CN111286550A - 一种用于扩增副干酪乳杆菌的特异性引物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种用于扩增副干酪乳杆菌的特异性引物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于生物技术领域,公开了一种用于扩增副干酪乳杆菌的特异性引物及其应用。本发明主要目的是针对副干酪乳杆菌与鼠李糖乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌亲缘性较高,普通引物特异性较差,容易产生假阳性的现状,本发明提供一种用于扩增副干酪乳杆菌的特异性引物,用于检测鉴定副干酪乳杆菌的特异引物对;提供利用这对引物对待测菌株进行特异性PCR扩增鉴定副干酪乳杆菌的方法;该检测副干酪乳杆菌的方法检测速度快、灵敏度高、特异性强。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,本发明涉及一种用于扩增副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)的特异性引物及其应用。
背景技术
乳酸菌是发酵糖类主要产物为乳酸的一类无芽孢、革兰染色阳性细菌的总称。乳酸菌是一种存在于人类体内的益生菌,它能够调节机体胃肠道正常菌群、保持微生态平衡,提高食物消化率和生物价,降低血清胆固醇,控制内毒素,抑制肠道内腐败菌生长繁殖和腐败产物的产生,制造营养物质,刺激组织发育,从而对机体的营养状态、生理功能、细胞感染、药物效应、毒性反应、免疫反应、肿瘤发生、衰老过程和突然的应急反应等产生作用。而在体外研究中发现,依靠细胞的应急和pH环境条件,乳酸菌可以吸收基因毒性和致癌原。
副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)是一种兼性厌氧、不运动、无芽孢的杆菌或长杆菌,单个或成对出现,也有部分菌株排列成短链;属革兰氏阳性,过氧化氢酶阴性。副干酪乳杆菌对很多细菌有拮抗作用,有的菌株还可抑制酵母及霉菌的生长。同时副干酪乳杆菌具有良好的生理作用,副干酪乳杆菌可增强宿主对微生物病原体的非特异性抵抗力,加快肠道内病原体的清除;能够治疗肠道菌群紊乱和肠道通透性增强,从而防止食物过敏和急性腹泻;使抗低密度氧化脂抗体和cD4T-淋巴细胞增加,粒细胞的噬菌作用明显增强,对宿主进行免疫调节,防止肿瘤的产生。乳杆菌群中的干酪乳杆菌群数量较多,其中副干酪乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌及干酪乳杆菌三种菌亲缘结构相近,很难利用传统的方法进行区分。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明主要目的是针对副干酪乳杆菌与其他乳酸菌亲缘性较高,普通引物特异性较差,容易产生假阳性的现状,本发明提供一种用于扩增副干酪乳杆菌的特异性引物,用于检测鉴定副干酪乳杆菌的特异引物对;提供利用这对引物对待测菌株进行特异性PCR扩增鉴定副干酪乳杆菌的方法;该检测副干酪乳杆菌的方法检测速度快、灵敏度高、特异性强。
本发明的上述目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种用于扩增副干酪乳杆菌的特异性引物;是一种用于检测副干酪乳杆菌的特异引物对;
本发明利用已公布的副干酪乳杆菌tuf基因核酸序列为目标模板序列,利用DNAMAN进行比对筛选出保守序列,再利用IDT(引物设计软件)设计一对副干酪乳杆菌种特异性引物,设计出的引物对在Genbank数据库中检测引物特异性,合成引物。
用于检测解副干酪乳杆菌的引物对序列如下所示:
正向引物(ZF):5’-CCTGGTGATGATATTCCTGTTATCC-3’;
反向引物(ZR):5’-TGTCTGTTTCACGAACAGGTG-3’。
利用这对引物对待测菌株进行特异PCR扩增鉴定副干酪乳杆菌的方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)固体样品总DNA的提取(预处理+试剂盒):将需要检测的0.3-0.4g固体样品置于30mL离心管中,加入0.1mol/L PBS缓冲液振荡洗涤,200×g/4min离心,收集上清于新的离心管中(对装有样品的离心管重复洗涤操作三次,200×g/4min离心,收集上清于新管中),弃上清保留菌体沉淀,并将三管合并于一管;向含有菌体沉淀的离心管中加入1mL 65℃预热的Buffer SCL裂解液,并加入1mL 10mg/mL的溶菌酶65℃水浴10min;水浴完成后于12000rpm/3min室温离心,吸取300-350μL上清液至一个干净的1.5mL离心管中(吸取的上清一般呈黄色或深棕色);加入等体积的Buffer SP,上下颠倒混匀10次,冰浴10min(加入Buffer SP混匀后溶液呈白色浑浊状);12000rpm/3min离心,吸上清至干净的1.5mL离心管中;向离心管中加入200μL氯仿,充分混匀,12000rpm/5min离心,取上层水相至一个干净的离心管中;加入1.5倍体积的Buffer SB,充分混匀后用移液器将其全部加入至吸附柱中,12000/rpm 30s,倒掉收集管中的废液;将吸附柱放回收集管中,加入700μL WashSolution,12000rpm/30s,倒掉收集管中的废液;将吸附柱放回收集管中,加入300μL WashSolution,12000rpm/1min,倒掉收集管中的废液。将吸附柱放回收集管中,12000rpm/2min;取出吸附柱,放入一个新的1.5mL的离心管中,在吸附膜中央加入50-100μL TE Buffer,静置3min,12000rpm/2min离心,得到的DNA溶液采用核酸微量测定仪检测浓度及纯度,将DNA模板溶液于﹣20℃保存,于样品检测备用;
