CN111345206A - Annual mulching sustainable planting method based on winter wheat-spring maize-summer soybean - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a winter wheat-spring corn-summer soybean-based annual coverage sustainable planting method, which comprises the following steps: s1, sowing winter wheat in the 10 th early month of the previous year according to a wheat/corn interplanting mode, covering a corn reserved belt with a mulching film, and alternately covering the ground surface with crops and the mulching film; s2, sowing spring corns in the reserved belt in 4 months in the current year to form a wheat relay intercropping corn mode; s3, sowing 4 rows of summer soybeans in the wheat belt in a no-tillage mode after the wheat is harvested in the early 6 months to form a corn and soybean intercropping mode; s4, planting wheat and corn alternately in the next two crops with rotary tillage, and realizing annual covering sustainable planting of strip crop rotation. The annual covering sustainable planting method can fully utilize photo-thermal resources, improve comprehensive productivity of farmlands, enrich biological diversity of farmlands, improve recuperation land capacity by crop-bean intercropping and strip rotation, realize farmland use and cultivation combination, effectively reduce wind erosion harm of extreme arid regions by covering the farmlands with wheat in winter, and reduce sand storm.

Description

Annual mulching sustainable planting method based on winter wheat-spring maize-summer soybean

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of planting. More specifically, the present invention relates to an annual cover sustainable planting based on winter wheat-spring maize-summer soybean.

Background technique

In southern Xinjiang, due to the existence of the Tarim Basin and Takara Magan Desert in southern Xinjiang to the south of the Tianshan Mountains, as well as the influence of the high altitude of the Tianshan Mountains, the warm air cannot enter the southern Xinjiang area, which makes the climate in southern Xinjiang extremely dry. Therefore, the southern Xinjiang is dry, the sand and dust cover the sky every year at the turn of spring and summer, and the cold spring that makes cotton seedlings wither and apricot flowers wither, as well as hot and dry wind, hail, floods, etc. The harsh natural conditions have made agriculture in southern Xinjiang a typical weak industry, and the vast area south of the Tianshan Mountains has become the most difficult area to get rid of poverty and become rich.

At the same time, the southern Xinjiang area is mostly saline-alkali land, and the southern Xinjiang area also has low production efficiency of food crops (wheat, corn), basically no value in agricultural planting, single crop planting mode, continuous decline of soil fertility, serious wind erosion of farmland and other prominent problems , which is not conducive to the production of food crops. Therefore, cotton is the mainstay in southern Xinjiang. As a rich industry in southern Xinjiang, it is supplemented by the forest and fruit industry, which is dominated by red dates, fragrant pears, apples, walnuts and pomegranates. It is a good thing to increase local income, but it does nothing for long-term development and soil regulation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to address at least the above-mentioned problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages that will be described hereinafter.

In order to achieve these objects and other advantages according to the present invention, a sustainable planting method for annual mulching based on winter wheat-spring maize-summer soybean is provided, comprising:

S1. At the beginning of October of the previous year, according to the intercropping mode of wheat/corn, and the width of both wheat and corn is set to 110cm, 8 rows of winter wheat with a row spacing of 12cm are sown, and the corn reserved zone is covered with plastic film, and the crops are Mulch film covers the ground alternately;

S2. Spring corn was sown in the reserved zone in April of that year, and the corn was planted in 3 rows, with a row spacing of 40cm and a plant spacing of 25cm, forming a wheat intercropping corn pattern;

S3 and early June, when the wheat is harvested, 4 rows of summer soybeans are sown in the wheat belt with no-tillage, the row spacing is 40cm, and the plant spacing is 30cm, forming a corn intercropping soybean mode;

S4. In the following year, the two crops will be swapped with rotary tillage to plant wheat and corn, so as to achieve sustainable planting with annual coverage of strip cropping.

Preferably, in S1, it also includes deep tillage and sun drying before the intercropping mode, which is configured to be operated by a deep tiller, and the deep tiller is configured to include:

Towing gear attached to a four-wheel drive tractor or crawler tractor;

Deep tillage components matched with traction devices;

Wherein, the traction device is configured to include a mounting seat, and at least two bearings arranged on the mounting seat;

The deep tillage assembly is configured to include a deep tillage plough, one side of which is matched with the land to be tilled is provided with a soil retaining plate, and the other side is provided with a special-shaped soil turning plate inclined outward;

A disc or arc-shaped cutter that is spatially flush with the top of the turning board;

The thickness of the cutting knife is set to 0.15-0.25mm on the side matched with the traveling direction of the tractor, and the thickness of the opposite side is set to 0.35-0.5mm.

