CN111423273A - Tree nutrient solution, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Tree nutrient solution, preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111423273A
CN111423273A CN202010255856.9A CN202010255856A CN111423273A CN 111423273 A CN111423273 A CN 111423273A CN 202010255856 A CN202010255856 A CN 202010255856A CN 111423273 A CN111423273 A CN 111423273A
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Prior art keywords
nutrient solution
tree
phosphate
solution
nitrate
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CN202010255856.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙海博
吴晶
邓印田
邹宏浩
郝佳
吴小庆
王延良
李昌生
王雪浩
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BEIJING ZEHO WATERFRONT ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT TREATMENT CORP
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BEIJING ZEHO WATERFRONT ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT TREATMENT CORP
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Priority to CN202010255856.9A priority Critical patent/CN111423273A/en
Publication of CN111423273A publication Critical patent/CN111423273A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a tree nutrient solution, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein each liter of the tree nutrient solution comprises 300-440 mg of monopotassium phosphate, 220-360 mg of calcium ammonium nitrate, 530-670 mg of potassium nitrate, 320-460 mg of ammonium phosphate, 10E-8-10E-10 mol of auxin and 0-120 mg of magnesium sulfate. The tree nutrient solution can improve the survival rate of transplanted trees and out-of-season transplanted trees, and shorten the seedling revival period of trees.

Description

Tree nutrient solution, preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tree transplantation, in particular to a tree nutrient solution, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of ecological construction in China, the concept of ecological gardens is more and more emphasized. The trees are the most important components of gardens, and in the process of building gardens, gardeners pay more and more attention to the work of planting trees, transplanting big trees, introducing new varieties of trees and the like. In the current engineering construction, the phenomena of big tree transplantation and out-of-season plantation are increasing day by day, which brings more serious challenges to garden workers in the plantation and management of trees. How to improve the survival rate of big tree transplantation and out-of-season transplantation is an urgent problem to be solved.
At present, the main measure for improving the survival rate of trees is to use tree nutrient solution. However, the proportion of the common tree nutrient solution in the market is too balanced, the pertinence is weak, the price is higher, the common tree nutrient solution is more suitable for conventional maintenance, the more and more complex tree planting environment cannot be ensured, and particularly, the common tree nutrient solution for big tree transplantation and out-of-season transplantation is lacked.
Therefore, the present invention is to develop a nutrient solution for trees to solve the problem of survival of big trees and off-season transplanted trees.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a tree nutrient solution, which can improve the survival rate of transplanted big trees and the anti-season transplanted trees and shorten the seedling revival period of the trees.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the tree nutrient solution, which has the advantages of convenience, rapidness and convenience for scale production.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the tree nutrient solution in the large tree transplantation, the tree off-season transplantation or the large tree off-season transplantation.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
a tree nutrient solution, each liter of which comprises 300-440 mg of monopotassium phosphate, 220-360 mg of calcium ammonium nitrate, 530-670 mg of potassium nitrate, 320-460 mg of ammonium phosphate, 10-8-10E-10 mol of auxin and 0-120 mg of magnesium sulfate.
The transplantation of the out-of-season transplanted trees and big trees can damage the root systems of the trees, so that the root systems have poor capability of absorbing water and nutrients, and the water of the leaf parts is evaporated, so that the trees which are just transplanted are withered and dead easily.
The nutrient solution can permeate into the interior of trees in an ultra-strong manner, effectively stimulate plant cells, accelerate the division of the cells, improve circulation, and ensure the comprehensive absorption and utilization of various nutrients by the trees, thereby promoting the survival of the plants. N, P, K element provides basic demand for plant growth, and improves the resistance of trees while ensuring the energy required by the growth of trees, which is more beneficial to the survival of the trees planted out of season. The growth factor content promotes the development and growth of plant root organs; the magnesium and the potassium are beneficial to the photosynthesis of trees, improve the resistance of plants and have better promotion effect on the growth of the plants. In conclusion, through the mutual matching of all the nutrient components, the tree nutrient solution can effectively improve the survival rate of big tree transplantation and out-of-season tree transplantation and shorten the seedling revival period of trees.
In some specific embodiments, each liter of the tree nutrient solution comprises 400-440 mg of monopotassium phosphate, 320-360 mg of calcium ammonium nitrate, 630-670 mg of potassium nitrate, 420-460 mg of ammonium phosphate, 10-9-10E-10 mol of auxin and 80-120 mg of magnesium sulfate.