液体样品总DNA的提取(预处理+试剂盒):将需要检测的液体1mL样品置于2mL离心管中,200×g/4min离心,弃上清保留菌体沉淀,并将三管合并于一管;向含有菌体沉淀的离心管中加入1mL 65℃预热的Buffer SCL裂解液,并加入1mL 10mg/mL的溶菌酶65℃水浴10min;水浴完成后于12000rpm/3min室温离心,吸取300-350μL上清液至一个干净的1.5mL离心管中(吸取的上清一般呈黄色或深棕色);加入等体积的Buffer SP,上下颠倒混匀10次,冰浴10min(加入Buffer SP混匀后溶液呈白色浑浊状);12000rpm/3min离心,吸上清至干净的1.5mL离心管中;向离心管中加入200μL氯仿,充分混匀,12000rpm/5min离心,取上层水相至一个干净的离心管中;加入1.5倍体积的Buffer SB,充分混匀后用移液器将其全部加入至吸附柱中,12000/rpm 30s,倒掉收集管中的废液;将吸附柱放回收集管中,加入700μL Wash Solution,12000rpm/30s,倒掉收集管中的废液;将吸附柱放回收集管中,加入300μL Wash Solution,12000rpm/1min,倒掉收集管中的废液。将吸附柱放回收集管中,12000rpm/2min;取出吸附柱,放入一个新的1.5mL的离心管中,在吸附膜中央加入50-100μLTE Buffer,静置3min,12000rpm/2min离心,得到的DNA溶液采用核酸微量测定仪检测浓度及纯度,并于﹣20℃保存,于样品检测备用;
采用试剂盒为Ezup柱式土壤DNA抽提试剂盒,型号:B518263-0050。
(2)PCR扩增:
PCR扩增反应体系为:10×Buffer 5μL,dNTP 4μL,正向引物1μL,反向引物1μL,DNA模板1μL,rTaq酶0.5μL,ddH2O补足50μL。
PCR扩增反应程序为:预变性95℃5min;变性94℃30S,58℃40s,72℃1min,35个循环;72℃7min;4℃保温。
(3)琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测:PCR扩增产物采用2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测。将步骤(2)扩增出的产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,凝胶电泳产物在紫外凝胶成像仪下进行观察,通过是否在136bp处出现条带来判断结果。采用引物gyr ZF/gyr ZR进行PCR,若有136bp核酸片段,则说明待测样品中存在副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)。若在136bp处无核酸片段,则说明待测样品中不存在副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)。
本发明与现有技术相比的有益效果是:本发明弥补了现有乳酸菌通用引物不能准确地扩增出副干酪乳杆菌的缺陷。为研究乳酸菌发酵产品、肠道中乳酸菌与副干酪乳杆菌的关系奠定了基础。
本发明利用DNAMAN对副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)、嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus)、敏捷乳杆菌(Lactobacillus agilis)、布氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus buchneri)、弯曲乳杆菌(Lactobacillus curvatus)、瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus)、类布氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus parabuchneri)、植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)、唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius)的tuf基因序列进行比对,筛选出副干酪乳杆菌的保守序列。并以此为目标模板序列设计出一对副干酪乳杆菌的种间特异性引物。该方法适用于副干酪乳杆菌的检测和鉴定。
本发明提供的用于副干酪乳杆菌扩增的扩增引物是基于tuf基因序列设计的,具有较好的特异性和实用性,能较好地反映富集乳酸菌的样品中是否含有副干酪乳杆菌。此副干酪乳杆菌特异性引物同时适用于肠道、土壤和乳酸菌发酵产品等样品中副干酪乳杆菌的分析。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中采用副干酪乳杆菌特异性引物ZF/ZR对不同菌株进行PCR的琼脂糖凝胶电泳结果图。具体为:
泳道1:标准分子量DL 2000Marker,
泳道2:解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens),
泳道3:地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis),
泳道4:蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus),
泳道5:纳豆芽孢杆菌(Bacillus natto),
