CN111421746B - 一种制造电机的定子的方法、装置和具有电机的车辆 - Google Patents

一种制造电机的定子的方法、装置和具有电机的车辆 Download PDF

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CN111421746B
CN111421746B CN201911302139.0A CN201911302139A CN111421746B CN 111421746 B CN111421746 B CN 111421746B CN 201911302139 A CN201911302139 A CN 201911302139A CN 111421746 B CN111421746 B CN 111421746B
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stator
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casting body
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CN111421746A (zh
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佛罗莱恩·巴兰
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Valeo eAutomotive Germany GmbH
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C45/14336—Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
    • H02K15/024—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies with slots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C39/10—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. casting around inserts or for coating articles
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    • B29C45/7207—Heating or cooling of the moulded articles
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/12—Impregnating, heating or drying of windings, stators, rotors or machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/006—Structural association of a motor or generator with the drive train of a motor vehicle
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    • B29C2045/0098—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor shearing of the moulding material, e.g. for obtaining molecular orientation or reducing the viscosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于制造电机(100)的定子(3)的方法和装置，所述方法包括以下步骤：将带有喷嘴(15)的浇铸体(11)从所述定子(3)的第一侧置入到所述定子(3)中，将浇铸配对体(12)从所述定子(3)的相对的第二侧置入所述定子(3)中，通过喷嘴(15)用热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂浇铸所述定子(3)，使热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂固化，固化后，通过所述浇铸体(11)或所述浇铸配对体(12)的旋转运动(23)剪切热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂的浇口。

Description

一种制造电机的定子的方法、装置和具有电机的车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制造电机、尤其是电动机的浇铸定子的方法以及一种具有电机、尤其是具有定子的电动机的车辆。
背景技术
电动机是众所周知的，并且越来越多地用于驱动车辆。电动机由定子和转子组成。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有改善的热性能的定子。
本发明的一种用于制造电机的定子(100)的方法包括以下步骤：将带有喷嘴的浇铸体从定子的第一侧置入到定子中，将浇铸配对体从定子的相对的第二侧置入到定子中，通过喷嘴用热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂来浇铸定子，其中在固化热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂固化之后，通过浇铸体或浇铸配对体的旋转运动剪切热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂的浇口。
