CN111328690A

CN111328690A - Precise anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for northwest arid region and application method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111328690A
Application number: CN202010251342.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙文泰; 马明; 董铁; 尹晓宁; 刘兴禄; 牛军强
Original assignee: INSTITUTE OF FRUIT AND FLORICULTURE RESEARCH GANSU ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Current assignee: INSTITUTE OF FRUIT AND FLORICULTURE RESEARCH GANSU ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Priority date: 2020-04-01
Filing date: 2020-04-01
Publication date: 2020-06-26

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizing machinery, in particular to a precise anti-blocking liquid fertilizing gun suitable for northwest arid regions, which comprises a gun body, wherein a liquid spraying tank is arranged at the upper end of the gun body, a pressing handle is hinged to one side of the upper end of the liquid spraying tank, a piston chamber and a liquid spraying chamber which are mutually communicated are arranged in the liquid spraying tank, a piston block is movably connected in the piston chamber, the top of the piston block is connected with the pressing handle, a quantitative assembly is further arranged above the piston block, a gun head is fixedly connected to the lower end of the gun body, a liquid outlet channel is arranged in the gun head, a nozzle is arranged at the upper end of the gun head, the nozzle is communicated with the liquid outlet channel, a mud blocking sleeve is further arranged outside the nozzle, the mud blocking sleeve is connected to the lower part of the gun body in a; can carry on spacingly to the piston piece through setting up quantitative subassembly to quantitative liquid ejection volume, the operator can adjust the fertile volume of spouting of fertilization rifle according to actual demand, has avoided extravagant fertilizer even leads to the condition of crop poisoning to take place.

Description

Precise anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for northwest arid region and application method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizing machinery, in particular to a precise anti-blocking liquid fertilizing gun suitable for northwest arid regions and a using method thereof.

Background

Fertilization refers to an agricultural technical measure of applying a fertilizer into soil or spraying the fertilizer on plants, providing nutrients required by the plants and maintaining and improving the soil fertility. The main purposes of fertilization are to increase crop yield, improve crop quality, fertilize soil and improve economic benefits, so that reasonable and scientific fertilization is one of the main means for guaranteeing grain safety and maintaining sustainable development of agriculture. The main basis for fertilization is soil fertility level, crop type, target yield, climate environment and fertilizer characteristics, so that a suitable fertilizer is selected, the required fertilizer dosage is estimated, and the fertilization time and fertilization mode are determined. The method can be divided into base fertilizer and additional fertilizer according to different fertilization time, and can be divided into broadcast application, water application, hole application, strip application and the like according to different fertilization modes; the spreading and the flushing are favorable for the diffusion of nutrients, the application is convenient, but the nutrient loss is large, and the utilization rate is lower; the nutrient loss of hole application and strip application is less, the utilization rate is high, but certain mechanical energy is consumed; with the development of modern precision agriculture, precision fertilization is rapidly developed and becomes an important fertilization mode.

Because the base fertilizer is applied to the fruit trees in the furrows in autumn, the base fertilizer provides sufficient storage nutrients for the growth of the fruit trees in the next year. And the furrow application of the top dressing for 3-4 times in the growing season takes labor, damages the root system of the fruit tree in the vigorous growth stage, has low fertilizer efficiency and influences the large demand of the fruit tree on nutrient elements in the growing season. Therefore, the water and fertilizer integrated top dressing mode is used, water is supplemented while fertilizer is supplemented, fertilizer dissolution is promoted, accurate fertilization can be aimed at the position where the fruit trees need fertilizer, and the water and fertilizer requiring period can be randomly adjusted according to the fruit trees. The method is a labor-saving cultivation measure, improves the fertilizer efficiency, saves the labor, promotes the quality improvement and the efficiency improvement of modern fruit trees, and conforms to the good measures of 'double reduction' -weight reduction and drug reduction called by the current state.

