CN111500294A - Biological soil conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biological soil conditioner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111500294A CN111500294A CN202010430475.XA CN202010430475A CN111500294A CN 111500294 A CN111500294 A CN 111500294A CN 202010430475 A CN202010430475 A CN 202010430475A CN 111500294 A CN111500294 A CN 111500294A
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Abstract
The invention provides a biological soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, wherein the soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 0.4-2 parts of compound microorganism strains, 1.5-3 parts of phosphatase, 10-15 parts of modified medical stone, 10-14 parts of attapulgite, 13-16 parts of shell mineral powder, 16-22 parts of seaweed powder, 6-12 parts of soybean meal powder, 6-12 parts of coconut shell powder, 0.6-3 parts of accelerant and 5-10 parts of hydroxypropyl- β -cyclodextrin.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly relates to a biological soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Improving soil fertility and promoting soil to maintain crop productivity is becoming a key concern of the nation, society and many scientific research institutions, and whether the problem can be successfully solved is also a key point of concern of population development and social supply;
in the field of crop cultivation today, it is often involved in the application of fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, etc. in large quantities, which is a common method for increasing yield. However, the method causes the content unbalance of soil nutrients, soil hardening, germ increase and soil fertility reduction, thereby affecting the yield and quality of crops, and more seriously, causing the change of the self properties of soil so as to influence sustainable agricultural production. Currently, an important strategy to solve this problem is to apply various soil conditioners to adjust the soil composition and improve the soil properties, thereby maintaining the moisture, nutrients, soil fertility of the soil and increasing the bioavailability of the fertilizer.
The invention patent CN107474853A provides a biological soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, and the components comprise: 50-60 kg of the mixture A; 10-30 kg of plant ash; 5-20 kg of potassium humate; 5-20 kg of weathered coal; 5-20 kg of slaked lime; 0.1-1 kg of powdery silicate bacteria; 0.3-3 kg of powder type bacillus subtilis; the organic matters such as humic acid contained in the soil conditioner can effectively improve the soil aggregate structure, and has quick-acting and long-acting acid soil treatment effect, but the soil conditioner has insufficient water retention capacity and is not suitable for arid water-deficient areas.
The invention patent CN104263375B discloses a composite soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, the composite soil conditioner comprises biogas residue, pyroligneous liquor, mineral powder, soluble chitosan, diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid pentasodium, a surfactant, tobacco powder, trehalose, dirhamnolipid, a flocculating component, a penetrating agent, enteromorpha powder, modified zeolite, a boron-zinc-magnesium type microbial inoculum, a nano additive, an accelerant, pentaerythritol triacrylate and ionic liquid, the composite conditioner can improve the pH value of soil, improve the permeability of soil and reduce the cadmium content in the soil, but the components are quite complex, the phenomena of layering and precipitation are easy to occur, and the product stability is to be improved.
Although various soil conditioners have been developed, the soil improvement effect of these conditioners is not satisfactory, and suitable synergistic ingredients or promoters and the like are still required to be researched and discovered with increased effort.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art and further optimize the prior art, the invention provides a biological soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, so as to realize the following purposes:
1. the water retention capacity of the biological soil conditioner is improved;
2. the stability of the product is improved;
3. the soil structure is improved, and the soil fertility is improved;
in order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the biological soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the following raw materials, by weight, 0.4-2 parts of compound microorganism strains, 1.5-3 parts of phosphatase, 10-15 parts of modified medical stone, 10-14 parts of attapulgite, 13-16 parts of shell mineral powder, 16-22 parts of seaweed powder, 6-12 parts of soybean meal powder, 6-12 parts of coconut shell powder, 0.6-3 parts of an accelerant and 5-10 parts of hydroxypropyl- β -cyclodextrin;
the compound microorganism strains comprise bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus, and the compound microorganism strains contain 1000-1200 hundred million strains/g;
the mass ratio of the coconut diethanolamide to the disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate is 3-5: 1;
the specific surface area of the modified medical stone is 20-40m2/g；
The preparation method of the modified medical stone comprises the following steps: after the medical stone is dried or baked, the medical stone is crushed into 100-grade 250 mu m medical stone powder by special equipment; then heating up the medical stone powder from normal temperature to 300 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/min, and then heating up to 800 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min;
preferably, 4-4.2 mol/L mol phosphoric acid solution can be added into Maifanitum, stirred at 90 deg.C for 1 hr at 150r/min, and dried in 100-120 deg.C hot air circulation drying cylinder.
