CN111483198A - 一种易撕复合膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种易撕复合膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111483198A
CN111483198A CN202010378273.5A CN202010378273A CN111483198A CN 111483198 A CN111483198 A CN 111483198A CN 202010378273 A CN202010378273 A CN 202010378273A CN 111483198 A CN111483198 A CN 111483198A
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easy
film
coupling agent
silane coupling
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高红军
刘继鑫
郑永森
郑永渠
蔡财德
杨晖
薛奕鑫
李钿
何展华
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Guangdong Meishida Medicine Package Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于包装材料技术领域,具体涉及一种易撕复合膜及其制备方法。该易撕复合膜包括热封层、阻隔功能层和表面承印层、胶黏剂层,其中,所述阻隔功能层:由改性聚乙烯薄膜组成,所述表面承印层:由改性聚酯薄膜组成。该复合膜易撕,且制备方法简单,适用于工业推广应用。

Description

一种易撕复合膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于包装材料技术领域,具体涉及一种易撕复合膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
塑料包装薄膜是塑料包装材料中产量最大、用途最广的材料,其发展出了本身特定技术外,还与塑料原料、薄膜生产设备、薄膜的包装应用技术密切相关。随着人们生活水平的提高,对包装的要求也在不断提高,对材料的易撕性也提出了更高的要求,目前市场上的软包装产品对易撕性的要求较高的产品一般有小如糖果包装,大如奶粉包装、医疗器材等;这些大大小小的包装材料,首先需要其具有良好的强度,不易破袋,避免内部产品受到外界细菌环境的污染,同时,也要求要其具有易撕裂性,才能保证使用的方便。
现有市场上的软包装产品易撕性主要依靠打易撕口解决,易撕效果不很理想,还有的在固定位置采用机械方法或激光方法破坏机械强度高的基材形成密布的机械孔或形成易撕线,从而达到易撕效果。机械破坏基材的易撕方式效果要好,但是存在破坏了基材表面,产品阻隔性下降。
其次,目前市场存的可控剥离膜的分类主要有弹性体、酸性树脂和聚丁烯类;其中,弹性体的特点为其成本较低,但强度不可控,故主要是低端市场上的主力。目前最重要的使用方向是果冻盖膜;酸性树脂的特点为使用性能很好,可适用的种类最多,同时价格昂贵,加工困难,主要使用在极性材料的易撕,如PS酸奶杯、无菌医疗产品;聚丁烯的特点为可控的易撕强度,完好的密封效果,但是,其共混均匀的难度较大,价格也昂贵,主要的使用方向为医疗无菌包装、聚烯烃食品包装。
中国专利申请CN104151711A公开了一种,一种易撕塑料薄膜,属于包装材料领域。该易撕塑料薄膜包含下述重量份的原料:聚丁烯15-20份,聚烯烃弹性体20-25份,低密度聚乙烯10-15份,乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物20-25份,聚丙烯30-35份;所述聚丙烯包含下述重量份的原料:无规共聚聚丙烯40-45份,均聚聚丙烯30-40份,嵌段共聚聚丙烯20-30份;所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中的醋酸乙烯含量处于10%-20%之间。本发明的易撕塑料薄膜可以保证不同材料间的结合力,产品不分层,制成包装袋存储产品的时候,可以便捷的将包装袋撕开取出产品,且环保无毒,满足使用的需要。但是其抑菌、抗氧化性较差,不利于应用于医疗和食品的外包装使用。
因此,有必要提供一种包装复合膜,使其可以更加易撕,从而避免打孔和易撕口,并且具有较好的抑菌和抗氧化性。
发明内容
为克服以上技术问题,本发明提供了一种易撕复合膜,该复合膜易撕,且具有较好的抑菌和抗氧化性。该易撕复合膜的制备方法简单,适用于工业推广应用。
为实现以上目的,本发明提供的技术方案如下:
一种易撕复合膜,包括热封层、阻隔功能层和表面承印层、胶黏剂层,所述阻隔功能层位于热封层和表面承印层之间,所述热封层和表面承印层均与阻隔功能层复合,所述热封层形成有翻边,所述翻边包裹住阻隔功能层并与表面承印层上表面复合;其中,所述热封层、阻隔功能层和表面承印层分别通过胶黏剂层粘合;
其中,所述胶黏剂层由按重量份数配比的聚氨酯胶粘剂4-6份、硅酸钠2-3份和双酚A型环氧树脂1-2份组成;
所述热封层的厚度为20-60um;
所述阻隔功能层的厚度为5-10um;