The fertilizer gun is used for fertilizing, the fertilizer can be directly applied to the concentrated distribution area of the root system of the fruit tree, the fertilizing depth and the fertilizing amount can be adjusted, and the fertilizer can be saved by more than one time compared with the traditional fertilizing method. The reasonable application can improve the fertilization speed by about 3 to 4 times and increase the yield by more than 15 percent.

The mountainous fruit trees in dry and rainy cultivation areas in northwest have special planting environments, high altitude, strong sunshine, soft soil, water and fertilizer shortage, no irrigation conditions, continuous drought in winter and spring, are not beneficial to fruit tree growth and water and fertilizer requirement, and more need convenient and labor-saving orchard agricultural machinery for mountainous region operation, so that the working efficiency is improved (especially aiming at the current planting industry aging trend, convenient tools and convenient use by the old).

However, the prior fertilizing gun has the following defects in practical use:

1) the liquid fertilizer that the fertilization rifle single blowout can't the ration, and the operator is difficult to adjust the fertilization volume according to the actual demand of different crops, causes extravagant fertilizer easily and leads to the condition of crop poisoning even to take place.

2) When fertilizing a fruit tree with a deeper root system, a gun head of a fertilizing gun needs to be inserted into soil around a crop root system for fertilizer spraying, particularly, Gansu province is located in loess plateau and is one of four large-production areas of apples, orchards with multiple mountainous regions and tablelands are inconvenient to transport, soil belongs to loam clay and is not beneficial to water and fertilizer retention, organic matter content is low, and a deep soil layer contains a dry layer. The irrigation condition is not available, and even if there is an irrigated place, water evaporation and runoff loss are caused by large temperature difference between morning and evening, drought and high temperature. The special soil property and natural conditions determine that the spray head is easily blocked by soil in the process of inserting the gun head, so that the condition of poor fertilizer spraying effect and even equipment failure is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a precise anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for northwest dry areas and a using method thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the precision anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for the dry areas in northwest China comprises a gun body, wherein a liquid spraying tank is arranged at the upper end of the gun body, a pressing handle is hinged to one side of the upper end of the liquid spraying tank, a piston chamber and a liquid spraying chamber which are communicated with each other are arranged inside the liquid spraying tank, a piston block is movably connected in the piston chamber, the top of the piston block is connected with the pressing handle, a quantitative assembly is further arranged above the piston block, a gun head is fixedly connected to the lower end of the gun body, a liquid outlet channel is arranged inside the gun head, a nozzle is arranged at the upper end of the gun head and communicated with the liquid outlet channel, a mud blocking sleeve is further arranged outside the nozzle and is connected to the lower portion of the gun body in a sliding mode, the mud blocking sleeve is connected with the pressing handle.

Preferably, the upper end of the piston block is fixedly connected with the bottom end of a connecting column, the top end of the connecting column is rotatably connected with the lower end of a pressing rod, the upper end of the pressing rod is fixedly connected with the lower end of a pressing handle, and the connecting column is slidably connected with the upper end of the piston chamber.

Preferably, a connecting hole is connected between the piston chamber and the liquid spraying chamber, a pressing block is connected in the connecting hole in a sliding mode, the upper end of the pressing block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the piston block, a first pressure spring is sleeved outside the pressing block, and the first pressure spring is located between the bottom end of the piston block and the bottom end of the liquid spraying chamber.

Preferably, a water outlet groove is communicated between the spraying chamber and the liquid outlet channel, and the lower end of the spraying chamber is communicated with a water inlet groove; the bottom end of the water outlet groove is fixedly connected with a first fixing ring, one end of a second pressure spring is fixedly connected to the first fixing ring, the other end of the second pressure spring is fixedly connected with a water outlet plug, and the water outlet plug is positioned at the lower end of an opening at the upper part of the water outlet groove; the upper end fixedly connected with second retainer plate of intake chamber, the lower extreme fixedly connected with one end of third pressure spring of second retainer plate, the other end of third pressure spring is fixed with the stopper of intaking, the stopper of intaking is located the opening lower extreme of intake chamber.