泳道6:副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei),
泳道7:植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum),
泳道8:金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus),
泳道9:藤黄微球菌(Micrococcus luteus),
泳道10:阴性对照(ddH2O),
泳道11:标准分子量DL 2000Marker。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例详述本发明,但不限制本发明的保护范围。如无特殊说明,本发明所采用的实验方法均为常规方法,所用实验器材、材料、试剂等均可从商业途径获得。
实施例1
引物的设计、合成:采用NCBI中Genbank数据库的几株副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)、嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus)、敏捷乳杆菌(Lactobacillus agilis)、布氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus buchneri)、弯曲乳杆菌(Lactobacillus curvatus)、瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus)、类布氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus parabuchneri)、植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)、唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius)的tuf基因序列为靶序列,通过DNAMAN进行序列比对,筛选出副干酪乳杆菌的保守区,利用IDT(引物设计软件)设计出一对副干酪乳杆菌的种特异引物,设计出的引物对在Genbank数据库验证其特异性。
引物序列如表1所示。所述的特异性引物由生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司合成。用水煮法提取副干酪乳杆菌DNA,再以此DNA为模板与这对引物进行PCR扩增反应。扩增产物采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测。
表1引物序列信息表
使用煮沸法提取DNA:a.取1ml副干酪乳杆菌菌液于1.5ml离心管中,5000r/min离心6min,弃上清。加1ml TE缓冲液洗涤菌体,离心弃上清。
b.加入1ml TE缓冲液重悬菌体,涡旋使菌体充分混匀。
c.将重悬菌体后的离心管放入95℃水浴锅中水浴10min。
d.离心,取上清。得到的DNA模板溶液置于-20℃保存或直接用于后续试验。
PCR扩增体系为:10×Buffer 5μL,dNTPS 4μL,正向引物1μL,反向引物1μL,DNA模板1μL,rTaq酶0.5μL,ddH2O补足50μL。
PCR扩增反应程序为:预变性95℃,5min;变形94℃30s,58℃40s,72℃1min,35个循环;72℃7min;4℃保温。
特异性检测:分别以纯培养的解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)、地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)、蜡样芽孢杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)、纳豆芽孢杆菌(Bacillus natto)、副干酪乳杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)、植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、藤黄微球菌(Micrococcus luteus)DNA为模板进行PCR反应,PCR扩增产物采用2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测。检测结果如图1所示。
用水煮法分别提取副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei),植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum),解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens),地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis),蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus),纳豆芽孢杆菌(Bacillus natto),金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus),藤黄微球菌(Micrococcusluteus)的DNA,再用这对引物对提取出的DNA模板进行PCR扩增,再经琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测,观察是否有条带出现。将电泳片段与PMD-18T载体进行T-A克隆后转入DH5α感受态细胞中,经测序、同源性比对后判断是否为副干酪乳杆菌tuf基因序列,若只有副干酪乳杆菌所在泳道出现条带,则说明这对引物具有种特异性的引物。
