CN111423278A - Saline-alkali soil microbial soil conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil microbial soil conditioner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111423278A CN111423278A CN202010405310.7A CN202010405310A CN111423278A CN 111423278 A CN111423278 A CN 111423278A CN 202010405310 A CN202010405310 A CN 202010405310A CN 111423278 A CN111423278 A CN 111423278A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil microbial soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, wherein the saline-alkali soil microbial soil conditioner comprises the following components: aspergillus oryzae, penicillium, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, clostridium capsulatum, cyanobacteria, alkali-resistant xylanase, soybean meal, bone meal, fish meal, wheat bran and starch. The invention uses alkali-resistant xylanase, bacillus subtilis, clostridium perfringens and aspergillus niger to fully decompose soybean meal, bone meal and fish meal, and the decomposed nutritional components improve saline-alkali soil on one hand, and provide nutrition for the propagation of aspergillus oryzae, penicillium and cyanobacteria to promote the propagation of the aspergillus oryzae, penicillium and cyanobacteria on the other hand, and the aspergillus oryzae and penicillium can enhance the immunity of plants, and the cyanobacteria can increase the oxygen content of the saline-alkali soil, comprehensively promote the growth of crops and increase the yield of the crops. The invention has potential market value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of saline-alkali soil fertilizers, in particular to a saline-alkali soil microbial soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof.
Background
A large area of saline-alkali soil exists in China, which accounts for billions of acres, and the improvement and the waste recycling of the saline-alkali soil are the problems which are addressed by people all the time. The saline-alkali soil improvement method generally comprises engineering improvement, biological improvement, chemical improvement and the like. The biological improvement comprises planting salt-absorbing plants, applying microbial agents and the like. The conventionally used microbial inoculum generally improves the physical and chemical properties and the organic component content of saline-alkali soil by utilizing the propagation of microorganisms, but has few microbial inoculants which directly act on plants and promote the growth and the immunity of the plants.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a saline-alkali soil microbial soil conditioner capable of directly acting on plants and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a microbial soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil comprises the following components: aspergillus oryzae, penicillium, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, clostridium capsulatum, cyanobacteria, alkali-resistant xylanase, soybean meal, bone meal, fish meal, wheat bran and starch.
Further, the weight parts of the components are as follows: 0.3-0.5 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.3-0.5 part of penicillium, 0.3-0.5 part of aspergillus niger, 0.5-0.8 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.5-0.8 part of clostridium capsulatum, 0.5-0.8 part of cyanobacteria, 0.4-0.6 part of alkali-resistant xylanase, 15-20 parts of bean pulp, 5-10 parts of bone meal, 4-8 parts of fish meal, 10-15 parts of wheat bran and 5-10 parts of starch.
Further, the weight parts of the components are as follows: 0.4 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.4 part of penicillium, 0.4 part of aspergillus niger, 0.7 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.7 part of clostridium perfringens, 0.6 part of cyanobacteria, 0.5 part of alkali-resistant xylanase, 17 parts of soybean meal, 8 parts of bone meal, 6 parts of fish meal, 13 parts of wheat bran and 8 parts of starch.
Further, Aspergillus oryzae was 107～108CFU/g, Penicillium is 104～105CFU/g and Aspergillus niger of 106～107CFU/g, Bacillus subtilis 108～109CFU/g, Clostridium capsulatum 108～109CFU/g, cyanobacteria 104～105CFU/g, alkali resistant xylanase 106～107CFU/g。
Further, the preparation method of the saline-alkali soil microbial soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) after being cultured in a test tube, aspergillus oryzae, penicillium, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, clostridium perfringens, cyanobacteria and alkali-resistant xylanase enter respective fermentation tanks according to the volume of 2-10% respectively for liquid culture, wherein the temperature of each fermentation tank is 25-35 ℃, the pH value is 5-7, and the culture lasts for 3-5 days; (2) crushing the soybean meal and the wheat bran to 30-60 meshes, uniformly mixing the soybean meal and the wheat bran with bone meal, fish meal and starch, and then sterilizing to form a culture medium; (3) adding each liquid culture solution in the step (1) into the culture medium in the step (2), uniformly mixing, and fermenting in a fermentation tank for 10-15 days; (4) and sequentially feeding the mixture into a dryer, a screening machine and a granulator to form microbial soil conditioner particles with the particle size of 3-5 mm.