Preferably, the ration subassembly includes snap ring and lead screw, the snap ring cover is established in the outside of spliced pole, the snap ring is located the top of piston block, the one end of the upper end fixedly connected with connecting plate of snap ring, the movable hole has been seted up at the middle part of connecting plate, the depression bar runs through in the movable hole, the other end threaded connection of connecting plate is in the lead screw, the bottom of lead screw is rotated and is connected with the lead screw and rotates the seat, the lead screw rotates a fixed connection and spouts the lateral wall surface of fluid reservoir, the rotatory handle of twisting of top fixedly connected with of lead screw, one side of lead screw is equipped with the scale, scale fixed connection is at the lateral.

Preferably, press the one end of going back fixedly connected with pull rod on the handle, the other end fixedly connected with cable of pull rod, go back fixedly connected with slider on the cable, the spout has been seted up to a bottom lateral wall of the rifle body, slider sliding connection is in the spout, the bottom intercommunication of spout has the lift hole, the lift hole is the loop configuration, the bottom in lift hole is equipped with reset assembly, reset assembly's one end fixed connection is in the cable, reset assembly's other end fixed connection is in the upper end of fender mud cover, fender mud cover sliding connection is in the bottom in lift hole.

Preferably, the pulling hole is internally and fixedly connected with a fixing ring, the reset components are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of reset components are respectively arranged on two sides of the fixing ring.

Preferably, the reset assembly includes the slide bar, slide bar sliding connection is in solid fixed ring, the upper end fixedly connected with limiting plate of slide bar, the lower extreme fixed connection of slide bar is in the upper end of fender mud cover, the cover is equipped with the fourth pressure spring on the slide bar, the fourth pressure spring is located solid fixed ring and fender mud between the cover.

Preferably, the nozzle is cylindrical, at least two groups of spray holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the nozzle, the diameter of the radial section of the nozzle is smaller than the diameter of the lower portion of the gun body and the diameter of the upper portion of the gun head, an annular groove is formed in the portion, protruding out of the nozzle, of the upper end of the gun head, the annular groove is matched with the lower end of the mud blocking sleeve, and a gap is formed between the inner wall of the mud blocking sleeve and the nozzle.

Preferably, the use method of the precision anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for the northwest drought region comprises the following specific implementation steps:

firstly, screwing a screw rod according to a scale, and driving a clamp ring to move to a specified position by the screw rod to limit a piston block so as to quantify the liquid ejection amount;

secondly, connecting a water inlet groove at the lower end of the liquid spraying tank with an external liquid tank through a guide pipe, pressing a pressing handle for multiple times, driving a piston block to be pressed downwards through a pressing rod and a connecting column, discharging redundant air in a piston chamber, and introducing liquid fertilizer through the guide pipe;

inserting the gun head at the bottom of the gun body into a fertilizing point near a crop root system, pressing a pressing handle downwards, driving a piston block to press downwards through a pressing rod and a connecting column, guiding the liquid fertilizer in a piston chamber into a liquid outlet channel through a water outlet groove, driving a pull rod through the pressing handle, driving a sliding rod to pull a mud blocking sleeve to rise through a pull rope by the pull rod, and spraying the liquid fertilizer through a nozzle to fertilize crops;

and step four, loosening the pressing handle, driving the piston block to reset by the first pressure spring, resetting the pressing handle to put down the pull rod, driving the sliding rod to reset by the fourth pressure spring, and driving the mud blocking sleeve to descend by the sliding rod.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) this liquid fertilization rifle is prevented to smart volume suitable for northwest arid area can carry on spacingly to the piston piece through setting up quantitative subassembly to quantitative liquid ejection volume, the operator can be according to the fertile volume of spouting of actual demand adjustment fertilization rifle, has avoided extravagant fertilizer even leads to the condition of crop poisoning to take place.

