CN111287795A - Inverted arch dismantling method - Google Patents
Inverted arch dismantling method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111287795A CN111287795A CN202010088742.XA CN202010088742A CN111287795A CN 111287795 A CN111287795 A CN 111287795A CN 202010088742 A CN202010088742 A CN 202010088742A CN 111287795 A CN111287795 A CN 111287795A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- inverted arch
- demolition
- detonators
- secondary lining
- blastholes
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to an inverted arch dismantling method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: arranging a plurality of first blast holes perpendicular to the inverted arch surface, wherein the first blast holes are arranged along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and detonators are arranged in the first blast holes; step two: and detonating the detonators in batches to demolish the inverted arch, wherein the mileage of the inverted arch demolished by each detonation is less than one third of the total mileage of the secondary lining of the demolition area. According to the invention, the invert mileage of each detonation demolition is designed to be less than one third of the total mileage of the secondary lining of the demolition area, so that the structure of the secondary lining can not be damaged during each detonation demolition, the secondary lining does not need to be rebuilt, the demolition cost and the rebuilding cost are reduced, and the construction progress is accelerated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to an inverted arch dismantling method.
Background
The inverted arch is a reverse arch structure arranged at the bottom of the tunnel for improving the stress condition of an upper supporting structure, is one of main components of the tunnel structure, and not only effectively transmits the pressure of the stratum at the upper part of the tunnel to the ground through the side wall structure of the tunnel, but also effectively resists the counter force transmitted from the stratum at the lower part of the tunnel.
However, in special cases, the inverted arch may float and deform, or even break and crack after a period of concrete pouring due to excessive stress on the inverted arch or other reasons, and thus the inverted arch needs to be removed and replaced. However, since the solidified secondary lining and the inverted arch form a whole, when the inverted arch is removed by adopting the traditional method, the structure of the secondary lining is easily damaged, so that the secondary lining and the inverted arch are usually removed together during actual construction, and the inverted arch and the secondary lining with higher strength are rebuilt, so that a great amount of construction cost is increased, and the construction progress is slowed down.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems that the construction cost is increased and the construction progress is slowed down by a construction method for dismantling a secondary lining and an inverted arch together and then rebuilding the inverted arch and the secondary lining with higher strength in the prior art, the inverted arch dismantling method is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an inverted arch demolition method comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: arranging a plurality of first blast holes perpendicular to the inverted arch surface, wherein the first blast holes are arranged along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and detonators are arranged in the first blast holes;
step two: and detonating the detonators in batches to demolish the inverted arch, wherein the mileage of the inverted arch demolished by each detonation is less than one third of the total mileage of the secondary lining of the demolition area.
According to the invention, the invert mileage of each detonation demolition is designed to be less than one third of the total mileage of the secondary lining of the demolition area, so that the structure of the secondary lining can not be damaged during each detonation demolition, the secondary lining does not need to be rebuilt, the demolition cost and the rebuilding cost are reduced, and the construction progress is accelerated.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the depth of the first blast hole is 10 to 20cm greater than the depth of the inverted arch. If the first blast hole is too shallow and the blasting effect is not good, the inverted arch cannot be completely removed, if the structure of the secondary lining can be influenced after the first blast hole is too deep and the depth of the first blast hole is 10-20cm greater than that of the inverted arch, the inverted arch can be well removed, and the structure of the secondary lining cannot be damaged.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the first step further includes providing a plurality of hollow holes perpendicular to the inverted arch surface, and the plurality of hollow holes are arranged along a longitudinal direction of the tunnel to form a hollow hole array. And a vertical hollow hole is formed to form a free space surface, so that blasting demolition of the inverted arch is facilitated.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the hollow holes are arranged on a longitudinal axis of the tunnel, so that the inverted arch can be conveniently removed by blasting.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the first step further includes obliquely arranging a plurality of second blast holes in the vertical plane, the second blast holes are arranged on two sides of the central line of the arrangement of the hollow holes, an included angle α between the axis of the second blast holes and the inverted arch surface is 20-80 degrees, the second blast holes are obliquely arranged on two sides of the central line of the arrangement of the hollow holes, and detonators are arranged in the second blast holes, so that blasting undercutting is facilitated, and the inverted arch is conveniently removed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the second step, each time the demolition is initiated, detonators located in the second blast hole and the first blast hole closest to the secondary lining are initiated, and then the rest of detonators are initiated. The distance between the first blast hole nearest to the secondary lining and the secondary lining is generally 10-30cm, so that the situation that the first blast hole is too close to the secondary lining to cause damage to the secondary lining due to detonation of a detonator is avoided. According to the inverted arch demolition method, the detonator in the first blast hole closest to the secondary lining is blasted, the inverted arch and the secondary lining blasting are separated into two parts, so that only one-time blasting is carried out near the secondary lining, when the rest detonators are detonated, the inverted arch and the secondary lining are separated, only the inverted arch is blasted, and the damage to the structure of the secondary lining caused by the detonation of the rest detonators is avoided.
