a vegetable greenhouse by using morchella cultivation.
Background
The facility cultivation is one of the important modes of vegetable production in China, and has the characteristics of high yield, high income and the like. However, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are more likely to change due to the characteristics of high temperature, high humidity, high multiple cropping index, high fertilizing amount, high evaporation amount and the like of facility cultivation. In recent years, with the increase of the cultivation period of facilities, the salinization and secondary salinization of soil become more serious, and the yield and quality of vegetables are seriously influenced. Vegetable production cannot be carried out on part of greenhouses with longer planting years, so that the method not only has adverse effects on sustainable development of agriculture and quality of agricultural products in China, but also causes imbalance on soil ecological environment.
Morchella sp is a rare edible fungus with extremely high nutritional and medicinal values. The cultivation mode of the morchella is simpler than that of other edible fungi, namely, morchella strains are directly sown in soil to carry out hypha growth and fruiting management. Compared with the soil, the wheat grains, the rice hulls, the wood chips and the like for preparing the morchella strain are sources of soil organic fertilizers, and the morchella itself is also a fungal resource in the soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving secondary salinized soil of a vegetable greenhouse by using morchella cultivation.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for improving secondary salinized soil of a vegetable greenhouse by using morchella cultivation comprises the following steps:
step 1: spreading quicklime on the surface of secondary salinized soil of the vegetable greenhouse, and then ploughing the soil; after the plowing is finished, the film of the greenhouse is folded, and the sunlight is exposed to the soil for 14-16 d;
step 2: broadcasting the morchella strain on the surface of soil, then covering 2-3cm of soil on the morchella solid cultivated species, and then covering with a black mulching film; then carrying out spawn running under the conditions that the temperature is 10-15 ℃ and the water content of the soil is 20-28%;
and step 3: after sowing for 10-20 days, placing a nutrition bag on the surface of the soil to supplement nutrition for the morchella hypha in the soil;
and 4, step 4: placing into a nutrition bag for 35-40 days, and under the condition that the soil water content is 20-28%, promoting the densification and the strengthening of morchella mycelium to complete mycelium after-ripening culture and nutrition accumulation;
and 5: after the post-ripening culture of the mycelia is completed, performing mushroom-forcing management when the temperature of the soil begins to rise to 8-9 ℃, uncovering the black mulching film, spraying heavy water to the soil once to enable the water content of the soil to reach more than 25%, and enabling the soil surface not to accumulate water so as to promote the fruiting of the morchella;
step 6: and (3) after the fruiting of the morchella esculenta is finished, unpacking the nutrition bag without damage, uniformly scattering the culture medium degraded by the morchella esculenta mycelium in the nutrition bag into the soil, then carrying out ploughing treatment, and obtaining the soil improved by the cultivation of the morchella esculenta after the ploughing treatment.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: in the step 1, the usage amount of the quicklime is 50-60 kg/mu; the depth of plowing is 10-20 cm.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the Morchella strain is at least one of Morchella solid culture strain and Morchella liquid strain.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the preparation method of the morchella solid cultivar comprises the following steps: activating the test tube stock, transferring to a PDA culture medium, transferring the morchella strain overgrowing the flat plate to a PDB culture medium, and culturing at 23-27 deg.C for 3-4 days; inoculating liquid stock strain of Morchella esculenta cultured by PDB culture medium onto liquid culture medium of Morchella esculenta, and culturing at 23-27 deg.C in dark for 3-5 days; and finally, inoculating the cultured liquid strain of the morchella to the sterilized and cooled solid culture medium, and then culturing the inoculated solid culture medium in a dark place at the temperature of 23-27 ℃ until the solid culture medium is full of fungus bags to obtain the morchella solid cultivated strain.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the preparation method of the morchella liquid culture medium comprises the following steps: adding 0.5-2.0% white sugar, 0.10-0.3% peptone, 0.6-0.7% soybean meal, 0.05-0.20% KH into 1L distilled water2PO4And 0.05-0.10% MgSO4And sterilizing for 15min at 121 deg.C and 0.15MPa after stirring.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the preparation method of the solid culture medium comprises the following steps: according to the mass fraction, 60 percent of wood chips, 30 percent of corncobs, 1.5 per mill of monopotassium phosphate, 7 to 9 percent of bran and 1 to 2 percent of light calcium carbonate are uniformly mixed, then the water content is adjusted to 55 to 65 percent, and then the mixture is sterilized for 2.5 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 121 ℃ and the pressure is 0.15 MPa.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: in the step 2, when the morchella strain is a morchella solid cultivated species, the usage amount per mu is 200 and 300 Kg; when the liquid strain of Morchella is used, the dosage per mu is 50-150 kg.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: 1-3 nutrition packages are placed in each square meter of soil, and the weight of each nutrition package is 300-400 g; the preparation method of the nutrition package comprises the steps of uniformly mixing 36% of wood chips, 33% of corncobs, 30% of wheat grains and 1% of calcium carbonate according to mass fraction, and then adjusting the water content to 55-65%.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the method, the morchella is planted in the vegetable greenhouse, and on one hand, liquid cultivated species or solid cultivated species of the morchella are inoculated into soil, so that morchella hyphae with strong nutrition and activity are brought into the soil.
