CN111388581A - Preparation method of processed rhizoma arisaematis - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicine preparation, in particular to a preparation method of processed rhizoma arisaematis. The method comprises the following steps: 1) soaking rhizoma arisaematis in water, and decocting with rhizoma Zingiberis recens and Alumen until there is no dry core; 2) taking out, airing or baking to be semi-dry, and cutting into slices; 3) subjecting the sheet to attenuation treatment and drying to obtain rhizoma arisaematis preparata. The invention can effectively weaken the toxicity of the rhizoma arisaematis, reduce toxic and side effects, and solve the problems that the traditional rhizoma arisaematis preparation process only removes surface toxicity, and internal toxicity easily enters liquid medicine in the process of decocting the rhizoma arisaematis into a medicine, so that the traditional rhizoma arisaematis preparation easily generates toxin accumulation after long-term administration, and slight poisoning symptoms occur.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicine preparation, in particular to a preparation method of processed rhizoma arisaematis.
Background
The processed rhizoma arisaematis is a common traditional Chinese medicine, and is a processed product of rhizoma arisaematis. Rhizoma arisaematis has effects of eliminating dampness and phlegm, dispelling pathogenic wind and relieving spasm, resolving hard mass and subsiding swelling, and can be used for treating intractable phlegm cough, wind phlegm giddiness, apoplexy phlegm stagnation, wry eye and mouth, hemiplegia, epilepsia, infantile convulsion, tetanus, etc. by oral administration, and for treating carbuncle swelling and snake and insect bite by external application. Has wide application and higher medicinal value.
The raw material rhizoma arisaematis for preparing rhizoma arisaematis is specifically subdivided into a plurality of varieties of rhizoma arisaematis, arisaema heterophyllum, rhizoma arisaematis northeast and the like, but the rhizoma arisaematis has certain toxicity. According to records of various articles published in Bencao gang mu Shi Yi and later researches, toxicity of rhizoma arisaematis to human bodies can cause oral mucosa erosion, even shedding and necrosis, dry throat, burning sensation, swollen tongue body, edema of lips and lips, massive salivation, numbness of mouth and tongue, loss of taste sense, hoarseness, difficult mouth opening and the like, and serious problems of dizziness, palpitation, numbness of limbs, even coma, asphyxia, apnea, dysnoesia and the like of serious patients occur, which are mainly reflected in the influence on motor nerves, and semi-permanent or even permanent injury can be caused if the serious patients are not cured in time.
Zhangming-Xiv-Xianhua toxicity and poisoning relief method [ J ] Chinese traditional medicine modern distance education, 2011,09(21) records toxicity and post-poisoning relief method of arisaema.
The toxicity of the processed rhizoma arisaematis is greatly reduced after attenuation as a processed product of the rhizoma arisaematis, but the toxicity of the surface layer of the rhizoma arisaematis is only reduced by the conventional rhizoma arisaematis processing and attenuation operation, the toxicity of alkaloid contained in the rhizoma arisaematis is still not effectively removed, a small amount of toxicity still enters into liquid medicine in the process of decocting traditional Chinese medicine, toxin accumulation is easy to generate under the condition of long-term medicine taking, and a patient who takes the rhizoma arisaematis for a long time usually has light poisoning symptoms, such as slight numbness of limbs and the like, which are usually expressed by voluntary exercise amount reduction, rest time ratio increase, and the toxicity elimination usually needs half a month to one month, so the medicine taking is limited. As regards this problem, there is currently no effective solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of rhizoma arisaematis preparata, which aims to solve the problems that only surface toxicity is removed in the existing preparation process of rhizoma arisaematis preparata, and internal toxicity easily enters liquid medicine in the process of decocting rhizoma arisaematis preparata into medicine, so that the existing rhizoma arisaematis preparata is easy to generate toxin accumulation after long-term administration, and slight poisoning symptoms appear. The invention aims to: weaken the toxicity of the rhizoma arisaematis preparata.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A method for preparing rhizoma arisaematis preparata comprises,
the method comprises the following steps:
1) soaking rhizoma arisaematis in water, and decocting with rhizoma Zingiberis recens and Alumen until there is no dry core;
2) taking out, airing or baking to be semi-dry, and cutting into slices;
3) subjecting the sheet to attenuation treatment and drying to obtain rhizoma arisaematis preparata.