Preferably, the traction device further comprises a fixing member for connecting the mounting base with the tractor;

Wherein, the fixing piece is connected with the mounting seat in a pivoting manner, the lower end of the fixing piece is provided with a stopper plate extending to one side of the mounting seat, and the stopper plate is provided with a stopper plate which is installed when the mounting seat rotates upwards. Avoid arc groove;

The fixing member is provided with a vertical rod, the top of the mounting seat is provided with a first lifting ring, and the vertical rod is connected by a first guiding or winding mechanism and a first steel wire rope.

Preferably, any side or both sides of the fixing member are provided with an extension plate;

An upwardly extending limiting plate is arranged on the deep plough, and a second lifting ring is arranged on it;

The extension plate is provided with a second pulling or winding mechanism to connect with the second hoisting ring through the second wire rope.

Preferably, it also includes a fertilization operation after deep ploughing and drying;

The fertilization operation is a deep ploughing operation opposite to deep ploughing and drying, and the organic fertilizer applied in the deep ploughing process is applied, and the fertilization amount per mu is controlled at 500-700kg;

The organic fertilizer is configured to include by weight:

250-370 parts of distiller's grains, 80-250 parts of sugar residue, 200-400 parts of mushroom residue, 300-550 parts of plant ash, 900-1550 parts of animal manure, 700-950 parts of straw powder and/or grain husk, 280-350 parts of oil cake share.

Preferably, the organic fertilizer is configured to include by weight:

300 parts of distiller's grains, 170 parts of sugar dregs, 320 parts of mushroom dregs, 450 parts of plant ash, 1350 parts of animal manure, 820 parts of straw powder and/or grain husk, and 310 parts of oil cake.

Preferably, the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises:

S10, fermented and ripening powder, add sugar residue into the stacking barrel by weight, stir and dissolve with water, then add oil cake and distiller's grains, stir and mix thoroughly, ferment at a temperature above 62-70 degrees Celsius for 25-30 days, and then mix Stir evenly with the plant ash to obtain the finished product of ripening powder;

S11, composting, air-drying animal feces to a moisture content of less than 25%, mixing straw powder and/or grain husks, mushroom residues, and animal feces into the ripening powder of the stacker, fully mixing and evenly fermenting and decomposing, and Mixing is carried out once every 5-6 days, and after mixing 3-4 times in total, after ripening for 3-4 days, the preparation of the organic fertilizer is completed.

Preferably, the stacker is configured to include:

a barrel body, which is configured to have a double-layer structure to define an accommodating cavity;

It is matched with the upper end of the barrel to realize a closed barrel cover;

A stirring component that runs through the barrel cover and penetrates deep into the barrel to periodically mix the raw materials;

Wherein, a heating layer, a thermal insulation layer, a thermal insulation layer and/or a sound-absorbing layer are sequentially arranged in the accommodating cavity from the inside to the outside;

The barrel cover is provided with a bent portion at a position matched with the upper end of the barrel, and the bent portion is provided with an annular guide with a tapered structure at a position matched with the outer edge of the barrel;

A flexible filling layer is arranged in the cavity between the bending part and the annular guide;

At least one layer of hollow sealing ring is provided on the top of the annular guide at a position matched with the outer edge of the barrel.

Preferably, the stirring assembly is configured to include:

a rotating shaft, on which a stirring assembly having a predetermined distance from the barrel cover is detachably arranged;

The first power mechanism that cooperates with the rotating shaft to complete the material rotation and stirring;

A second power mechanism that cooperates with the rotating shaft to make it move up and down in the barrel;

Wherein, the stirring assembly is configured to include at least three layers of stirring mechanisms that are spirally staggered;

The distance between each stirring mechanism and the side wall of the barrel is configured to decrease from top to bottom, and each stirring mechanism is configured to include:

The width of the transverse stirring member parallel to the bottom surface of the barrel is configured to be greater than 10cm;

The space height of the inclined stirring member arranged at the bottom of the horizontal stirring member is configured to be less than 7cm;

The stirring mechanisms of adjacent layers are further connected by at least one screw stirring member, and the minimum diameter of each screw stirring member is configured to be no less than 5 cm.