2. The nutrient bag degraded by the morchella after fruiting is directly returned to the field, and the nutrient and viable morchella strain is added to the vegetable greenhouse for the second time. The method obviously improves the pH value of the acidified soil and increases the content of organic matters in the soil, thereby improving the salinization of the soil in the vegetable greenhouse and improving the soil fertility; on the other hand, the cultivation of the morchella is also value-added and synergistic for the vegetable greenhouse.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
Example (b): method for improving secondary salinized soil of vegetable greenhouse by using morchella cultivation
A method for improving secondary salinized soil by using morchella cultivation waste is characterized by comprising the following technical steps.
(1) Greenhouse soil pretreatment
Spreading quicklime to the surface of soil according to the use amount of 55kg per mu, and then ploughing the greenhouse soil to the depth of 10-20 cm.
After the plowing is finished, the greenhouse is folded, and the sunlight is exposed to the soil for 15 d.
(2) Culture of solid culture strain of morchella esculenta
The strain of morchella is the morchella strain obtained by tissue differentiation of the subject group. Activating the test tube stock, and transferring the test tube stock to a PDA culture medium.
The morchella strain full of the plate is transferred into PDB culture medium, the content of each shake flask culture medium is 500mL/L, a half plate with the diameter of 9cm is inoculated, and the plate is cultured for 3.5 days at 25 ℃.
The formula of the morchella liquid culture medium is that 1.25 percent of white granulated sugar, 0.2 percent of peptone, 0.65 percent of soybean meal and KH are added into 1L of distilled water2PO4Is 0.125% and MgSO4Is 0.75%.
Adding 100ml Morchella liquid culture medium into 250ml triangular flask, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C and 0.15Mpa for 15 min.
Inoculating liquid stock strain of Morchella esculenta cultured with PDB after sterilization and cooling, and culturing at 25 deg.C in dark for 4 days.
The formula of the culture medium of the morchella solid strain is as follows: 60% of wood chips, 30% of corncobs, 1.5% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8.5% of bran and 1.35% of light calcium carbonate. The water content was 60%. The solid culture medium is prepared and then is put into a sterilization bag, and the sterilization is carried out for 2.5 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 121 ℃ and the pressure is 0.15 Mpa.
Inoculating the cultured liquid strains of the morchella into the sterilized and cooled solid culture medium, wherein each culture medium bag is inoculated with 20mL of the liquid culture medium. Then, the inoculated culture bag is placed in a dark place at the temperature of 25 ℃ to be cultured for 30 days to overgrow with the fungus bag, and the overgrown fungus bag is used as a subsequent morchella solid cultivated species.
Note: tissue differentiation, as described herein. Tissue differentiation: after the morchella primordia is formed, the morchella primordia further develops under a proper and stable environment condition (the temperature is 8-15 ℃, the relative humidity of air is 75-95 percent, and no direct sunlight exists) to form a process of forming a fruiting body, namely a process of forming tissue structures such as mushroom stems, mushroom caps and the like.