The attenuation treatment of the slices is added in the preparation process of the traditional rhizoma arisaematis, the toxin in the rhizoma arisaematis cut into the slices is released and leached through the attenuation treatment, the toxin content in the prepared rhizoma arisaematis finished product is reduced through reducing the toxin in the slices, and the toxicity of the rhizoma arisaematis is reduced. Unlike arisaema cum bile, which is kneaded with ground powder of arisaema cum bile, arisaema cum bile has a stronger toxicity than arisaema cum bile and is more necessary for attenuation treatment, but the attenuation difficulty is further increased due to the restriction of the sheet form.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
step 1) the dip bleaching comprises the following steps: soaking rhizoma arisaematis in water in a washing and moistening pool for 2-3 days, and changing water 2-3 times every day until the rhizoma arisaematis tastes numb tongue.
The operation has a good soaking effect, and can effectively remove the alkaloid toxicity overflowing from the rhizoma arisaematis.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
during the bleaching, if foam is generated in water, the water is changed, and then alum is added;
the mass ratio of the alum to the rhizoma arisaematis added during the bleaching is (1-3): 100.
foaming during bleaching indicates that gas is generated, indicates that the problems of microorganism adhesion and the like exist, and can be effectively and primarily disinfected and sterilized after the alum is added, so that serious toxic and side effects are avoided.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
step 1), the mass ratio of rhizoma arisaematis, ginger and alum during co-cooking is 100: (10-15): (10-15).
The boiling effect of the mixture ratio is better.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
and 2) the thickness of the slice is 1-2 mm.
The thin slice of this thickness is convenient for dispensing, transporting and storing.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
step 3) the attenuation treatment comprises the following steps:
soaking the slices in an enzyme solution for 5-10 min, then carrying out ultrasonic wall breaking treatment on the slices and the enzyme solution at 120-180W and 45-60 kHz for 8-12 min, and then filtering and cleaning the slices.
In the attenuation treatment process, the power, frequency and duration of the ultrasonic wall breaking treatment need to be strictly controlled. The control to the power mainly lies in, can produce more, bigger and denser cavitation bubble when power is great, and the cavitation bubble can carry out the physics broken wall to the plant cell wall, but when processing the system arisaema cum bile thin slice of slice form, the power has also influenced the adhesive film thickness that the thin slice surface formed, and the adhesive film that the supersound produced can increase along with the increase of ultrasonic power, consequently when power reaches certain degree, no matter how many cavitation bubbles produce, can't break through the adhesive film on thin slice surface, carries out effectual physics broken wall to the thin slice. The effect of frequency on ultrasonic wall breaking is that the increase of frequency is beneficial to reducing the thickness of a viscous film on the surface of a slice, but the too high frequency can cause the slice to be broken, and the broken slice in a solution can easily cause a great loss of drug property, so the attenuation treatment in the invention focuses on: the good wall breaking effect is realized, the plant cell wall is thinned, the toxin in the rhizoma arisaematis is dissolved and reduced, and the drug property is kept to a high degree.
Through a large number of research experiments, the ultrasonic treatment effect of the power, the frequency and the duration is found to be in an optimal interval.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
the enzyme solution is a cellulase solution and contains or does not contain hemicellulase;
the total enzyme dosage of the cellulase and the hemicellulase is 140-220 u/1g of slices.
The common enzyme solution for wall breaking is a mixed solution of pectinase and cellulase, but the technical scheme of the invention requires certain retention of cell walls, so that less cellulase is mainly selected for enzymolysis wall breaking, the cellulase is selected for retention of pectin, the pectin can be absorbed by human bodies as a nutrient component, the wall breaking effect can be slightly enhanced under the condition of auxiliary application of hemicellulase, and the hemicellulase mainly has the effect of softening sheets. The cellulase can be used for achieving a good cell wall thinning effect and avoiding the complete wall breaking problem caused by an excessively high enzymolysis speed.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
the enzyme activity ratio of the cellulase to the hemicellulase in the enzyme solution is (140-220): (0 to 20).
