CN111436538A - Mixed feed for producing dairy cow rich in phytanic acid milk and production process thereof - Google Patents
Mixed feed for producing dairy cow rich in phytanic acid milk and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of dairy cow feed production, in particular to a dairy cow full mixed feed rich in phytanic acid milk and a production process thereof, wherein the production process comprises the following steps: s1, smashing ryegrass silage, corn silage, oat hay, alfalfa hay and beet of the mixed feed in a smashing machine according to the formula, preparing a mixture according to the mixing proportion of the feed, putting the raw materials of the mixed feed into a feed stirring machine, cutting and mixing uniformly, and mixing to obtain a mixture; s2, mixing the coarse material mixture prepared in the S1 with calcium carbonate and vitamins, and uniformly stirring to prepare a coarse material mixture; and S3, mixing the concentrated feed and the mixture obtained in the step S2 in a TMR (total mixed ration) mixer, and adding salt for seasoning during the mixing process to prepare the fully mixed feed which is uniformly mixed. The phytol resource in the pasture is fully preserved, and compared with the traditional daily ration, the phytol content in the daily ration is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dairy cow feed production, in particular to a fully mixed feed for producing dairy cows rich in phytanic acid milk and a production process thereof.
Background
Greenfeed is an important food source for ruminants, containing abundant chlorophyll, lutein, β -carotene, proteins, and unsaturated fatty acids, which affect the nutritional metabolism and organoleptic properties of ruminants after ingestion by the animal.
After ruminants eat greenish feed, chlorophyll phytol groups of chlorophyll metabolize into Phytanic acid (3, 7, 11, 15-tetramethylhexadecanoic acid) after being released in the rumen, and are metabolized by the body and present in dairy and meat products. Since the main precursor of phytanic acid is phytol group in chlorophyll, the content of phytoacid in ruminant products is closely related to the content of ingested chlorophyll or phytol group.
Phytanic acid is a natural ligand, is an activator of peroxidase active receptor, has functions of resisting fatty acid oxidation and the like, and can not only reduce the risk of certain types of cancers, but also prevent certain metabolic syndromes. Phytanic acid has also recently been shown to have potential in improving T cell mediated effects and preventing autoimmune diseases. More functions of phytanic acid are gradually discovered, and phytanic acid becomes a novel functional fatty acid which is regarded as important. Reports indicate that the expression of PPARr mRNA of fat cells can be obviously improved after the phytanic acid is added into the bovine fat cells, which indicates that the phytanic acid can activate PPARr and further can regulate lipid and sugar metabolism, and some reports also indicate that more phytanic acid exists in the liver of ruminants. In rat hepatocyte experiments, the gene expression of phytanic acid participating in glucose metabolism through PPAR subtype regulation is proved, the potential effect of phytanic acid in insulin resistance management is shown, and the phytanic acid is considered to have obvious effect on relieving the lifestyle-related diseases such as fatty liver and obesity. It is noteworthy that phytanic acid in humans is derived almost exclusively from ruminant products, such as dairy products, meat products, which cannot be synthesized in mammals. The ingestion of phytanic acid rich ruminant products has positive implications for human health.
At present, the formula of the domestic full mixed feed for the dairy cows mostly takes basic nutritional ingredients as a proportioning standard, and the feeding of the formula can not produce milk with high added value; the coarse feed part of the domestic total mixed ration mostly takes silage corns as a main body, and although the corns have high energy and are one of indispensable components, the corns have low additional value and are not beneficial to producing milk with high additional value; most of the common high-added-value milk in the market is produced by adding active microorganisms or functional ingredients, which causes high cost and high price of fresh milk or dairy products.
