CN111441173A - 一种玻纤滤材改性剂、制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

一种玻纤滤材改性剂、制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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CN111441173A
CN111441173A CN202010270219.9A CN202010270219A CN111441173A CN 111441173 A CN111441173 A CN 111441173A CN 202010270219 A CN202010270219 A CN 202010270219A CN 111441173 A CN111441173 A CN 111441173A
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glass fiber
acrylic resin
agent
modifier
filter material
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吴耀春
钱慧
杨超
姚嘉兰
石玉强
李建
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Nanjing Fiberglass Research and Design Institute Co Ltd
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Nanjing Fiberglass Research and Design Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及过滤及分离技术领域，公开了一种玻纤滤材改性剂、制备方法及其应用，所述改性剂的固含物占所述改性剂总质量的6.7～23％，余量为水；所述固含物包括：丙烯酸树脂50～150重量份；交联剂17～80重量份。本发明在丙烯酸树脂中添加交联剂进行改性，经固化后形成网络结构的致密膜，将玻璃纤维与外界环境隔开，从而降低水介质对玻璃纤维的侵蚀，有效抑制SiO2的析出，提高了滤材的使用寿命；同时，在丙烯酸树脂中加入交联剂，提高丙烯酸树脂分子量，封闭亲水基团，使树脂的耐水性、耐溶剂性能大幅提高，还可以降低树脂对温度的敏感性，有效避免致密膜的脱落，进一步提高玻纤滤材对SiO2的抗浸出性。

Description

一种玻纤滤材改性剂、制备方法及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及过滤及分离技术领域，具体涉及一种玻纤滤材改性剂、制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
玻璃纤维具有较细的直径、优异的尺寸稳定性、不易变形、不粘附、化学稳定性好等优良特性，其形成的玻璃纤维滤材具有极高的过滤效率和较低的阻力，因而广泛应用于流体的过滤中，并在众多过滤分离材料中占据不可撼动的地位。然而，玻璃纤维的主要成分是SiO2，主体骨架为[SiO2]4形成的网络结构，其比表面积非常大，亦即表面未断裂Si-O-Si键和断裂Si-O-Si十分巨大，表现为极易吸附水分子，在水介质中容易析出SiO2，并且高温条件还会进一步加速SiO2的析出。SiO2的析出，不仅会污染水质，还会改变玻璃纤维表面原来的结构和性质，进而影响其过滤效果，严重缩短滤材的使用寿命。
为此，现有技术公开了一种滤材的改性方法，该方法采用聚丙烯酰胺类聚合物水溶液处理滤材，然后将滤材置于烘箱中烘干，以使滤材上的聚合物交联，再对滤材进行洗涤、烘干，即得。采用该方法对滤材进行表面改性，有效提高了滤材对SiO2的抗浸出性，然而，聚丙烯酰胺类聚合物在加热条件下交联程度不高，无法使玻璃纤维表面形成致密膜而将玻璃纤维与外界环境隔离，进而阻止SiO2析出。
发明内容
因此，本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有的玻纤滤材改性方法无法使玻璃纤维表面形成将玻璃纤维与外界环境隔离的致密膜，导致无法阻止SiO2析出的缺陷，从而提供一种玻纤滤材改性剂。同时，本发明还提供了所述改性剂的制备方法及其应用。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种玻纤滤材改性剂，所述改性剂的固含物占所述改性剂总质量的6.7～23％，余量为水；所述固含物包括如下重量份的原料：
丙烯酸树脂50～150份；交联剂17～80份。
进一步地，所述丙烯酸树脂为水性丙烯酸树脂，选自纯丙树脂、苯丙树脂、环氧改性苯丙树脂、有机氟改性苯丙树脂、有机硅改性苯丙树脂、醋丙树脂、叔丙树脂和硅丙树脂中的至少一种。