The proportion can achieve the optimal cell wall thinning effect.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the preparation method is simple and efficient;
2) can effectively weaken the toxicity of the rhizoma arisaematis preparata and reduce toxic and side effects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of FIG. 1 comparing the distance of horizontal walking for test stages Y0, Y3, Y6 and Y9;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the horizontal travel distance for test phases Y1-Y5;
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the horizontal travel distance for test stages Y3 and Y10-Y12;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of the horizontal travel distance for test stages Y3 and Y13-Y15;
FIG. 5 is a comparison of the horizontal walking distance for test stages Y3, Y7, and Y8;
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the rest times for test stages Y0, Y3, and Y6-Y9;
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing the number of jumps during test stages Y0, Y3, and Y6-Y9.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the attached drawing figures. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these teachings. Moreover, the embodiments of the present invention described in the following description are generally only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are all commercially available or available to those skilled in the art; unless otherwise specified, the methods used in the examples of the present invention are all those known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
A preparation method of rhizoma arisaematis preparata comprises the following preparation steps:
1) soaking the rhizoma arisaematis in water in a moistening pool for 2 days, changing water for 3 times every day, and adding alum accounting for 3 wt% of the mass of the rhizoma arisaematis when changing water for the next day until the rhizoma arisaematis tastes numb tongue, and then setting the mass ratio of the taken rhizoma arisaematis to the ginger to the alum to be 100: 15: 15 boiling until no dry core exists;
2) taking out, airing or baking to be semi-dry, and cutting into slices with the thickness of 1 mm;
3) soaking the slices in a cellulase solution for 10min, wherein the ratio of the mass of the slices to the dosage of the cellulase in the cellulase solution is 1 g: 140u, then carrying out ultrasonic wall breaking treatment for 12min at 180W and 60kHz together with a cellulase solution, filtering out slices, cleaning and drying to obtain the rhizoma arisaematis preparata.
Example 2
A preparation method of rhizoma arisaematis preparata comprises the following preparation steps:
1) soaking rhizoma arisaematis in water in a washing pool for 3 days, changing water for 2 times every day, adding Alumen with an amount of 1 wt% of rhizoma arisaematis every time on the second day until the rhizoma arisaematis tastes numb tongue, and then taking out rhizoma arisaematis, rhizoma Zingiberis recens and Alumen at a mass ratio of 100: 10: 10 boiling until no dry core exists;
2) taking out, airing or baking to be semi-dry, and cutting into slices with the thickness of 2 mm;
3) soaking the slices in a cellulase solution for 10min, wherein the ratio of the mass of the slices to the dosage of the cellulase in the cellulase solution is 1 g: 220u, then carrying out 120W and 45kHz ultrasonic wall breaking treatment on the rhizoma arisaematis with a cellulase solution for 12min, filtering out slices, cleaning and drying to obtain the rhizoma arisaematis preparata.
Example 3
A preparation method of rhizoma arisaematis preparata comprises the following preparation steps:
1) soaking rhizoma arisaematis in water in a washing pool for 3 days, changing water for 3 times every day, adding Alumen with an amount of 1 wt% of rhizoma arisaematis every time on the second day until the rhizoma arisaematis tastes numb tongue, and then taking out rhizoma arisaematis, rhizoma Zingiberis recens and Alumen at a mass ratio of 100: 15: 10 boiling until no dry core exists;
2) taking out, airing or baking to be semi-dry, and cutting into slices with the thickness of 2 mm;
3) soaking the slices in a cellulase solution for 10min, wherein the ratio of the mass of the slices to the dosage of the cellulase in the cellulase solution is 1 g: 200u, then carrying out ultrasonic wall breaking treatment at 180W and 55kHz for 10min together with a cellulase solution, then filtering out slices, cleaning and drying to obtain the rhizoma arisaematis preparata.
Example 4
A preparation method of rhizoma arisaematis preparata comprises the following preparation steps:
1) soaking rhizoma arisaematis in water in a washing pool for 3 days, changing water for 3 times every day, adding Alumen with an amount of 1 wt% of rhizoma arisaematis every time on the second day until the rhizoma arisaematis tastes numb tongue, and then taking out rhizoma arisaematis, rhizoma Zingiberis recens and Alumen at a mass ratio of 100: 15: 10 boiling until no dry core exists;
2) taking out, airing or baking to be semi-dry, and cutting into slices with the thickness of 2 mm;
3) soaking the sheet in a mixed enzyme solution of cellulase and hemicellulase for 10min, wherein the enzyme activity ratio of the cellulase to the hemicellulase in the mixed enzyme solution is 180: 20, and the ratio of the mass of the slices to the total enzyme dosage in the enzyme solution is 1 g: 200u, then carrying out ultrasonic wall breaking treatment for 8min at 150W and 55kHz with cellulase solution, filtering out slices, cleaning and drying to obtain the rhizoma arisaematis preparata.