The preparation method of the biological soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the steps of probiotic culture, burdening, strain inoculation, granulation and drying;
after the probiotics are cultured, the saccharifying power of the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus laterosporus is more than 90 mg/g.h;
the strain is inoculated, and the mass ratio of the cultured bacillus subtilis to the cultured bacillus laterosporus is 1-1.3: 1;
granulating to prepare wet soil conditioner particles with the particle diameter of 2-4 mm;
and drying at the temperature of 200 ℃ and 230 ℃ until the water content is 10-15%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by adopting the biological soil conditioner, the water retention capacity of the biological soil conditioner is strong, the water absorption rate can reach 200-240g/g, and the water retention time can reach 20-25h through an accelerated drying test at 80 ℃;
2. by adopting the preparation method of the biological soil conditioner, the product stability of the conditioner is good, and the conditioner does not deteriorate after being placed for 36 months at normal temperature;
3. the biological soil conditioner can improve the soil structure and improve the soil fertility, and the soil conditioner is applied in spring according to the dosage of 35-40 kg/mu to turn over the soil, so that the number of microorganisms in the soil can reach 2.0-2.3 × 106Per gram of dry soil, the number of microorganisms is kept at 95 percent or more after 30 days;
4. the biological soil conditioner of the invention can reach the salt content of 0.13-0.17% in a soil layer of 0-30cm, the pH value of the soil of 6.8-7.3 and the volume weight of the soil of 0.9-0.95g/cm after being used for a month aiming at medium and light salinization and acidification soil3The air permeable gap of the soil is 14-18%.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1A biotype soil conditioner and a method for preparing the same
The biological soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
0.4 part of composite microbial strain, 1.5 parts of phosphatase, 10 parts of modified medical stone, 10 parts of attapulgite, 13 parts of shell mineral powder, 16 parts of seaweed powder, 6 parts of soybean meal powder, 6 parts of coconut shell powder, 0.6 part of accelerator and 5 parts of hydroxypropyl- β -cyclodextrin;
the compound microbial strains comprise bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus, and the total content of the bacillus laterosporus is 1000 hundred million/g;
calcining the shell mineral powder at 500 ℃ for 6 hours, wherein the average particle size is 80 meshes;
the specific surface area of the modified medical stone is 20.2m2/g；
The preparation method of the modified medical stone comprises the following steps:
1) after the medical stone is dried, the medical stone is crushed into medical stone powder with the particle size of 100-150 mu m by special equipment;
2) heating up the medical stone powder from normal temperature to 300 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/min, and then heating up to 800 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min to obtain modified medical stone;
the preparation method of the biological soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
1. probiotic culture
Respectively inoculating the strains to a potato culture medium under aseptic conditions, and culturing for 3 days in a constant temperature oven at the constant temperature of 28 ℃; then inoculating to a triangular flask for expanding culture for 48 hours, buckling the flask when the culture medium is full of mycelia, continuing to culture for 24 hours after buckling the flask, taking out the flask for drying at the drying temperature of 35 ℃, and filling in a sterile and dry paper bag;
respectively culturing the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus laterosporus, wherein the saccharifying powers are respectively 90.0 and 90.6mg/g.h after the culture;
2. ingredients
Weighing modified medical stone, attapulgite, shell mineral powder, seaweed powder, soybean meal powder and coconut shell powder according to a certain proportion, uniformly mixing in a disc type stirrer, adding an accelerant, transferring to a grinder, and carrying out wet grinding for 120min at a rotating speed of 10m/sec to obtain mixed powder;
the accelerant comprises coconut diethanolamide and disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, wherein the mass ratio of the coconut diethanolamide to the disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate is 3: 1;
mixing phosphatase and hydroxypropyl- β -cyclodextrin uniformly according to a certain proportion, and adding water to prepare enzyme solution with the concentration of 8 wt%;
3. strain inoculation
Respectively inoculating the cultured bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus strains into the mixed powder according to a proportion, uniformly spraying enzyme liquid, and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus laterosporus after the strain inoculation and the culture is 1:1, and the active bacteria number of the compound microorganism bacteria is 3.2 × 108Per gram;
4. granulating
Transferring the mixed material into a rotary drum granulator to prepare wet soil conditioner particles with the particle diameter of 2-3 mm;
5. drying:
and drying the wet soil conditioner particles at the temperature of 200 ℃ until the water content is 10%, and packaging to obtain the biological soil conditioner.