所述表面承印层的厚度为10-15um。
所述胶黏剂的每层厚度为2-3um;
优选地,所述热封层为茂金属PE和EVA按7:0.1-0.3的重量比例的共混改性体,通过掺入有EVA,可以提升茂金属PE的柔软性,使得茂金属PE可以更好的被撕断,而且EVA具有良好的黏合性,可以提升与其它层的粘结效果。低温热封、抗污染的茂金属原料,以提高薄膜的热封性能。
优选地,所述表面承印层为聚酯表面涂布聚丁烯的改性聚酯薄膜。具有优异的耐热性和良好的抗化学腐蚀性,且使得复合膜的整体更易被撕开。
优选地,表面承印层由聚酯薄膜采用涂布的方式涂布聚丁烯,通过高温作用使聚酯薄膜内部分子结构重新排列,使聚酯薄膜横、纵向均易撕。
优选地,改性聚酯薄膜的具体制备过程为:将聚丁烯熔融后,在聚酯薄膜表面涂布1mm厚度的聚丁烯,得到改性聚酯薄膜。
优选地,所述阻隔功能层:由改性聚乙烯薄膜组成。
优选地,所述改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备原料包括以下组分:无机氧化物、硅烷偶联剂和乙烯;
优选地,所述无机氧化物为氧化铝或氧化锌;
所述硅烷偶联剂选自A-171(乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷)或Y-4310(乙烯基三过氧化叔丁基硅烷);
优选地,所述改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)取硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入无机氧化物,加热反应,得到改性硅烷偶联剂;
(2)取改性硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入乙烯,通氮气,加入引发剂反应,制得改性聚乙烯薄膜。
优选地,所述无机氧化物的用量为硅烷偶联剂质量的1-5%;优选为3%;
优选地,所述改性硅烷偶联剂的用量为乙烯的5-20%;
优选地,所述引发剂为BPO(过氧化二苯甲酰)或AIBN(偶氮二异丁腈);
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述加热反应为将温度加热到甲苯回流的条件下进行反应;
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述引发反应的条件是:先在60-70℃下反应30-60min,然后再升温至80-90℃反应2-4h。
本发明还提供一种易撕复合膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)印刷:首先,通过印刷机在表面承印层的面上进行印刷处理,印刷一层油墨烘干后形成油墨层;
2)第一次复合:通过干式复合机,在油墨层侧面上涂覆黏合剂后形成黏合剂层,再将阻隔功能层的一面热压复合在该黏合剂层上;
3)第二次复合:通过干式复合机,在热封层一侧面上涂覆上黏合剂后形成黏合剂层,再将阻隔功能层的另一面热压复合在该黏合剂层上,继而对热封层进行翻边处理,并将翻边热压复合在表面承印层上,形成坯膜;
4)熟化:对坯膜在保温加压的条件下进行熟化处理。
进一步的,所述步骤4)的熟化时间为36-48h,熟化温度为38-45℃,加压压力为80-120mpa。
进一步的,所述步骤1)中的印刷处理为凹版里印刷。
进一步的,所述第一次复合的干式复合机的工作速度为100-200m/min,干燥温度为80-90℃,热鼓温度为50-65℃;在第二次复合中,干式复合机速度为50-80m/min,干燥温度为55-80℃,热鼓温度为50-70℃。
与现有技术比,本发明的技术优势在于:
(1)整体上由热封层、阻隔功能层和表面承印层组成,结构简单,而且容易撕开,不需要再次打孔和打易撕口提升撕开性能,使用者可以很好的撕开;
(2)热封层通过掺入有EVA,可以提升茂金属PE的柔软性,使得茂金属PE可以更好的被撕断,而且EVA具有良好的黏合性,可以提升与其它层的粘结效果。
(3)本发明所述表面承印层具有优异的耐热性和良好的抗化学腐蚀性,且使得复合膜的整体更易被撕开。
(4)本发明所述阻隔功能层:提高了无机物在聚合物基体中的分散性,解决了相容性和应力集中的现象,在PE薄膜内均匀分散的“流沙”性,赋予了薄膜很好的易撕裂性。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明进行说明,以使本发明技术方案更易于理解、掌握,但本发明并不局限于此。下述实施例中所述实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所述试剂和材料,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径获得。
基础实施例
一种易撕复合膜,包括热封层、阻隔功能层和表面承印层、胶黏剂层,所述阻隔功能层位于热封层和表面承印层之间,所述热封层和表面承印层均与阻隔功能层复合,所述热封层形成有翻边,所述翻边包裹住阻隔功能层并与表面承印层上表面复合;其中,所述热封层、阻隔功能层和表面承印层分别通过胶黏剂层粘合。
其中,易撕复合膜各层具体组成、参数及相关方法见以下实施例。
实施例1
胶黏剂层由按重量份数配比的聚氨酯胶粘剂6份、硅酸钠3份和双酚A型环氧树脂1份组成;