The present invention at least includes the following beneficial effects: firstly, the method of the present invention can not only fully utilize light and heat resources, improve the comprehensive productivity of farmland, and enrich the biodiversity of farmland, but also can improve soil fertility in crop intercropping and strip rotation, and realize farmland In addition, covering farmland with wheat in winter can effectively reduce the damage of wind erosion in extreme arid areas and reduce the occurrence of sandstorms. Therefore, the present invention is a sustainable planting mode with high resource efficiency, environmental friendliness and significant benefits, which can change traditional production. model to create a new sustainable agricultural production model.

Second, by limiting the deep tiller, it can adapt to the direct operation without deep ploughing during the year, and the ratio of deep tillage and fertilization after deep tillage is limited to ensure that it can meet the needs of long-term fertilizer supply in the anniversary year, and its allocation The ratio and formula are especially suitable for the alkaline soil environment in southern Xinjiang. By improving and modifying the soil, it can ensure that the soil fertilizer quality can meet the food planting.

Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will appear in part from the description that follows, and in part will be appreciated by those skilled in the art from the study and practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of a planting pattern in an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a planting pattern in another embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of a planting mode in another embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep tiller in another embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep tillage assembly in another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a stacker in another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it with reference to the description.

It should be understood that terms such as "having", "comprising" and "including" as used herein do not assign the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms is based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that A device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "provided with", "sleeve/connection", "connection", etc., should be understood in a broad sense, such as " Connection", which can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

Fig. 1-3 shows the realization form of a sustainable planting method based on annual coverage of winter wheat-spring corn-summer soybean according to the present invention, including:

S1. As shown in Figure 1, at the beginning of October of the previous year, according to the wheat/corn intercropping mode, according to the method that the width of wheat and corn are both set to 110cm, 8 rows of winter wheat with a row spacing of 12cm are sown, and the corn reserved belt is sown. Mulch mulch, and crops and mulch film cover the ground alternately to achieve winter and spring coverage of farmland, water retention and wind erosion prevention;

S2. As shown in Figure 2, spring corn was sown in the reserved zone in April of that year, and the corn was planted in 3 rows, with a row spacing of 40cm and a plant spacing of 25cm, forming a wheat intercropping corn mode, achieving high yield and high efficiency in crop production and improving land utilization;

S3. As shown in Figure 3, after the wheat was harvested in early June, 4 rows of summer soybeans were sown in no-tillage in the wheat belt, with a row spacing of 40cm and a plant spacing of 30cm, to form a corn intercropping soybean mode, to achieve efficient use of resources, carbon sequestration, cost savings, and reduction of nitrogen, synergistic;

S4. In the following year, the two crops will be swapped with rotary tillage to plant wheat and corn, so as to achieve sustainable planting with annual coverage of strip rotation, eliminate obstacles to continuous soil cropping, balance soil nutrients, and improve resource utilization. In this scheme, based on winter wheat-spring corn-summer The sustainable planting method of soybean annual mulch mainly addresses the prominent problems such as low production efficiency of grain crops (wheat, corn) in southern Xinjiang, single crop planting pattern, continuous decline of soil fertility, and severe wind erosion of farmland. The planting method of the invention can not only fully utilize the light and heat resources, improve the comprehensive productivity of the farmland, and enrich the biodiversity of the farmland, but also can improve the soil fertility by intercropping with beans and strip rotation, and realize the combination of the farmland and the farmland. In addition, the wheat-covered farmland in winter can Effectively reduce wind erosion hazards in extreme arid areas and reduce the occurrence of sandstorms. Therefore, the present invention is a sustainable planting mode with high resource efficiency, environmental friendliness and significant benefits, which can change the traditional production mode and create a new sustainable agricultural production mode. Of course, In this scheme, according to the actual production cycle, fertilization can be appropriately carried out to meet the fertility needs during flowering and fruit setting.

As shown in Figure 4-5, in another example, in S1, it also includes deep ploughing and drying before the intercropping mode, which is configured to use a deep cultivator for operation. In this scheme, because the later operations are all It is a no-till operation, so it is necessary to perform deep tillage operations on the land before to adjust the degree of compaction of the land so that it is conducive to the growth of crops in one cycle, and the deep tillage machine is configured to include:

A traction device 1 connected with a four-wheel drive tractor or a crawler tractor, which is used to realize the connection between structural members;

The deep ploughing assembly 2 matched with the traction device is used to directly contact the land to complete the deep ploughing operation on the land;