Further, the drying temperature of the dryer is 30-40 ℃.
Further, the fermentation temperature in the fermentation tank in the step (3) is 25-35 ℃, the pH value is 5-7, and the dissolved oxygen concentration is 30-60%.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the soybean meal contains a large amount of protein and amino acid, and the fermented soybean meal is rich in various nutrient substances such as lactic acid, vitamins, amino acid, unknown growth promoting factors and the like; the wheat bran contains a large amount of vitamins and cellulose; the bone meal mainly comprises tricalcium phosphate, bone glue and fat, contains a large amount of protein, wherein the highest content of the protein is collagen which forms collagen fibers; the fish meal has high crude fat content and is rich in vitamins and minerals; starch is a high molecular carbohydrate, which is polymerized from glucose molecules. The substances form nutrient substances in the microbial soil conditioner.
Aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, clostridium perfringens and alkali-resistant xylanase can effectively decompose the nutrient substances, wherein the Aspergillus niger can grow on culture media such as starch, saccharides and the like and can generate acid, and the Aspergillus niger has certain decomposition capacity on protein, tannin, cellulose, pectin and the like; the bacillus subtilis has high growth speed and low requirement on nutrition, can efficiently secrete a plurality of extracellular enzymes to decompose organic substances, does not generate toxin, and is an nonpathogenic safe microorganism; the clostridium perfringens can ferment glucose, maltose, lactose and sucrose to produce acid and gas, and main metabolites are acetic acid and butyric acid; the alkali-resistant xylanase can degrade xylan hemicellulose which exists in the nature in a large quantity.
The aspergillus oryzae takes glucose, amino acid and vitamin as nutrient substances, can generate kojic acid under the condition of aerobic fermentation, and the kojic acid is an organic acid with an antibacterial effect, is easy to dissolve in water, and has stronger broad-spectrum antibacterial capability and good thermal stability; the penicillium contains a certain amount of penicillin, which can enhance the antagonistic action of plants on pathogenic bacteria; the two bacteria can enhance the antibacterial and disease-preventing capability of plants.
The cyanobacteria are mainly propagated in a binary division or multi-division mode, a few cyanobacteria can form spores, the thickness of the spore wall can resist adverse environment, and the cyanobacteria are prokaryotic microorganisms capable of releasing oxygen during photosynthesis.
The nutrient substances such as the four substances and the bean pulp provide nutrient matrixes; the aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis and other substances decompose the nutrient substances into small molecular substances which can be absorbed by plants and microorganisms, and the small molecular substances can improve the physical and chemical properties of the saline-alkali soil; the aspergillus oryzae and the penicillium take small molecular substances as nutrition, and can directly enhance the antibacterial and disease-preventing performance of plants through reproduction and metabolism in the aerobic environment created by cyanobacteria; cyanobacteria feed on small molecules, and air bubbles contained in the cytoplasm of cyanobacteria can migrate to places with sufficient light to facilitate photosynthesis to produce oxygen.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the microbial soil conditioner comprises four combinations of a nutrient substrate, decomposing bacteria, bacteria resistance and oxygen supply bacteria, wherein the four combinations are matched with each other, so that the physical and chemical properties of the saline-alkali soil, such as pH value, nutrient components and the like, can be improved, and the microbial soil conditioner can also directly act on plants, enhance the antibacterial and disease prevention capability of the plants, promote root respiration and further promote the growth of the plants. The invention has potential market value.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The experimental methods in the following examples, which are not specified under specific conditions, were generally conducted under conventional conditions. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Example 1
A microbial soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.3 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.3 part of penicillium, 0.3 part of aspergillus niger, 0.5 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.5 part of clostridium perfringens, 0.5 part of cyanobacteria, 0.4 part of alkali-resistant xylanase, 15 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of bone meal, 4 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of wheat bran and 5 parts of starch.