In our previous studies, it has been found that chlorophyll is almost completely preserved in phytol, although 80% of it is decomposed after ensiling, in pasture grasses, which suggests that we can effectively preserve phytol resources in silage. In a feeding experiment in germany, it was shown that feeding 80% silage can significantly increase phytanic acid content in milk, but in the milk production process of large-scale feeding of cows, almost complete mixed feed (TMR) is fed, but until now, no TMR formulation concerns the added value in milk. Therefore, through the earlier exploration of a plurality of experiments such as pasture cultivation, production, feed preparation, dairy cattle raising and the like, a dairy cattle TMR formula capable of effectively improving the phytanic acid content in milk is finally developed.
Therefore, we propose a complete mixed feed for dairy cows, which is rich in phytanic acid milk, and a production process thereof to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a complete mixed feed for dairy cows, which is rich in phytanic acid milk, and a production process thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a complete mixed feed for producing dairy cows rich in phytanic acid milk, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage: 20.4% of ryegrass silage, 9.5% of corn silage, 7.1% of oat hay, 12.7% of alfalfa hay, 6.9% of beet, 41% of concentrated feed, 1% of calcium carbonate, 1% of vitamin and 0.4% of salt.
A production process for producing a cow full mixed feed rich in phytanic acid milk comprises the following steps:
s1, smashing ryegrass silage, corn silage, oat hay, alfalfa hay and beet of the mixed feed in a smashing machine according to the formula, preparing a mixture according to the mixing proportion of the feed, putting the raw materials of the mixed feed into a feed stirring machine, cutting and mixing uniformly, and mixing to obtain a mixture;
s2, mixing the coarse material mixture prepared in the S1 with calcium carbonate and vitamins, and uniformly stirring to prepare a coarse material mixture;
and S3, mixing the concentrated feed and the mixture obtained in the step S2 in a TMR (total mixed ration) mixer, and adding salt for seasoning during the mixing process to prepare the fully mixed feed which is uniformly mixed.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the coarse material mixture in the S2 to the concentrated feed is selected to be 5:5 or 6: 4.
Preferably, the cultivation method for ryegrass ensiling in S1 comprises the following steps: before the pasture is sowed, applying 30-40 tons of fertilizer per hectare in the field, and applying 55-60 tons of fertilizer per hectare in the field.
Preferably, the fertilizer is compost fermented from cow dung.
Preferably, the harvesting method of ryegrass ensiling in S1 comprises the following steps: the pasture is harvested in the heading period, and is naturally pre-dried for about 6 hours and directly baled and ensiled after being harvested in the morning, lactic acid bacteria can be added, and the addition amount is generally 5 mg/kg.
Preferably, the TMR modulation in S3 uses: the mixed TMR daily ration is prepared every day, the ryegrass silage needs to be used up every day after being opened and sealed, and the silage is unsealed according to the actual daily required quantity.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention mainly aims to utilize the chlorophyll value of plants, the active effects of chlorophyll and phytol on animal organisms and animal products are proved through the existing research, the potential value of the chlorophyll is discovered by focusing on the chlorophyll resource, the potential value is utilized to the maximum extent in the milk production process, and the milk products with high quality and high added value and having the active effects on human health are produced.
2. The invention fully preserves phytol resources in the pasture, and improves the phytol content in the daily ration compared with the traditional daily ration.
3. According to the invention, the phytanic acid content in the milk is obviously increased and the added value of the milk is improved when the dairy cow is fed by the formula, so that the formula has positive significance to animal organisms.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
Examples
The invention provides a complete mixed feed for producing dairy cows rich in phytanic acid milk, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage: 20.4% of ryegrass silage, 9.5% of corn silage, 7.1% of oat hay, 12.7% of alfalfa hay, 6.9% of beet, 41% of concentrated feed, 1% of calcium carbonate, 1% of vitamin and 0.4% of salt.
A production process for producing a cow full mixed feed rich in phytanic acid milk comprises the following steps:
s1, smashing ryegrass silage, corn silage, oat hay, alfalfa hay and beet of the mixed feed in a smashing machine according to the formula, preparing a mixture according to the mixing proportion of the feed, putting the raw materials of the mixed feed into a feed stirring machine, cutting and mixing uniformly, and mixing to obtain a mixture;
s2, mixing the coarse material mixture prepared in the S1 with calcium carbonate and vitamins, and uniformly stirring to prepare a coarse material mixture;
s3, mixing the concentrated feed and the mixture in the S2 in a TMR mixer, adding salt for seasoning during the stirring process, and preparing the fully mixed feed which is uniformly mixed, wherein the mixing ratio of the coarse material mixture to the concentrated feed is 3: 7.