2) According to the precise anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for the dry areas in the northwest, the mud blocking sleeve is driven to descend by the pressing handle to protect the nozzle, so that the situation that the gun head is blocked by a spray hole in the process of being inserted into soil is avoided, and the mud blocking sleeve is provided with a gap with the nozzle inside the mud blocking sleeve, so that the blockage of the nozzle caused by direct contact of soil after the mud blocking sleeve is retracted can be avoided; simultaneously, the mud blocking sleeve keeps a closed state through the reset assembly at ordinary times, and the nozzle sprays fertilizer when being opened along with the mud blocking sleeve when pressing the handle, so that additional operation is not needed, and the use is convenient.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of part A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion C of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion D of FIG. 1;

in the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

the device comprises a gun body 1, a liquid spraying tank 2, a pressure handle 3, a piston chamber 4, a liquid spraying chamber 5, a piston block 6, a gun head 7, a liquid outlet channel 8, a nozzle 9, a mud blocking sleeve 10, a connecting column 11, a pressure rod 12, a pressure block 13, a first pressure spring 14, a water outlet groove 15, a water inlet groove 16, a first fixing ring 17, a second pressure spring 18, a water outlet plug 19, a second fixing ring 20, a third pressure spring 21, a water inlet plug 22, a snap ring 23, a screw rod 24, a connecting plate 25, a screwing handle 26, a pull rod 27, a pull rope 28, a slide block 29, a slide groove 30, a pulling hole 31, a fixing ring 32, a sliding rod 33, a limiting plate 34, a fourth pressure spring 35, a spray hole 36 and a screw.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a smart volume prevents stifled liquid fertilization rifle suitable for northwest arid area, including the rifle body 1, the upper end of the rifle body 1 is equipped with fluid reservoir 2, upper end one side of fluid reservoir 2 articulates there is the pressure 3, the inside of fluid reservoir 2 is equipped with piston chamber 4 and hydrojet chamber 5 of intercommunication each other, swing joint has piston block 6 in the piston chamber 4, the top and the pressure 3 of piston block 6 are connected, the top of piston block 6 still is equipped with quantitative subassembly, the lower extreme fixedly connected with rifle head 7 of rifle body 1, the inside of rifle head 7 is equipped with out liquid channel 8, the upper end of rifle head 7 is equipped with nozzle 9, nozzle 9 is linked together with out liquid channel 8, nozzle 9 outside still is equipped with fender mud cover 10, fender mud cover 10 sliding connection is in rifle body 1 lower part, fender mud cover 10 is connected with pressure 3, the outer wall of rifle body 1 is provided with scale mark, (not marked in the figure) when convenient fertilizer distributor inserts the fertilization rifle, The depth is determined by the centralized distribution depth of the fruit tree root system.

Wherein, the upper end fixedly connected with spliced pole 11's of piston piece 6 bottom, the top of spliced pole 11 rotates the lower extreme that is connected with depression bar 12, and the upper end fixed connection of depression bar 12 is at the lower extreme of pressure handle 3, spliced pole 11 sliding connection in the upper end of piston chamber 4.

Wherein, be connected with the connecting hole between piston chamber 4 and the hydrojet room 5, sliding connection has briquetting 13 in the connecting hole, and the upper end fixed connection of briquetting 13 is at the lower extreme of piston block 6, and briquetting 13 overcoat is equipped with first pressure spring 14, and first pressure spring 14 is located between the bottom of piston block 6 and hydrojet room 5.

Wherein, a water outlet groove 15 is communicated between the liquid spraying chamber 5 and the liquid outlet channel 8, and the lower end of the liquid spraying chamber 5 is communicated with a water inlet groove 16; the bottom end of the water outlet groove 15 is fixedly connected with a first fixing ring 17, the upper end of the first fixing ring 17 is fixedly connected with one end of a second pressure spring 18, the other end of the second pressure spring 18 is fixedly connected with a water outlet plug 19, and the water outlet plug 19 is positioned at the lower end of an upper opening of the water outlet groove 15; the upper end fixedly connected with second retainer plate 20 of intake antrum 16, the lower extreme fixedly connected with one end of third pressure spring 21 of second retainer plate 20, the other end of third pressure spring 21 is fixed with into water stopper 22, and into water stopper 22 is located the open lower extreme of intake antrum 16.