Further, Aspergillus oryzae was 107～108CFU/g, Penicillium is 104～105CFU/g and Aspergillus niger of 106～107CFU/g, Bacillus subtilis 108～109CFU/g, Clostridium capsulatum 108～109CFU/g, cyanobacteria 104～105CFU/g, alkali resistant xylanase 106～107CFU/g。
Further, the preparation method of the saline-alkali soil microbial soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) after being cultured in a test tube, aspergillus oryzae, penicillium, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, clostridium perfringens, cyanobacteria and alkali-resistant xylanase enter respective fermentation tanks according to the volume of 2-10% respectively for liquid culture, wherein the temperature of each fermentation tank is 25-35 ℃, the pH value is 5-7, and the culture lasts for 3-5 days; (2) crushing the soybean meal and the wheat bran to 30-60 meshes, uniformly mixing the soybean meal and the wheat bran with bone meal, fish meal and starch, and then sterilizing to form a culture medium; (3) adding each liquid culture solution in the step (1) into the culture medium in the step (2), uniformly mixing, and fermenting in a fermentation tank for 10-15 days, wherein the fermentation temperature in the fermentation tank is 25-35 ℃, the pH value is 5-7, and the dissolved oxygen concentration is 30-60%; (4) and sequentially feeding the mixture into a dryer, a screening machine and a granulator to form microbial soil conditioner particles with the particle size of 3-5 mm. The drying temperature of the dryer is 30-40 ℃.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 is basically the same as the embodiment 1, except that the weight portions of the components are as follows: 0.4 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.4 part of penicillium, 0.4 part of aspergillus niger, 0.7 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.7 part of clostridium perfringens, 0.6 part of cyanobacteria, 0.5 part of alkali-resistant xylanase, 17 parts of soybean meal, 8 parts of bone meal, 6 parts of fish meal, 13 parts of wheat bran and 8 parts of starch.
Example 3
The embodiment 3 is basically the same as the embodiment 1, except that the weight portions of the components are as follows: 0.5 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.5 part of penicillium, 0.5 part of aspergillus niger, 0.8 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.8 part of clostridium perfringens, 0.8 part of cyanobacteria, 0.6 part of alkali-resistant xylanase, 20 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of bone meal, 8 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of wheat bran and 10 parts of starch.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is substantially the same as example 2 except that cyanobacteria is replaced with Bacillus subtilis.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is essentially the same as example 2, except that Aspergillus oryzae and Penicillium were replaced with Bacillus subtilis.
Comparative experiment
(1) Physical and chemical test of saline-alkali soil
The method comprises the steps of taking saline-alkali soil in Shandong coast city as a test object, respectively applying the microbial soil conditioner in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 to adjacent 5 saline-alkali soil with the same property, planting autumn corns, planting the autumn corns in 7-month middle ten days, applying the microbial soil conditioner in furrows during planting, covering soil, and applying the same amount of urea per mu in seedling emergence and heading period of the autumn corns. The basic physical and chemical performance of the soil is tested before autumn corn planting and after autumn corn harvesting, the test samples are taken at the depth of 6cm of the soil, 20 samples are taken from each saline-alkali soil, and the average value of the calculated samples is recorded into a table 1. The application amount of the microbial soil conditioner in each example and each comparative example is 300 KG/mu.
TABLE 1 comparison table of physical and chemical properties of soil
As can be seen from Table 1, the physical and chemical properties of the soil before planting in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 are not very different and are basically the same in terms of pH value, organic matter, total effective viable count and the like, while after harvesting corn, the organic matter and total effective viable count in examples 1-3 are significantly improved and the pH value is greatly reduced compared with comparative examples 1 and 2. From this, it can be seen that the combinations of microorganisms of examples 1 to 3 have a better soil improvement effect than the combination of microorganisms lacking cyanobacteria of comparative example 1 and the combination of microorganisms lacking aspergillus oryzae and penicillium of comparative example 2.