The cultivation method of the ryegrass silage comprises the following steps: before the pasture is sown, applying fertilizers of 30-40 tons/hectare in the field respectively, applying fertilizers of 55-60 tons/hectare with fertilizers, wherein the fertilizers are composts formed by fermenting cow dung;
the harvesting method of the ryegrass silage comprises the following steps: the pasture is harvested in the heading period, and after the pasture is harvested in the morning, the pasture is naturally pre-dried for about 6 hours and then directly baled and stored, lactic acid bacteria can be added, and the addition amount is generally 5 mg/kg;
the mixed TMR daily ration is prepared every day, the ryegrass silage needs to be used up every day after being opened and sealed, and the silage is unsealed according to the actual daily required quantity.
Example two
The invention provides a complete mixed feed for producing dairy cows rich in phytanic acid milk, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage: 20.4% of ryegrass silage, 9.5% of corn silage, 7.1% of oat hay, 12.7% of alfalfa hay, 6.9% of beet, 41% of concentrated feed, 1% of calcium carbonate, 1% of vitamin and 0.4% of salt.
A production process for producing a cow full mixed feed rich in phytanic acid milk comprises the following steps:
s1, smashing ryegrass silage, corn silage, oat hay, alfalfa hay and beet of the mixed feed in a smashing machine according to the formula, preparing a mixture according to the mixing proportion of the feed, putting the raw materials of the mixed feed into a feed stirring machine, cutting and mixing uniformly, and mixing to obtain a mixture;
s2, mixing the coarse material mixture prepared in the S1 with calcium carbonate and vitamins, and uniformly stirring to prepare a coarse material mixture;
s3, mixing the concentrated feed and the mixture in the S2 in a TMR mixer, adding salt for seasoning during the stirring process, and preparing the fully mixed feed which is uniformly mixed, wherein the mixing ratio of the coarse material mixture to the concentrated feed is 4: 6.
The cultivation method of the ryegrass silage comprises the following steps: before the pasture is sown, applying fertilizers of 30-40 tons/hectare in the field respectively, applying fertilizers of 55-60 tons/hectare with fertilizers, wherein the fertilizers are composts formed by fermenting cow dung;
the harvesting method of the ryegrass silage comprises the following steps: the pasture is harvested in the heading period, and after the pasture is harvested in the morning, the pasture is naturally pre-dried for about 6 hours and then directly baled and stored, lactic acid bacteria can be added, and the addition amount is generally 5 mg/kg;
the mixed TMR daily ration is prepared every day, the ryegrass silage needs to be used up every day after being opened and sealed, and the silage is unsealed according to the actual daily required quantity.
EXAMPLE III
The invention provides a complete mixed feed for producing dairy cows rich in phytanic acid milk, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage: 20.4% of ryegrass silage, 9.5% of corn silage, 7.1% of oat hay, 12.7% of alfalfa hay, 6.9% of beet, 41% of concentrated feed, 1% of calcium carbonate, 1% of vitamin and 0.4% of salt.
A production process for producing a cow full mixed feed rich in phytanic acid milk comprises the following steps:
s1, smashing ryegrass silage, corn silage, oat hay, alfalfa hay and beet of the mixed feed in a smashing machine according to the formula, preparing a mixture according to the mixing proportion of the feed, putting the raw materials of the mixed feed into a feed stirring machine, cutting and mixing uniformly, and mixing to obtain a mixture;
s2, mixing the coarse material mixture prepared in the S1 with calcium carbonate and vitamins, and uniformly stirring to prepare a coarse material mixture;
s3, mixing the concentrated feed and the mixture in the S2 in a TMR mixer, adding salt for seasoning during the stirring process, and preparing the fully mixed feed which is uniformly mixed, wherein the mixing ratio of the coarse material mixture to the concentrated feed is 7: 3.