结果显示,副干酪乳杆菌(泳道6)在136bp处出现条带,与预期片段大小相符,其他菌种在136bp处无扩增条带。将泳道6的片段与PMD-18T载体(购买于宝生物工程有限公司(大连))进行T-A克隆后转入DH5α感受态细胞中(购买于生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司),经测序,该序列长度大约为300bp,将该序列进行同源性比对、分析,为副干酪乳杆菌tuf基因的特异序列。
实施例2
用于检测解副干酪乳杆菌的引物对序列如下所示:
正向引物(ZF):5’-CCTGGTGATGATATTCCTGTTATCC-3’;
反向引物(ZR):5’-TGTCTGTTTCACGAACAGGTG-3’。
利用这对引物对待测菌株进行特异PCR扩增鉴定副干酪乳杆菌的方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)固体样品总DNA的提取(预处理+试剂盒):将需要检测的0.3g固体样品置于30mL离心管中,加入0.1mol/L PBS缓冲液振荡洗涤,200×g/4min离心,收集上清于新的离心管中(对装有样品的离心管重复洗涤操作三次,200×g/4min离心,收集上清于新管中),弃上清保留菌体沉淀,并将三管合并于一管;向含有菌体沉淀的离心管中加入1mL 65℃预热的Buffer SCL裂解液,并加入1mL 10mg/mL的溶菌酶65℃水浴10min;水浴完成后于12000rpm/3min室温离心,吸取350μL上清液至一个干净的1.5mL离心管中(吸取的上清一般呈黄色或深棕色);加入等体积的Buffer SP,上下颠倒混匀10次,冰浴10min(加入BufferSP混匀后溶液呈白色浑浊状);12000rpm/3min离心,吸上清至干净的1.5mL离心管中;向离心管中加入200μL氯仿,充分混匀,12000rpm/5min离心,取上层水相至一个干净的离心管中;加入1.5倍体积的Buffer SB,充分混匀后用移液器将其全部加入至吸附柱中,12000/rpm 30s,倒掉收集管中的废液;将吸附柱放回收集管中,加入700μL Wash Solution,12000rpm/30s,倒掉收集管中的废液;将吸附柱放回收集管中,加入300μL Wash Solution,12000rpm/1min,倒掉收集管中的废液。将吸附柱放回收集管中,12000rpm/2min;取出吸附柱,放入一个新的1.5mL的离心管中,在吸附膜中央加入100μL TE Buffer,静置3min,12000rpm/2min离心,得到的DNA溶液采用核酸微量测定仪检测浓度及纯度,将DNA模板溶液于﹣20℃保存,于样品检测备用;
液体样品总DNA的提取(预处理+试剂盒):将需要检测的液体1mL样品置于2mL离心管中,200×g/4min离心,弃上清保留菌体沉淀,并将三管合并于一管;向含有菌体沉淀的离心管中加入1mL 65℃预热的Buffer SCL裂解液,并加入1mL 10mg/mL的溶菌酶65℃水浴10min;水浴完成后于12000rpm/3min室温离心,吸取350μL上清液至一个干净的1.5mL离心管中(吸取的上清一般呈黄色或深棕色);加入等体积的Buffer SP,上下颠倒混匀10次,冰浴10min(加入Buffer SP混匀后溶液呈白色浑浊状);12000rpm/3min离心,吸上清至干净的1.5mL离心管中;向离心管中加入200μL氯仿,充分混匀,12000rpm/5min离心,取上层水相至一个干净的离心管中;加入1.5倍体积的Buffer SB,充分混匀后用移液器将其全部加入至吸附柱中,12000/rpm 30s,倒掉收集管中的废液;将吸附柱放回收集管中,加入700μL WashSolution,12000rpm/30s,倒掉收集管中的废液;将吸附柱放回收集管中,加入300μL WashSolution,12000rpm/1min,倒掉收集管中的废液。将吸附柱放回收集管中,12000rpm/2min;取出吸附柱,放入一个新的1.5mL的离心管中,在吸附膜中央加入50μL TE Buffer,静置3min,12000rpm/2min离心,得到的DNA溶液采用核酸微量测定仪检测浓度及纯度,并于﹣20℃保存,于样品检测备用;
采用试剂盒为Ezup柱式土壤DNA抽提试剂盒,型号:B518263-0050。
(2)PCR扩增:
PCR扩增反应体系为:10×Buffer 5μL,dNTP 4μL,正向引物1μL,反向引物1μL,DNA模板1μL,rTaq酶0.5μL,ddH2O补足50μL。
PCR扩增反应程序为:预变性95℃5min;变性94℃30S,58℃40s,72℃1min,35个循环;72℃7min;4℃保温。
(3)琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测:PCR扩增产物采用2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测。将步骤(2)扩增出的产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,凝胶电泳产物在紫外凝胶成像仪下进行观察,采用引物gyr ZF/gyr ZR进行PCR,有136bp核酸片段,待测样品中存在副干酪乳杆菌。
以上所述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施例,而并非本发明可行实施的全部实施例。对于本领域一般技术人员而言,在不背离本发明原理和精神的前提下对其所作出的任何显而易见的改动,都应当被认为包含在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种用于扩增副干酪乳杆菌的特异性引物,其特征是,是一种用于检测副干酪乳杆菌的特异引物对;