Wherein, the ration subassembly includes snap ring 23 and lead screw 24, snap ring 23 cover is established in the outside of spliced pole 11, snap ring 23 is located the top of piston block 6, the one end of the upper end fixedly connected with connecting plate 25 of snap ring 23, the movable hole has been seted up at the middle part of connecting plate 25, depression bar 12 runs through in the movable hole, the other end threaded connection of connecting plate is in lead screw 24, the bottom of lead screw 24 is rotated and is connected with the lead screw and rotates seat 37, seat 37 fixed connection is rotated at the lateral wall surface of spouting jar 2 to the lead screw, the rotatory handle 26 of twisting of the top fixedly connected with of lead screw 24, one side of lead screw 24 is equipped with the.

Wherein, press the one end of going back fixedly connected with pull rod 27 on 3, the other end fixedly connected with cable 28 of pull rod 27, go back fixedly connected with slider 29 on the cable 28, spout 30 has been seted up to the bottom lateral wall of rifle body 1, slider 29 sliding connection is in spout 30, the bottom intercommunication of spout 30 has the lift hole 31, the lift hole 31 is the loop configuration, the bottom of the lift hole 31 is equipped with reset assembly, reset assembly's one end fixed connection is in cable 28, reset assembly's other end fixed connection is in the upper end of fender mud cover 10, fender mud cover 10 sliding connection is in the bottom of the lift hole 31.

Wherein, the interior fixedly connected with of lifting hole 31 is solid fixed ring 32, and reset assembly is equipped with two sets ofly, and two sets of reset assembly set up respectively in solid fixed ring 32's both sides.

Wherein, the subassembly that resets includes slide bar 33, slide bar 33 sliding connection in solid fixed ring 32, the upper end fixedly connected with limiting plate 34 of slide bar 33, the lower extreme fixed connection of slide bar 33 is in the upper end of fender mud cover 10, and the cover is equipped with fourth pressure spring 35 on the slide bar 33, and fourth pressure spring 35 is located between solid fixed ring 32 and the fender mud cover 10.

The nozzle 9 is cylindrical, at least two groups of spray holes 36 are circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the nozzle 9, the diameter of the radial section of the nozzle 9 is smaller than the diameter of the lower part of the gun body 1 and the diameter of the upper part of the gun head 7, the part of the upper end of the gun head 7 protruding out of the nozzle 9 is provided with an annular groove, the annular groove is matched with the lower end of the mud blocking sleeve 10, and a gap is formed between the inner wall of the mud blocking sleeve 10 and the nozzle 9.

Example two

A use method of a precise anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for northwest arid regions comprises the following specific implementation steps:

firstly, a screw rod 24 is screwed according to a scale, the screw rod 24 drives a clamp ring 23 to move to a specified position to limit the piston block 6 so as to quantify the liquid spraying amount;

secondly, connecting a water inlet groove 16 at the lower end of the liquid spraying tank 2 with an external liquid tank through a guide pipe, pressing the handle 3 for multiple times, driving the piston block 6 to be pressed down by the handle 3 through the pressure rod 12 and the connecting column 11, discharging redundant air in the piston chamber 4, and introducing liquid fertilizer through the guide pipe;

inserting the gun head 7 at the bottom of the gun body 1 into a fertilizing point near a crop root system, pressing the handle 3 downwards, driving the piston block 6 to press downwards by the handle 3 through the pressure rod 12 and the connecting column 11, guiding the liquid fertilizer in the piston chamber 4 into the liquid outlet channel 8 through the water outlet groove 15, driving the pull rod 27 by the handle 3, driving the sliding rod 33 by the pull rod 27 through the inhaul cable 28 to pull the mud blocking sleeve 10 to rise, and spraying the liquid fertilizer through the nozzle 9 to fertilize the crop;