Wherein, the traction device is configured to include a mounting base 110 and at least two bearings 111 arranged on the mounting base. The bearings are respectively arranged in the holes of the mounting seat, so that the mounting seat can rotate along the holes, so that the position of the deep tillage assembly can be changed when tilling to the edge of the ground, which is convenient for the tractor to turn around and reduce its operating space. The fixation is achieved by matching screws and nuts, and matching holes can also be provided on the deep tillage assembly, and a mechanism 112 that can penetrate deep is provided on the fixed seat, and matched thrust bearings are respectively provided on the upper and lower end faces of the deep tillage assembly. Reduce friction damage during its rotation, and the uppermost end is fixed by a cover end 113 similar to a nut;

The deep tillage assembly is configured to include a deep tillage plough 210, the lower end of which has at least two inclination angles, so that it has the ability to be deep ploughed down, and a soil-retaining plate 211 is provided on the side matched with the land to be tilled, The other side is provided with a special-shaped soil turning plate 212 inclined outward, and its function is that through the synergistic effect of the soil retaining plate and the soil turning plate, during the working process of the deep plough, the soil retaining plate will limit the unturned land on one side. , it is convenient for the soil turning board to bring up the soil loosened by the deep ploughing plough through the internal hollow groove 213, and the other arc-shaped surface 214 to push out, and then through the cooperative operation of the two surfaces, the soil that has been turned up and the ditch after deep ploughing are formed. It has a larger moving space, the depth of the ditch is larger, the area of the soil after deep ploughing and the effect of drying the subsoil are better;

A disc or arc-shaped cutter 220 that is flush with the top of the turning plate in space, is arranged in front of the plough, and is used to cut the land before the deep ploughing operation, so that it can be deeply ploughed later. The plough is faster, and the deep ploughing area at both ends is wider during a single operation, and it saves more effort and saves the plough;

The thickness of the cutter on the side matched with the traveling direction of the tractor is set to 0.15-0.25mm, and the thickness of the opposite side is set to 0.35-0.5mm. Through the structural design, the cutting effect is good, and the cutting process can be There is a certain incision in the plough, which is convenient for ploughing. In this structure, the deep ploughing component is limited, so that it can complete the deep ploughing operation of 35-50cm of land under the same driving power. Compared with the prior art , it cuts first and then ploughs, the ploughing is faster, the effect is better, and it is more labor-saving, the area at both ends of the land that can be effectively ploughed is larger, saving man-hours, and the force in the working process can be shared with each other, so that the Use damage to share to ensure the service life of the equipment.

As shown in FIG. 4, in another example, the traction device further includes a fixing member 120 for connecting the mounting base with the tractor;

Wherein, the fixing member and the mounting seat are connected in a pivoting manner, the lower end of the fixing member is provided with a stopper plate 121 extending toward one side of the mounting seat, and a stopper plate 121 is provided on the stopper plate when the mounting seat rotates upwards. The arc-shaped groove 122 for avoidance, through the action of the arc-shaped groove, can stagger the position of the pivot connection when the mounting seat is lifted to complete the lifting of the equipment, so that the plough and the ground have a predetermined relationship during operation. distance, preventing damage caused by collision, and space requirements during operation, and at the same time, through the action of the stop plate, when the mounting seat needs to be lowered, its position is limited to ensure the position stability of the plow during operation;

A vertical rod 123 is provided on the fixing member, and a first lifting ring 230 is provided on the top of the mounting seat. The pulling or winding mechanism and the first wire rope are in cooperation mode. When the plough needs to be lifted, the plough is turned up by the action of the wire rope. When the degree of soil floor is large, it will affect the work of the plough, so it can be replaced by means of cylinder lifting and guide rail guidance, but usually in use, the plough is allowed to have a certain elastic contraction force, the reason is to prevent the plough from being collapse.

As shown in Figure 4, in another example, an extension plate (not shown) is provided on either side or both sides of the fixing member;

An upwardly extending limiting plate 215 is provided on the deep plough, and a second lifting ring 216 is provided on it;

The extension plate is provided with a second lead or winding mechanism (not shown) to connect with the second lifting ring through a second wire rope (not shown). The structure in this way is after a single operation is completed , it is necessary to deflect the position of the plough to facilitate its head change operation. The effects of crops or structures in the area.