The biological soil conditioner prepared by the technical scheme of the embodiment 1 has the water absorption rate of 200g/g, and the water retention time of 21h can be reached through an accelerated drying test at 80 ℃;
the soil conditioner is adopted to treat a mild and medium salinized soil test field 1, before treatment, the pH of the soil is 4.5, and the salt content is 0.38%;
the soil conditioner is applied according to the dosage of 40 kg/mu in spring to turn over the soil, and the number of microorganisms in the soil can reach 2.0 × 106Per gram of dry soil;
after the soil conditioner is used for one month, the salt content of a 0-30cm soil layer is 0.17 percent, the pH of the soil is 6.6, and the volume weight of the soil is 0.90g/cm3The air permeability gap of the soil is 14.1 percent; the microbial count still reaches 95%.
Example 2A biotype soil conditioner and a method for preparing the same
The biological soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
1 part of compound microorganism strain, 2 parts of phosphatase, 10 parts of modified medical stone, 13 parts of attapulgite, 15 parts of shell mineral powder, 16 parts of seaweed powder, 10 parts of soybean meal powder, 10 parts of coconut shell powder, 2 parts of accelerant and 10 parts of hydroxypropyl- β -cyclodextrin;
the compound microbial strains comprise bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus, and the total content of the bacillus laterosporus is 1000 hundred million/g;
calcining the shell mineral powder at 500 ℃ for 6 hours, wherein the average particle size is 80 meshes;
the specific surface area of the modified medical stone is 32.0m2/g；
The preparation method of the modified medical stone comprises the following steps:
1) after the medical stone is dried, the medical stone is crushed into medical stone powder with the particle size of 200 and 250 mu m by special equipment;
2) heating up the medical stone powder from normal temperature to 300 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/min, and then heating up to 800 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min to obtain a modified medical stone prefabricated product;
3) adding the Maifanitum prefabricated product into 4.2 mol/L phosphoric acid solution 20% of the total amount, stirring at 90 deg.C for 1 hr at 150r/min, and drying in a hot air circulation drying cylinder at 120 deg.C to obtain modified Maifanitum;
the preparation method of the biological soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
1. probiotic culture
Respectively inoculating the strains to a potato culture medium under aseptic conditions, and culturing for 3 days in a constant temperature oven at the constant temperature of 28 ℃; then inoculating to a triangular flask for expanding culture for 48 hours, buckling the flask when the culture medium is full of mycelia, continuing to culture for 24 hours after buckling the flask, taking out the flask for drying at the drying temperature of 35 ℃, and filling in a sterile and dry paper bag;
respectively culturing the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus laterosporus, wherein the saccharifying power reaches 90.2 and 91.0mg/g.h after the culture;
2. ingredients
Weighing modified medical stone, attapulgite, shell mineral powder, seaweed powder, soybean meal powder and coconut shell powder according to a certain proportion, uniformly mixing in a disc type stirrer, adding an accelerant, transferring into a sand mill, and carrying out wet grinding for 120min at a rotating speed of 15m/sec to obtain mixed powder;
the accelerant comprises coconut diethanolamide and disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, wherein the mass ratio of the coconut diethanolamide to the disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate is 5: 1;
mixing phosphatase and hydroxypropyl- β -cyclodextrin uniformly according to a certain proportion, and adding water to prepare enzyme solution with the concentration of 8 wt%;
3. strain inoculation
Respectively inoculating the cultured bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus strains into the mixed powder according to a proportion, uniformly spraying the mixed enzyme solution, and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus laterosporus after the strain inoculation and the culture is 1.2:1, and the active bacteria content of the compound microorganism strain is 3.4 × 108Per gram;
4. granulating
Transferring the mixed material into a rotary drum granulator to prepare wet soil conditioner particles with the particle diameter of 2-4 mm;
5. drying:
and drying the wet soil conditioner particles at the temperature of 200 ℃ until the water content is 12%, and packaging to obtain the biological soil conditioner.
