CN111269829A - 基于器官芯片的二甲双胍对糖尿病肾病保护作用评价方法 - Google Patents

基于器官芯片的二甲双胍对糖尿病肾病保护作用评价方法 Download PDF

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CN111269829A
CN111269829A CN201811477420.3A CN201811477420A CN111269829A CN 111269829 A CN111269829 A CN 111269829A CN 201811477420 A CN201811477420 A CN 201811477420A CN 111269829 A CN111269829 A CN 111269829A
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秦建华
陶婷婷
李中玉
张敏
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于器官芯片的二甲双胍对糖尿病肾病保护作用评价方法,特别是利用原代大鼠肾小球微组织来构建糖尿病肾小球模型,本次研究所用微流控器官芯片主要结合微加工和组织工程技术,构建出具有生理功能的滤过屏障。同时,在芯片上添加高糖10~30mM葡萄糖建立体外糖尿病肾小球模型,高糖10~30mM葡萄糖(Glucose,Glu)和50~150 mM二甲双胍(Metformin,Met)建立体外二甲双胍对糖尿病肾小球的治疗组,研究发现二甲双胍可以通过减少氧化应激产物(ROS)生成,减少细胞外紧密连接蛋白破坏(ZO‑1),抑制肾小球足细胞和内皮细胞的上皮细胞的间质化(EMT)行为降低高糖刺激对肾脏功能的损伤。