In another example, it also includes a fertilization operation after deep ploughing and drying;

The fertilization operation is a deep ploughing operation opposite to deep ploughing and drying, and the corresponding organic fertilizer is applied during the deep ploughing process, and the amount of fertilization per mu is controlled at 500-700kg, and its role is to carry out basal fertilizer management on the land so that it can be Complete the slow fertilization operation in one cycle;

The organic fertilizer is configured to include by weight:

250-370 parts of distiller's grains, 80-250 parts of sugar residue, 200-400 parts of mushroom residue, 300-550 parts of plant ash, 900-1550 parts of animal manure, 700-950 parts of straw powder and/or grain husk, 280-350 parts of oil cake In this scheme, the distiller's grains used in this scheme are the residues left after brewing rice, wheat, sorghum, etc. It is rich in crude protein, about 2-3 times higher than that of corn, and also contains a variety of trace elements, vitamins, The content of lysine, methionine and tryptophan is also high in yeasts, etc., which cannot be provided by crop straws, which can be used as natural fermentation materials in fertilizers, thereby ensuring that other materials can be fully decomposed during the composting process; Sugar residue is a by-product of the sugar industry and is usually used for feed production. It has a single purpose and needs to be processed for feed, which is very troublesome. However, it contains a lot of crude fiber and nitrogen-free extracts. If it is not used, it will be Waste and pollution to the environment, edible fungus waste, also known as fungus bran, fungus residue, leftovers, etc., is the re-cultivation material after cultivating edible fungi. Hydrocarbons and trace elements, the main component of plant ash is potassium carbonate, of which potassium is the most abundant element, generally containing 6-12% potassium, of which more than 90% is water-soluble and exists in the form of carbonate; followed by Phosphorus, generally contains 1.5 to 3%; it also contains calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, and trace nutrients such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum, etc., which can be collected in farmhouses or collected after collection. The ash of different plants has different nutrient contents in the product after straw treatment (eg, after treatment with gasifier), and the potassium content of sunflower straw is the highest. When plant ash is applied in the same amount of potassium, the fertilizer effect is better than that of chemical potassium fertilizer. This component can also be removed according to the amount needed and collected, and the ratio of straw powder is increased by 200-320 parts on the original basis; a quarter of animal manure is water, and the rest is mostly protein, inorganic food, fat, undigested dietary fiber, dehydrated residues of digestive juices, cells shed from the gut and dead bacteria, as well as vitamin K, vitamin B, straw meal and/or grain husks, in grain husks The rice husk contains 36% carbon, 0.48% nitrogen, 0.32% phosphorus, and 0.27% potassium. It can get ideal fermentation effect after it is combined with animal manure, and more than half of the products of crop photosynthesis exist in the In straw, straw is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and organic matter, etc., so straw powder is a renewable biological resource with multiple uses; oil cake is a common organic fertilizer. It is made from the reusable parts of animals and plants. Generally, it is necessary to add water to seal and ferment before making fertilizer to prevent burning roots. After fermentation, it is diluted with water at a ratio of 1:20. In this scheme, it is not necessary to dilute it. The treatment and the comprehensive utilization between the parts are combined with deep ploughing and fertilization, so it can be used directly. This scheme makes full use of the ratio of each component to obtain an organic fertilizer. Compared with the organic fertilizer in the prior art, its Raw materials can be purchased from a number of producers of wine, sugar, mushrooms, aquaculture, and oil extraction, which can increase their added value and facilitate the processing of accessories by various industries. It needs to be treated twice, at most to control its moisture content for the convenience of transportation, and each enterprise can achieve it by adding corresponding drying or pressing treatment, which is convenient for its secondary utilization, so the raw materials are easily available and can be realized The cycle between industries, at the same time, the organic fertilizer obtained by this program has sufficient fertility and slow release, which is especially suitable for fertilization in the process of deep ploughing, which can slowly provide fertility to crops, and can improve soil at the same time. Specifically, in this program The organic fertilizer is rich in a lot of beneficial substances, including a variety of organic acids, peptides, amino acids, cellulose, and rich nutrients including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., which can not only provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, but also have long fertilizer efficiency. It increases and renews soil organic matter, promotes microbial reproduction, and improves the physical and chemical properties and biological activity of soil. It is the main nutrient for green food production. Cultivation of food.

In another example, the organic fertilizer is configured to include by weight:

300 parts of distiller's grains, 170 parts of sugar dregs, 320 parts of mushroom dregs, 450 parts of plant ash, 1350 parts of animal manure, 820 parts of straw powder and/or grain husk, and 310 parts of oil cake In order to achieve the best fermentation and composting effect, it can meet the needs of deep ploughing and fertilization.

