CN106073801A - A kind of external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method and device - Google Patents
A kind of external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method and device Download PDFInfo
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10048—Infrared image
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method and device, described method includes: utilize the cavum nasopharyngeum body region of infrared digital instrument people from location；Being close to face's injection with dual wavelength near-infrared light source confocal with this position finder, through muscle and bone, external realization carries out tomoscan to described nasopharynx cavity；Measure the principle of blood oxygen saturation in the difference of dual wavelength near infrared absorbing coefficient according to oxygenate and reduced hemoglobin, the oximetry value of this point can be calculated from the specular scattering light detecting nasopharynx, and then obtain the blood oxygen distribution figure of described cavum nasopharyngeum, it is achieved the purpose of external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation detection；Said method has lossless, real-time, continuous, low cost and other advantages.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical apparatus and instruments, particularly relate to formation method and the dress of a kind of external nasopharynx cavity blood oxygen saturation
Put, replace traditional endoscope's nasopharynx imaging system.
Background technology
Existing Nasendoscopy, it is impossible to carry out early diagnosis, it is impossible to see the hidden position of pharynx, it is impossible to measure intranasal and swell the big of thing
Little and conchoscope cannot be solved enter the technical problem of the degree of depth of cavum nasopharyngeum and endoscope carries to patient when entering cavum nasopharyngeum
Carry out the problems such as inevitable discomfort.
At present, CT imaging technique, density resolution is high, is suitable for bone or calcified tissue's imaging, for diameter less than 1
The tissue of millimeter is but difficult to by reliable recognition.MRI technique is low to microscopic structure sensitivity equally, and diagnostic fees is with expensive, and taboo is used
The patient of metal or magnetic material it is implanted in health.The resolution of ultra sonic imaging not as good as near infrared light, the design of endoscope and
Couplant is needed unavoidably mucous membrane of nasopharynx to be brought stimulation.
Dual wavelength near-infrared blood oxygen saturation imaging technique utilizes the HbO2 Oxyhemoglobin in tissue and deoxyhemoglobin
The principle that the near-infrared absorption of 700nm-900nm wave band is bigger is developed.Carry out focus oxygen content at present with normal
In the research of the differentiated medical diagnosis on disease of tissue blood oxygen content.
Summary of the invention
For solving defect of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation imaging side
Method and device, it is achieved lossless external imaging.
A kind of external cavum nasopharyngeum angular vein blood oxygen saturation formation method, comprises the following steps:
1) it is scanned position with the nasopharynx cavity of infrared digital instrument location people；
2) light comes from and external focus on the nasopharynx cavity of people through bone and muscle and be scanned position and carry out consecutive tracking, uses double wave
Long near infrared light has interlocked the scanning of position point；
3) light that the black and white high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD with light source synchronous obtains after collecting cavum nasopharyngeum soma entirety or partial sweep
Signal, is simultaneously converted into digital electric signal；
4) view data captured by CCD in data collecting card acquisition step 3；
5) view data in step 4 is processed by image processing system；
6) diagnostic message of both image output and pathology.
The present invention provides external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method, including: according to infrared digital instrument
The cavum nasopharyngeum body region of people from location, carries out orientation direction for dual wavelength near-infrared light source；According to above-mentioned location, the reddest with dual wavelength
Nasopharynx cavity is scanned by outer light source.The described scanning upper bound is corpora ossis sphenoidalis, and lower bound is soft palate；
Wherein, described light source is positioned at external face.
Wherein step 1 middle infrared (Mid-IR) digitizer is optical navigation system, and in utilizing cavum nasopharyngeum, mark carries out coordinate-system
Foundation carry out three-dimensional localization.
Wherein step 2 is used the scan mode of multi-angle to cavum nasopharyngeum soma focal imaging；The sweep limits upper bound is butterfly
Diaphysis, lower bound is soft palate, and scanning angle is centered by cavum nasopharyngeum, 180 degree of rotations, reproduces the venous oxygen of cavum nasopharyngeum soma
Saturation distribution；Nasopharynx part tissue is epithelial tissue from outside to inside, basement membrane, lamina propria, tela submucosa and muscle layer.