The biological soil conditioner prepared by the technical scheme of the embodiment 2 has the water absorption rate of 240g/g, and the water retention time of 24h after an accelerated drying test at 80 ℃;
the soil conditioner is adopted to treat a mild and moderate salinization soil test field 2, before treatment, the pH of the soil is 5.3, and the salt content is 0.36%;
the soil conditioner is applied according to the dosage of 35 kg/mu in spring to plough the soil, and the number of microorganisms in the soil can reach 2.2 × 106Per gram of dry soil;
after the soil conditioner is used for one month, the salt content of a 0-30cm soil layer is 0.13%, the pH of the soil is 7.0, and the volume weight of the soil is 0.93g/cm3The ventilation gap of the soil is 15.2 percent; the number of microorganisms is kept above 98%.
Example 3A biotype soil conditioner and a method for preparing the same
The biological soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
2 parts of compound microorganism strains, 3 parts of phosphatase, 15 parts of modified medical stone, 14 parts of attapulgite, 16 parts of shell mineral powder, 22 parts of seaweed powder, 6 parts of soybean meal powder, 12 parts of coconut shell powder, 3 parts of accelerant and 5 parts of hydroxypropyl- β -cyclodextrin;
the compound microbial strains comprise bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus, and the total content of the bacillus laterosporus is 1200 hundred million/g;
calcining the shell mineral powder at 500 ℃ for 6 hours, wherein the average particle size is 100 meshes;
the specific surface area of the modified medical stone is 38.8m2/g；
The preparation method of the modified medical stone comprises the following steps:
1) after the medical stone is dried, the medical stone is crushed into 150-250 mu m medical stone powder by special equipment;
2) heating up the medical stone powder from normal temperature to 300 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/min, and then heating up to 800 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min to obtain a medical stone prefabricated product;
3) adding the Maifanitum prefabricated product into 4.2 mol/L phosphoric acid solution 20% of the total amount, stirring at 90 deg.C for 1 hr at 150r/min, and drying in a hot air circulation drying cylinder at 120 deg.C to obtain modified Maifanitum;
the preparation method of the biological soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
1. probiotic culture
Respectively inoculating the strains to a potato culture medium under the aseptic condition, and culturing for 3 days at the constant temperature of 32 ℃ in a constant temperature box; then inoculating to a triangular flask for expanded culture for 72 hours, buckling the flask when the culture medium is full of mycelia, continuing to culture for 24 hours after buckling the flask, taking out the flask for drying at the drying temperature of 40 ℃, and filling in a sterile and dry paper bag;
respectively culturing the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus laterosporus, wherein the saccharifying power reaches 90.2 and 90.8mg/g.h after the culture;
2. ingredients
Weighing modified medical stone, attapulgite, shell mineral powder, seaweed powder, soybean meal powder and coconut shell powder according to a certain proportion, uniformly mixing in a disc type stirrer, adding an accelerant, transferring to a grinder, and carrying out wet grinding for 120min at a rotating speed of 15m/sec to obtain mixed powder;
the accelerant comprises coconut diethanolamide and disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, wherein the mass ratio of the coconut diethanolamide to the disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate is 5: 1;
mixing phosphatase and hydroxypropyl- β -cyclodextrin uniformly according to a certain proportion, and adding water to prepare enzyme solution with the concentration of 10 wt%;
3. strain inoculation
Respectively inoculating the cultured bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus strains into the mixed powder according to a proportion, uniformly spraying the mixed enzyme solution, and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus laterosporus after the strain inoculation and the culture is 1.3:1, and the active bacteria content of the compound microorganism strain is 3.8 × 108Per gram;
4. granulating
Transferring the mixed material into a rotary drum granulator to prepare wet soil conditioner particles with the particle diameter of 2-4 mm;
5. drying:
and drying the wet soil conditioner particles at 220 ℃ until the water content is 15%, and packaging to obtain the biological soil conditioner.