In another example, the preparation method of described organic fertilizer comprises:

S10, fermented and ripening powder, add sugar residue into the stacking barrel by weight, stir and dissolve with water, then add oil cake and distiller's grains, stir and mix thoroughly, ferment at a temperature above 62-70 degrees Celsius for 25-30 days, and then mix The finished product of the ripening powder can be obtained by mixing with the plant ash evenly. Compared with the prior art, it can make full use of the characteristics of the raw material itself to prepare the corresponding ripening powder without the need to add additional additives to function. Due to the synergistic effect of raw material ratio and temperature control, the preparation time can be effectively shortened;

S11, composting, air-drying animal feces to a moisture content of less than 25%, mixing straw powder and/or grain husks, mushroom residues, and animal feces into the ripening powder of the stacker, fully mixing and evenly fermenting and decomposing, and Mixing is carried out every 5-6 days, after mixing 3-4 times in total, and after ripening for 3-4 days, the preparation of organic fertilizer is completed. It is better. At the same time, by using a matching stacker for composting and fermentation operations, the exhaust gas generated during its work will not overflow and reduce the pollution to the environment. Through multiple mixing operations, it will be decomposed. The effect is better, and it meets the requirements of composting for the fermentation effect of each raw material. In this case, when the external temperature is 15 degrees, the temperature at 30 cm below the surface of the compost can reach 80 degrees Celsius on the third day or so after piling. The first time During the tumbling, the temperature at 30 cm below the surface of the compost can reach 85 degrees Celsius, which is almost odorless; the temperature at 30 cm below the surface of the compost for the second turning is 65 degrees Celsius, and the temperature at 30 cm below the surface of the compost during the third turning The temperature of the compost is about 45 degrees Celsius, the temperature after mixing is about 33 degrees Celsius, and the moisture content is about 30%. During the post-ripening process, the temperature will drop to almost the same as the room temperature, and the decomposing of the compost is completed. In this process, because The ingredients themselves and the reasons for their interaction, combined with the sealed hopper, make the compost temperature rise faster, the processing time can be greatly shortened, and the decomposing effect can meet the requirements of use.

6, in another example, the stacker is configured to include:

the barrel body 3, which is configured as a double-layer structure to define an accommodating cavity;

The barrel cover 4, which cooperates with the upper end of the barrel body to realize the closure, is used to seal the interior of the barrel body, and can be lifted by the matching lifting mechanism to realize the separation, covering and pressing of the barrel body. function to ensure that its sealing effect is not affected, and at the same time to ensure that it can discharge and feed normally. According to needs, the barrel cover can also be directly set to be pressed and sealed with the barrel body, and the matching discharge material can be set on the barrel body The inlet and the feeding port realize the in and out of the material, and the material inlet and outlet of each feeding port are sealed by the partitions that can move the position, and the mixing after feeding can be carried out by the stirring component without manual operation;

The stirring component 5, which penetrates the barrel cover and penetrates deep into the barrel to periodically mix the raw materials, is used for stirring and mixing the materials. The composting effect meets the requirements;

Wherein, a heating layer 30, a thermal insulation layer 31, a thermal insulation layer and/or a sound-absorbing layer 32 are sequentially arranged in the accommodating chamber from the inside to the outside, and the inside can be heated according to production needs or when the ambient temperature is low through the heating layer. Or supplement, accelerate its internal temperature increase, effectively shorten its composting time, and ensure its fermentation effect during the composting process;

The barrel cover is provided with a bending portion 40 at the position matching the upper end of the barrel, which is used to produce a buckling effect and ensure the tightness of the combination of the two. The bending portion is in a position that matches the outer edge of the barrel There is a ring-shaped guide 41 with a tapered structure on it, which is used to initiate the buckling process of the two to ensure that the two can easily complete the buckling operation in space, and at the same time have a certain elastic force. seam for a certain amount of sealing;

A flexible filling layer (not shown) is arranged in the cavity between the bending part and the annular guide, which is used to give a flexible support force to the guide, so that it can return to its original position after being compressed , to ensure the structural stability of the guide;

The top of the annular guide is provided with at least one layer of hollow sealing ring 42 at the position matching the outer edge of the barrel, which is used to pass the action of the hollow sealing ring, so that it has a certain extrusion margin to facilitate the guide. Through this, the fastening operation of the two is completed, and at the same time, the joint seam can be blocked by the elastic restoring force after extrusion, so as to ensure the sealing effect of the two, thereby preventing them from being limited by the sealing, affecting the composting effect, or affecting the external environmental impact.