In some specific embodiments, the tree nutrient solution comprises 420mg of monopotassium phosphate, 340mg of calcium ammonium nitrate, 650mg of potassium nitrate, 440mg of ammonium phosphate, 10E-10mol of auxin and 100mg of magnesium sulfate per liter of the tree nutrient solution.
The tree nutrient solution optimizes the content and the proportion of each component, the auxin concentration is 10E-10 mol/L, relevant researches show that the auxin has the effect of promoting the planting of roots, stems and buds, but the auxin with different concentrations has different promoting effects on the roots, the stems and the buds, the auxin with the concentration of 10E-10 mol/L is most suitable for promoting the growth of the roots, the auxin with the concentration lower than 10E-10 mol/L has obvious promoting effect on the stems and the buds, most roots are seriously injured when large trees and anti-season trees are transplanted, and therefore, the key for improving the survival rate of the trees and shortening the seedling recovering period is to promote the growth of the roots.
The addition of magnesium sulfate, because magnesium is an important element for forming a chlorophyll structure, if magnesium is not contained, chlorophyll cannot be generated, and light and effects cannot be generated. Photosynthesis, which is the main way plants convert light energy into chemical energy, does not grow without photosynthesis.
The content of N, P and K is closest to 7:5:21, and the content of P, K elements is improved while the content of N is ensured. The content of the N element is not the highest, which is greatly different from other nutrient solutions. Although N is an important component of cell composition and is an essential nutrient for plant growth, excessive N can cause rapid growth of plants and is not beneficial to seedling recovery of newly transplanted trees. The invention has moderate N content, and can provide basic energy for plants without over-stimulating the growth of the plants. The P element can promote the growth and development of plant roots, improve the cold resistance of plants and facilitate the survival of trees transplanted in winter. K is used as a main nutrient element of a plant body, has higher distribution amount in organs and tissues with active plant metabolism, and has great effect on enhancing the regulation of cells on environmental conditions. And K can enhance the tolerance of the plant to various adverse conditions, such as drought, low temperature, salt content, insect damage, lodging and the like. The content of K is improved, the moisture is effectively utilized by crops, the transpiration of the moisture is reduced, and the stress resistance of the crops is improved. The tree nutrient solution has sufficient N, P, K content and proper proportion, and is beneficial to survival and seedling recovery of big trees and transplanted trees according to practical libraries shown in experimental examples.
In some specific embodiments, the tree nutrient solution comprises 320mg of monopotassium phosphate, 240mg of calcium ammonium nitrate, 550mg of potassium nitrate, 340mg of ammonium phosphate and 10E-8mol of auxin per liter.
In some specific embodiments, the tree nutrient solution comprises 370mg of monopotassium phosphate, 290mg of calcium ammonium nitrate, 600mg of potassium nitrate, 390mg of ammonium phosphate, 10E-9mol of auxin and 50mg of magnesium sulfate per liter of the tree nutrient solution.
In some embodiments, the solvent of the tree nutrient solution is water, preferably mineral water. Wherein, the mineral water and distilled water contain certain minerals (Mg, Fe, Mn, Na, etc.) to promote plant growth.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the tree nutrient solution, which comprises the following steps: a. weighing calcium ammonium nitrate and ammonium phosphate, or calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate and magnesium sulfate, and stirring until the calcium ammonium nitrate, the calcium ammonium phosphate and the magnesium sulfate are completely dissolved to prepare a mixed solution; b. weighing potassium nitrate, heating and stirring until the potassium nitrate is completely dissolved to obtain a potassium nitrate solution; c. weighing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, heating, stirring and dissolving to prepare potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution; d. and uniformly mixing the mixed solution, the potassium nitrate solution, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and the auxin, and fixing the volume to obtain the tree nutrient solution.
The invention also provides application of the tree nutrient solution in big tree transplantation, tree off-season transplantation or big tree off-season transplantation.
In some embodiments, the nutrient solution is injected into the transplanted tree by trunk injection.
In some specific embodiments, the injection amount of the nutrient solution is 1-2L/day, preferably 1.5L/day, and the injection time is 12-17 days, preferably 15 days.
In some specific embodiments, the application is for southern economic forest trees, such as cinnamomum camphora, cinnamomum japonicum, or prunus maritima.
In some specific embodiments, the diameter at breast height of the cinnamomum camphora is 15-20 cm, and the height is 5-7 m; the chest diameter of the osmanthus fragrans is 12-18 cm, and the height of the osmanthus fragrans is 3-5 m; the diameter at breast height of the malus baccata is 5-10 cm, and the height is 2.5-3 m.