其中,热封层的厚度为40um;阻隔功能层的厚度为8um;表面承印层的厚度为8um。
胶黏剂的每层厚度为2um;
热封层为茂金属PE和EVA按7:0.2的重量比例的共混改性体;
所述表面承印层为聚酯表面涂布聚丁烯的改性聚酯薄膜,改性聚酯薄膜的具体制备过程为:将聚丁烯熔融后,在聚酯薄膜表面涂布1mm厚度的聚丁烯,得到改性聚酯薄膜。
所述阻隔功能层:由改性聚乙烯薄膜组成。
其中,所述改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备原料包括以下组分:氧化铝、硅烷偶联剂、乙烯;
所述硅烷偶联剂选自A-171(乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷);
改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)取硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入硅烷偶联剂质量3%的氧化铝,将温度加热到甲苯回流的条件下进行反应,得到改性硅烷偶联剂;
(2)取改性硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入乙烯(改性硅烷偶联剂的用量为乙烯的10%),通氮气,加入BPO引发剂先在70℃下反应40min,然后再升温至90℃反应2h,制得改性聚乙烯薄膜。
其中,易撕复合膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)印刷:首先,通过印刷机在表面承印层的面上进行凹版里印刷处理,印刷一层油墨烘干后形成油墨层;
2)第一次复合:通过干式复合机,工作速度为150m/min,干燥温度为85℃,热鼓温度为60℃;在油墨层侧面上涂覆黏合剂后形成黏合剂层,再将阻隔功能层的一面热压复合在该黏合剂层上;
3)第二次复合:通过干式复合机,工作速度为60m/min,干燥温度为60℃,热鼓温度为60℃;在热封层一侧面上涂覆上黏合剂后形成黏合剂层,再将阻隔功能层的另一面热压复合在该黏合剂层上,继而对热封层进行翻边处理,并将翻边热压复合在表面承印层上,形成坯膜;
4)熟化:对坯膜在保温加压的条件下进行熟化处理,熟化时间为40h,熟化温度为40℃,加压压力为100mpa。
实施例2
胶黏剂层由按重量份数配比的聚氨酯胶粘剂4份、硅酸钠2份和双酚A型环氧树脂1份组成;
其中,热封层的厚度为20um;阻隔功能层的厚度为5um;表面承印层的厚度为15um。
胶黏剂的每层厚度为2um;
热封层为茂金属PE和EVA按7:0.1的重量比例的共混改性体;
所述表面承印层为聚酯表面涂布聚丁烯的改性聚酯薄膜,改性聚酯薄膜的具体制备过程为:将聚丁烯熔融后,在聚酯薄膜表面涂布1mm厚度的聚丁烯,得到改性聚酯薄膜。
所述阻隔功能层:由改性聚乙烯薄膜组成。
其中,所述改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备原料包括以下组分:氧化锌、硅烷偶联剂、乙烯;
所述硅烷偶联剂为Y-4310;
改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)取硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入硅烷偶联剂质量1%的氧化锌,将温度加热到甲苯回流的条件下进行反应,得到改性硅烷偶联剂;
(2)取改性硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入乙烯(改性硅烷偶联剂的用量为乙烯的5%),通氮气,加入AIBN引发剂先在60℃下反应30min,然后再升温至80℃反应4h,制得改性聚乙烯薄膜。
其中,易撕复合膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)印刷:首先,通过印刷机在表面承印层的面上进行凹版里印刷处理,印刷一层油墨烘干后形成油墨层;
2)第一次复合:通过干式复合机,工作速度为100m/min,干燥温度为80℃,热鼓温度为50℃;在油墨层侧面上涂覆黏合剂后形成黏合剂层,再将阻隔功能层的一面热压复合在该黏合剂层上;
3)第二次复合:通过干式复合机,工作速度为50m/min,干燥温度为55℃,热鼓温度为50℃;在热封层一侧面上涂覆上黏合剂后形成黏合剂层,再将阻隔功能层的另一面热压复合在该黏合剂层上,继而对热封层进行翻边处理,并将翻边热压复合在表面承印层上,形成坯膜;
4)熟化:对坯膜在保温加压的条件下进行熟化处理,熟化时间为36h,熟化温度为38℃,加压压力为80mpa。
实施例3
胶黏剂层由按重量份数配比的聚氨酯胶粘剂6份、硅酸钠2份和双酚A型环氧树脂2份组成;
其中,热封层的厚度为60um;阻隔功能层的厚度为10um;表面承印层的厚度为10um。
胶黏剂的每层厚度为3um;
热封层为茂金属PE和EVA按7:0.3的重量比例的共混改性体;
所述表面承印层为聚酯表面涂布聚丁烯的改性聚酯薄膜,改性聚酯薄膜的具体制备过程为:将聚丁烯熔融后,在聚酯薄膜表面涂布1mm厚度的聚丁烯,得到改性聚酯薄膜。
所述阻隔功能层:由改性聚乙烯薄膜组成。
其中,所述改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备原料包括以下组分:氧化铝、硅烷偶联剂、乙烯;