And detonating the detonator in the second blast hole and the detonator in the first blast hole closest to the secondary lining together each time the demolition is initiated, and then blasting the rest detonators from the second blast hole along the transverse direction of the tunnel. Because the second shot hole is far away from the secondary lining, the detonator in the second shot hole and the detonator in the first shot hole closest to the secondary lining are detonated simultaneously, the structure of the secondary lining can be prevented from being damaged, and the blasting time is saved.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, all of the first blastholes, the second blastholes, and the hollow holes are arranged in a quincunx shape in the inverted arch surface.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises, after the second step:
step three: and dismantling the joint part of the inverted arch and the secondary lining by adopting a mode of combining a small gun and a breaking hammer. The inverted arch is convenient to dismantle completely.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, before the step one, the method further comprises:
and leveling the surface of the inverted arch to be removed. Because the middle of the inverted arch is arched due to floating deformation, the construction is inconvenient, and the surface of the inverted arch is flattened in advance, so that the subsequent construction is facilitated.
As the preferred scheme of the invention, the detonator is a 1-15-section millisecond detonator, so that the successive blasting is conveniently realized.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the inverted arch dismantling method has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the invert mileage of each detonation demolition is designed to be less than one third of the total mileage of the secondary lining of the demolition area, so that the structure of the secondary lining can not be damaged during each detonation demolition, the secondary lining does not need to be rebuilt, the demolition cost and the rebuilding cost are reduced, and the construction progress is accelerated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an inverted arch demolition method according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the arrangement of the blast holes.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the arrangement of the blast holes.
Icon: 1-inverted arch; 11-inverted arch surface; 2-secondary lining; 31-a first borehole; 32-a second borehole; 4-a hollow hole; and 5-detonator.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an inverted arch demolition method includes the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: and flattening the surface of the inverted arch 1 to be dismantled.
Step two: arranging a plurality of first blast holes 31 perpendicular to the inverted arch surface 11, wherein the first blast holes 31 are arranged along the transverse direction of the tunnel and the longitudinal direction of the tunnel to form 12 first blast hole arrays arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the depth of each first blast hole 31 is 10-20cm greater than that of the inverted arch 1, and a detonator 5 is arranged in each first blast hole 31;
a plurality of hollow holes 4 are arranged perpendicular to the inverted arch surface 11, the hollow holes 4 are arranged longitudinally along the tunnel to form a hollow hole array, and the hollow hole array is arranged on the longitudinal axis of the tunnel;
a plurality of second blast holes 32 are obliquely arranged in a vertical plane, the second blast holes 32 are arranged on two sides of a central line of the hollow hole array to form two second blast hole arrays which are longitudinally arranged along the tunnel, an included angle α between the axis of each second blast hole 32 and the inverted arch surface 11 is 60 degrees, and a detonator 5 is arranged in each second blast hole 32;
as shown in fig. 3, all the first gun holes 31, the second gun holes 32 and the hollow holes 4 are arranged in a quincunx shape in the inverted arch surface 11, including 1 arrangement of the hollow holes, 2 arrangements of the second gun holes and 12 arrangements of the first gun holes, and the first gun holes and the second gun holes are symmetrically arranged about a center line of the arrangement of the hollow holes.
In the present embodiment, the depth of the first borehole 31 and the second borehole 32 is 1.0-1.4 m; the detonator 5 is a 1-15-segment millisecond detonator, and the explosive loading of the detonator 5 is 100-200 g.
Step three: each time detonation is removed, the detonator 5 located in the second borehole 32 and in the first borehole 31 closest to the secondary lining 2 is detonated, the inverted arch 1 and the secondary lining 2 are separated into two parts, and the remaining detonator 5 is blasted from the second borehole 32 in the transverse direction of the tunnel.