and step four, the pressing handle 3 is loosened, the first pressure spring 14 drives the piston block 6 to reset, the pressing handle 3 resets and puts down the pull rod 27, the fourth pressure spring 35 drives the sliding rod 33 to reset, and the sliding rod 33 drives the mud blocking sleeve 10 to descend.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. The precision anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for northwest dry land comprises a gun body (1) and is characterized in that a liquid spraying tank (2) is arranged at the upper end of the gun body (1), a pressing handle (3) is hinged to one side of the upper end of the liquid spraying tank (2), a piston chamber (4) and a liquid spraying chamber (5) which are communicated with each other are arranged inside the liquid spraying tank (2), a piston block (6) is movably connected inside the piston chamber (4), the top of the piston block (6) is connected with the pressing handle (3), a quantitative assembly is further arranged above the piston block (6), a gun head (7) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the gun body (1), a liquid outlet channel (8) is arranged inside the gun head (7), a nozzle (9) is arranged at the upper end of the gun head (7), the nozzle (9) is communicated with the liquid outlet channel (8), a mud blocking sleeve (10) is further arranged outside the nozzle (9), the mud blocking sleeve (10) is connected to the lower portion of the gun body (1) in a sliding mode, the mud blocking sleeve (10) is connected with the pressing handle (3), and scale marks are arranged on the outer wall of the gun body (1).

2. The precise anti-blocking liquid fertilizer application gun suitable for northwest arid regions is characterized in that the upper end of the piston block (6) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of a connecting column (11), the top end of the connecting column (11) is rotatably connected with the lower end of a pressure rod (12), the upper end of the pressure rod (12) is fixedly connected with the lower end of a pressure handle (3), and the connecting column (11) is slidably connected with the upper end of a piston chamber (4).

3. The precise anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for the northwest dry land is characterized in that a connecting hole is connected between the piston chamber (4) and the liquid spraying chamber (5), a pressing block (13) is slidably connected in the connecting hole, the upper end of the pressing block (13) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the piston block (6), a first pressing spring (14) is sleeved outside the pressing block (13), and the first pressing spring (14) is located between the bottom ends of the piston block (6) and the liquid spraying chamber (5).

4. The precision anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for the dry land in northwest of China as claimed in claim 1, wherein a water outlet groove (15) is communicated between the liquid spraying chamber (5) and the liquid outlet channel (8), and a water inlet groove (16) is communicated with the lower end of the liquid spraying chamber (5); the bottom end of the water outlet groove (15) is fixedly connected with a first fixing ring (17), the upper end of the first fixing ring (17) is fixedly connected with one end of a second pressure spring (18), the other end of the second pressure spring (18) is fixedly connected with a water outlet plug (19), and the water outlet plug (19) is positioned at the lower end of an opening in the upper part of the water outlet groove (15); the upper end fixedly connected with second retainer plate (20) of intake antrum (16), the lower extreme fixedly connected with one end of third pressure spring (21) of second retainer plate (20), the other end of third pressure spring (21) is fixed with into water stopper (22), it is located the opening lower extreme of intake antrum (16) to advance water stopper (22).

5. The precision anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for the northwest dry land is characterized in that the quantitative assembly comprises a clamping ring (23) and a screw rod (24), the clamping ring (23) is sleeved outside a connecting column (11), the clamping ring (23) is positioned above a piston block (6), one end of a connecting plate (25) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the clamping ring (23), a movable hole is formed in the middle of the connecting plate (25), a pressing rod (12) penetrates through the movable hole, the other end of the connecting plate is in threaded connection with the screw rod (24), a screw rod rotating seat (37) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the screw rod (24), the screw rod rotating seat (37) is fixedly connected to the side wall surface of the liquid spraying tank (2), a screwing handle (26) is fixedly connected to the top end of the screw rod (24), and a scale is arranged on one side of the screw rod (24), the scale is fixedly connected to the side wall of the liquid spraying tank (2).