进一步地，所述交联剂选自氮丙啶类交联剂、聚碳化二亚胺类交联剂、水性异氰酸酯类交联剂、水性恶唑啉交联剂、环氧硅烷类交联剂、金属离子交联剂和环氧树脂交联剂中的至少一种。
进一步地，所述固含物还包括如下重量份的原料：
偶联剂1.5～9份；分散剂1～5份；润湿剂0.4～4份；消泡剂0.1～2份。
更进一步地，所述偶联剂选自有机金属络合物偶联剂、硅烷偶联剂和钛酸酯偶联剂中的至少一种；
所述分散剂选自聚丙烯酸钠、聚乙二醇型多元醇、聚乙烯亚胺衍生物、烷基酚聚醚磷酸酯和芳基酚聚醚磷酸酯中的至少一种；
所述润湿剂选自辛基酚乙氧基化合物润湿剂、炔二醇类润湿剂和异构脂肪醇醚润湿剂中的至少一种；
所述消泡剂选自聚丙烯酸脂、聚二甲基硅氧烷和聚醚改性聚硅氧烷中的至少一种。
进一步地，所述固含物还包括聚氨酯树脂30～150份。
更进一步地，所述聚氨酯树脂为水性聚氨酯树脂，选自选自磺酸型聚氨酯树脂、羧酸型聚氨酯树脂、铵离子聚氨酯树脂、锍离子聚氨酯树脂和非离子型聚氨酯树脂中的至少一种。
本发明还提供了上述玻纤滤材改性剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
将所述丙烯酸树脂和所述交联剂充分分散于所述去离子水中，即得所述玻纤滤材表面改性剂。
进一步地，所述制备方法还包括提前向一部分水中加入偶联剂制备偶联剂预处理液的步骤；然后将所述偶联剂预处理液和剩余固含物原料分散于剩余的水中，制得所述玻纤滤材改性剂。
本发明还提供了上述玻纤滤材改性剂或根据上述制备方法得到的玻纤滤材改性剂在玻纤滤材表面改性处理中的应用。。
本发明中，所述固含物是指玻纤滤材改性剂中的固体物质，若该组分是以分散体系形式存在的，其对应的固含物是指该组分烘干后的剩余部分。
本发明的技术方案，具有如下优点：
1.本发明提供的玻纤滤材改性剂，固含物包括丙烯酸树脂和交联剂，本发明在丙烯酸树脂中添加交联剂进行改性，经固化后形成网络结构的致密膜，将玻璃纤维与外界环境隔开，从而降低水介质对玻璃纤维的侵蚀，有效抑制SiO2的析出，提高了滤材的使用寿命；同时，在丙烯酸树脂中加入交联剂，可以提高丙烯酸树脂分子量，封闭亲水基团，使树脂的耐水性、耐溶剂性能大幅提高，同时还可以降低树脂对温度的敏感性，有效避免致密膜的脱落，进一步提高了玻纤滤材对SiO2的抗浸出性。
2.本发明提供的玻纤滤材改性剂，包括特定的丙烯酸树脂和交联剂，所述交联剂与所述丙烯酸树脂发生交联反应，不仅可获得立体网状结构的致密膜，而且还可提高该致密膜对玻纤滤材表面的附着力。
3.本发明提供的玻纤滤材改性剂，还包括偶联剂、分散剂、润湿剂及消泡剂成分，所述偶联剂将丙烯酸树脂与玻璃纤维有效结合起来，使两者很好地粘结在一起，进一步阻止外界水环境对玻璃纤维表面的侵蚀，降低SiO2的析出；所述润湿剂促进了丙烯酸树脂与玻璃纤维的接触，有助于改善所述改性剂的表面张力和渗透性，使其更好地润湿玻璃纤维，从而提高改性剂在玻纤滤材表面的附着力。
4.本发明提供的玻纤滤材改性剂，还包括聚氨酯树脂，其可改善玻纤滤材的柔韧性，防止在加工过程中出现破损。
5.本发明提供的玻纤滤材改性剂的制备方法，所述方法先对偶联剂进行水解，然后将其与其它组分分散于去离子水中，制备工艺简单易行，对设备性能及操作人员无任何特殊要求，溶剂为去离子水，绿色无二次污染，有利于规模化批量生产。
6.本发明提供的玻纤滤材改性剂的应用，可以将所述改性剂以浆外施胶的方式直接涂布于玻纤滤材表面，施胶过程简单易行，应用性强。将本发明的改性剂涂布与滤材表面，可大大降低玻纤滤材对SiO2的抗浸出性。
具体实施方式
提供下述实施例是为了更好地进一步理解本发明，并不局限于所述最佳实施方式，不对本发明的内容和保护范围构成限制，任何人在本发明的启示下或是将本发明与其他现有技术的特征进行组合而得出的任何与本发明相同或相近似的产品，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例中未注明具体实验步骤或条件者，按照本领域内的文献所描述的常规实验步骤的操作或条件即可进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市购获得的常规试剂产品。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种玻纤滤材改性剂，其原料组成为：
纯丙树脂75g；有机氟改性苯丙树脂75g；羧酸型聚氨酯树脂30g；聚碳化二亚胺50g；三(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙烯基硅烷偶联剂4.17g；γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂0.83g；聚乙二醇型多元醇2g；辛基酚乙氧基化合物1.67g；异构脂肪醇醚润湿剂0.83g；聚二甲基硅氧烷0.5g；去离子水760g。