The cultivation method of the ryegrass silage comprises the following steps: before the pasture is sown, applying fertilizers of 30-40 tons/hectare in the field respectively, applying fertilizers of 55-60 tons/hectare with fertilizers, wherein the fertilizers are composts formed by fermenting cow dung;
the harvesting method of the ryegrass silage comprises the following steps: the pasture is harvested in the heading period, and after the pasture is harvested in the morning, the pasture is naturally pre-dried for about 6 hours and then directly baled and stored, lactic acid bacteria can be added, and the addition amount is generally 5 mg/kg;
the mixed TMR daily ration is prepared every day, the ryegrass silage needs to be used up every day after being opened and sealed, and the silage is unsealed according to the actual daily required quantity.
Comparative example 1
The invention provides a complete mixed feed for producing dairy cows rich in phytanic acid milk, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage: 20.4% of ryegrass silage, 9.5% of corn silage, 7.1% of oat hay, 12.7% of alfalfa hay, 6.9% of beet, 41% of concentrated feed, 1% of calcium carbonate, 1% of vitamin and 0.4% of salt.
A production process for producing a cow full mixed feed rich in phytanic acid milk comprises the following steps:
s1, smashing ryegrass silage, corn silage, oat hay, alfalfa hay and beet of the mixed feed in a smashing machine according to the formula, preparing a mixture according to the mixing proportion of the feed, putting the raw materials of the mixed feed into a feed stirring machine, cutting and mixing uniformly, and mixing to obtain a mixture;
s2, mixing the coarse material mixture prepared in the S1 with calcium carbonate and vitamins, and uniformly stirring to prepare a coarse material mixture;
s3, mixing the concentrated feed and the mixture in the S2 in a TMR mixer, adding salt for seasoning during the stirring process, and preparing the fully mixed feed which is uniformly mixed, wherein the mixing ratio of the coarse material mixture to the concentrated feed is 5: 5.
Comparative example No. two
The invention provides a complete mixed feed for producing dairy cows rich in phytanic acid milk, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage: 20.4% of ryegrass silage, 9.5% of corn silage, 7.1% of oat hay, 12.7% of alfalfa hay, 6.9% of beet, 41% of concentrated feed, 1% of calcium carbonate, 1% of vitamin and 0.4% of salt.
A production process for producing a cow full mixed feed rich in phytanic acid milk comprises the following steps:
s1, smashing ryegrass silage, corn silage, oat hay, alfalfa hay and beet of the mixed feed in a smashing machine according to the formula, preparing a mixture according to the mixing proportion of the feed, putting the raw materials of the mixed feed into a feed stirring machine, cutting and mixing uniformly, and mixing to obtain a mixture;
s2, mixing the coarse material mixture prepared in the S1 with calcium carbonate and vitamins, and uniformly stirring to prepare a coarse material mixture;
s3, mixing the concentrated feed and the mixture in the S2 in a TMR mixer, adding salt for seasoning during the stirring process, and preparing the fully mixed feed which is uniformly mixed, wherein the mixing ratio of the coarse material mixture to the concentrated feed is 6: 4.
For the milk cow full mixed feed prepared according to the mixing ratio of the coarse fodder mixed feed and the concentrated feed in the above examples I to III and the comparative examples I and II, it is concluded that when the feed is mixed according to the mixing ratio of 5:5 or 6:4, the milk produced by the milk cow is beneficial to the generation of phytanic acid;
the phytol in chlorophyll can be well and completely preserved in silage (published paper, L vetal. 2017.2016), and the silage and fresh pasture grass of the same raw material are more beneficial to the generation of phytanic acid (the initial result is published, L v et al, 2016, and the medium result is not published).