(3) Morchella seeding culture
After the greenhouse soil is ploughed and aired, broadcasting the morchella solid cultivated species to the soil surface according to the using amount of 250kg of morchella strains per mu, then covering 2.5cm of soil on the strains, and covering the soil with a black mulching film.
The optimal spawn running temperature is 12.5 ℃, the soil water content is 24 percent, which is not suitable to be lower than 20 percent, the viscosity is high, the air permeability is poor, and the water content is not more than 25 percent.
Particularly, the liquid strain can be directly used for sowing under the condition of large-scale liquid strain culture, and the using amount of the liquid strain of the morchella per mu is 100 kg.
(4) Culturing toadstool hypha
And after sowing for two weeks, placing the nutrition bags, wherein each square meter of the nutrition bags is 2, and each nutrition bag is 350g to provide nutrition for the morchella mycelium in the soil.
The formula of the nutrition bag comprises: 36% of wood chips, 33% of corncobs, 30% of wheat grains, 1% of calcium carbonate and 60% of water content.
(5) After-ripening culture of morchella mycelium
After the morchella esculenta is put into a nutrition bag for about 38 days, hypha basically fully grows, the ambient temperature is within 15 ℃ (the temperature can not be basically controlled, basically the external temperature), under the condition that the water content of soil is 24%, the relative humidity of air is 70-85% (micro spraying can be used), a black film completely shields the soil (covering till fruiting after sowing), the thickening and the strengthening of the morchella esculenta hypha are promoted, and the post-mature cultivation and the nutrition accumulation of the hypha are completed.
(6) Mushroom forcing management
After the hypha after-ripening cultivation is finished, when the soil temperature begins to rise to 8.5 ℃, mushroom hastening management is carried out, a black mulching film is uncovered, heavy water is sprayed once, the spraying time is about 30 minutes, the soil water content reaches more than 25%, water is not accumulated, and the growth of morchella is promoted.
(7) Soil tillage treatment
And after the fruiting of the morchella is finished, unpacking the morchella nutrition bag without being damaged, uniformly scattering a culture medium degraded by morchella hypha in the nutrition bag into soil, and carrying out ploughing treatment, wherein the ploughing depth is about 20 cm. And (5) obtaining the soil improved by cultivating the morchella esculenta after the plowing treatment.
The method comprises the following steps of (I) soil setting:
secondary salinization refers to the process of salinization of soil due to improper farming irrigation. Mainly generates North China plain, Songliao plain, river jacket plain, Weihe plain and the like. Because of the influence of artificial unreasonable measures, the groundwater is lifted, and under the condition that the local evaporation capacity is larger than the precipitation capacity, the salt content on the surface layer of the soil is increased, so that the soil salinization is caused. In coastal regions such as Shanghai Chongming and Pudong, secondary salinization is caused because the vegetables are planted in the vegetable greenhouse for a long time and the transpiration effect is strong, so that the groundwater is lifted, and the evaporation capacity is greater than the water amount compensated in the greenhouse.
The examples were carried out in the above sea Chongming area, North China, Songliao plain, and Weihe plain, as representatives.
And (II) detecting the PH change in the soil after the soil is subjected to improvement treatment.
TABLE 1 variation of pH value of soil for cultivating Morchella in vegetable greenhouse
Note: lower case letters represent significant difference analysis results, P < 0.05.
And (III) detecting the change of organic matters in the soil after the soil is improved.
TABLE 2 cultivation of Morchella in vegetable greenhouse on changes in soil organic matter content
Note: lower case letters represent significant difference analysis results, P < 0.05.
The embodiment proves that the acidification degree of the salinized soil of the vegetable greenhouse can be effectively reduced by the liquid cultigen or the solid cultigen of the morchella esculenta, and the pH value and the organic matter content of the soil are obviously improved.