剪切运动可以允许切棱存在，该切棱通过剪切而平坦并且因此也在定子内，即在定子和转子之间的气隙区域中。这也使得可以在定子内开始浇铸。在定子内启动浇铸可以改善固化效果，因为浇铸开始于定子内部而不是在定子外边缘处，因此缩短了从定子一端到定子另一端的路径。
在定子中通过线圈产生的热量可以通过浇铸更好地排出，即通过热塑性塑料，热固性塑料或树脂更好地散发到冷却回路中。
优选地，至少浇铸体或浇铸配对体具有多个齿并且通过至少一个齿进行旋转运动。
通过至少在浇铸体或浇铸配对体上的齿，可以支撑浇口的剪切，并且剪切接缝是水平的。此外，在至少一个齿上旋转就足够了。同样，在两个或三个齿上旋转会导致接缝平整，但是旋转时间过长会有导致损坏浇铸的风险，还会增加加工时间。
更优选地，浇铸体和浇铸配对体在浇铸之前可以在定子的中间三分之一处相遇。浇铸体和浇铸配对体也有可能在定子的中点相遇。
因此，浇口可在中间三分之一处或大约在中间出现，由此，热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂在定子两个方向上的固化和分布具有基本相同的特性，因为到定子的边缘的回退路径在两个方向上大致是一样的。与定子开始处的浇口相比，这改善了性能。
在本发明的另一种实施形式中，浇口可以通过浇铸体或浇铸配对体从定子上取下。
然后，通过浇铸体或浇铸配对体或两者将浇口从定子中压出，以便完成浇铸。固化后必须从定子上拆下浇铸体和浇铸配对体。在取下时将浇口从定子中压出。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中，还可以通过将冷却剂引入冷却剂通道中来完成固化。
优选地，可以另外通过给定子的线圈通电来完成固化。在线圈通电时，线圈的电阻用于定子和浇铸的加热。
借助冷却剂或通电实现了更快的固化，因此缩短了处理时间。
本发明的一种用于制造用于电机的定子的装置包括可从定子的第一侧置入的浇铸体、布置在该浇铸体上的喷嘴，可从定子的相对的另一侧置入的浇铸配对体，定子保持装置、与喷嘴连接的熔体进料管线，其中至少浇铸或浇铸配对体设计为可旋转的。
定子保持装置可以将定子与壳体固定在一起，然后浇铸和浇铸配对体将定子在壳体内浇铸。
可通过熔体进料管线导入作为熔体的熔融的热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂。
优选地，至少浇铸体或浇铸配对体可以具有多个齿。
齿使得在分离浇口时可以有平坦的切棱，从而确保定子内表面光滑，以在转子和定子之间形成气隙。
另外，浇口的分离可以在工具关闭的情况下完成，因此对总循环时间的影响较小。
更优选地，浇铸体和浇铸配对体可被设置为使得它们在定子的中间三分之一处相遇。
在本发明的另一实施方式中，至少浇铸体或浇铸配对体可以具有至少一个温度控制通道。
通过这种温度控制通道，可以通过例如空气或液体进行加热和冷却。
优选地，至少浇铸体或浇铸配对体具有弹出器。
根据本发明，车辆(103)具有电机(100)、特别是电动机，其具有根据优选实施例的定子或根据优选方法之一制造的定子。
附图说明
图1示出了浇铸体的视图。
图2示出了浇铸配对体的视图。
图3示出了在定子内部中的浇铸体和浇铸配对体的横截面。
图4示出了定子内部的浇铸配对体的视图。
图5示出了定子内部的浇铸体和浇铸的配对体的剖视图。
图6示出了在定子内部的浇铸体和浇铸配对体的横截面，具有用于定子的两部分式保持装置。
图7示出了车辆中的电机中的铸造定子。
具体实施方式
图1所示的浇铸体11包括用于将热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂填充到定子中的喷嘴15。喷嘴15延伸穿过浇铸体11，并且可以在定子外部连接至热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂的供应单元。底部主体29具有比喷嘴主体13更大的直径，由此在浇铸主体11缩回之后，定子通过周向的棱21密封。此外，浇铸体11具有用于冷却热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂的冷却通道25。
在底部主体29上还布置有凹部31，该凹部31有利于浇铸主体11的旋转23。齿17和齿间空间19使得可以通过旋转运动23来对浇口进行剪切。浇口形成在热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂流入定子的位置。
图2中所示的浇铸配对体12具有平坦的端面18。底部主体28的直径大于端面18的直径。由此形成的周向的棱22可以将与保持装置连接的定子密封。底部主体28还具有凹部32，用于更容易地安装浇铸配对体12。
图3示出了置入定子3之后的浇铸体11和浇铸配对体12。定子3具有缠绕在定子齿上的绕组5。定子3位于带有冷却引导通道9的壳体7中。壳体上仍然可以再套上外壳体，使得冷却引导通道9在壳体和外壳体之间形成冷却通道。
浇铸体11的齿17在定子3的中间三分之一处在浇铸配对体12的端面18上汇合。通过喷嘴15，热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂被注入到定子3的中心，围绕浇铸体11和浇铸配对体12流向定子。在喷嘴的出口和定子的内周之间产生必须被移除的浇口。这在热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂固化之后通过浇铸体11或浇铸配对体12的旋转运动来完成。