6, in another example, the stirring assembly is configured to include:

The rotating shaft 50 is detachably provided with a stirring assembly 510 with a predetermined distance from the barrel cover, which is used to change the position of the material by rotating or linearly rising, thereby ensuring that its composting effect meets the requirements, the predetermined distance Adaptive adjustment according to the height of its lifting;

The first power mechanism 520, which cooperates with the rotating shaft to complete the rotation and stirring of the material, is used to make the position of the material on the flat layer change by rotating;

The second power mechanism 530, which cooperates with the rotating shaft to make it move up and down in the barrel, is used to lift the rotating bottom material upward to ensure that the mixing effect meets the requirements of use. install and fix;

Wherein, the stirring assembly is configured to include at least three layers of stirring mechanisms that are spirally staggered, and the staggered structure is designed so that it can be regarded as a spiral rise in the height and circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, thereby ensuring the effect of lifting the material upward from the bottom;

The distance between each stirring mechanism and the side wall of the barrel is configured to decrease from top to bottom, and each stirring mechanism is configured to include, the design of the distance between the stirring mechanism and the side wall of the barrel, so that it can use the bottom to top for the material. To improve, and then to ensure its lifting effect:

The width of the horizontal stirring member 512 parallel to the bottom surface of the barrel is configured to be greater than 10 cm, its horizontal design has a certain lifting force, and its width design makes it have a certain physical structure stability and is suitable for material lifting operations;

The inclined stirring member 513 arranged at the bottom of the horizontal stirring member, the space height of which is configured to be less than 7cm, is used to rotate the material in the horizontal direction, and at the same time, for the bottom, it can scrape the material at the bottom operation to ensure that the stirring effect meets the requirements, and at the same time, the height is configured to ensure good structural stability and long service life. At the same time, when going down, it can play a similar effect as a drill bit. The barrel cover can be set with bearings at the position matched with the rotating shaft to ensure that the interference between the two is smaller;

The stirring mechanisms of adjacent layers are further connected by at least one helical stirring member 514. The minimum diameter of each helical stirring member is configured to be not less than 5cm, which is used to connect the layers into a whole. During the entire lifting operation, It can play a role similar to a siphon, which can greatly lift the material upwards, ensure its mixing effect, and at the same time ensure the stability between its structures.

The above solution is only an illustration of a preferred example, but not limited thereto. When implementing the present invention, appropriate substitutions and/or modifications may be made according to user needs.

