CN111285702A - 陶瓷纤维过滤膜材料及制备方法 - Google Patents

陶瓷纤维过滤膜材料及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111285702A
CN111285702A CN202010104133.9A CN202010104133A CN111285702A CN 111285702 A CN111285702 A CN 111285702A CN 202010104133 A CN202010104133 A CN 202010104133A CN 111285702 A CN111285702 A CN 111285702A
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唐钰栋
薛友祥
王重海
程之强
赵世凯
王响
张久美
焦光磊
李�杰
徐传伟
李小勇
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Shandong Industrial Ceramics Research and Design Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种陶瓷纤维过滤膜材料及制备方法,陶瓷纤维膜材料制备方法,包括以下步骤:a)选择N种不同长径比范围为100~200:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,M种不同长径比范围为50~20:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,N、M≥1;b)按重量份计,选取1~2份步骤a)所述莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维与5~58份无机结合剂及50~90份水混合,搅拌20~40min得纤维浆料A;c)按重量份计,向纤维浆料添加0.5~3.5份有机结合剂、0.05~0.1份聚丙烯酰胺、3~5份骨料,搅拌100~140min得纤维浆料B;d)将所述纤维浆料B依次采用真空抽滤成型、经热风20~28h烘干后,600~1200℃热处理制得陶瓷纤维膜材料,产品的抗压的强度明显提高,抗含尘气体的风蚀能力强,使用寿命长。

Description

陶瓷纤维过滤膜材料及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及本发明涉及高温气体净化领域,尤其涉及一种陶瓷纤维过滤膜材料及制备方法。
背景技术
陶瓷纤维复合膜材料具有过滤阻力小、热稳定性优、制造成本相对较低等优点,可广泛应用在各种工业锅炉排放的高温烟尘净化、煤化工领域高温煤气净化、冶炼、电石炉、垃圾焚烧炉等产生高温气体(烟尘)净化等领域,具有较大的应用市场。
目前纤维膜材料主要是由莫来石纤维,硅酸铝纤维等无机纤维抽滤成型制备,孔隙率高,过滤阻力小,导致纤维膜材料强度差,在使用过程中,固体颗粒沉积在外表面,形成滤饼层后,管内外压差导致孔道减小,过滤阻力大幅增加,降低了工作效率,增加能耗和成本,并且抗剥落及耐冲刷性能差。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种陶瓷纤维过滤膜材料及制备方法,产品的抗压的强度明显提高,抗含尘气体的风蚀能力强,使用寿命长,产品的气孔率为78~85%,抗压强度为4~8MPa,透气阻力小于100Pa。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种陶瓷纤维膜材料制备方法,包括以下步骤:
a)选择N种不同长径比范围为100~200:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,M种不同长径比范围为50~20:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,N、M≥1;
b)按重量份计,选取1~2份步骤a)所述莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维与5~58份无机结合剂及50~90份水混合,搅拌20~40min得纤维浆料A;
c)按重量份计,向纤维浆料添加0.5~3.5份有机结合剂、0.05~0.1份聚丙烯酰胺、3~5份骨料,搅拌100~140min得纤维浆料B;
d)将所述纤维浆料B依次采用真空抽滤成型、经热风20~28h烘干后,600~1200℃热处理制得陶瓷纤维膜材料。
进一步的,所述无机结合剂为硼酸、硅溶胶、铝溶胶、低熔点硼玻璃粉的一种或多种。
添加硅溶胶、铝溶胶、硼酸、低熔点硼玻璃粉可有效降低烧成温度,降低能耗、减少排放,得到的陶瓷纤维膜材料产品的强度较优。
进一步的,所述有机结合剂为阳离子淀粉(α-淀粉)或活羧甲基纤维素。
用阳离子淀粉使得硅溶胶、硼酸凝结化,防止硅溶胶和硼酸在烘干过程中逃逸,造成组织结构不均匀,羧甲基纤维素能够调整纤维浆料的黏度,黏度的控制有利于纤维的分散和浆料的稳定。
进一步的,所述骨料为堇青石骨料或莫来石骨料。
添加堇青石骨料和/或莫来石骨料,一是可增加结点,即骨料和纤维之间可作为桥梁,连接多个纤维;二是减小孔道,增加纤维膜材料的刚性,纤维膜材料刚性提高可有效减小在过滤过程中孔道变小,透气阻力增大等现象,保证运行过程中,气体快速通过孔道,对纤维结点破坏较小,提高纤维膜材料的抗冲涮性能。
进一步的,所述硅溶胶为酸性,固含量为30%。
进一步的,所述铝溶胶为酸性、固含量为25%
进一步的,所述低熔点硼玻璃粉的粒度为100~200目。
进一步的,步骤a)中,所述长径比范围为100~200:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维占65~85%。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供一种陶瓷纤维膜材料,由上述任意一项所述的陶瓷纤维膜材料制备方法制备而成。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:制备方法简单易行,性能优异,相比于其它产品,产品的抗压强度显著提高,抗含尘气体的风蚀能力强,使用寿命长,产品的气孔率为78~85%,抗压强度为4~8MPa,透气阻力小于100Pa。
附图说明
图1为陶瓷纤维膜材料结构示意图一。
图2为陶瓷纤维膜材料结构示意图二。
图3为实施例1陶瓷纤维膜材料结构的显微照片。
图4为实施例2陶瓷纤维膜材料结构的显微照片。
图5为实施例3陶瓷纤维膜材料结构的显微照片。
具体实施方式
为了更好的了解本发明的技术方案,下面结合说明书附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1:
一种陶瓷纤维膜材料,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
a)选择N种不同长径比范围为100~200:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,M种不同长径比范围为50~20:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,N=1、M=1,所述长径比范围为100~200:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维占65~85%;
b)按重量份计,选取1~2份步骤a)所述莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,然后称取硼酸5~8份、酸性硅溶胶10~15份、粒度为100~200目的低熔点硼玻璃粉10~20份,加入水50~90份,搅拌30min后得纤维浆料A;
c)按重量份计,向纤维浆料添加α-淀粉1~2份、羧甲基纤维素0.5~1.5份、0.05~0.1份聚丙烯酰胺、3~5份骨料,骨料为堇青石骨料和/或莫来石骨料,搅拌120min得纤维浆料B;
d)将所述纤维浆料B依次采用真空抽滤成型、经热风24h烘干后,900℃热处理,保温3~5h制得陶瓷纤维膜材料。产品的抗压强度6MPa,透气阻力90Pa、气孔率83%。
实施例2:
一种陶瓷纤维膜材料,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
a)选择N种不同长径比范围为100~200:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,M种不同长径比范围为50~20:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,N=3、M=4,所述长径比范围为100~200:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维占80%。
b)按重量份计,选取1~2份步骤a)所述莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,然后称取硼酸5份、酸性硅溶胶10份(固含量为30%),加入水60份,搅拌30min后得纤维浆料A;
c)按重量份计,向纤维浆料添加α-淀粉2份、羧甲基纤维素0.8份、0.05份聚丙烯酰胺、3份骨料,骨料为堇青石骨料和/或莫来石骨料,搅拌120min得纤维浆料B;
d)将所述纤维浆料B依次采用真空抽滤成型、经热风24h烘干后,850℃热处理,保温5h制得陶瓷纤维膜材料,产品的抗压强度5MPa,透气阻力50Pa、气孔率85%。
实施例3:
一种陶瓷纤维膜材料,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
a)选择N种不同长径比范围为100~200:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,M种不同长径比范围为50~20:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,N=2、M=5,所述长径比范围为100~200:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维占70%。
b)按重量份计,选取1~2份步骤a)所述莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,然后称取硼酸5份、酸性铝溶胶10份(固含量为25%),加入水90份,搅拌30min后得纤维浆料A;
c)按重量份计,向纤维浆料添加α-淀粉2份、羧甲基纤维素0.5份、0.05份聚丙烯酰胺、3份骨料,骨料为堇青石骨料,搅拌120min得纤维浆料B;
d)将所述纤维浆料B依次采用真空抽滤成型、经热风24h烘干后,850℃热处理,保温3h制得陶瓷纤维膜材料,产品的抗压强度4Mpa,透气阻力80Pa、气孔率80%。
以上描述仅为本申请的较佳实施例以及对所运用技术原理的说明。本领域技术人员应当理解,本申请中所涉及的发明范围,并不限于上述技术特征的特定组合而成的技术方案,同时也应涵盖在不脱离所述发明构思的情况下,由上述技术特征或其等同特征进行任意组合而形成的其它技术方案。例如上述特征与本申请中公开的(但不限于)具有类似功能的技术特征进行互相替换而形成的技术方案。