In some specific embodiments, the diameter at breast height of the cinnamomum camphora is 18cm, and the height is 5-7 m; the chest diameter of the osmanthus fragrans is 15cm, and the height of the osmanthus fragrans is 3-5 m; the diameter at breast height of the Prunus mume flower is 8cm, and the height is 2.5-3 m.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the nutrient solution has sufficient content of each component and proper proportion, and is favorable for ensuring the survival of nursery stocks and improving the stress resistance of trees.
(2) Compared with the conventional plant nutrient solution, the invention greatly adjusts the proportion of N, P, K and the content of biotin, can effectively balance the nutrition supply, the root growth and the root system among plant growth, and pertinently solves the problems of transplanting big trees and out-of-season trees, thereby improving the survival rate of the transplanting and shortening the seedling reviving period.
(3) Mineral water is preferably selected as a solvent in the nutrient solution, and the mineral water is beneficial to the growth of transplanted big trees or off-season transplanted trees.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a tree nutrient solution and a preparation method thereof, which specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) 10E-8mol of auxin is prepared.
(2) 240mg of calcium ammonium nitrate and 340mg of ammonium phosphate are added into 500ml of mineral water, and the mixture is fully stirred by a glass rod to dissolve the components.
(3) Potassium nitrate 550mg was added to 50ml of mineral water, and the mixture was heated to 30 ℃ and stirred until it was completely dissolved.
(4) 320mg of monopotassium phosphate is added into 100ml of mineral water, heated to 90 ℃ and stirred until the monopotassium phosphate is completely dissolved.
(5) And pouring the solutions into a container containing auxin in sequence, and adding mineral water to 1000ml to obtain the tree nutrient solution.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a tree nutrient solution and a preparation method thereof, which specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) 10E-9mol of auxin was prepared.
(2) 290mg of calcium ammonium nitrate, 390mg of ammonium phosphate and 50mg of magnesium sulfate were added to 500ml of mineral water, and the mixture was sufficiently stirred with a glass rod to dissolve the respective components.
(3) Potassium nitrate 600mg was added to 50ml of mineral water and stirred until completely dissolved.
(4) 370mg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate was added to 100ml of mineral water and stirred with heating until completely dissolved.
(5) And pouring the solutions into a container containing auxin in sequence, and adding mineral water to 1000ml to obtain the tree nutrient solution.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a tree nutrient solution and a preparation method thereof, which specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) 10E-10mol of auxin was prepared.
(2) 340mg of calcium ammonium nitrate, 440mg of ammonium phosphate and 100mg of magnesium sulfate were added to 500ml of mineral water, and the mixture was sufficiently stirred with a glass rod to dissolve the respective components.
(3) Potassium nitrate (650 mg) was added to 50ml of mineral water and the mixture was stirred while heating until it was completely dissolved.
(4) Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (420 mg) is added into 100ml mineral water, and heated and stirred until completely dissolved.
(5) And pouring the solutions into a container containing auxin in sequence, and adding mineral water to 1000ml to obtain the tree nutrient solution.
Experimental example 4
100 cinnamomum camphora, 100 cinnamomum japonicum and 100 prunus mume in the same specification are transplanted in 7-month middle ten days in 2019 in southern areas of China. Under the condition of ensuring the planting terrain, watering and other conditions to be consistent, the tree trunks are respectively injected with the nutrient solution and the contrast solution (mineral water) described in the embodiment 1-3, and the survival rate and the seedling-delaying period of each tree are observed. The tree transplanting and nutrient solution injection method is specifically as follows, and the tree survival rate and seedling-postponing period data are shown in tables 1-2:
specifications of cinnamomum camphora, cinnamomum japonicum and prunus mume: the camphor tree has the diameter at breast height of 8cm and the height of 2.5-3 m; the chest diameter of the Jingui is 15cm, and the height of the Jingui is 3-5 m; the diameter of the breast is 18cm, and the height is 5-7 m.
Plant pruning: the cinnamomum camphora is prepared by trimming all lateral branches and twigs without leaving leaves basically; the osmanthus fragrans, thin branches in the crown are removed, leaves are reduced as much as possible, and ventilation and light passing of the osmanthus fragrans are guaranteed; planting flos Pruni Pseudocerasi in whole crown.
Transplanting the nursery stock: transplanting the three kinds of nursery stock with soil balls, ensuring that the diameter of the soil balls is 7-8 times of the ground diameter or breast diameter of the nursery stock, and spraying water to each trunk in the morning and at night once after transplanting.