The number of apparatuses and processing scales described here are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications set forth in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully adapted to various fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications can readily be implemented by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the specific details and illustrations herein shown and described, without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and the scope of equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. an annual covering sustainable planting method based on winter wheat-spring corn-summer soybean, is characterized in that, comprises: S1. At the beginning of October of the previous year, according to the intercropping mode of wheat/corn, and the width of both wheat and corn is set to 110cm, 8 rows of winter wheat with a row spacing of 12cm are sown, and the corn reserved zone is covered with plastic film, and the crops are Mulch film covers the ground alternately; S2. Spring corn was sown in the reserved zone in April of that year, and the corn was planted in 3 rows, with a row spacing of 40cm and a plant spacing of 25cm, forming a wheat intercropping corn pattern; S3 and early June, when the wheat is harvested, 4 rows of summer soybeans are sown in the wheat belt with no-tillage, the row spacing is 40cm, and the plant spacing is 30cm, forming a corn intercropping soybean mode; S4. In the following year, the two crops will be swapped with rotary tillage to plant wheat and corn, so as to achieve sustainable planting with annual coverage of strip cropping. 2. the sustainable planting method of annual mulching based on winter wheat-spring corn-summer soybean as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in S1, also comprises the deep tillage before intercropping pattern, it is configured to adopt A sub-cultivator operates, the sub-cultivator configured to include: Towing gear attached to a four-wheel drive tractor or crawler tractor; Deep tillage components matched with traction devices; Wherein, the traction device is configured to include a mounting seat, and at least two bearings arranged on the mounting seat; The deep tillage assembly is configured to include a deep tillage plough, one side of which is matched with the land to be tilled is provided with a soil retaining plate, and the other side is provided with a special-shaped soil turning plate inclined outward; A disc or arc-shaped cutter that is spatially flush with the top of the turning board; The thickness of the cutting knife is set to 0.15-0.25mm on the side matched with the traveling direction of the tractor, and the thickness of the opposite side is set to 0.35-0.5mm. 3. the sustainable planting method based on the annual coverage of winter wheat-spring corn-summer soybean as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described traction device also comprises the fixing piece that the mounting seat is connected with the tractor; Wherein, the fixing piece is connected with the mounting seat in a pivoting manner, the lower end of the fixing piece is provided with a stop plate extending to one side of the mounting seat, and the stop plate is provided with a stop plate which is installed when the mounting seat rotates upwards. Avoid arc groove; The fixing member is provided with a vertical rod, the top of the mounting seat is provided with a first lifting ring, and the vertical rod is connected by a first guiding or winding mechanism and a first steel wire rope. 4. the sustainable planting method of annual covering based on winter wheat-spring corn-summer soybean as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, any side or both sides of described fixing member is provided with extension plate; An upwardly extending limiting plate is arranged on the deep plough, and a second lifting ring is arranged on it; The extension plate is provided with a second pulling or winding mechanism to connect with the second hoisting ring through the second wire rope. 5. the sustainable planting method of annual covering based on winter wheat-spring corn-summer soybean as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprises the fertilization operation after deep ploughing and drying; The fertilization operation is a deep ploughing operation opposite to deep ploughing and drying, and the corresponding organic fertilizer is applied during the deep ploughing process, and the fertilization amount per mu is controlled at 500-700kg; The organic fertilizer is configured to include by weight: 250-370 parts of distiller's grains, 80-250 parts of sugar residue, 200-400 parts of mushroom residue, 300-550 parts of plant ash, 900-1550 parts of animal manure, 700-950 parts of straw powder and/or grain husk, 280-350 parts of oil cake share. 6. the sustainable planting method of annual covering based on winter wheat-spring corn-summer soybean as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described organic fertilizer is configured to comprise by weight ratio: 300 parts of distiller's grains, 170 parts of sugar dregs, 320 parts of mushroom dregs, 450 parts of plant ash, 1350 parts of animal manure, 820 parts of straw powder and/or grain husk, and 310 parts of oil cake. 7. the sustainable planting method of annual covering based on winter wheat-spring corn-summer soybean as claimed in claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described organic fertilizer comprises: S10, fermented and ripening powder, add sugar residue into the stacking barrel by weight, stir and dissolve with water, then add oil cake and distiller's grains, stir and mix thoroughly, ferment at a temperature above 62-70 degrees Celsius for 25-30 days, and then mix Stir evenly with the plant ash to obtain the finished product of ripening powder; S11, composting, air-drying animal feces to a moisture content of less than 25%, mixing straw powder and/or grain husks, mushroom residues, and animal feces into the ripening powder of the stacker, fully mixing and evenly fermenting and decomposing, and Mixing is carried out once every 5-6 days, and after mixing 3-4 times in total, after ripening for 3-4 days, the preparation of the organic fertilizer is completed. 8. The sustainable planting method for annual mulching based on winter wheat-spring corn-summer soybean as claimed in claim 7, wherein the stacker is configured to include: a barrel body, which is configured to have a double-layer structure to define an accommodation cavity; It is matched with the upper end of the barrel to realize a closed barrel cover; A stirring component that runs through the barrel cover and penetrates deep into the barrel to periodically mix the raw materials; Wherein, a heating layer, a thermal insulation layer, a thermal insulation layer and/or a sound-absorbing layer are sequentially arranged in the accommodating cavity from the inside to the outside; The barrel cover is provided with a bent portion at a position matched with the upper end of the barrel, and the bent portion is provided with an annular guide with a tapered structure at a position matched with the outer edge of the barrel; A flexible filling layer is arranged in the cavity between the bending part and the annular guide; At least one layer of hollow sealing ring is provided on the top of the annular guide at a position matched with the outer edge of the barrel. 9. The sustainable planting method for annual mulching based on winter wheat-spring corn-summer soybean as claimed in claim 8, wherein the stirring assembly is configured to include: a rotating shaft, on which a stirring assembly having a predetermined distance from the barrel cover is detachably arranged; The first power mechanism that cooperates with the rotating shaft to complete the material rotation and stirring; A second power mechanism that cooperates with the rotating shaft to make it move up and down in the barrel; Wherein, the stirring assembly is configured to include at least three layers of stirring mechanisms that are spirally staggered; The distance between each stirring mechanism and the side wall of the barrel is configured to decrease from top to bottom, and each stirring mechanism is configured to include: The width of the transverse stirring member parallel to the bottom surface of the barrel is configured to be greater than 10cm; The space height of the inclined stirring member arranged at the bottom of the horizontal stirring member is configured to be less than 7cm; The stirring mechanisms of adjacent layers are further connected by at least one screw stirring member, and the minimum diameter of each screw stirring member is configured to be no less than 5 cm.

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