采用上述原料组成的玻纤滤材改性剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将1/2体积的去离子水加入第一容器中，再依次加入纯丙树脂、有机氟改性苯丙树脂和羧酸型聚氨酯树脂，在250r/min的转速下搅拌，至体系混合均匀；
(2)向第二容器中加入剩余的去离子水，用草酸调节pH值至2，在200r/min的转速下加入三(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙烯基硅烷偶联剂和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂，搅拌20min，得到偶联剂预处理液；
(3)将步骤(2)得到的偶联剂预处理液加入步骤(1)的混合体系中，再依次加入原料组成中的其它成分，以250r/min的转速搅拌，至体系分散均匀，即得所述改性剂。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种玻纤滤材改性剂，其原料组成为：
硅丙树脂28.57g；环氧改性苯丙树脂71.43g；非离子性聚氨酯树脂150g；氮丙啶40g；水性异氰酸酯40g；钛酸酯偶联剂311W 9g；聚丙烯酸钠5g；炔二醇类润湿剂4g；聚醚改性聚硅氧烷2g；去离子水650g。
采用上述原料组成的玻纤滤材改性剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将1/3体积的去离子水加入第一容器中，再依次加入硅丙树脂、环氧改性苯丙树脂和非离子性聚氨酯树脂，在100r/min的转速下搅拌，至体系混合均匀；
(2)向第二容器中加入剩余的去离子水，在500r/min的转速下加入钛酸酯偶联剂311W，搅拌5min，得到偶联剂预处理液；
(3)将步骤(2)得到的偶联剂预处理液加入步骤(1)的混合体系中，再依次加入原料组成中的其它成分，以500r/min的转速搅拌，至体系分散均匀，即得所述改性剂。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种玻纤滤材改性剂，其原料组成为：
叔丙树脂50g；铵离子聚氨酯树脂36g；锍离子聚氨酯树脂54g；水性恶唑啉交联剂17g；γ―(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷偶联剂1.13g；γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷偶联剂0.37g；烷基酚聚醚磷酸酯1g；异构脂肪醇醚润湿剂0.4g；聚二甲基硅氧烷0.1g；去离子水840g。
采用上述原料组成的玻纤滤材改性剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将2/3体积的去离子水加入第一容器中，再依次加入叔丙树脂、铵离子聚氨酯树脂和锍离子聚氨酯树脂，在500r/min的转速下搅拌，至体系混合均匀；
(2)向第二容器中加入剩余的去离子水，用柠檬酸调节pH值至3.5，在100r/min的转速下加入γ―(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷偶联剂和γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷偶联剂，搅拌30min，得到偶联剂预处理液；
(3)将步骤(2)得到的偶联剂预处理液加入步骤(1)的混合体系中，再依次加入原料组成中的其它成分，以100r/min的转速搅拌，至体系分散均匀，即得所述改性剂。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种玻纤滤材改性剂，其原料组成为：
纯丙树脂75g；有机氟改性苯丙树脂75g；聚碳化二亚胺50g；去离子水800g。
采用上述原料组成的玻纤滤材改性剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
将去离子水加入容器中，再依次加入纯丙树脂和有机氟改性苯丙树脂，在250r/min的转速下搅拌，至体系混合均匀，即得所述改性剂。
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种玻纤滤材改性剂，其原料组成为：
纯丙树脂75g；有机氟改性苯丙树脂75g；聚碳化二亚胺50g；三(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙烯基硅烷偶联剂4.17g；γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂0.83g；聚乙二醇型多元醇2g；辛基酚乙氧基化合物1.67g；异构脂肪醇醚润湿剂0.83g；聚二甲基硅氧烷0.5g；去离子水790g。采用上述原料组成的玻纤滤材改性剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将1/2体积的去离子水加入第一容器中，再依次加入纯丙树脂和有机氟改性苯丙树脂，在250r/min的转速下搅拌，至体系混合均匀；