借助于温度控制通道25，一方面可以通过加热将热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂保持液态，另一方面可以通过冷却，热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂更快地固化。
底部主体29密封住定子。在浇铸体11的端部是凹部31，其通过驱动器支持旋转运动。
图4示出了浇铸配对体12处于置入状态。周向的棱22位于定子上并密封定子。通过冷却通道可以对定子进行温度控制。
底部主体28上的凹槽32也使得浇铸配对体12可以旋转，并且有助于置入和移出。
图5以倾斜的截面示出了设备1。浇铸体11和浇铸配对体12在定子3中相遇。热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂通过喷嘴15穿过喷嘴主体13进入定子3的内部。在固化后发生旋转运动，浇铸体和浇铸配对体从定子中移出，同时浇口从定子中移出。
图6示出了具有定子支架40的装置。定子支架40由两个部分支架41、43组成，每个部分支架用作浇铸或浇铸配对体的导向。定子在壳体中通过一个部分支架43的爪45保持在另一个部分支架41的凹部中。在部分支架之间设置有导向杆47，该导向杆确保两个部分支架的对准，并可以实现在部分支架内精确地引导浇铸体11和浇铸配对体12。由此，浇铸体11和浇铸配对体12彼此在定子内准确地相遇。
图7是车辆103的实施例的示意图，该车辆103例如是混合动力车辆或电动车辆，其包括电机100、尤其是电动机，具有示例性实施例的用于驱动车辆103的定子3。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于制造电机(100)的定子(3)的方法，包括以下步骤：
将带有喷嘴(15)的浇铸体(11)从所述定子(3)的第一侧置入到所述定子(3)中，
将浇铸配对体(12)从所述定子(3)的相对的第二侧置入所述定子(3)中，
通过喷嘴(15)用热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂在所述浇铸体(11)与所述浇铸配对体(12)之间的空间来浇铸所述定子(3)，
使热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂固化，
其特征在于，
固化后，通过所述浇铸体(11)或所述浇铸配对体(12)的旋转运动(23)剪切热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂的浇口。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，至少所述浇铸体(11)或浇铸配对体(12)具有多个齿(17)，并且通过至少一个所述齿(17)实现所述旋转运动(23)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述浇铸体(11)和所述浇铸配对体(12)在浇铸之前在所述定子(3)的中间三分之一处相遇。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述浇口由所述浇铸体(11)或浇铸配对体(12)从所述定子(3)去除。
5.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述浇口由所述浇铸体(11)或浇铸配对体(12)从所述定子(3)去除。
6.一种用于制造用于电机(100)的定子(3)的装置(1)，包括：
可从所述定子(3)的第一侧置入的浇铸体(11)，
布置在所述浇铸体(11)中的喷嘴(15)，
可从所述定子(3)的相对的第二侧置入的浇铸配对体(12)，
定子保持装置(40)，
与所述喷嘴(15)连接的熔体进料管线，以将热塑性塑料、热固性塑料或树脂供给到所述浇铸体(11)和所述浇铸配对体(12)之间的空间，
其特征在于，
至少所述浇铸体(11)或所述浇铸配对体(12)设置为可旋转。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置(1)，其特征在于，至少所述浇铸体(11)或浇铸配对体(12)具有多个齿(17)。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的装置(1)，其特征在于，所述浇铸体(11)和所述浇铸配对体(12)设置成在所述定子(3)的中间三分之一处相遇。
9.根据权利要求6或7所述的装置(1)，其特征在于，至少所述浇铸体(11)或所述浇铸配对体(12)具有至少一个温度控制通道(25)。
10.根据权利要求8所述的装置(1)，其特征在于，至少所述浇铸体(11)或所述浇铸配对体(12)具有至少一个温度控制通道(25)。
11.根据权利要求6、7或10所述的装置(1)，其特征在于，至少所述浇铸体(11)或所述浇铸配对体(12)具有弹出装置。
12.根据权利要求8所述的装置(1)，其特征在于，至少所述浇铸体(11)或所述浇铸配对体(12)具有弹出装置。
13.根据权利要求9所述的装置(1)，其特征在于，至少所述浇铸体(11)或所述浇铸配对体(12)具有弹出装置。
14.一种具有电机(100)的车辆(103)，其具有根据前述权利要求6至13中的任一项所述的定子(3)或根据权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的方法制造的定子(3)。
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