Wherein the light source in step 2 is the LED dual wavelength near infrared light of LED and 850nm of specific 760nm；760nm
Each 8 of the LED of LED and 850nm, light source 4 × 4 staggered arrays of composition of two kinds of wavelength, control system controls it
Time of continuous illumination and alternately luminous frequency.
Wherein the light source front end in step 2 arranges Single wavelength optical-filter switcher, and Single wavelength optical-filter switcher has two
Individual circular hole, dual-wavelength LEDs successively irradiates sample through the two hole.
Wherein in step 3 the Near Infrared CCD collection of black and white high sensitivity be reflection scattered light, synchronize receive 760nm wavelength
The sample signal that the sample signal excited and 850nm wavelength excite, completes Single wavelength shooting；Therefore, CCD and light source homonymy, two
Distance between person is determined by investigation depth.
Wherein in step 4, data collecting card labview software completes digital signal acquiring, and distortionless will collect
View data be transferred to image processing system.
Wherein in step 5, the numeral in step 4 is believed by image processing system Labview software according to blood oxygen imaging algorithm
Number carry out the calculating of blood oxygen saturation, obtain the scattergram of oxygen content and containing blood volume and the quantitative value of oxygen content.
Described image procossing and blood oxygen analysis first pass through software and demarcate, and software calibration includes: the preliminary calibration of system is really
Surely need to be adjusted by analyzing experimental data, the result of regulation makes the blood oxygen level of healthy individuals about 76%；System is entered
The calibration of one step needs to combine with multiple method, and many person-times of measurement results compare, and are obtained more accurate by regression analysis
Check formula and coefficient.
Described device includes light source part, image capturing system, control system and oxygen content imaging system；
Described light source part includes: for positioning the infrared digital position finder of the cavum nasopharyngeum body region of people, being placed in position finder
The dual wavelength near-infrared light source of front end and the synchronization Single wavelength optical-filter switcher of placement light source front end；It is placed in position finder front end
Dual wavelength near-infrared light source and the same focus of position finder；Place and have two on the synchronization Single wavelength optical-filter switcher of light source front end
Circular hole, double-wavelength light source is from different circular hole outgoing, the nasopharynx cavity that scanning is positioned；
Described image capturing system includes black and white high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD video camera and data collecting card；Black and white high sensitivity is the reddest
Outer CCD and light source homonymy, have angle, and both distances are determined by investigation depth, are used for gathering dual wavelength near infrared light and excite group
The scattered light knitted, and complete opto-electronic conversion；Data acquisition is placed in CCD rear end, gathers digital signal and the numeral collected
Signal is transferred to image processing system；
Described control system is mainly made up of single-chip microcomputer and relay, Single-chip Controlling relay, holding of Control light source
Continuous fluorescent lifetime and the switching time of Single wavelength wave filter；Single-chip microcomputer Synchronization Control light source and image capturing system, control black and white
The scattered light that high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD energy sync pulse jamming excites to Single wavelength each time；Single-chip microcomputer and light source and CCD wire or
Data wire is connected；
Described oxygen content imaging system includes the Image Intensified System of oxygen content and blood oxygen imaging and assistant diagnosis system.
Wherein blood oxygen imaging system is Based PC platform, generates image and complete at Labview software blood oxygen imaging algorithm
Become the quantitative analysis of blood oxygen saturation.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that the present invention can i.e. show the knot of blood vessel without intravascular contrast media
Structure, therefore to the mutual discriminating between blood vessel, lump, lymph node and blood vessel structure, have its distinctive feature, its resolution is high, sensitive
The change of ground detection morphological element medium-sized vein blood oxygen saturation, can earlier find pathological changes；Avoid nasal endoscopes simultaneously and go deep into nose
The misery that pharynx depths is brought to patient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The schematic diagram of Fig. 1 cavum nasopharyngeum of the present invention inwall imaging.