Claims (9)

1.一种陶瓷纤维膜材料制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
a)选择N种不同长径比范围为100~200:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,M种不同长径比范围为50~20:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维,N、M≥1;
b)按重量份计,选取1~2份步骤a)所述莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维与5~58份无机结合剂及50~90份水混合,搅拌20~40min得纤维浆料A;
c)按重量份计,向纤维浆料添加0.5~3.5份有机结合剂、0.05~0.1份聚丙烯酰胺、3~5份骨料,搅拌100~140min得纤维浆料B;
d)将所述纤维浆料B依次采用真空抽滤成型、经热风20~28h烘干后,600~1200℃热处理制得陶瓷纤维膜材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷纤维膜材料制备方法,其特征在于,所述无机结合剂为硼酸、硅溶胶、铝溶胶、低熔点硼玻璃粉的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷纤维膜材料制备方法,其特征在于,所述有机结合剂为阳离子淀粉和/或活羧甲基纤维素。
4.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷纤维膜材料制备方法,其特征在于,所述骨料为堇青石骨料和/或莫来石骨料。
5.根据权利要求2所述的陶瓷纤维膜材料制备方法,其特征在于,所述硅溶胶为酸性,固含量为30%。
6.根据权利要求2所述的陶瓷纤维膜材料制备方法,其特征在于,所述铝溶胶为酸性、固含量为25%。
7.根据权利要求2所述的陶瓷纤维膜材料制备方法,其特征在于,所述低熔点硼玻璃粉的粒度为100~200目。
8.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷纤维膜材料制备方法,其特征在于,步骤a)中,所述长径比范围为100~200:1的莫来石纤维和/或硅酸铝纤维占65~85%。
9.一种陶瓷纤维膜材料,其特征在于,由权利要求1-8任意一项所述的陶瓷纤维膜材料制备方法制备而成。
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