CN111387992B - Thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging method and device based on Lambert beer law - Google Patents

Thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging method and device based on Lambert beer law Download PDF

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CN111387992B
CN111387992B CN202010091855.5A CN202010091855A CN111387992B CN 111387992 B CN111387992 B CN 111387992B CN 202010091855 A CN202010091855 A CN 202010091855A CN 111387992 B CN111387992 B CN 111387992B
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light
wavelength lambda
thin layer
layer tissue
blood oxygen
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CN111387992A (en
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张锦龙
张峰
尤贺
贺静
樊琳琳
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Henan University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14542—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue for measuring blood gases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
    • G06T7/0012—Biomedical image inspection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10141—Special mode during image acquisition
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30004—Biomedical image processing
    • G06T2207/30101—Blood vessel; Artery; Vein; Vascular

Abstract

The invention provides a thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging method and device based on Lambert beer law. The method comprises the following steps: controlling the light source to emit the first wavelength lambda in sequence1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The light of (2); respectively collected at a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The images of the thin layer tissue to be detected under the irradiation of the light are sequentially recorded as a first thin layer tissue image, a second thin layer tissue image and a third thin layer tissue image; calculating the blood oxygen distribution of the thin layer tissue to be measured by adopting a preset blood oxygen distribution algorithm according to the first thin layer tissue image, the second thin layer tissue image and the third thin layer tissue image; and converting the blood oxygen distribution of the thin tissue to be measured into an image domain for displaying. According to the invention, two-dimensional light intensity distribution under different wavelengths is measured according to the difference of the absorption intensity of blood and other components to different wavelengths, so that two-dimensional distribution of blood oxygen saturation is obtained, and the function of identifying the blood vessel ureter is further achieved.

Description

Thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging method and device based on Lambert beer law
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomedicine, in particular to a thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging method and device based on Lambert beer law.
Background
In clinical surgery, especially in abdominal or pelvic surgery, it is usually necessary to operate a blood vessel during the operation, but since the ureter and the blood vessel are covered with tissue components such as fat, tissue adhesion is heavy, and thus a surgeon cannot normally dissect the ureter, the blood vessel and surrounding tissues, and there are many reasons that the surgeon has insufficient experience, and the trend of the normal ureter and the blood vessel is not familiar enough, and the ureter is accidentally injured or even necrotized, and once the ureter is injured, there are many complications, for example, there are cases that the genitourinary apparatus forms a fistula, hydronephrosis and renal function damage, and even acute renal failure is caused. And the ureter injury is not rare in the operation process, so that the ureter and the blood vessel are accurately identified, and the avoidance of accidental injury of the ureter in the operation is an important link for carrying out correct and efficient operation.
In the clinical operation process, a surgeon often distinguishes the ureter from the blood vessel by observing the flowing condition of liquid in the pipeline through operations such as touching, pressing and the like by means of image-related information obtained by examination before a patient operates in combination with clinical practice experience, but the ureter and the blood vessel are determined to have risks by means of experience. The literature, "inspired super-blood oxygen saturation detection technology research — design [ D ]. 2013" of a noninvasive pulse blood oxygen saturation detector provides a detection algorithm for detecting blood oxygen saturation based on the change of a pulse wave based on Lambert beer's law, the detected blood oxygen saturation is arterial blood oxygen saturation which mainly measures oxygen supply level of a human body, but the index cannot reflect local blood oxygen saturation, and besides, the method cannot be applied to places where the pulse wave is not obvious, such as detection of blood oxygen saturation of a skin surface or tissues.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging method and device based on Lambert beer law, aiming at solving the problems that the conventional method for differentiating ureter and blood vessel by experience has high misjudgment rate and the existing blood oxygen saturation detection algorithm cannot be suitable for the blood oxygen saturation of a skin surface or a tissue.
The invention provides a thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging method based on Lambert beer law, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, controlling a light source to sequentially emit a first wavelength lambda1Light of, second waveLong lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The light of (2);
step 2, respectively collecting the wavelengths lambda at the first wavelength1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The images of the thin layer tissue to be detected under the irradiation of the light are sequentially recorded as a first thin layer tissue image, a second thin layer tissue image and a third thin layer tissue image;
step 3, calculating by adopting a preset blood oxygen distribution algorithm to obtain blood oxygen distribution of the thin layer tissue to be detected according to the first thin layer tissue image, the second thin layer tissue image and the third thin layer tissue image;
and 4, converting the blood oxygen distribution of the thin layer tissue to be detected into an image domain for displaying.