Fig. 2 is the present invention schematic diagram to cavum nasopharyngeum inwall soft-tissue imaging result.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the present invention external nasopharynx cavity imaging device.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of formation method of the present invention.
In figure: 1-dual wavelength near infrared light light source；2-dual wavelength near infrared light；The window that 3-760nm wavelength passes through； 4-
The window that 850nm wavelength passes through；5-infrared digital instrument position finder；6-synchronous control system；7-Single wavelength optical filter is cut
Parallel operation；8-sample；9-black and white high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD；10-control arm；11-data collecting card；12-scattered light；13-image
Enhancement process system；14-blood oxygen imaging and assistant diagnosis system；15-digital signal；16-PC platform.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with concrete example and accompanying drawing to this external nasopharynx cavity formation method blood oxygen saturation imaging
The technical scheme of device is described in detail, so that it is clearer.
The schematic diagram of cavum nasopharyngeum inwall imaging the most of the present invention, dual wavelength near-infrared light source 1 difference angle at face
Degree sends near-infrared light waves 2, penetrates skin, arrives cavum nasopharyngeum after bone, and location is scanned after focusing on.Scattered light 12 warp being reflected back
CCD9 images, and video signal 12 is converted into digital signal 15.
Fig. 2 is the present invention schematic diagram to cavum nasopharyngeum inwall soft-tissue imaging result, and cavum nasopharyngeum inwall can divide from shallow to deep
For mucous layer, tela submucosa and muscle layer；Mucous layer is divided into epithelial layer, basal layer and lamina propria layer.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the present invention external nasopharynx cavity imaging device, and this device includes simultaneously driving control light
Source and the synchronous control system 6 of black and white high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD 9, dual wavelength near infrared light light source 1 and CCD9 are relative to sample
Angle (corner dimension depends on the circumstances, but is less than 90 degree), infrared digital instrument position finder 5,760nm wavelength is had to pass through
What window 4 that window 3,850nm wavelength pass through, Single wavelength optical-filter switcher 7, detection system were sequentially connected is control arm 10,
Scattered light 12, data collecting card 11, digital signal 15, Image Enhancement Processing System 13, blood oxygen imaging and assistant diagnosis system 14,
PC platform 16.
Wherein, light source 1 is dual wavelength near infrared light, and wavelength is 760nm and 850nm.
Described Single wavelength optical-filter switcher 7 only passes through a kind of wavelength in being used for guaranteeing the single time, it is achieved CCD9 unicast
Long imaging；Switching frequency is by control system control.
In this example, Near Infrared CCD 9 is for imaging the scattering optical imagery of nasopharynx inner surface；CCD9 uses high-definition camera
Head, according to tissue oxygenation image-forming principle, this photographic head needs not move through nostril and is deep in nasopharynx, can be achieved with the most in vitro
High definition optical imagery to nasopharynx inner surface.
Data collecting card 11 is black and white high-definition image capture card, it is possible to without distortions by defeated for black and white high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD 9
The video signal collective entered is to Image Enhancement Processing System and blood oxygen imaging system, it is ensured that the accuracy of raw image data.
Image Enhancement Processing System 13 purpose is to highlight tiny blood vessels.Algorithm utilizes the anisotropy parameter improved to strengthen and calculates
Sub and smooth hybrid operator processes artwork and forms new image；Or utilize Gaussian smoothing and differential rim detection hybrid operator pair
Image processes；The blood vessel originally being difficult to discover is made to emerge out.Again each regional area is carried out self adaptation gray-level correction,
So that the process of entire image reaches good effect.
