CN111380967A - 一种测定阿托品有关物质的方法 - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
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- G01N30/06—Preparation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种检测阿托品有关物质的方法,所述的方法属于反相高效液相色谱法,色谱条件如下:十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂的色谱柱;检测波长:210nm。使用该方法对有关物质进行测定,有关物质检出率高,精密度高,结果准确,重复性和回收率良好,且该方法通过方法学验证,可用于阿托品原料、制剂的常规分析和质量控制。
Description
技术领域
发明属于药物分析技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种阿托品原料药的质量控制方法,尤其涉及一种阿托品有关物质检测方法。
背景技术
阿托品,英文名Atropine,本品为(±)-α-(羟甲基)苯乙酸-8-甲基-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]-3-辛酯。抗胆碱药。阿托品是一种无色结晶或白色结晶性粉末的生物碱,无臭、味微苦,干燥空气中易风化,分子式C17H23NO3,可从颠茄或其它茄科植物中提取而得,也可人工合成。天然存在于植物中的左旋莨菪碱很不稳定;在提取过程中经化学处理得到稳定的消旋莨菪碱,即阿托品,其硫酸盐为无色结晶或白色结晶性粉末,易溶于水。在临床医学上,阿托品主要用来解除平滑肌痉挛、缓解内脏绞痛、改善循环和抑制腺体分泌,并扩大瞳孔,升高眼压,兴奋呼吸中枢。大剂量服用时可解除副交感神经对心脏的抑制,使心率加快。主要用于缓解内脏绞痛、休克抢救、心律失常、解救有机磷农药中毒等症。本品于1831年德国药剂师Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge成功制备,本品于1901年由德国药剂师Richard合成制得。阿托品的结构式如下:
药理毒理:本品为典型的M胆碱受体阻滞剂。除一般的抗M胆碱作用解除胃肠平滑肌痉挛、抑制腺体分泌、扩大瞳孔、升高眼压、视力调节麻痹、心率加快、支气管扩张等外,大剂量时能作用于血管平滑肌,扩张血管、解除痉挛性收缩,改善微循环。此外本品能兴奋或抑制中枢神经系统,具有一定的剂量依赖性。对心脏、肠和支气管平滑肌作用比其他颠茄生物碱更强而持久。
药代动力学:本品易从胃肠道及其他粘膜吸收。也可从眼或少量从皮肤吸收。口服1小时后即达峰效应,t1/2为3.7~4.3小时。血浆蛋白结合率为14%~22%,分布容积为1.7L/kg,可迅速分布于全身组织,可透过血脑屏障,也能通过胎盘。一次剂量的一半经肝代谢,其余半数以原形经肾排出。在包括乳汁在内的各种分泌物中都有微量出现。
适应症:1.各种内脏绞痛,如胃肠绞痛及膀胱刺激症状。对胆绞痛、肾绞痛的疗效较差。2.迷走神经过度兴奋所致的窦房阻滞、房室阻滞等缓慢型心失常,也可用于继发于窦房结功能低下而出现的室性异位节。3.解救有机磷酸酯类中毒。
目前,已上市的阿托品或其硫酸盐剂型为眼用凝胶、片剂、注射剂等剂型。然而由于合成路线的不同以及其酯类化合物特性等原因。为了保证阿托品原料及其研发和生产的质量,需要对原料药有关物质进行控制。因此,研究获得一种阿托品的有关物质检测方法,这对医药生产企业来说显得尤为迫切。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种测定阿托品有关物质的方法,使用该方法测定阿托品中的有关物质,结果准确、重复性和准确度良好。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用下述技术方案:
所述的方法属于反相高效液相色谱法,色谱条件如下:
色谱柱:十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂;