(2) Corn yield test
The corn yield was counted after harvesting the corn in 5 saline-alkali lands in test (1), the statistical results are shown in table 2,
table 2 is a corn yield comparison table
As can be seen from Table 2, the corn yields of examples 1 to 3 were higher than those of comparative examples 1 and 2, which indicates that the microbial soil conditioner of examples 1 to 3 has a better effect in promoting the growth of crops and increasing the yield of crops.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art; where combinations of features are mutually inconsistent or impractical, such combinations should not be considered as being absent and not within the scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (7)
1. A microbial soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following components: aspergillus oryzae, penicillium, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, clostridium capsulatum, cyanobacteria, alkali-resistant xylanase, soybean meal, bone meal, fish meal, wheat bran and starch.
2. The microbial soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 0.3-0.5 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.3-0.5 part of penicillium, 0.3-0.5 part of aspergillus niger, 0.5-0.8 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.5-0.8 part of clostridium capsulatum, 0.5-0.8 part of cyanobacteria, 0.4-0.6 part of alkali-resistant xylanase, 15-20 parts of bean pulp, 5-10 parts of bone meal, 4-8 parts of fish meal, 10-15 parts of wheat bran and 5-10 parts of starch.
3. The microbial soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 0.4 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.4 part of penicillium, 0.4 part of aspergillus niger, 0.7 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.7 part of clostridium perfringens, 0.6 part of cyanobacteria, 0.5 part of alkali-resistant xylanase, 17 parts of soybean meal, 8 parts of bone meal, 6 parts of fish meal, 13 parts of wheat bran and 8 parts of starch.
4. The microbial soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: the content of Aspergillus oryzae is 107～108CFU/g, Penicillium is 104～105CFU/g and Aspergillus niger of 106～107CFU/g, Bacillus subtilis 108～109CFU/g, Clostridium capsulatum 108～109CFU/g, cyanobacteria 104～105CFU/g, alkali resistant xylanase 106～107CFU/g。
5. The method for preparing the microbial soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) after being cultured in a test tube, aspergillus oryzae, penicillium, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, clostridium perfringens, cyanobacteria and alkali-resistant xylanase enter respective fermentation tanks according to the volume of 2-10% respectively for liquid culture, wherein the temperature of each fermentation tank is 25-35 ℃, the pH value is 5-7, and the culture lasts for 3-5 days;
(2) crushing the soybean meal and the wheat bran to 30-60 meshes, uniformly mixing the soybean meal and the wheat bran with bone meal, fish meal and starch, and then sterilizing to form a culture medium;
(3) adding each liquid culture solution in the step (1) into the culture medium in the step (2), uniformly mixing, and fermenting in a fermentation tank for 10-15 days;
(4) and sequentially feeding the mixture into a dryer, a screening machine and a granulator to form microbial soil conditioner particles with the particle size of 3-5 mm.
6. The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil microbial soil conditioner according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: the drying temperature of the dryer is 30-40 ℃.
7. The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil microbial soil conditioner according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) fermenting at 25-35 ℃ in the fermentation tank, wherein the pH value is 5-7, and the dissolved oxygen concentration is 30-60%.
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| CN202010405310.7A CN111423278A (en) | 2020-05-14 | 2020-05-14 | Saline-alkali soil microbial soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202010405310.7A CN111423278A (en) | 2020-05-14 | 2020-05-14 | Saline-alkali soil microbial soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115286440A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-04 | 东莞市林氏生物技术股份有限公司 | Fish peptide microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-05-14 CN CN202010405310.7A patent/CN111423278A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115286440A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-04 | 东莞市林氏生物技术股份有限公司 | Fish peptide microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200717 |