Nutrient solution or contrast solution injection, trunk injection, 1.5L/day, and continuous injection for 15 days.
According to the data shown in the table 1-2, compared with the mode of supplementing water and trace elements by only injecting mineral water into the trunk, the nutrient solution disclosed in the embodiments 1-3 of the invention can improve the survival rate of the transplanted large-size trees (the cinnamomum camphora, the cinnamomum japonicum and the prunus mume of the specifications of the experimental examples) in out-of-season (7 months and hot weather) and shorten the seedling recovering period of the trees. The tree nutrient solution in the embodiment 3 has the best effect, and the survival rate of the camphor, the cinnamomum japonicum and the prunus mume is obviously higher than that of similar trees using the contrast solution and the tree nutrient solution in the embodiments 1-2.
TABLE 1 comparison table of survival rates of various trees
Figure BDA0002437283510000091
TABLE 2 Miao-Miao period of each tree (d)
Figure BDA0002437283510000092
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The tree nutrient solution is characterized by comprising 300-440 mg of monopotassium phosphate, 220-360 mg of calcium ammonium nitrate, 530-670 mg of potassium nitrate, 320-460 mg of ammonium phosphate, 10-8-10E-10 mol of auxin and 0-120 mg of magnesium sulfate per liter of the tree nutrient solution.
2. The tree nutrient solution of claim 1, wherein each liter of the tree nutrient solution comprises 400-440 mg of monopotassium phosphate, 320-360 mg of calcium ammonium nitrate, 630-670 mg of potassium nitrate, 420-460 mg of ammonium phosphate, 10E-9-10E-10 mol of auxin and 80-120 mg of magnesium sulfate.
3. The tree nutrient solution of claim 1, comprising 420mg of monopotassium phosphate, 340mg of calcium ammonium nitrate, 650mg of potassium nitrate, 440mg of ammonium phosphate, 10E-10mol of auxin and 100mg of magnesium sulfate per liter of the tree nutrient solution.
4. The tree nutrient solution as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the solvent of the tree nutrient solution is water, preferably mineral water.
5. The preparation method of the tree nutrient solution applied to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
a. weighing calcium ammonium nitrate and ammonium phosphate, or calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate and magnesium sulfate, and stirring until the calcium ammonium nitrate, the calcium ammonium phosphate and the magnesium sulfate are completely dissolved to prepare a mixed solution;
b. weighing potassium nitrate, heating and stirring until the potassium nitrate is completely dissolved to obtain a potassium nitrate solution;
c. weighing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, heating, stirring and dissolving to prepare potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution;
d. and uniformly mixing the mixed solution, the potassium nitrate solution, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and the auxin, and fixing the volume to obtain the tree nutrient solution.
6. Use of the tree nutrient solution of any one of claims 1 to 4 for big tree transplantation, tree off-season transplantation or big tree off-season transplantation.
7. The use of claim 6, wherein the nutrient solution is injected into the transplanted tree by trunk injection.
8. The use of claim 7, wherein the nutrient solution is injected in an amount of 1-2L/day, preferably 1.5L/day, for 12-17 days, preferably 15 days.
9. Use according to any one of claims 6 to 8, for southern economic trees, such as cinnamomum camphora, cinnamomum japonicum or prunus mume.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the camphor tree has a breast diameter of 15 to 20cm and a height of 5 to 7 m; the chest diameter of the osmanthus fragrans is 12-18 cm, and the height of the osmanthus fragrans is 3-5 m; the diameter at breast height of the malus baccata is 5-10 cm, and the height is 2.5-3 m.
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CN101613227A (en) * 2009-07-27 2009-12-30 广东福利龙复合肥有限公司 A kind of compound conditioned medium for injection of woody plants and preparation method thereof
CN102093135A (en) * 2010-12-21 2011-06-15 山西天行若木生物工程开发有限公司 Nutrient solution for improving transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks and preparation method thereof
CN103274871A (en) * 2013-06-28 2013-09-04 宜宾云辰乔木园林有限责任公司 Tree nutrient solution

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101613227A (en) * 2009-07-27 2009-12-30 广东福利龙复合肥有限公司 A kind of compound conditioned medium for injection of woody plants and preparation method thereof
CN102093135A (en) * 2010-12-21 2011-06-15 山西天行若木生物工程开发有限公司 Nutrient solution for improving transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks and preparation method thereof
CN103274871A (en) * 2013-06-28 2013-09-04 宜宾云辰乔木园林有限责任公司 Tree nutrient solution

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