Further, the preset blood oxygen distribution algorithm is as follows:
Figure BDA0002383932800000021
wherein, spo2Representing a blood oxygen saturation value;
Figure BDA00023839328000000212
representing a first lamina tissue image;
Figure BDA00023839328000000213
representing a second lamina tissue image;
Figure BDA00023839328000000214
representing a third lamina tissue image;
Figure BDA0002383932800000022
and
Figure BDA0002383932800000023
representing the ratio of light intensities obtained according to an experimental calibration method;
Figure BDA0002383932800000024
and
Figure BDA0002383932800000025
respectively represent a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The reduced hemoglobin absorption coefficient of light;
Figure BDA0002383932800000026
and
Figure BDA0002383932800000027
respectively represent a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The oxyhemoglobin absorption coefficient of light of (a).
Further, the experimental calibration method specifically comprises the following steps:
fixing n x n detector array in the air at a preset position away from the light source, and measuring a first wavelength lambda by using the detector array1Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure BDA0002383932800000028
A second wavelength lambda2Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure BDA0002383932800000029
A third wavelength λ3Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure BDA00023839328000000210
Then there is
Figure BDA00023839328000000211
Further, the step 4 specifically includes:
and mapping the blood oxygen distribution of the thin tissue to be detected between 0 and 255 to form a gray scale image for displaying.
The invention also provides a thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging device based on the Lambert beer law, which comprises:
a control unit for controlling the light sources to emit the first light beams in sequenceWavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The light of (2);
an image acquisition unit for respectively acquiring at the first wavelength λ1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The images of the thin layer tissue to be detected under the irradiation of the light are sequentially recorded as a first thin layer tissue image, a second thin layer tissue image and a third thin layer tissue image;
the blood oxygen distribution calculating unit is used for calculating the blood oxygen distribution of the thin layer tissue to be detected by adopting a preset blood oxygen distribution algorithm according to the first thin layer tissue image, the second thin layer tissue image and the third thin layer tissue image;
and the display unit is used for converting the blood oxygen distribution of the thin layer tissue to be detected into an image domain for displaying.
Further, the preset blood oxygen distribution algorithm is as follows:
Figure BDA0002383932800000031
wherein, spo2Representing a blood oxygen saturation value;
Figure BDA0002383932800000032
representing a first lamina tissue image;
Figure BDA0002383932800000033
representing a second lamina tissue image;
Figure BDA0002383932800000034
representing a third lamina tissue image;
Figure BDA0002383932800000035
and
Figure BDA0002383932800000036
representing the ratio of light intensities obtained according to an experimental calibration method;
Figure BDA0002383932800000037
and
Figure BDA0002383932800000038
respectively represent a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The reduced hemoglobin absorption coefficient of light;
Figure BDA0002383932800000039
and
Figure BDA00023839328000000310
respectively represent a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The oxyhemoglobin absorption coefficient of light of (a).
Furthermore, the device also comprises a detector, and the light intensity ratio is obtained by utilizing the detector according to an experimental calibration method
Figure BDA00023839328000000311
And
Figure BDA00023839328000000312
the experimental calibration method specifically comprises the following steps:
fixing n x n detector array in the air at a preset position away from the light source, and measuring a first wavelength lambda by using the detector array1Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure BDA0002383932800000041
A second wavelength lambda2Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure BDA0002383932800000042
A third wavelength λ3Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure BDA0002383932800000043
Then there is
Figure BDA0002383932800000044
Further, the display unit is specifically configured to:
and mapping the blood oxygen distribution of the thin tissue to be detected between 0 and 255 to form a gray scale image for displaying.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the imaging method and the device adopt a non-invasive detection mode, so that the infection rate of the tissue and the wound on the surface of the tissue are reduced;
(2) the imaging method and the device adopt a non-contact detection mode, secondarily reduce the infection rate of tissues, and avoid the infection of other people caused by the blood contamination of instruments, so the safety is high;
(3) compared with a single-point measurement method, the imaging method and the imaging device can obtain a large amount of data at one time, and the problem that the single-point measurement method is easily interfered by factors such as ambient light is solved, so that the imaging method of the embodiment of the invention has small misjudgment rate; but also intuitively reflects the distribution of the blood oxygen.
(4) Compared with the traditional invasive detection method, the imaging method and the imaging device have high real-time performance and higher precision than manual inspection.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging method based on lambert beer's law according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging device based on Lambert beer law according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a second schematic structural diagram of a thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging device based on lambert beer's law according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging method based on lambert-beer law, which includes the following steps:
s101, controlling a light source to sequentially emit a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The light of (2);
s102, respectively collecting the wavelengths lambda at the first wavelength1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The images of the thin layer tissue to be detected under the irradiation of the light are sequentially recorded as a first thin layer tissue image, a second thin layer tissue image and a third thin layer tissue image;
s103, calculating the blood oxygen distribution of the thin layer tissue to be detected by adopting a preset blood oxygen distribution algorithm according to the first thin layer tissue image, the second thin layer tissue image and the third thin layer tissue image;
and S104, converting the blood oxygen distribution of the thin layer tissue to be detected into an image domain for displaying.