Example 2: method for improving secondary salinized soil of vegetable greenhouse by using morchella cultivation
A method for improving secondary salinized soil of a vegetable greenhouse by using morchella cultivation comprises the following steps:
step 1: spreading quicklime on the surface of secondary salinized soil of the vegetable greenhouse, and then ploughing the soil; after the plowing is finished, the film of the greenhouse is folded, and the sunlight is exposed to the soil for 14 d;
step 2: broadcasting the morchella strain on the surface of soil, then covering 2cm of soil on the morchella solid cultivated species, and then covering with a black mulching film; then carrying out spawn running under the conditions that the temperature is 10 ℃ and the soil water content is 20%;
and step 3: after sowing for 10 days, placing a nutrition bag on the surface of the soil to supplement nutrition for the morchella mycelium in the soil;
and 4, step 4: after 35 days, putting the morchella esculenta into a nutrition bag, under the condition that the water content of soil is 20-28%, so as to promote the densification and the strengthening of morchella esculenta mycelium and complete the post-maturation culture and the nutrition accumulation of the mycelium;
and 5: after the post-ripening culture of the mycelia is completed, when the temperature of the soil begins to rise to 8 ℃, carrying out mushroom hastening management, uncovering a black mulching film, spraying heavy water to the soil once to enable the water content of the soil to reach more than 25%, and enabling the soil surface not to accumulate water so as to promote the growth of morchella; the soil moisture content was measured to be specifically 26.37%.
Step 6: and (3) after the fruiting of the morchella esculenta is finished, unpacking the nutrition bag without damage, uniformly scattering the culture medium degraded by the morchella esculenta mycelium in the nutrition bag into the soil, then carrying out ploughing treatment, and obtaining the soil improved by the cultivation of the morchella esculenta after the ploughing treatment.
The preferred embodiment is: in the step 1, the usage amount of the quicklime is 50 kg/mu; the depth of plowing is 10 cm.
The preferred embodiment is: the Morchella strain is at least one of Morchella solid culture strain and Morchella liquid strain.
The preferred embodiment is: the preparation method of the morchella solid cultivar comprises the following steps: activating the test tube stock, transferring the test tube stock to a PDA culture medium, transferring the morchella strain overgrowing a flat plate into a PDB culture medium, and culturing for 3 days at 23 ℃; inoculating liquid stock strain of Morchella esculenta cultured by PDB culture medium onto liquid culture medium of Morchella esculenta, and culturing at 23 deg.C in dark for 3 days; and finally, inoculating the cultured liquid strain of the morchella to the sterilized and cooled solid culture medium, and then culturing the inoculated solid culture medium in a dark place at the temperature of 23 ℃ until the solid culture medium is full of fungus bags to obtain the morchella solid cultivated strain.
The preferred embodiment is: the preparation method of the morchella liquid culture medium comprises the following steps: adding 0.5% white sugar, 0.10% peptone, 0.6% soybean meal, 0.05% KH into 1L distilled water2PO4And 0.05% MgSO4And sterilizing for 15min at 121 deg.C and 0.15MPa after stirring.
The preferred embodiment is: the preparation method of the solid culture medium comprises the following steps: according to the mass fraction, 60 percent of wood chips, 30 percent of corncobs, 1.5 per mill of monopotassium phosphate, 7.85 percent of bran and 2 percent of light calcium carbonate are uniformly mixed, then the water content is adjusted to 55 percent, and then the mixture is sterilized for 2.5 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 121 ℃ and the pressure is 0.15 MPa.
The preferred embodiment is: in the step 2, when the morchella strain is a morchella solid cultivated species, the using amount per mu is 200 Kg; when the morchella liquid strain is used as the morchella strain, the dosage per mu is 50 kg.
The preferred embodiment is: placing 1 nutrition bag in each square meter of soil, wherein the weight of the nutrition bag is 300 g; the preparation method of the nutrition package comprises the steps of uniformly mixing 36% of wood chips, 33% of corncobs, 30% of wheat grains and 1% of calcium carbonate according to mass fraction, and then adjusting the water content to 55% to obtain the nutrition package.