(2)向第二容器中加入剩余的去离子水，用草酸调节pH值至2，在200r/min的转速下加入三(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙烯基硅烷偶联剂和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂，搅拌20min，得到偶联剂预处理液；
(3)将步骤(2)得到的偶联剂预处理液加入步骤(1)的混合体系中，再依次加入原料组成中的其它成分，以250r/min的转速搅拌，至体系分散均匀，即得所述改性剂。
实验例
以浆外施胶的方式，分别将本发明实施例1-5以及市购丙烯酸乳液(产品牌号：塞拉尼斯Vinamul 8298)单独作为改性剂浸渍市购玻纤滤材(由中材科技股份有限公司提供)，得到改性玻纤滤材。分别对改性玻纤滤材进行SiO2析出量、抗张强度及对水体中1μm尺寸固体颗粒的过滤效率测定，测定方法具体如下：
SiO2析出量按照SL91.2-1994《二氧化硅(可溶性)的测定(硅钼蓝分光光度法)》测定；
抗张强度按照GB/T 12914-2008《纸和纸板抗张强度的测定》的规定测定；
过滤效率按照EN 13443-2-2007《建筑物内水调节设备机械过滤器.第2部分:颗粒额定值1μm到80μm(不含80μm).性能、安全和测试要求》测定。
测试结果详见下表1和2所示。
表1不同改性玻纤滤材SiO2析出量测试结果
Figure BDA0002442893700000091
表2不同改性玻纤滤材SiO2抗张强度和过滤效率测试结果
Figure BDA0002442893700000092
Figure BDA0002442893700000101
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (10)

1.一种玻纤滤材改性剂，其特征在于，所述改性剂的固含物占所述改性剂总质量的6.7～23％，余量为水；所述固含物包括如下重量份的原料：
丙烯酸树脂50～150份；交联剂17～80份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的改性剂，其特征在于，所述丙烯酸树脂为水性丙烯酸树脂，选自纯丙树脂、苯丙树脂、环氧改性苯丙树脂、有机氟改性苯丙树脂、有机硅改性苯丙树脂、醋丙树脂、叔丙树脂和硅丙树脂中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的改性剂，其特征在于，所述交联剂选自氮丙啶类交联剂、聚碳化二亚胺类交联剂、水性异氰酸酯类交联剂、水性恶唑啉交联剂、环氧硅烷类交联剂、金属离子交联剂和环氧树脂交联剂中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的改性剂，其特征在于，所述固含物还包括如下重量份的原料：
偶联剂1.5～9份；分散剂1～5份；润湿剂0.4～4份；消泡剂0.1～2份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的改性剂，其特征在于，所述偶联剂选自有机金属络合物偶联剂、硅烷偶联剂和钛酸酯偶联剂中的至少一种；
所述分散剂选自聚丙烯酸钠、聚乙二醇型多元醇、聚乙烯亚胺衍生物、烷基酚聚醚磷酸酯和芳基酚聚醚磷酸酯中的至少一种；
所述润湿剂选自辛基酚乙氧基化合物润湿剂、炔二醇类润湿剂和异构脂肪醇醚润湿剂中的至少一种；
所述消泡剂选自聚丙烯酸脂、聚二甲基硅氧烷和聚醚改性聚硅氧烷中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一所述的改性剂，其特征在于，所述固含物还包括聚氨酯树脂30～150份。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一所述的活性剂，其特征在于，所述聚氨酯树脂为水性聚氨酯树脂，选自选自磺酸型聚氨酯树脂、羧酸型聚氨酯树脂、铵离子聚氨酯树脂、锍离子聚氨酯树脂和非离子型聚氨酯树脂中的至少一种。
8.一种权利要求1-7任一所述的玻纤滤材改性剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
将所述丙烯酸树脂和所述交联剂分散于水中，即得所述玻纤滤材改性剂。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法，其特征在于，还包括提前向一部分水中加入偶联剂制备偶联剂预处理液的步骤；然后将所述偶联剂预处理液和剩余固含物原料分散于剩余的水中，制得所述玻纤滤材改性剂。
10.一种权利要求1-7任一所述的玻纤滤材改性剂或根据权利要求8或9所述的制备方法得到的玻纤滤材改性剂在玻纤滤材表面改性处理中的应用。
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