Compared with the prior art, the thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging method based on the lambert beer law provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the imaging method of the embodiment of the invention adopts a non-invasive detection mode, thereby reducing the infection rate of the tissue and the wound on the surface of the tissue;
(2) the imaging method of the embodiment of the invention adopts a non-contact detection mode, reduces the infection rate of the tissue for the second time, and avoids the infection of other people caused by the blood contamination of the instrument, so the safety is high;
(3) compared with a single-point measurement method, the imaging method provided by the embodiment of the invention can obtain a large amount of data at one time, and solves the problem that the single-point measurement method is easily interfered by factors such as ambient light, so that the imaging method provided by the embodiment of the invention has a small misjudgment rate; but also intuitively reflects the distribution of the blood oxygen.
(4) Compared with the traditional invasive detection method, the imaging method provided by the embodiment of the invention has high real-time performance and higher precision than manual inspection.
As an implementation manner, the preset blood oxygen distribution algorithm in step S103 is:
Figure BDA0002383932800000051
wherein, spo2Representing a blood oxygen saturation value;
Figure BDA0002383932800000052
representing a first lamina tissue image;
Figure BDA0002383932800000053
representing a second lamina tissue image;
Figure BDA0002383932800000061
representing a third lamina tissue image;
Figure BDA0002383932800000062
and
Figure BDA0002383932800000063
representing the ratio of light intensities obtained according to an experimental calibration method;
Figure BDA0002383932800000064
and
Figure BDA0002383932800000065
respectively represent a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The reduced hemoglobin absorption coefficient of light;
Figure BDA0002383932800000066
and
Figure BDA0002383932800000067
respectively represent a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The oxyhemoglobin absorption coefficient of light of (a).
Specifically, lambert beer's law states that:
Figure BDA0002383932800000068
ελrepresents the molar extinction coefficient, related to the wavelength λ; c represents the concentration of the substance through which the light passes; l represents the optical path taken by the light as it passes through the substance; i is0Indicating the intensity of the incident light and I the intensity of the emergent light.
The absorption of light in human tissue is mainly reduced hemoglobin (Hb) and oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO)2) In addition, there is absorption of light by the tissue (G). When the light source is farther away from the detector, the more tissue the light passes through, the more optical path the light passes through, and the more the tissue absorbs the light, so G is a function G (l) of the optical path the light travels in the human skin. Therefore, in human tissues, the lambert beer law needs to be modified as follows:
Figure BDA0002383932800000069
whereas for a blood vessel, the tissue of its outer layer is very small relative to blood, so neglecting G, the above expression (2) can be modified as:
Figure BDA00023839328000000610
for a three-wavelength system, the following set of equations is then:
Figure BDA00023839328000000611
Figure BDA00023839328000000612
Figure BDA0002383932800000071
expression (6) above is expressed as a matrix as follows:
I＝AC
Figure BDA0002383932800000072
from kramer's law:
Figure BDA0002383932800000073
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002383932800000074
the final available blood oxygen saturation is:
Figure BDA0002383932800000075
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002383932800000076
can be obtained by an experimental calibration method.
The blood oxygen saturation in the blood vessel of a single point is deduced in the processes of the formula (1) to the formula (7), but the misjudgment rate of the single point test is high.
On the basis of the derivation process, in order to overcome the problem of high misjudgment rate of single-point test, the embodiment of the invention designs a new blood oxygen distribution algorithm, namely: in the embodiment of the invention, the two-dimensional distribution light intensity values of different wavelengths are obtained by acquiring the images of the thin-layer tissue to be detected under the irradiation of the light with different wavelengths (
Figure BDA0002383932800000081
And
Figure BDA0002383932800000082
) Then, the blood oxygen saturation can be calculated according to the blood oxygen distribution algorithm shown in the formula (8):
Figure BDA0002383932800000083
as an implementation manner, the experimental calibration method specifically includes:
fixing n x n detector array in the air at a preset position away from the light source, and measuring a first wavelength lambda by using the detector array1Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure BDA0002383932800000084
A second wavelength lambda2Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure BDA0002383932800000085
A third wavelength λ3Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure BDA0002383932800000087
Then there is
Figure BDA0002383932800000086
In order to ensure the detection accuracy, n may be set to a value as large as possible, for example, to a 10 × 10 detector array.