The biological soil conditioner prepared by the technical scheme of the embodiment 3 has the water absorption rate of 220g/g, and the water retention time of 20h after an accelerated drying test at 80 ℃;
the soil conditioner is adopted to treat a mild and moderate salinization soil test field 3, before treatment, the pH of the soil is 5.0, and the salt content is 0.36%;
the soil conditioner is applied according to the dosage of 35 kg/mu in spring to plough the soil, and the number of microorganisms in the soil can reach 2.3 × 106Per gram of dry soil;
after the soil conditioner is used for one month, the salt content of a 0-30cm soil layer is 0.16%, the pH of the soil is 6.9, and the volume weight of the soil is 0.95g/cm3The air permeability gap of the soil is 17.7 percent; the number of microorganisms is kept at 98% or more.
Comparative example 1:
the biological soil conditioner is prepared by only adding common medical stone into the components, the preparation process is the same as that of the embodiment 2, and the biological soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
1 part of compound microorganism strain, 2 parts of phosphatase, 10 parts of common medical stone, 14 parts of attapulgite, 15 parts of shell mineral powder, 16 parts of seaweed powder, 10 parts of soybean meal powder, 6 parts of coconut shell powder, 3 parts of accelerant and 10 parts of hydroxypropyl- β -cyclodextrin;
the common medical stone is purchased in the market, and is a 200-mesh product which can be directly used;
the biological soil conditioner prepared by the raw materials through the processes of probiotic culture, proportioning, strain inoculation, granulation and drying has the water absorption rate of 166g/g, and is subjected to an accelerated drying test at 80 ℃ for 15 h;
the soil conditioner is adopted to treat a mild and moderate salinized soil test field 4, before treatment, the pH of the soil is 5.4, and the salt content is 0.36%;
the soil conditioner is applied in spring at a dosage of 35 kg/mu to turn over the soil, and the number of microorganisms in the soil is 2.01 × 106Per gram of dry soil;
after the soil conditioner is used for one month, the salt content of a 0-30cm soil layer is 0.16%, the pH of the soil is 7.2, and the volume weight of the soil is 0.82g/cm3The air permeability gap of the soil is 15.1%.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The biological soil conditioner is characterized by comprising, by weight, 0.4-2 parts of compound microorganism strains, 1.5-3 parts of phosphatase, 10-15 parts of modified medical stone, 10-14 parts of attapulgite, 13-16 parts of shell mineral powder, 16-22 parts of seaweed powder, 6-12 parts of soybean meal powder, 6-12 parts of coconut shell powder, 0.6-3 parts of an accelerant and 5-10 parts of hydroxypropyl- β -cyclodextrin.
2. The soil conditioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein said complex microorganism strain comprises Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus, and the complex microorganism strain comprises 1000-1200 billion/g of strains.
3. The soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the accelerator, coconut diethanolamide and disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate are present in a mass ratio of 3-5: 1.
4. The soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the modified Maifanitum has a specific surface area of 20-40m2/g。
5. The soil conditioner of claim 4, wherein the modified Maifanitum is prepared by a method comprising: firstly, after the medical stone is dried or baked, the medical stone is crushed into 100-grade 250 mu m medical stone powder by special equipment; then the medical stone powder is heated from normal temperature to 300 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/min and then heated to 800 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min.
6. The soil conditioner as claimed in claim 5, wherein the modified Maifanitum is prepared by adding 4-4.2 mol/L phosphoric acid solution into Maifanitum, stirring at 90 deg.C and 150r/min for 1 hr, and drying in a 100-120 deg.C hot air circulation drying cylinder.
7. The preparation method of the biological soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the steps of probiotic culture, strain inoculation and drying.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the probiotic bacteria are cultured, and the saccharification force of both Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus is more than 90 mg/g.h.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the strain is inoculated, and the mass ratio of the cultured Bacillus subtilis to the cultured Bacillus laterosporus is 1-1.3: 1.
10. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the drying is carried out at a temperature of 200 ℃ and 230 ℃ to a water content of 10-15%.
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| CN115353435A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-11-18 | 陕西亿农上品农业有限公司 | Medical stone-based microbial bacterium compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115353435A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-11-18 | 陕西亿农上品农业有限公司 | Medical stone-based microbial bacterium compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115353435B (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2024-01-12 | 陕西亿农上品农业有限公司 | Medical stone-based microbial compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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