Example 3: method for improving secondary salinized soil of vegetable greenhouse by using morchella cultivation
A method for improving secondary salinized soil of a vegetable greenhouse by using morchella cultivation comprises the following steps:
step 1: spreading quicklime on the surface of secondary salinized soil of the vegetable greenhouse, and then ploughing the soil; after the plowing is finished, the film of the greenhouse is folded, and the sunlight is exposed to the soil for 16 d;
step 2: broadcasting the morchella strain on the surface of soil, then covering 3cm of soil on the morchella solid cultivated species, and then covering with a black mulching film; then carrying out spawn running under the conditions that the temperature is 15 ℃ and the soil water content is 28%;
and step 3: after 20 days of sowing, placing a nutrition bag on the surface of the soil to supplement nutrition for the morchella mycelium in the soil;
and 4, step 4: after being put into a nutrition bag for 40 days, the toadstool mycelium is promoted to be densified and strengthened under the condition that the water content of soil is 28 percent, and the mycelium after-ripening culture and nutrition accumulation are completed;
and 5: after the post-ripening culture of the mycelia is completed, when the temperature of the soil begins to rise to 9 ℃, carrying out mushroom hastening management, uncovering a black mulching film, spraying heavy water to the soil once to enable the water content of the soil to reach more than 25%, and enabling the soil surface not to accumulate water so as to promote the growth of morchella;
step 6: and (3) after the fruiting of the morchella esculenta is finished, unpacking the nutrition bag without damage, uniformly scattering the culture medium degraded by the morchella esculenta mycelium in the nutrition bag into the soil, then carrying out ploughing treatment, and obtaining the soil improved by the cultivation of the morchella esculenta after the ploughing treatment.
The preferred embodiment is: in the step 1, the usage amount of the quicklime is 60 kg/mu; the depth of plowing is 20 cm.
The preferred embodiment is: the Morchella strain is at least one of Morchella solid culture strain and Morchella liquid strain.
The preferred embodiment is: the preparation method of the morchella solid cultivar comprises the following steps: activating the test tube stock, transferring the test tube stock to a PDA culture medium, transferring the morchella strain overgrowing a flat plate into a PDB culture medium, and culturing for 4 days at 27 ℃; inoculating liquid stock strain of Morchella esculenta cultured by PDB culture medium onto liquid culture medium of Morchella esculenta, and culturing at 27 deg.C in dark for 5 days; and finally, inoculating the cultured liquid strain of the morchella to the sterilized and cooled solid culture medium, and then culturing the inoculated solid culture medium in a dark place at the temperature of 27 ℃ until the solid culture medium is full of fungus bags to obtain the morchella solid cultivated strain.
The preferred embodiment is: the preparation method of the morchella liquid culture medium comprises the following steps: adding white sugar 2.0%, peptone 0.3%, soybean meal 0.7%, and KH 0.20% into 1L distilled water2PO4And 0.10% MgSO4And sterilizing for 15min at 121 deg.C and 0.15MPa after stirring.
The preferred embodiment is: the preparation method of the solid culture medium comprises the following steps: according to the mass fraction, 60 percent of wood chips, 30 percent of corncobs, 1.5 per mill of monopotassium phosphate, 8.2 percent of bran and 1.65 percent of light calcium carbonate are uniformly mixed, then the water content is adjusted to 55-65 percent, and then the mixture is sterilized for 2.5 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 121 ℃ and the pressure is 0.15 MPa.
The preferred embodiment is: in the step 2, when the morchella strains are solid morchella cultivars, the usage amount per mu is 300 Kg; when the morchella liquid strain is used as the morchella strain, the dosage per mu is 150 kg.