Since the value of the blood oxygen saturation is between 0 and 1, as an implementation manner, the step S104 is specifically: and mapping the blood oxygen distribution of the thin tissue to be detected between 0 and 255 to form a gray scale image for displaying.
Example 2
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging device based on the Lambert beer law, which is used for realizing the method. The device includes: a control unit 201, an image acquisition unit 202, a blood oxygen distribution calculation unit 203 and a display unit 204. Wherein:
the control unit 201 is used for controlling the light source to emit the first wavelength lambda in sequence1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The light of (2); the image acquisition units 202 are used for respectively acquiring the first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The images of the thin layer tissue to be detected under the irradiation of the light are sequentially recorded as a first thin layer tissue image, a second thin layer tissue image and a third thin layer tissue image; the blood oxygen distribution calculating unit 203 is configured to calculate, according to the first thin layer tissue image, the second thin layer tissue image and the third thin layer tissue image, a blood oxygen distribution of the thin layer tissue to be detected by using a preset blood oxygen distribution algorithm; the display unit 204 is used for converting the blood oxygen distribution of the thin tissue to be measured into an image domain for displaying.
As an implementation, in practical applications, the control unit 201 may include: industrial control computers and single-chip microcomputers; the light source can adopt a ring light source; the image capturing unit 202 may employ a CCD camera. The upper computer of the industrial control computer controls the single chip microcomputer and the CCD camera, and the single chip microcomputer further controls the annular light source. As shown in fig. 3, the working process of the device is as follows:
firstly, an upper computer controls a camera of a CCD camera to move above a thin-layer tissue to be detected, and then a single chip microcomputer controls lamps with different wavelengths in an annular light source lamp ring to work in a time-sharing mode: for example, the light source is first controlled to emit a first wavelength λ1While at a first wavelength λ1When the lamp works, the upper computer controls the CCD camera to shoot, stores pictures, records the pictures as a first thin-layer tissue image, and closes the first wavelength lambda1The lamp of (1); then controlling the light source to emit a second wavelength lambda2While at a second wavelength lambda2When the lamp works, the upper computer controls the CCD camera to shoot, stores the picture, records the picture as a second thin-layer tissue image, and closes the second wavelength lambda2The lamp of (1); then controlling the light source to emit a third wavelength lambda3While at a third wavelength λ3When the lamp works, the upper computer controls the CCD camera to take a picture and stores the pictureA patch, denoted as a third lamina tissue image; finally, the blood oxygen distribution calculating unit 203 obtains a matrix of blood oxygen distribution through a preset blood oxygen distribution algorithm, then the display unit 204 maps the blood oxygen distribution of the thin tissue to be detected between 0 and 255 to form a gray scale image, and the blood oxygen distribution is displayed in a picture mode, so that the two-dimensional distribution condition of the blood oxygen can be visually seen.
Wherein, the preset blood oxygen distribution algorithm is as follows:
Figure BDA0002383932800000091
wherein, spo2Representing a blood oxygen saturation value;
Figure BDA0002383932800000092
representing a first lamina tissue image;
Figure BDA0002383932800000093
representing a second lamina tissue image;
Figure BDA0002383932800000094
representing a third lamina tissue image;
Figure BDA0002383932800000095
and
Figure BDA0002383932800000096
representing the ratio of light intensities obtained according to an experimental calibration method;
Figure BDA0002383932800000097
and
Figure BDA0002383932800000098
respectively represent a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The reduced hemoglobin absorption coefficient of light;
Figure BDA0002383932800000101
and
Figure BDA0002383932800000102
respectively represent a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The oxyhemoglobin absorption coefficient of light of (a).
On the basis of the above embodiment, the imaging device provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a detector, and the detector is used for obtaining the light intensity ratio according to an experimental calibration method
Figure BDA0002383932800000103
And
Figure BDA0002383932800000104
the experimental calibration method specifically comprises the following steps:
fixing n x n detector array in the air at a preset position away from the light source, and measuring a first wavelength lambda by using the detector array1Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure BDA0002383932800000105
A second wavelength lambda2Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure BDA0002383932800000106
A third wavelength λ3Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure BDA0002383932800000107
Then there is
Figure BDA0002383932800000108
The imaging device provided by the embodiment of the invention meets the requirements of accuracy and intuition in actual operation, is non-contact, has no risks such as infection and the like, and has wide applicability.