Example 5
A preparation method of rhizoma arisaematis preparata comprises the following preparation steps:
1) soaking rhizoma arisaematis in water in a washing pool for 3 days, changing water for 3 times every day, adding Alumen with an amount of 1 wt% of rhizoma arisaematis every time on the second day until the rhizoma arisaematis tastes numb tongue, and then taking out rhizoma arisaematis, rhizoma Zingiberis recens and Alumen at a mass ratio of 100: 15: 10 boiling until no dry core exists;
2) taking out, airing or baking to be semi-dry, and cutting into slices with the thickness of 2 mm;
3) soaking the slices in a cellulase solution for 10min, wherein the ratio of the mass of the slices to the dosage of the cellulase in the cellulase solution is 1 g: 180u, then carrying out ultrasonic wall breaking treatment for 8min at 180W and 60kHz together with a cellulase solution, then filtering out slices, cleaning and drying to obtain the rhizoma arisaematis preparata.
Comparative example 1
The specific procedure was the same as in example 3, except that: the rhizoma arisaematis preparata is obtained by directly washing and drying the slices without carrying out attenuation treatment on the slices.
Comparative example 2
The specific procedure was the same as in example 3, except that: the power of the ultrasonic treatment was 100W and the frequency was 35 kHz.
Comparative example 3
The specific procedure was the same as in example 3, except that: the power of the ultrasonic treatment was 240W and the frequency was 70 kHz.
Comparative example 4
Directly grinding rhizoma arisaematis into powder to obtain rhizoma arisaematis powder.
The following toxicological and pharmacological tests were performed on the arisaema consanguineum prepared in examples 1 to 5 and the products obtained in comparative examples 1 to 4 as drugs to be tested, the experimental animals were male ICR traagulants (traagulants) of 4 to 6 weeks old, and the test environment maintenance conditions were: the temperature is maintained at 22 +/-1.0 ℃, the humidity is maintained at 50 +/-5%, the artificial illumination adopts simulated sunlight, and the day and night change is carried out in 12 h.
Before testing, the extracted liquid of each drug to be tested after being soaked in deionized water for 7 days is taken as the drug liquid to be tested, and the drug liquid to be tested is respectively numbered, and the number, the components and the concentration of the drug liquid to be tested are shown in the following table 1, wherein: the concentration of the drug to be tested is the volume ratio of the mass of the drug to be tested to the deionized water in the soaking process.
Table 1: reference table for serial number of the liquid medicine to be tested and its components and concentration.
And (5) a testing stage.
During testing: the method is characterized in that ten traggins are used as a group, the liquid medicine to be tested of each serial number is tested as a group, the traggins in the same group feed the liquid medicine to be tested of the same serial number through stomach tubes, and therefore the group serial number of the set traggins is the same as the serial number of the used liquid medicine to be tested, so that the specification is facilitated. The amount of the liquid to be tested was 2cc/kg body weight (i.e., 2cc was administered to a traagulus rat weighing 1 kg) and three times per day at 9:00, 12:00 and 17:00, respectively. In addition, a control group (No. Y0) was provided, and the same experimental animals were used for the control group, and the drug solution to be tested was replaced with physiological saline. The day0 data was obtained as tests and data records before administration, day1, day2 and day3 were obtained for the administration period, and administration was stopped from the fourth day after three days of administration, and the tests and data records were obtained on the first day (day4), the fourth day (day7), the seventh day (day10), the eleventh day (day14), the eighteenth day (day21), the twenty-fifth day (day28) and the thirty-fifth day (day38) after administration. All recorded data were averaged and the test and data records included the following.