检测波长:210nm;
流动项A按下述比例配置:取7g/L磷酸二氢钾溶液606ml,加入3.5g十二烷基硫酸钠使溶解,再加入320ml乙腈,混匀;所述磷酸二氢钾溶液经用5.8g/L的磷酸溶液调节pH值至3.3;
流动相B:乙腈;
所述流动项A与流动相B混合成流动相,并按下述条件进行梯度洗脱:
0-2分钟,流动相A的体积百分比为95%,流动相B的体积百分比为5%;
2-20分钟,流动相A的体积百分比由95%匀速降至70%,流动相B的体积百分比由5%匀速升至30%。
优选的,所述色谱柱的规格为:Thermo AQUASIL C18,100×4.6mm,3μm。
优选的,溶解样品所用溶剂按下列比例配置:取3.5g十二烷基硫酸钠,加入606ml水使溶解,再加入320ml乙腈,混合均匀。
优选的,样品液浓度为1mg/ml。
上述检测阿托品有关物质的方法,结合产品的合成路线以及EP标准中列举出的可能产生的杂质大多均存在酯类或者酸式结构,EP标准中用据酸性的流动相A作为溶剂,但结合其有效成分及可能产生杂质的酯类结构特性有可能其存在增加了溶液不稳定的因素。同时提高样品检测可以增加其有关物质的检出率。
本发明涉及的阿托品的有关物质检测方法检出有关物质的检出率高,精密度高,含量测定结果准确,重复性和回收率良好,可用于阿托品原料和及其制剂样品的常规分析和质量控制。另外,经过了严格的方法学验证,本发明发明方法可以满足研发和生产的需求,为阿托品药物在国内的早日上市提供了必要的技术支持。
附图说明
图1为EP标准中可能产生的杂质混合物的液相图谱。
图2为结合EP杂质及实际工艺路线可能存在杂质较难分离混合液的液相图谱。
具体实施方式
附图仅用于示例性说明,不能理解为对本专利的限制。
对于本领域技术人员来说,附图中某些公知流程及其说明可能省略是可以理解的。下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的说明。
以下通过实施例形式,对本发明涉及的阿托品有关物质检测方法作进一步的详细说明,但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例,凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
实施例 阿托品有关物质的测定
取阿托品供试品,取606ml水溶液(含3.5g十二烷基硫酸钠使溶解)加320ml乙腈混合液溶解并稀释制成每lml中含1mg的溶液,作为供试品溶液;精密量取阿托品对照品适量,用取606ml水溶液(含3.5g十二烷基硫酸钠使溶解)加320ml乙腈混合液稀释制成每lml中含1μg的溶液,作为对照品溶液;取溶解样品的溶剂,作为对照溶液;另取各杂质对照品适量,用606ml水溶液(含3.5g十二烷基硫酸钠使溶解)加320ml乙腈混合液溶解并稀释制成每1ml中约含各杂质适量的溶液,作为杂质对照品溶液;用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂;检测波长为210nm;按照下表1进行梯度洗脱。精密取供试品溶液、对照溶液、对照品溶液及杂质对照品溶液各20μl,注入液相色谱仪。供试品溶液色谱图中如有杂质峰,按外标法计算各杂质。供试品溶液色谱图中小于对照溶液主峰面积0.5倍(0.05%)的色谱峰忽略不计。
流动相A:取7g/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(用5.8g/L的磷酸溶液调节pH值至3.3)606ml,加入3.5g十二烷基硫酸钠使溶解,再加入乙腈320ml,混匀。
流动相B:乙腈。
表1梯度洗脱
1、方法中分离度的考察
分别将EP可能出现的杂质以及结合本品自身合成工艺的路线可能产生杂质配制适量的浓度进行测定。图谱见图1、图2。结果表明,采用本发明的色谱条件,各物质的分离程度佳。
2、样品降解
碱降解:取样品约11mg,精密称定,置10ml量瓶中,加入5mol/L氢氧化钠试液2ml,放置3.5小时后,加入5mol/L盐酸试液2ml中和后,加稀释剂溶解稀释至刻度,摇匀,即得。
酸降解:取批样品约10mg,精密称定,置10ml量瓶中,加入5mol/L盐酸试液2ml,放置4小时后,加入5mol/L氢氧化钠试液2ml中和后,加稀释剂溶解稀释至刻度,摇匀,即得。