Blood oxygen imaging and assistant diagnosis system 14 blood oxygen imaging diagnosis system include digital image acquisition, blood oxygen imaging algorithm
System, blood oxygen levels Computer Aided Analysis System.Each ripple needed for blood oxygen imaging algorithm can be obtained by digital image acquisition system
The optical imagery of long near infrared light.Data image input blood oxygen imaging algorithm system carries out image synthesis and image procossing, afterwards
Image is carried out Pseudo Col ored Image, the gray value of black white image is mapped to corresponding colour.Blood oxygen levels Computer Aided Analysis System is
Doctor provides blood content and oxygen analysis function and provides auxiliary diagnostic result.
The flow chart of formation method the most of the present invention, including:
Step s20, the nasopharynx cavity positioning people with infrared digital instrument 5 is scanned position, enters for dual wavelength near-infrared light source 1
Row orientation direction.
Step s30, initialization step, it is achieved the synchronous operation of light source 1 and photographic head CCD9.The unicast being sequentially connected is provided
Long length filter switch 7, Near Infrared CCD 9, data collecting card 11, Image Enhancement Processing System 13, blood oxygen imaging and auxiliary diagnosis
System 14.
Step s40, scanning step, by the motor control card control stepper action on PC platform.Motion control card with
Black and white high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD 9 synchronizes, when a certain optical filter 3 or 4 moves to before camera lens, via motion control card feedback
Triggering signal, the control system of instrument refers to the shooting of black and white high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD 9 after receiving the triggering signal of motion control card
Make and complete automatic gatherer process.Therefore, gatherer process can obtain the view data of several different Single wavelength.
Concrete, CCD9 is area array CCD 9, and single channel obtains large-area image information, the image of collection more can clearly,
Reflection target area situation intuitively.Black and white high-definition image capture card 11 can be without distortions by black and white high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD 9
Incoming video signal 12.Image processing system algorithm 13 realizes highlighting tiny blood vessels and focal area.Blood oxygen imaging and auxiliary
Diagnostic system 14 shows the vascularity figure of tissue and quantitatively provides local oxygen content and blood content.
Step s50, video acquisition step, the organism optical image of nasopharynx inner surface is gathered by this photographic head 9, and regarding
Frequently signal 12 is converted into digital signal 15.
Step s60, image-forming step is realized by graphic programming instrument labview software, image enhaucament function realize figure
The optimization of picture.
Step s70, oxygen content scattergram and blood content and the quantitative Analysis of oxygen content.System needs the most fixed
Mark, in conjunction with invasive method, add according to Lambertian one Beer law improved and absorbance derive independently with law more accurate
Computing formula；More accurate check formula and coefficient is obtained by regression analysis；Software needs the frequency spectrum to brain blood oxygen signal
It is analyzed.
Above-mentioned cavum nasopharyngeum blood oxygen saturation formation method, positions the cavum nasopharyngeum of people, photographic head by infrared digital instrument 5
9 gather this organism optical image, it is provided that video image, data collecting card 11, Image Enhancement Processing System 13 realizes in nasopharynx
Wall soft tissue full degree of depth accurately image, improves the accuracy of detection.And traditional nasopharynx scope uses optical imaging modalities, only
It is observed that the information of 2 millimeters below the color on nasopharynx inwall top layer, gloss and shape information, or top layer；And be all interior
The form of sight glass, brings inevitable misery to patient.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes more concrete and detailed, but also
Therefore the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (11)
1. an external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
1) it is scanned position with the nasopharynx cavity of infrared digital instrument location people；
2) light comes from and external focus on the nasopharynx cavity of people through bone and muscle and be scanned position and carry out consecutive tracking, uses double wave
Long near infrared light has interlocked the scanning of position point；
3) the black and white high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD with light source synchronous obtains after collecting cavum nasopharyngeum soma entirety or partial sweep
Optical signal, is simultaneously converted into digital electric signal；
4) view data captured by CCD in data collecting card acquisition step 3；
5) view data in step 4 is processed by image processing system；
6) diagnostic message of both image output and pathology.
2. according to the external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method of the one described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Step 1 middle infrared (Mid-IR) digitizer is optical navigation system, and the foundation utilizing mark in cavum nasopharyngeum to carry out coordinate-system comes three-dimensional
Location.
External cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 2
The scan mode of middle multi-angle is to cavum nasopharyngeum soma focal imaging；The sweep limits upper bound is corpora ossis sphenoidalis, and lower bound is soft palate, sweeps
Retouching angle is centered by cavum nasopharyngeum, 180 degree of rotations, reproduces the Svo2 distribution of cavum nasopharyngeum soma；Nasopharynx part
Tissue is epithelial tissue from outside to inside, basement membrane, lamina propria, tela submucosa and muscle layer.
External cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 2
In the LED dual wavelength near infrared light of LED and 850nm that light source is specific 760nm；The LED of LED and 850nm of 760nm
Each 8, the light source of two kinds of wavelength 4 × 4 staggered arrays of composition, control system control they continuous illumination time and
The most luminous frequency.
External cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 2
In light source front end Single wavelength optical-filter switcher is set, Single wavelength optical-filter switcher has two circular hole windows, be respectively
The window that 760nm wavelength passes through, a window passed through for 850nm wavelength, the light of 760nm and 850nm successively appears optical filter
Irradiate sample.
External cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that；Step 3
Middle black and white high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD collection is the scattered light of reflection, synchronize to receive the sample signal that excites of 760nm wavelength and
The sample signal that 850nm wavelength excites, completes Single wavelength shooting；Therefore, CCD and light source homonymy, distance between the two is by visiting
Depth measurement degree determines.
External cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 4
Middle data collecting card labview software completes digital signal acquiring, and distortionless the view data collected is transferred to
Image processing system.
External cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 5
Middle image processing system Labview software carries out blood oxygen saturation according to blood oxygen imaging algorithm to the digital signal in step 4
Calculating, obtain the scattergram of oxygen content and containing blood volume and the quantitative value of oxygen content.
9. according to the external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method described in claim 8, it is characterised in that: satisfied by blood oxygen
With degree computing formula calibration healthy individuals cavum nasopharyngeum blood oxygen level, obtain more accurate check formula by regression analysis and be
Number.
10. an external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation imaging device, it is characterised in that: include that light source part, image are adopted
Collecting system, control system and oxygen content imaging system；
Described light source part includes: for positioning the infrared digital position finder of the cavum nasopharyngeum body region of people, being placed in position finder
The dual wavelength near-infrared light source of front end and the synchronization Single wavelength optical-filter switcher of placement light source front end；It is placed in position finder front end
Dual wavelength near-infrared light source and the same focus of position finder；Place and have two on the synchronization Single wavelength optical-filter switcher of light source front end
Circular hole, double-wavelength light source is from different circular hole outgoing, the nasopharynx cavity that scanning is positioned；
Described image capturing system includes black and white high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD video camera and data collecting card；Black and white high sensitivity is the reddest
Outer CCD and light source homonymy, have angle, and both distances are determined by investigation depth, are used for gathering dual wavelength near infrared light and excite group
The scattered light knitted, and complete opto-electronic conversion；Data acquisition is placed in CCD rear end, gathers digital signal and the numeral collected
Signal is transferred to image processing system；
Described control system is mainly made up of single-chip microcomputer and relay, Single-chip Controlling relay, holding of Control light source
Continuous fluorescent lifetime and the switching time of Single wavelength wave filter；Single-chip microcomputer Synchronization Control light source and image capturing system, control black and white
The scattered light that high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD energy sync pulse jamming excites to Single wavelength each time；Single-chip microcomputer and light source and CCD wire or
Data wire is connected；
Described oxygen content imaging system includes the Image Intensified System of oxygen content and blood oxygen imaging and assistant diagnosis system.
11. one according to claim 10 external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation imaging device, it is characterised in that
Blood oxygen imaging system is Based PC platform, generates image at Labview software blood oxygen imaging algorithm and completes blood oxygen saturation
Quantitative analysis.
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