Measurement of spontaneous exercise amount of the chevrons: the test is carried out according to the method described in Zhong medical , sixth 28 th volume 2001 (number CCMP97-RD-020), pages 213 to 214, and the method records various activity and behavior changes of the mice in each group, and specifically comprises the following steps: horizontal ambulation (horizontal lococolor), rest time (rest time) and number of jumps (jump). Recording was started 5min after each dose and continued for 30 min. The results are shown in FIGS. 1 to 7. Due to the limitation of the size of the graph, a single graph only takes part of the data to perform a comparison test, and only part of the data is shown, wherein fig. 1 is a comparison graph of the horizontal walking distances of Y0, Y3, Y6 and Y9, fig. 2 is a comparison graph of the horizontal walking distances of Y1 to Y5, fig. 3 is a comparison graph of the horizontal walking distances of Y3 and Y10 to Y12, fig. 4 is a comparison graph of the horizontal walking distances of Y3 and Y13 to Y15, fig. 5 is a comparison graph of the horizontal walking distances of Y3, Y7 and Y8, fig. 6 is a comparison graph of the rest times of Y0, Y3 and Y6 to Y9, and fig. 7 is a comparison graph of the jumping times of Y0, Y3 and Y6 to Y9.
It is obvious from the figure that, compared with the rhizoma arisaematis prepared by the conventional preparation process, the prepared rhizoma arisaematis prepared by the invention has lower toxicity and quicker recovery of spontaneous exercise, for example, the conventional rhizoma arisaematis prepared by the invention can completely recover spontaneous exercise after stopping administration for about 28 days, but the prepared rhizoma arisaematis prepared by the invention can quickly recover about 10 days after stopping administration, and the reduction of spontaneous exercise during administration is better than that of the rhizoma arisaematis prepared by the conventional process, and the effect is more obvious compared with the rhizoma arisaematis prepared by the conventional process.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of rhizoma arisaematis preparata is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
1) soaking rhizoma arisaematis in water, and decocting with rhizoma Zingiberis recens and Alumen until there is no dry core;
2) taking out, airing or baking to be semi-dry, and cutting into slices;
3) subjecting the sheet to attenuation treatment and drying to obtain rhizoma arisaematis preparata.
2. The method for preparing rhizoma arisaematis preparata according to claim 1, wherein the rhizoma arisaematis preparata is prepared by the steps of,
step 1) the dip bleaching comprises the following steps: soaking rhizoma arisaematis in water in a washing and moistening pool for 2-3 days, and changing water 2-3 times every day until the rhizoma arisaematis tastes numb tongue.
3. The method for preparing rhizoma arisaematis preparata according to claim 2,
during the bleaching, if foam is generated in water, the water is changed, and then alum is added;
the mass ratio of the alum to the rhizoma arisaematis added during the bleaching is (1-3): 100.
4. the method for preparing rhizoma arisaematis preparata according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
step 1), the mass ratio of rhizoma arisaematis, ginger and alum during co-cooking is 100: (10-15): (10-15).
5. The method for preparing rhizoma arisaematis preparata according to claim 1, wherein the rhizoma arisaematis preparata is prepared by the steps of,
and 2) the thickness of the slice is 1-2 mm.
6. The method for preparing rhizoma arisaematis preparata according to claim 1, wherein the rhizoma arisaematis preparata is prepared by the steps of,
step 3) the attenuation treatment comprises the following steps:
soaking the slices in an enzyme solution for 5-10 min, then carrying out ultrasonic wall breaking treatment on the slices and the enzyme solution at 120-180W and 45-60 kHz for 8-12 min, and then filtering and cleaning the slices.
7. The method for preparing rhizoma arisaematis preparata according to claim 6,
the enzyme solution is a cellulase solution and contains or does not contain hemicellulase;
the total enzyme dosage of the cellulase and the hemicellulase is 140-220 u/1g of slices.
8. The method for preparing rhizoma arisaematis preparata according to claim 7, wherein the step of preparing the rhizoma arisaematis comprises the step of preparing the rhizoma arisaematis preparata according to the method,
the enzyme activity ratio of the cellulase to the hemicellulase in the enzyme solution is (140-220): (0 to 20).
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| CN101934009A (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2011-01-05 | 北京同仁堂（亳州）饮片有限责任公司 | Preparation method for processed arisaema tubers |
| CN102205014A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2011-10-05 | 南京中医药大学 | Method for processing rhizoma arisaematis |
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