Specifically, the detonators 5 in the first holes 31 located in the second holes 32 and closest to the secondary lining 2 are blasted after the ignition of the lead wire for 1ms, and then the detonators 5 in the first holes 31 in the first hole arrangement are blasted sequentially from each second hole arrangement in the tunnel transverse direction toward the joint of the inverted arch 1 and the secondary lining 2, respectively, for 3ms, 5ms, 7ms, 11ms, and 15ms after the ignition of the lead wire.
And the mileage of the inverted arch 1 removed by detonation each time is less than one third of the total mileage of the secondary lining 2 in the removal area, specifically, in the embodiment, the mileage of the inverted arch 1 removed by detonation each time is less than 4 m.
Step four: and dismantling the joint part of the inverted arch 1 and the secondary lining 2 by adopting a mode of combining a small gun and a breaking hammer.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An inverted arch demolition method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: arranging a plurality of first blast holes (31) perpendicular to the inverted arch surface (11), wherein the first blast holes (31) are arranged along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and detonators (5) are arranged in the first blast holes (31);
step two: and detonating the detonators (5) in batches to demolish the inverted arch (1), wherein the mileage of the inverted arch (1) demolished by each detonation is less than one third of the total mileage of the secondary lining (2) of the demolition area.
2. An inverted arch demolition method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first blasthole (31) depth is 10-20cm greater than the inverted arch (1) depth.
3. An inverted arch demolition method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step one, further comprises providing a plurality of hollow holes (4) perpendicular to the inverted arch surface (11), the plurality of hollow holes (4) being arranged in a tunnel longitudinal direction to form a hollow hole array.
4. An inverted arch demolition method according to claim 3, characterized in that said hollow holes are arranged on the tunnel longitudinal axis.
5. An inverted arch demolition method according to claim 4, characterized in that the first step further comprises obliquely arranging a plurality of second blastholes (32) in a vertical plane, the second blastholes (32) being arranged on both sides of a center line of the hollow hole arrangement, an axis of the second blastholes (32) having an angle α of 20 ° to 80 ° with the inverted arch face (11), arranging detonators (5) in the second blastholes (32).
6. An inverted arch demolition method according to claim 5, characterized in that in step two, each time demolition is initiated, detonators (5) located in the second blastholes (32) and in the first blastholes (31) closest to the secondary lining (2) are initiated first, and then the rest of the detonators (5) are initiated.
7. An inverted arch demolition method according to claim 6, characterized in that all the first blastholes (31), the second blastholes (32) and the hollow holes (4) are arranged quincunx inside the inverted arch face (11).
8. The invert removal method as defined in any of claims 1 to 7, further comprising, after step two:
step three: and (3) dismantling the joint part of the inverted arch (1) and the secondary lining (2) by adopting a mode of combining a small gun and a breaking hammer.
9. The inverted arch demolition method according to claim 8, further comprising, before the step one:
and flattening the surface of the inverted arch (1) to be dismantled.
10. An invert dismantling method as claimed in claim 9 and characterised in that the detonators (5) are 1-15 millisecond detonators.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010088742.XA CN111287795B (en) | 2020-02-12 | 2020-02-12 | Inverted arch dismantling method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010088742.XA CN111287795B (en) | 2020-02-12 | 2020-02-12 | Inverted arch dismantling method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111287795A true CN111287795A (en) | 2020-06-16 |
| CN111287795B CN111287795B (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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| CN202010088742.XA Active CN111287795B (en) | 2020-02-12 | 2020-02-12 | Inverted arch dismantling method |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105781571A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-20 | 中交第二公路工程局有限公司 | Construction method for soft rock deformation tunnel lining support dismantling-replacing arch |
| EP3521556A1 (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-07 | ICW Ingenieur Consult Würzburg Peter Hofstetter | Multi-function frame used in tunnel construction |
| CN110593909A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-20 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Tunnel secondary lining dismounting and replacing construction method |
| CN110656959A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-07 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Large-section loess tunnel primary support limit-invasion arch-changing construction method |
-
2020
- 2020-02-12 CN CN202010088742.XA patent/CN111287795B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105781571A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-20 | 中交第二公路工程局有限公司 | Construction method for soft rock deformation tunnel lining support dismantling-replacing arch |
| EP3521556A1 (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-07 | ICW Ingenieur Consult Würzburg Peter Hofstetter | Multi-function frame used in tunnel construction |
| CN110593909A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-20 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Tunnel secondary lining dismounting and replacing construction method |
| CN110656959A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-07 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Large-section loess tunnel primary support limit-invasion arch-changing construction method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 周森: "高速公路隧道仰拱底鼓破坏机理分析及处治措施", 《交通科技》 * |
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| CN111287795B (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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