6. The precision anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for the dry land area in the northwest of the China according to claim 1, it is characterized in that one end of a pull rod (27) is also fixedly connected on the pressing handle (3), the other end of the pull rod (27) is fixedly connected with a pull cable (28), the pull cable (28) is also fixedly connected with a slide block (29), a sliding groove (30) is arranged on one side wall of the bottom of the gun body (1), the sliding block (29) is connected with the sliding groove (30) in a sliding manner, the bottom of the sliding chute (30) is communicated with a pulling hole (31), the pulling hole (31) is of an annular structure, a reset component is arranged at the bottom of the pulling hole (31), one end of the reset component is fixedly connected with a pulling cable (28), the other end fixed connection of reset unit is in the upper end of fender mud cover (10), fender mud cover (10) sliding connection is in the bottom of drawing rising hole (31).

7. The precision anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for the northwest dry land is characterized in that fixing rings (32) are fixedly connected in the lifting holes (31), two groups of reset assemblies are arranged, and the two groups of reset assemblies are respectively arranged on two sides of the fixing rings (32).

8. The smart anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for northwest arid region of claim 7, wherein the resetting assembly comprises a sliding rod (33), the sliding rod (33) is connected to the fixing ring (32) in a sliding manner, an upper end fixedly connected with limiting plate (34) of the sliding rod (33), a lower end fixedly connected with of the sliding rod (33) is connected to the upper end of the mud blocking sleeve (10), a fourth pressure spring (35) is sleeved on the sliding rod (33), and the fourth pressure spring (35) is located between the fixing ring (32) and the mud blocking sleeve (10).

9. The precision anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for the northwest arid region according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle (9) is cylindrical, at least two groups of spray holes (36) are formed in the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the nozzle (9), the diameter of the radial section of the nozzle (9) is smaller than the diameter of the lower portion of the gun body (1) and the diameter of the upper portion of the gun head (7), an annular groove is formed in the portion, protruding out of the nozzle (9), of the upper end of the gun head (7), the annular groove is matched with the lower end of the mud blocking sleeve (10), and a gap is formed between the inner wall of the mud blocking sleeve (10) and the nozzle (9).

10. The use method of the precise anti-blocking liquid fertilization gun suitable for the dry land areas in the northwest of the China as claimed in claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises the following specific implementation steps:

firstly, a screw rod (24) is screwed according to a scale, the screw rod (24) drives a clamp ring (23) to move to a specified position to limit a piston block (6) so as to quantify the liquid ejection amount;

secondly, a water inlet groove (16) at the lower end of the liquid spraying tank (2) is connected with an external liquid tank through a guide pipe, the pressing handle (3) is pressed down for multiple times, the pressing handle (3) drives the piston block (6) to press down through the pressing rod (12) and the connecting column (11), redundant air in the piston chamber (4) is discharged, and liquid fertilizer is led in through the guide pipe;

inserting a gun head (7) at the bottom of a gun body (1) into a fertilizing point near a crop root system, pressing a handle (3) downwards, driving a piston block (6) to press downwards by the pressing handle (3) through a pressing rod (12) and a connecting column (11), guiding liquid fertilizer in a piston chamber (4) into a liquid outlet channel (8) through a water outlet groove (15), driving a pull rod (27) by the pressing handle (3), driving a sliding rod (33) to pull a mud blocking sleeve (10) to rise through a pull rope (28), and spraying the liquid fertilizer through a nozzle (9) to fertilize crops;

and step four, the pressing handle (3) is loosened, the first pressure spring (14) drives the piston block (6) to reset, the pressing handle (3) resets and puts down the pull rod (27), the fourth pressure spring (35) drives the sliding rod (33) to reset, and the sliding rod (33) drives the mud blocking sleeve (10) to descend.