所述硅烷偶联剂为A-171(乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷);
改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)取硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入硅烷偶联剂质量5%的氧化铝,将温度加热到甲苯回流的条件下进行反应,得到改性硅烷偶联剂;
(2)取改性硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入乙烯(改性硅烷偶联剂的用量为乙烯的20%),通氮气,加入AIBN引发剂先在70℃下反应60min,然后再升温至80℃反应3h,制得改性聚乙烯薄膜。
其中,易撕复合膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)印刷:首先,通过印刷机在表面承印层的面上进行凹版里印刷处理,印刷一层油墨烘干后形成油墨层;
2)第一次复合:通过干式复合机,工作速度为200m/min,干燥温度为90℃,热鼓温度为65℃;在油墨层侧面上涂覆黏合剂后形成黏合剂层,再将阻隔功能层的一面热压复合在该黏合剂层上;
3)第二次复合:通过干式复合机,工作速度为80m/min,干燥温度为80℃,热鼓温度为70℃;在热封层一侧面上涂覆上黏合剂后形成黏合剂层,再将阻隔功能层的另一面热压复合在该黏合剂层上,继而对热封层进行翻边处理,并将翻边热压复合在表面承印层上,形成坯膜;
4)熟化:对坯膜在保温加压的条件下进行熟化处理,熟化时间为48h,熟化温度为45℃,加压压力为120mpa。
对比例1
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于胶黏剂层的组成不同。
其中,胶黏剂层由按重量份数配比的聚氨酯胶粘剂2份、硅酸钠3份和双酚A型环氧树脂1份组成。其余层组成及厚度同实施例1;易撕复合膜的制备方法,步骤同实施例1。
对比例2
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于阻隔功能层不同,为聚乙烯薄膜。
所述阻隔功能层:由聚乙烯薄膜组成。其余层组成及厚度同实施例1;易撕复合膜的制备方法,步骤同实施例1。
对比例3
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于改性聚乙烯薄膜组成不同。
其余层组成及厚度同实施例1;易撕复合膜的制备方法,步骤同实施例1。
所述阻隔功能层:由改性聚乙烯薄膜组成。
其中,所述改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备原料包括以下组分:氧化铁、硅烷偶联剂、乙烯;
所述硅烷偶联剂选自A-171(乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷);
改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)取硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入硅烷偶联剂质量3%的氧化铁,将温度加热到甲苯回流的条件下进行反应,得到改性硅烷偶联剂;
(2)取改性硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入乙烯(改性硅烷偶联剂的用量为乙烯的10%),通氮气,加入BPO引发剂先在70℃下反应40min,然后再升温至90℃反应2h,制得改性聚乙烯薄膜。
对比例4
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备过程不同。
其余层组成及厚度同实施例1;易撕复合膜的制备方法,步骤同实施例1。
阻隔功能层由改性聚乙烯薄膜组成,其中,所述改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备原料包括以下组分:氧化铝、硅烷偶联剂、乙烯;所述硅烷偶联剂选自A-171(乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷);
改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)取硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入硅烷偶联剂质量3%的氧化铝,将温度加热到甲苯回流的条件下进行反应,得到改性硅烷偶联剂;
(2)取改性硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入乙烯(改性硅烷偶联剂的用量为乙烯的10%),通氮气,加入BPO引发剂先在90℃下反应3h,制得改性聚乙烯薄膜。
对比例5
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备过程不同。
其余层组成及厚度同实施例1;易撕复合膜的制备方法,步骤同实施例1。