The cow feeding experiments were carried out on several formulas, and the feeding sample amount was 21 holstein cows. The results show that the phytanic acid in the milk is obviously higher when the formula is fed, the blood and nutrition are not different from the control, and the milk is better in milk production effect (the formula is not disclosed, the feeding effect data is published, and the formula is 2017 (Japan animal society)).
In a feeding test, a control test is carried out by using a traditional cow total mixed ration formula and the formula, and the test result shows that after the formula is used, the milk yield of cows cannot be influenced, but the phytanic acid content in dairy products is obviously higher than that of a control group and is higher than about 2 times.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The full mixed feed for producing the dairy cows rich in phytanic acid milk is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage: 20.4% of ryegrass silage, 9.5% of corn silage, 7.1% of oat hay, 12.7% of alfalfa hay and 6.9% of beet;
41% of concentrated feed; 1% of calcium carbonate, 1% of vitamin and 0.4% of salt.
2. The production process of the phytanic acid milk-rich cow complete mixed feed according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, smashing ryegrass silage, corn silage, oat hay, alfalfa hay and beet of the mixed feed in a smashing machine according to the formula, preparing a mixture according to the mixing proportion of the feed, putting the raw materials of the mixed feed into a feed stirring machine, cutting and mixing uniformly, and mixing to obtain a mixture;
s2, mixing the coarse material mixture prepared in the S1 with calcium carbonate and vitamins, and uniformly stirring to prepare a coarse material mixture;
and S3, mixing the concentrated feed and the mixture obtained in the step S2 in a TMR (total mixed ration) mixer, and adding salt for seasoning during the mixing process to prepare the fully mixed feed which is uniformly mixed.
3. The production process of the phytanic acid milk-rich cow mixed feed as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mixing ratio of the coarse material mixture in S2 to the fine feed is selected to be 5:5 or 6: 4.
4. The production process of the complete mixed feed for dairy cows rich in phytanic acid milk according to claim 2, wherein the cultivation method of ryegrass ensiling in S1 comprises the following steps: before the pasture is sowed, applying 30-40 tons of fertilizer per hectare in the field, and applying 55-60 tons of fertilizer per hectare in the field.
5. The process for producing the complete mixed feed for the dairy cows, which is rich in the phytanic acid milk, according to claim 4, wherein the fertilizer is compost obtained by fermenting cow dung.
6. The process for producing the complete mixed feed for the dairy cows rich in the phytanic acid milk according to claim 2, wherein the harvesting method of the ryegrass silage in S1 is as follows: the pasture is harvested in the heading period, and is naturally pre-dried for about 6 hours and directly baled and ensiled after being harvested in the morning, lactic acid bacteria can be added, and the addition amount is generally 5 mg/kg.
7. The fully mixed feed for dairy cows producing phytanic acid-rich milk and the production process thereof according to claim 2, wherein the TMR modulation in S3 uses: the mixed TMR daily ration is prepared every day, the ryegrass silage needs to be used up every day after being opened and sealed, and the silage is unsealed according to the actual daily required quantity.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113508782A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-19 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | A feeding method capable of converting phytol into phytanic acid at higher ratio in ruminant rumen |
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| US20080152754A1 (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2008-06-26 | Purina Mills Llc | Selective feeding of starch to increase milk production in ruminants |
| CN102696890A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-10-03 | 安玉琴 | Cow total mixed ration and preparation method and application thereof |
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2020
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Patent Citations (3)
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| US20080152754A1 (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2008-06-26 | Purina Mills Llc | Selective feeding of starch to increase milk production in ruminants |
| CN102696890A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-10-03 | 安玉琴 | Cow total mixed ration and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2014170233A2 (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2014-10-23 | Chr. Hansen A/S | Method for improving milk quality in milk-producing animals |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113508782A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-19 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | A feeding method capable of converting phytol into phytanic acid at higher ratio in ruminant rumen |
| CN113508782B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-11-25 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | A feeding method capable of converting phytol into phytanic acid at higher ratio in ruminant rumen |
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