It should be noted that the thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging method and device based on the lambert beer law provided by the invention are suitable for dermal tissues or blood vessels with thin tissue surface layers, and can be applied to occasions such as monitoring of healthy skin flaps to be transplanted in a skin flap transplantation process, distinguishing of blood vessel ureters in an operation and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The thin-layer tissue blood oxygen imaging method based on the Lambert beer law is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, controlling a light source to sequentially emit a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The light of (2);
step 2, respectively collecting the wavelengths lambda at the first wavelength1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The images of the thin layer tissue to be detected under the irradiation of the light are sequentially recorded as a first thin layer tissue image, a second thin layer tissue image and a third thin layer tissue image;
step 3, calculating by adopting a preset blood oxygen distribution algorithm to obtain blood oxygen distribution of the thin layer tissue to be detected according to the first thin layer tissue image, the second thin layer tissue image and the third thin layer tissue image;
the preset blood oxygen distribution algorithm is as follows:
Figure FDA0002972129200000011
wherein, spo2Representing a blood oxygen saturation value;
Figure FDA0002972129200000012
representing a first lamina tissue image;
Figure FDA0002972129200000013
representing a second lamina tissue image;
Figure FDA0002972129200000014
representing a third lamina tissue image;
Figure FDA0002972129200000015
and
Figure FDA0002972129200000016
representing the ratio of light intensities obtained according to an experimental calibration method;
Figure FDA0002972129200000017
and
Figure FDA0002972129200000018
respectively represent a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The reduced hemoglobin absorption coefficient of light;
Figure FDA0002972129200000019
and
Figure FDA00029721292000000110
respectively represent a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The oxyhemoglobin absorption coefficient of light of (a);
and 4, converting the blood oxygen distribution of the thin layer tissue to be detected into an image domain for displaying.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the experimental calibration method is specifically:
fixing n x n detector array in the air at a preset position away from the light source, and measuring a first wavelength lambda by using the detector array1Two-dimensional light intensity distribution ofIs composed of
Figure FDA00029721292000000111
A second wavelength lambda2Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure FDA00029721292000000112
A third wavelength λ3Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure FDA00029721292000000113
Then there is
Figure FDA00029721292000000114
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 specifically comprises:
and mapping the blood oxygen distribution of the thin tissue to be detected between 0 and 255 to form a gray scale image for displaying.
4. Thin layer tissue blood oxygen imaging device based on Lambert beer's law, its characterized in that includes:
a control unit for controlling the light source to emit the first wavelength λ in sequence1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The light of (2);
an image acquisition unit for respectively acquiring at the first wavelength λ1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The images of the thin layer tissue to be detected under the irradiation of the light are sequentially recorded as a first thin layer tissue image, a second thin layer tissue image and a third thin layer tissue image;
the blood oxygen distribution calculating unit is used for calculating the blood oxygen distribution of the thin layer tissue to be detected by adopting a preset blood oxygen distribution algorithm according to the first thin layer tissue image, the second thin layer tissue image and the third thin layer tissue image;
the preset blood oxygen distribution algorithm is as follows:
Figure FDA0002972129200000021
wherein, spo2Representing a blood oxygen saturation value;
Figure FDA0002972129200000022
representing a first lamina tissue image;
Figure FDA0002972129200000023
representing a second lamina tissue image;
Figure FDA0002972129200000024
representing a third lamina tissue image;
Figure FDA0002972129200000025
and
Figure FDA0002972129200000026
representing the ratio of light intensities obtained according to an experimental calibration method;
Figure FDA0002972129200000027
and
Figure FDA0002972129200000028
respectively represent a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The reduced hemoglobin absorption coefficient of light;
Figure FDA0002972129200000029
and
Figure FDA00029721292000000210
respectively represent a first wavelength lambda1Light of the second wavelength lambda2Of light of and a third wavelength lambda3The oxyhemoglobin absorption coefficient of light of (a);
and the display unit is used for converting the blood oxygen distribution of the thin layer tissue to be detected into an image domain for displaying.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising a detector, wherein the detector is used to obtain the light intensity ratio according to an experimental calibration method
Figure FDA00029721292000000211
And
Figure FDA00029721292000000212
the experimental calibration method specifically comprises the following steps:
fixing n x n detector array in the air at a preset position away from the light source, and measuring a first wavelength lambda by using the detector array1Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure FDA0002972129200000031
A second wavelength lambda2Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure FDA0002972129200000032
A third wavelength λ3Has a two-dimensional light intensity distribution of
Figure FDA0002972129200000033
Then there is
Figure FDA0002972129200000034
6. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the display unit is specifically configured to:
and mapping the blood oxygen distribution of the thin tissue to be detected between 0 and 255 to form a gray scale image for displaying.
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