CN111410668A - 一种β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物及其制备方法和在异氰酸酯的硼氢化中的应用 - Google Patents
一种β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物及其制备方法和在异氰酸酯的硼氢化中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000071 diazene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- KUJOABUXCGVGIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium zinc Chemical compound [Li].[Zn] KUJOABUXCGVGIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000006197 hydroboration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- LZPWAYBEOJRFAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2$l^{2}-dioxaborolane Chemical compound CC1(C)O[B]OC1(C)C LZPWAYBEOJRFAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc iodide Chemical compound I[Zn]I UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- ADAKRBAJFHTIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-isocyanatobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 ADAKRBAJFHTIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FMDGXCSMDZMDHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-4-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 FMDGXCSMDZMDHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VBHCPGFCIQDXGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanatoadamantane Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC2CC1(N=C=O)C3 VBHCPGFCIQDXGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OQURWGJAWSLGQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanatopropane Chemical compound CCCN=C=O OQURWGJAWSLGQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HJHZRZFONUPQAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-isocyanato-1,3,5-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(N=C=O)C(C)=C1 HJHZRZFONUPQAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FEUFNKALUGDEMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-isocyanato-1,3-di(propan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1N=C=O FEUFNKALUGDEMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MGOLNIXAPIAKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-isocyanato-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N=C=O MGOLNIXAPIAKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GSLTVFIVJMCNBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-isocyanatopropane Chemical compound CC(C)N=C=O GSLTVFIVJMCNBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MGYGFNQQGAQEON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tolyl isocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 MGYGFNQQGAQEON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-MZWXYZOWSA-N benzene-d6 Chemical group [2H]C1=C([2H])C([2H])=C([2H])C([2H])=C1[2H] UHOVQNZJYSORNB-MZWXYZOWSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WUDNUHPRLBTKOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl isocyanate Chemical compound CCN=C=O WUDNUHPRLBTKOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- HNHVTXYLRVGMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl isocyanate Chemical compound CCCCN=C=O HNHVTXYLRVGMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 aldehyde ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazene Chemical compound N=N RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006459 hydrosilylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F3/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table
- C07F3/06—Zinc compounds
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
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- B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
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- C07C213/02—Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton by reactions involving the formation of amino groups from compounds containing hydroxy groups or etherified or esterified hydroxy groups
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- B01J2231/60—Reduction reactions, e.g. hydrogenation
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种β‑二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物及其制备方法和在异氰酸酯的硼氢化中的应用。该异氰酸酯的硼氢化方法为:在无水无氧条件下,将β‑二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物溶于溶剂中,加入频哪醇硼烷,再加入异氰酸酯,60℃反应6~12小时。本发明的异氰酸酯的硼氢化方法,β‑二亚胺锌锂双金属催化剂催化异氰酸酯与频哪醇硼烷反应的活性高,底物普适性宽,反应产率高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及异氰酸酯的硼氢化技术领域,具体涉及一种β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物及其制备方法和在异氰酸酯的硼氢化中的应用。
背景技术
活泼氢对于不饱和官能团的加成反应近年来受到广泛关注,尤其是对于碳氧双键的氢化反应在材料科学及生物化学等领域都有着潜在的应用前景。不饱和官能团的还原大都是有金属参与的催化反应,在过去几十年里,有大量的研究关于过渡金属催化该类反应,其中,锌催化此类反应的研究相对较少。最早的研究是Noyori使用硅烷和锌催化剂对醛酮进行的催化硅氢化(Ohkuma,T.;Hashiguchi,S.;Noyori,R.J.Org.Chem.1994,59,217-221.),以及之后Mimoun进行的类似反应(Mimoun,H.;De Saint Laumer,J.Y.;Giannini,L.;Scopelliti,R.;Floriani,C.J.Am.Chem.Soc.1999,121,6158-6166.Mimoun,H.J.,Org.Chem.1999,64,2582-2589)。此后很多课题组都对此进行了研究,在硅氢化及硼氢化方面,锌催化剂做出了巨大贡献,其中也包括了一些特殊的锌氢化物配合物催化。2004年,Carmona等人成功合成了首例低价态Zn(I)化合物Cp*ZnZnCp*,其具有特殊的Zn-Zn共价键(Resa,I.;Carmona,E.;Gutierrez-Puebla,E.;Monge,A.Science.2004,305,1136-1138)。此后Roesky等发现了其对于炔烃胺氢化卓越的催化性能(Lühl,A.;Nayek,H.P.;Blechert,S.;Roesky,P.W.Chem.Commun.2011.47,8280-8282)。2017年Hill等人使用10%mol的镁丁基化物催化了异氰酸酯和频哪醇硼烷的硼氢化反应,该反应分步进行。当异氰酸酯与频哪醇硼烷的投料为1∶3时,主要生成甲基胺化合物(Yang,Y.;Anker,M.D.;Fang,J.;Mahon,M.F.;Maron,L.;Weetman,C.;Hill,M.S.Chem.Sci.2017,8,3529-3537)。
对于锌锂双金属卤化物催化的报道较少,此前还没有人使用此类催化剂催化过异氰酸酯的硼氢化反应.
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的不足,本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物,满足作为异氰酸酯的硼氢化方法中的催化剂的使用需求。本发明所要解决的另一技术问题是提供一种β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物的制备方法。本发明还要解决一个技术问题是提供一种异氰酸酯的硼氢化方法,反应催化效率高,反应的活性高,底物普适性宽,产物得率高。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:
β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物,结构式如下:
一种制备所述的β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物的方法,步骤如下:
(1)无水无氧条件下、单口反应管中,将β-二亚胺配体溶于乙醚溶液中,-80~-40℃,正丁基锂逐滴加入上述溶液,恢复到室温反应过夜,得到β-二亚胺配体锂盐;其中,β-二亚胺配体、正丁基锂的摩尔比为1∶1.1;其反应式如下:
(2)再将上述溶液于-80~-40℃逐滴加入碘化锌的乙醚溶液中,恢复到室温反应8~24h,得到β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物;其中,β-二亚胺配体锂盐、碘化锌的摩尔比为1∶1;其反应式如下:
所述的β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物在异氰酸酯的硼氢化中的应用。
所述的应用,硼氢化中的催化剂为β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物。
所述的应用,异氰酸酯选自异氰酸异丙酯、异氰酸乙酯、正丙基异氰酸酯、正丁基异氰酸酯、叔丁基异氰酸酯、金刚烷基异氰酸酯、4-甲基苯基异氰酸酯、4-甲氧基苯基异氰酸酯、2,6-二异丙基苯基异氰酸酯、2,4,6-三甲基苯基异氰酸酯、4-氯苯基异氰酸酯。
一种异氰酸酯的硼氢化方法,将β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物溶于溶剂中,加入频哪醇硼烷,再加入异氰酸酯,60℃反应6~12小时;异氰酸酯与β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物的摩尔比为20∶1;β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物的结构式如下:
所述的异氰酸酯选自异氰酸异丙酯、异氰酸乙酯、正丙基异氰酸酯、正丁基异氰酸酯、叔丁基异氰酸酯、金刚烷基异氰酸酯、4-甲基苯基异氰酸酯、4-甲氧基苯基异氰酸酯、2,6-二异丙基苯基异氰酸酯、2,4,6-三甲基苯基异氰酸酯、4-氯苯基异氰酸酯。
所述的溶剂为C6D6。
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明的方法,反应过程简单易操作,实验中所需物品毒性小,安全环保,产物易提纯、得率高,且在室温下可以储存,β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物能够有效的催化异氰酸酯的硼氢化反应,反应催化效率高,反应的活性高,底物普适性宽,产物得率高。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。以下实施例中,过滤、抽干、萃取、浓缩、冷冻结晶、分离等操作步骤属于现有技术,本领域技术人员可以根据实际产物的性质予以选择。
实施例1
β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物的制备,过程如下:
(1)无水无氧条件下,单口反应管中,将β-二亚胺配体溶于乙醚溶液中,-80~-40℃,正丁基锂逐滴加入上述溶液,恢复到室温反应过夜,得到β-二亚胺配体锂盐;其中,β-二亚胺配体、正丁基锂的摩尔比为1∶1.1;
(2)再将上述溶液于-80~-40℃逐滴加入碘化锌的乙醚溶液中,恢复到室温反应8~24h,得到β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物;其中,β-二亚胺配体锂盐、碘化锌的摩尔比为1∶1。产物过滤,滤液浓缩至约5mL,在2℃析出无色晶体1.63g,产率72%。1H NMR(600MHz,C6D6):δ7.13(m,3H,Ar-H),6.81(m,2H,Ar-H),4.95(s,1H,NC(CH3)CH),3.33-3.30(m,10H,CH(CH3)2+OCH2CH3 overlap),2.23(s,6H,Ar-o-CH3),2.13(s,3H,Ar-p-CH3),1.70(s,3H,NCCH3),1.60(s,3H,NCCH3),1.42-1.41(d,JHH=6.6Hz,6H,CH(CH3)2),1.18-1.16(d,JHH=6.6Hz,6H,CH(CH3)2),1.08-1.06(t,JHH=7.2Hz,12H,OCH2CH3).
实施例2
β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物催化异氰酸异丙酯与频哪醇硼烷的反应,过程如下:
无水无氧条件下,单口反应管中,依次加入0.29μmol β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物,5.88μmol异氰酸异丙酯和20.58μmol频哪醇硼烷,使用0.5mL C6D6溶解,加入搅拌子于60℃搅拌6h,通过核磁谱图得出产率99%。
实施例3
β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物催化异氰酸乙酯与频哪醇硼烷的反应,过程如下:
无水无氧条件下,单口反应管中,依次加入0.29μmol β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物,5.88μmol异氰酸乙酯和20.58μmol频哪醇硼烷,使用0.5mL C6D6溶解,加入搅拌子于60℃搅拌6h,通过核磁谱图得出产率99%。
实施例4
β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物催化正丙基异氰酸酯与频哪醇硼烷的反应,过程如下:
无水无氧条件下,单口反应管中,依次加入0.29μmol β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物,5.88μmol正丙基异氰酸酯和20.58μmol频哪醇硼烷,使用0.5mL C6D6溶解,加入搅拌子于60℃搅拌6h,通过核磁谱图得出产率99%。
实施例5
β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物催化正丁基异氰酸酯与频哪醇硼烷的反应,过程如下:
无水无氧条件下,单口反应管中,依次加入0.29μmol β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物,5.88μmol正丁基异氰酸酯和20.58μmol频哪醇硼烷,使用0.5mL C6D6溶解,加入搅拌子于60℃搅拌6h,通过核磁谱图得出产率99%。
实施例6
β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物催化叔丁基异氰酸酯与频哪醇硼烷的反应,过程如下:
无水无氧条件下,单口反应管中,依次加入0.29μmol β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物,5.88μmol叔丁基异氰酸酯和20.58μmol频哪醇硼烷,使用0.5mL C6D6溶解,加入搅拌子于60℃搅拌6h,通过核磁谱图得出产率95%。
实施例7
β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物催化金刚烷基异氰酸酯与频哪醇硼烷的反应,过程如下:
无水无氧条件下,单口反应管中,依次加入0.29μmolβ-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物,5.88μmol金刚烷基异氰酸酯和20.58μmol频哪醇硼烷,使用0.5mL C6D6溶解,加入搅拌子于60℃搅拌6h,通过核磁谱图得出产率99%。
实施例8
β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物催化4-甲基苯基异氰酸酯与频哪醇硼烷的反应,过程如下:
无水无氧条件下,单口反应管中,依次加入0.29μmol β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物,5.88μmol 4-甲基苯基异氰酸酯和17.64μmol频哪醇硼烷,使用0.5mL C6D6溶解,加入搅拌子于60℃搅拌6h,通过核磁谱图得出产率94%。
实施例9
β-二亚胺锌锂双金属桥连卤化物催化4-甲氧基苯基异氰酸酯与频哪醇硼烷的反应,过程如下:
无水无氧条件下,单口反应管中,依次加入0.29μmol β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物,5.88μmol 4-甲氧基苯基异氰酸酯和17.64μmol频哪醇硼烷,使用0.5mL C6D6溶解,加入搅拌子于60℃搅拌6h,通过核磁谱图得出产率93%。
实施例10
β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物催化2,6-二异丙基苯基异氰酸酯与频哪醇硼烷的反应,过程如下:
无水无氧条件下,单口反应管中,依次加入0.29μmol β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物,5.88μmol 2,6-二异丙基苯基异氰酸酯和17.64μmol频哪醇硼烷,使用0.5mL C6D6溶解,加入搅拌子于60℃搅拌6h,通过核磁谱图得出产率99%。
实施例11
β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物催化2,4,6-三甲基苯基异氰酸酯与频哪醇硼烷的反应,过程如下:
无水无氧条件下,单口反应管中,依次加入0.29μmol β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物,5.88μmol 2,4,6-三甲基苯基异氰酸酯和17.64μmol频哪醇硼烷,使用0.5mL C6D6溶解,加入搅拌子于60℃搅拌6h,通过核磁谱图得出产率98%。
实施例12
β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物催化4-氯苯基异氰酸酯与频哪醇硼烷的反应,过程如下:
无水无氧条件下,单口反应管中,依次加入0.29μmol β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物,5.88μmol 4-氯苯基异氰酸酯和17.64μmol频哪醇硼烷,使用0.5mL C6D6溶解,加入搅拌子于60℃搅拌6h,通过核磁谱图得出产率99%。
Claims (8)
2.一种制备权利要求1所述的β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物的方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
(1)无水无氧条件下、单口反应管中,将β-二亚胺配体溶于乙醚溶液中,-80~-40℃,正丁基锂逐滴加入上述溶液,恢复到室温反应过夜,得到β-二亚胺配体锂盐;其中,β-二亚胺配体、正丁基锂的摩尔比为1∶1.1;
(2)再将上述溶液于-80~-40℃逐滴加入碘化锌的乙醚溶液中,恢复到室温反应8~24h,得到β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物;其中,β-二亚胺配体锂盐、碘化锌的摩尔比为1∶1。
3.权利要求1所述的β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物在异氰酸酯的硼氢化中的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,硼氢化中的催化剂为β-二亚胺锌锂双金属化合物。
5.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,异氰酸酯选自异氰酸异丙酯、异氰酸乙酯、正丙基异氰酸酯、正丁基异氰酸酯、叔丁基异氰酸酯、金刚烷基异氰酸酯、4-甲基苯基异氰酸酯、4-甲氧基苯基异氰酸酯、2,6-二异丙基苯基异氰酸酯、2,4,6-三甲基苯基异氰酸酯、4-氯苯基异氰酸酯。
7.根据权利要求6所述的异氰酸酯的硼氢化方法,其特征在于:所述的异氰酸酯选自异氰酸异丙酯、异氰酸乙酯、正丙基异氰酸酯、正丁基异氰酸酯、叔丁基异氰酸酯、金刚烷基异氰酸酯、4-甲基苯基异氰酸酯、4-甲氧基苯基异氰酸酯、2,6-二异丙基苯基异氰酸酯、2,4,6-三甲基苯基异氰酸酯、4-氯苯基异氰酸酯。
8.根据权利要求6所述的异氰酸酯的硼氢化方法,其特征在于:所述的溶剂为C6D6。
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