用于检测解副干酪乳杆菌的引物对序列如下所示:
正向引物(ZF):5’-CCTGGTGATGATATTCCTGTTATCC-3’;
反向引物(ZR):5’-TGTCTGTTTCACGAACAGGTG-3’。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种用于扩增副干酪乳杆菌的特异性引物鉴定副干酪乳杆菌的方法,其特征是,
具体步骤如下:
(1)固体样品总DNA的提取:将需检测的0.3-0.4g固体样品置于30mL离心管中,加入0.1mol/L PBS缓冲液振荡洗涤,对装有样品的离心管重复洗涤操作三次,200×g/4min离心,收集上清于新管中,弃上清保留菌体沉淀,并将三管合并于一管;向含有菌体沉淀的离心管中加入1mL65℃预热的Buffer SCL裂解液,并加入1mL10mg/mL的溶菌酶65℃水浴10min;水浴完成后于12000rpm/3min室温离心,吸取300-350μL上清液至一个干净的1.5mL离心管中;加入等体积的Buffer SP,上下颠倒混匀10次,冰浴10min,加入Buffer SP混匀后溶液呈白色浑浊状;12000rpm/3min离心,吸上清至干净的1.5mL离心管中;向离心管中加入200μL氯仿,充分混匀,12000rpm/5min离心,取上层水相至一个干净的离心管中;加入1.5倍体积的Buffer SB,充分混匀后用移液器将其全部加入至吸附柱中,12000/rpm30s,倒掉收集管中的废液;将吸附柱放回收集管中,加入700μL Wash Solution,12000rpm/30s,倒掉收集管中的废液;将吸附柱放回收集管中,加入300μL Wash Solution,12000rpm/1min,倒掉收集管中的废液;将吸附柱放回收集管中,12000rpm/2min;取出吸附柱,放入一个新的1.5mL的离心管中,在吸附膜中央加入50-100μL TE Buffer,静置3min,12000rpm/2min离心,得到的DNA溶液采用核酸微量测定仪检测浓度及纯度,将DNA模板溶液于﹣20℃保存,于样品检测备用;
液体样品总DNA的提取:将需要检测的液体1mL样品置于2mL离心管中,200×g/4min离心,弃上清保留菌体沉淀,并将三管合并于一管;向含有菌体沉淀的离心管中加入1mL 65℃预热的Buffer SCL裂解液,并加入1mL 10mg/mL的溶菌酶65℃水浴10min;水浴完成后于12000rpm/3min室温离心,吸取300-350μL上清液至一个干净的1.5mL离心管中;加入等体积的Buffer SP,上下颠倒混匀10次,冰浴10min,加入Buffer SP混匀后溶液呈白色浑浊状;12000rpm/3min离心,吸上清至干净的1.5mL离心管中;向离心管中加入200μL氯仿,充分混匀,12000rpm/5min离心,取上层水相至一个干净的离心管中;加入1.5倍体积的Buffer SB,充分混匀后用移液器将其全部加入至吸附柱中,12000/rpm30s,倒掉收集管中的废液;将吸附柱放回收集管中,加入700μL Wash Solution,12000rpm/30s,倒掉收集管中的废液;将吸附柱放回收集管中,加入300μL Wash Solution,12000rpm/1min,倒掉收集管中的废液;将吸附柱放回收集管中,12000rpm/2min;取出吸附柱,放入一个新的1.5mL的离心管中,在吸附膜中央加入50-100μL TE Buffer,静置3min,12000rpm/2min离心,得到的DNA溶液采用核酸微量测定仪检测浓度及纯度,并于﹣20℃保存,于样品检测备用;
采用试剂盒为Ezup柱式土壤DNA抽提试剂盒,型号:B518263-0050;
(2)PCR扩增:
PCR扩增体系为:10×Buffer 5μL,dNTP 4μL,正向引物1μL,反向引物1μL,DNA模板1μL,rTaq酶0.5μL,ddH2O 37.5μL,总体积为50μL;
PCR扩增反应程序为:预变性95℃ 5min;变性94℃ 30s,58℃ 40s,72℃ 1min,35个循环;72℃ 7min;4℃保温;
(3)琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测:PCR扩增产物采用2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测,将步骤(2)扩增出的产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,凝胶电泳产物在紫外凝胶成像仪下进行观察,通过是否在136bp处出现条带来判断结果,采用引物gyr F/gyr R进行PCR,若有136bp核酸片段,则说明待测样品中存在副干酪乳杆菌Lactobacillus paracasei,若在136bp处无核酸片段,则说明待测样品中不存在副干酪乳杆菌Lactobacillus paracasei。
3.如权利要求1所述的特异性引物在鉴定副干酪乳杆菌上的应用。
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CN116121422A (zh) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-05-16 | 山东大树欧亚天然调味品有限公司 | 鉴别副干酪乳杆菌的引物探针、试剂盒及方法 |
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