结果如下:
表2样品降解测试
以上结果证明了本品在酸或者碱中均不稳定。所以溶解样品溶剂选择中性溶剂溶解,同时考虑流动相组成以及部分杂质的溶解性溶剂中加入了十二烷基硫酸钠。
3、溶液稳定性
取样品适量,加溶剂稀释制成每1ml中约含1mg的溶液,摇匀,即得。分别于0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8小时取样20μl注入液相色谱仪,记录色谱图,分别以已知杂质、最大未知单杂及总杂的峰面积及面积(%)考察供试品溶液的稳定性。
表3供试品溶液的溶液稳定性试验
试验结果表明,供试品溶液放置8小时内较稳定。
4、重复性
取样品适量,加稀释剂稀释制成每1ml中约含1mg的溶液,摇匀,即得;同法配制6次,分别精密量取供试品溶液20μl注入液相色谱仪,记录色谱图,计算各杂质含量和杂质总量;考察其重复性。
表4重复性试验
编号 | A | 最大单杂 | 总杂% |
1 | 0.044% | 0.076% | 0.14% |
2 | 0.045% | 0.078% | 0.15% |
3 | 0.047% | 0.080% | 0.15% |
4 | 0.047% | 0.075% | 0.14% |
5 | 0.047% | 0.079% | 0.15% |
6 | 0.047% | 0.081% | 0.15% |
AVE | 0.046% | 0.078% | 0.15% |
RSD | 2.9% | 3.0% | 3.5% |
结论:由以上数据可知本法的重复性较好。
5、回收率
杂质对照品储备液制备1:分别精密称取杂质对照品及各杂质配制适量储备液。
样品液配制:称取样品适量,分别加入储备液适量配制为含杂质梯度浓度的混合液。
精密量取杂质对照品溶液和供试品溶液各20μl;各注入液相色谱仪,记录色谱图,以外标法按峰面积计算其回收率。结果见下表:
表5-1阿托品杂质1回收率试验结果
表5-2阿托品杂质2回收率试验结果
表5-3阿托品杂质3回收率试验结果
表5-4阿托品杂质4混合回收率试验结果
表5-5阿托品杂质5回收率试验结果
表5-6阿托品杂质6回收率试验结果
表5-7阿托品杂质7回收率试验结果
结论:由以上数据可知本法的准确度较好。
综上所述,本发明方法测定阿托品中的有关物质,结果准确、重复性和准确度良好。
显然,本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例,而并非是对本发明实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种测定阿托品有关物质的方法,其特征在于:所述的方法属于反相高效液相色谱法,色谱条件如下:
色谱柱:十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂;
检测波长:210nm;
流动项A按下述比例配置:取7g/L磷酸二氢钾溶液606ml,加入3.5g十二烷基硫酸钠使溶解,再加入320ml乙腈,混匀;所述磷酸二氢钾溶液经用5.8g/L的磷酸溶液调节pH值至3.3;
流动相B:乙腈;
所述流动项A与流动相B混合成流动相,并按下述条件进行梯度洗脱:
0-2分钟,流动相A的体积百分比为95%,流动相B的体积百分比为5%;
2-20分钟,流动相A的体积百分比由95%匀速降至70%,流动相B的体积百分比由5%匀速升至30%。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种测定阿托品有关物质的方法,其特征在于:所述色谱柱的规格为:Thermo AQUASIL C18,100×4.6mm,3μm。
3.根据权利要求1、2所述一种测定阿托品有关物质的方法,其特征在于溶解样品所用溶剂按下列比例配置:取3.5g十二烷基硫酸钠,加入606ml水使溶解,再加入320ml乙腈,混合均匀。
4.根据权利要求3所述一种测定阿托品有关物质的方法,其特征在于:样品液的浓度为1mg/ml。
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