The preferred embodiment is: 1-3 nutrition bags are placed in each square meter of soil, and the weight of each nutrition bag is 400 g; the preparation method of the nutrition package comprises the steps of uniformly mixing 36% of wood chips, 33% of corncobs, 30% of wheat grains and 1% of calcium carbonate according to mass fraction, and then adjusting the water content to 65% to obtain the nutrition package.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof in any way, and any modifications or variations thereof that fall within the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A method for improving secondary salinized soil of a vegetable greenhouse by using morchella cultivation is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps:
step 1: spreading quicklime on the surface of secondary salinized soil of the vegetable greenhouse, and then ploughing the soil; after the plowing is finished, the film of the greenhouse is folded, and the sunlight is exposed to the soil for 14-16 d;
step 2: broadcasting the morchella strain on the surface of soil, then covering 2-3cm of soil on the morchella solid cultivated species, and then covering with a black mulching film; then carrying out spawn running under the conditions that the temperature is 10-15 ℃ and the water content of the soil is 20-28%;
and step 3: after sowing for 10-20 days, placing a nutrition bag on the surface of the soil to supplement nutrition for the morchella hypha in the soil;
and 4, step 4: placing into a nutrition bag for 35-40 days, and under the condition that the soil water content is 20-28%, promoting the densification and the strengthening of morchella mycelium to complete mycelium after-ripening culture and nutrition accumulation;
and 5: after the post-ripening culture of the mycelia is completed, performing mushroom-forcing management when the temperature of the soil begins to rise to 8-9 ℃, uncovering the black mulching film, spraying heavy water to the soil once to enable the water content of the soil to reach more than 25%, and enabling the soil surface not to accumulate water so as to promote the fruiting of the morchella;
step 6: and (3) after the fruiting of the morchella esculenta is finished, unpacking the nutrition bag without damage, uniformly scattering the culture medium degraded by the morchella esculenta mycelium in the nutrition bag into the soil, then carrying out ploughing treatment, and obtaining the soil improved by the cultivation of the morchella esculenta after the ploughing treatment.
2. The method for improving the secondary salinized soil of the vegetable greenhouse by using the cultivation of the morchella as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 1, the usage amount of the quicklime is 50-60 kg/mu; the depth of plowing is 10-20 cm.
3. The method for improving the secondary salinized soil of the vegetable greenhouse by using the cultivation of the morchella as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the Morchella strain is at least one of Morchella solid culture strain and Morchella liquid strain.
4. The method for improving the secondary salinized soil of the vegetable greenhouse by using the cultivation of the morchella as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the morchella solid cultivar comprises the following steps: activating the test tube stock, transferring to a PDA culture medium, transferring the morchella strain overgrowing the flat plate to a PDB culture medium, and culturing at 23-27 deg.C for 3-4 days; inoculating liquid stock strain of Morchella esculenta cultured by PDB culture medium onto liquid culture medium of Morchella esculenta, and culturing at 23-27 deg.C in dark for 3-5 days; and finally, inoculating the cultured liquid strain of the morchella to the sterilized and cooled solid culture medium, and then culturing the inoculated solid culture medium in a dark place at the temperature of 23-27 ℃ until the solid culture medium is full of fungus bags to obtain the morchella solid cultivated strain.
5. The method for improving secondary salinized soil of vegetable greenhouse by using morchella esculenta cultivation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the morchella liquid culture medium comprises the following steps: adding 0.5-2.0% white sugar, 0.10-0.3% peptone, 0.6-0.7% soybean meal, 0.05-0.20% KH into 1L distilled water2PO4And 0.05-0.10% MgSO4And sterilizing for 15min at 121 deg.C and 0.15MPa after stirring.
6. The method for improving secondary salinized soil of vegetable greenhouse by using morchella esculenta cultivation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the solid culture medium comprises the following steps: according to the mass fraction, 60 percent of wood chips, 30 percent of corncobs, 1.5 per mill of monopotassium phosphate, 7 to 9 percent of bran and 1 to 2 percent of light calcium carbonate are uniformly mixed, then the water content is adjusted to 55 to 65 percent, and then the mixture is sterilized for 2.5 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 121 ℃ and the pressure is 0.15 MPa.
7. The method for improving the secondary salinized soil of the vegetable greenhouse by using the cultivation of the morchella as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 2, when the morchella strain is a morchella solid cultivated species, the usage amount per mu is 200 and 300 Kg; when the liquid strain of Morchella is used, the dosage per mu is 50-150 kg.
8. The method for improving the secondary salinized soil of the vegetable greenhouse by using the cultivation of the morchella as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 1-3 nutrition packages are placed in each square meter of soil, and the weight of each nutrition package is 300-400 g; the preparation method of the nutrition package comprises the steps of uniformly mixing 36% of wood chips, 33% of corncobs, 30% of wheat grains and 1% of calcium carbonate according to mass fraction, and then adjusting the water content to 55-65%.
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| CN114175965A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-03-15 | 林建伟 | Edible fungus hole-fixing rapid fruiting method |
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