阻隔功能层由改性聚乙烯薄膜组成,其中,所述改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备原料包括以下组分:氧化铝、硅烷偶联剂、乙烯;所述硅烷偶联剂选自A-171(乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷);
改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)取硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入硅烷偶联剂质量10%的氧化铝,将温度加热到甲苯回流的条件下进行反应,得到改性硅烷偶联剂;
(2)取改性硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入乙烯(改性硅烷偶联剂的用量为乙烯的10%),通氮气,加入BPO引发剂先在70℃下反应40min,然后再升温至90℃反应2h,制得改性聚乙烯薄膜。
对比例6
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于表面承印层不同,为未经聚丁烯改性的聚酯层。
其余层组成及厚度同实施例1;易撕复合膜的制备方法,步骤同实施例1。
效果例-撕裂强度效果测试
使用Elmendorf法,测定实施例1-3及对比例1-5各组复合膜的撕裂强度(测定层数为4层)。同时,将实施例1-3及对比例1-5制备成的易撕复合膜用于果冻盖膜中,使用拉力计,角度为45度,测试速度250mm/min,测量盖膜开始剥离时的最大起剥力,结果见表1。
表1撕裂强度的效果数据
试验组 撕裂强度/(N/15mm) 起剥力/N
实施例1 1.5 7.3
实施例2 1.6 7.5
实施例3 1.4 7.6
对比例1 3.1 11.1
对比例2 2.9 12.6
对比例3 3.2 9.3
对比例4 2.2 8.9
对比例5 2.3 9.7
对比例6 2.7 14.6
由此可知,本发明提供的复合膜具有较好的易撕性,同时,其组成结构、组分及其制备方法对其易撕性能具有较重要的影响。
上述详细说明是针对本发明其中之一可行实施例的具体说明,该实施例并非用以限制本发明的专利范围,凡未脱离本发明所为的等效实施或变更,均应包含于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种易撕复合膜,其特征在于,包括热封层、阻隔功能层和表面承印层、胶黏剂层,所述阻隔功能层位于热封层和表面承印层之间,所述热封层和表面承印层均与阻隔功能层复合,所述热封层形成有翻边,所述翻边包裹住阻隔功能层并与表面承印层上表面复合;其中,所述热封层、阻隔功能层和表面承印层分别通过胶黏剂层粘合;所述阻隔功能层:由改性聚乙烯薄膜组成;所述表面承印层:由改性聚酯薄膜组成。
2.如权利要求1所述的易撕复合膜,其特征在于,所述胶黏剂层由按重量份数配比的聚氨酯胶粘剂4-6份、硅酸钠2-3份和双酚A型环氧树脂1-2份组成。
3.如权利要求1所述的易撕复合膜,其特征在于,
所述热封层的厚度为20-60um;所述阻隔功能层的厚度为5-10um;所述表面承印层的厚度为10-15um;所述胶黏剂的每层厚度为2-3um。
4.如权利要求1所述的易撕复合膜,其特征在于,所述热封层为茂金属PE和EVA按7:0.1-0.3的重量比例的共混改性体。
5.如权利要求1所述的易撕复合膜,其特征在于,所述表面承印层为聚酯表面涂布聚丁烯的改性聚酯薄膜。
6.如权利要求1所述的易撕复合膜,其特征在于,所述改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备原料包括以下组分:无机氧化物、硅烷偶联剂和乙烯。
7.如权利要求6所述的易撕复合膜,其特征在于,所述无机氧化物为氧化铝或氧化锌;所述硅烷偶联剂选自A-171或Y-4310。
8.如权利要求1所述的易撕复合膜,其特征在于,所述改性聚乙烯薄膜的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)取硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入无机氧化物,加热反应,得到改性硅烷偶联剂;
(2)取改性硅烷偶联剂溶于甲苯中,加入乙烯,通氮气,加入引发剂反应,制得改性聚乙烯薄膜。
9.如权利要求6所述的易撕复合膜,其特征在于,所述无机氧化物的用量为硅烷偶联剂质量的1-5%;优选为3%;所述改性硅烷偶联剂的用量为乙烯的5-20%。
10.如权利要求1-9任一所述的易撕复合膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)印刷:首先,通过印刷机在表面承印层的面上进行印刷处理,印刷一层油墨烘干后形成油墨层;
2)第一次复合:通过干式复合机,在油墨层侧面上涂覆黏合剂后形成黏合剂层,再将阻隔功能层的一面热压复合在该黏合剂层上;
3)第二次复合:通过干式复合机,在热封层一侧面上涂覆上黏合剂后形成黏合剂层,再将阻隔功能层的另一面热压复合在该黏合剂层上,继而对热封层进行翻边处理,并将翻边热压复合在表面承印层上,形成坯膜;
4)熟化:对坯膜在保温加压的条件下进行熟化处理。
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