Description

基于器官芯片的二甲双胍对糖尿病肾病保护作用评价方法
技术领域
本发明涉及将微流控芯片技术所构建的体外病理模型应用到药物评价的领域,具体涉及一种糖尿病治疗药二甲双胍对微流控芯片构建的糖尿病肾病模型的药物评价方法。
背景技术
糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)是严重影响人类健康的慢性疾病,主要表现为糖尿病性肾小球硬化症,一种以血管损害为主的肾小球病变。二甲双胍是T2DM首选一线用药并占据口服药物治疗中的基石地位。其以原型经肾代谢,本身并无肾毒性,严重肾功能衰竭时易在体内蓄积,存在血乳酸水平升高的风险。然而,有证据表明二甲双胍除降糖外还具有降低尿白蛋白排泄率和保护肾功能的作用但具体机制并不清楚。目前对于糖尿病肾病药物测试研究基于体外细胞培养或者体内动物实验,然而动物实验昂贵耗时和常规二维培养仿真性差不能有效观测细胞的具体药物反应。所以,成功构建糖尿病肾病微环境的体外模型,对于疾病机制研究以及药物筛选尤为关键。这里我们应用微流控芯片技术建立的糖尿病肾病模型,研究二甲双胍对高糖引起的肾小球损伤的保护作用可能分子机制。
微流控器官芯片技术又称为器官微生理系统,是新兴前沿交叉学科技术。以微流控技术为核心,在微尺度空间进行细胞3D培养和动态流体操控,模拟特定器官的体内生理微环境,实现特定器官功能单元的重建,为体外器官结构功能重建提供了新的策略和重要的技术平台。更因其同细胞尺寸匹配、环境同生理环境相近、在时间和空间维度上能够提供更为精确的操控,易于通过灵活设计实现多种细胞功能研究等特点而成为新一代细胞研究的重要平台。这里我们应用微流控芯片技术面,结合微加工,组织工程技术等建立具有选择性滤过功能的多细胞成分3D肾小球滤过屏障,在此模型上更能创新性的研究细胞的EMT行为,用来评价二甲双胍药物的相关作用机制。
发明内容
本发明的目的是一种基于器官芯片的二甲双胍对糖尿病肾病保护作用评价方法,本发明精确度高,易于通过灵活设计实现多种细胞功能研究,基于器官芯片技术构建的糖尿病肾病模型用以研究二甲双胍对高糖条件下肾小球的保护作用,可能涉及的细胞生物学反应如:氧化应激产物(ROS)生成量,细胞外紧密连接蛋白(ZO-1)表达,肾小球足细胞和内皮细胞的上皮细胞的间质化(EMT)行为。
本发明提供了一种可以直接观察二甲双胍对糖尿病肾病条件下肾小球细胞的动力学影响研究,观察肾小球内皮和足细胞迁移行为,迁移过程中蛋白表达,及上皮样的形态变化。
一种器官芯片,该器官芯片基于微流控芯片技术,该器官芯片由上层带结构PDMS芯片10和下层无结构PDMS芯片11通过不可逆封接键合;所述上层带结构PDMS芯片10包括细胞加样池1,胶原加样池2,培养基加样池3,废液回收池4,细胞出样池5,细胞培养室6,培养基灌流室7,细胞球捕获槽8,细胞迁移室9;所述细胞培养室6上端与细胞加样池1相连,下端与细胞出样池5相连;所述培养基灌流室7上端与培养基加样池3相连,下端与废液回收池4相连,所述培养基灌流室7与细胞迁移室9处交界面为细胞球捕获槽8。
所述细胞培养室6和培养基灌流室7高度为200~300μm,细胞迁移室8高度为60~120μm。
所述细胞迁移室9灌注后胶原固化后,形成细胞捕获槽8。
一种基于器官芯片的二甲双胍对糖尿病肾病保护作用评价方法,采用本发明器官芯片,具体步骤如下:
(1)从细胞加样池(1)加入原代大鼠肾小球微组织悬液,肾小球进入细胞培养室(6),经侧立10分钟后肾小球微组织落入细胞捕获槽(8),小球贴侧壁在细胞捕获槽(8)内静置培养48h后,通入葡萄糖、葡萄糖和二甲双胍的培养基灌流培养96h,建立体外糖尿病模型和二甲双胍治疗组;所述体外糖尿病肾小球模型中葡萄糖浓度为10~30mM,所述二甲双胍治疗组中二甲双胍浓度为50-150mM。
(2)通过采用细胞免疫荧光染色,实时荧光定量PCR等技术,检测氧化应激产物,细胞外紧密连接蛋白破坏蛋白和基因变化,通过细胞迁移室(9),定量肾小球足细胞和内皮细胞的上皮细胞的间质化行为。
本发明构建的体外肾小球模型能够模拟近似于生理条件下的肾小球滤过功能并发对高糖诱导的渗透性增加的病理改变。
本发明建立的体外糖尿病肾小球滤过屏障模型中,主要含有肾小球内皮细胞和足细胞构两种细胞成分。
本发明提供了一种基于器官芯片技术构建的糖尿病肾病模型用以研究二甲双胍对高糖条件下肾小球的保护作用,研究对象为提取原代大鼠肾小球微组织。
1)基于微流控芯片的糖尿病肾小球滤过屏障模型的构建
生理状态下,肾小球滤过屏障主要有肾小球内皮细胞,肾小球足细胞及中间基底膜物质组成,是实现肾脏选择性滤过功能的主要场所。本次发明将微流控芯片技术与微加工、组织工程等技术相结合建立具有选择性滤过功能的多细胞成分3D肾小球滤过屏障。芯片上形成的Matrigel基质的三维表面,经侧立凹内捕获肾小球贴Matrigel表面侧爬出内皮细胞和足细胞,从而自组装形成的三维肾小球滤过屏障。在芯片中主通道,以模拟血流环境,并提供营养物质与代谢废物交换;在此基础上,在细胞培养通道中流体中加入10~30mM葡萄糖模拟糖尿病肾病肾小球微环境环境。
2)芯片上研究二甲双胍对高糖条件下肾小球的保护作用
肾小球纤维化是糖尿病肾病的一个重要病理特征,而ETM行为的发生于细胞纤维化改变密不可分。如何在模拟出肾小球细胞的EMT行为,为临床研究肾小球纤维化及相关药物作用靶点提供了有效平台。利用建立的微流控糖尿病肾病模型,本发明着重探讨二甲双胍对肾小球细胞氧化应激产物(ROS)生成量,细胞外紧密连接蛋白(ZO-1)表达,肾小球足细胞和内皮细胞的上皮细胞的间质化(EMT)行为的影响。
本发明提供的二甲双胍对高糖条件下肾小球的保护作用研究,可采用生物学上常用的细胞检测手段对迁移运动到胶原中的细胞进行检测,包括细胞死活标记染色、细胞免疫荧光染色、PCR检测、蛋白质检测。
本发明优点:
本发明利用微流控技术,以具有良好生物相容性,透光性的PDMS为芯片材料,设计的装置可横向直接记录和观察细胞迁移行为的芯片,功能完备,操作简单,并且在芯片上可以独立完成各项信号检测,如细胞蛋白表达,细胞因子分泌,细胞增殖,凋亡检测等。
附图说明
下面结合附图及实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明:
图1本发明器官芯片整体结构示意图;
图2原代大鼠肾小球形态表征及内皮细胞和足细胞鉴定;
图3芯片上施加不同浓度葡萄糖和二甲双胍处理后,芯片上肾小球细胞间紧密连接蛋白(ZO-1)的表达;
图4芯片上施加不同浓度葡萄糖和二甲双胍处理后,芯片上肾小球的生物行为变化。
其中,细胞加样池1,胶原加样池2,培养基加样池3,废液回收池4,细胞培养室5,培养基灌流室6,培养基灌流室7,细胞球捕获槽8,细胞迁移室9,上层带结构PDMS芯片10、下层无结构PDMS芯片11。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明方法作详细说明,本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
器官芯片技术构建的糖尿病肾病模型用以研究二甲双胍对高糖条件下肾小球细胞的保护作用机制
利用实验室自行设计并制作的器官芯片,构型如图1所示。该器官芯片基于微流控芯片技术,该器官芯片由上层带结构PDMS芯片10和下层无结构PDMS芯片11通过不可逆封接键合;所述上层带结构PDMS芯片10包括细胞加样池1,胶原加样池2,培养基加样池3,废液回收池4,细胞出样池5,细胞培养室6,培养基灌流室7,细胞球捕获槽8,细胞迁移室9;所述细胞培养室6上端与细胞加样池1相连,下端与细胞出样池5相连;所述培养基灌流室7上端与培养基加样池3相连,下端与废液回收池4相连,所述培养基灌流室7与细胞迁移室9处交界面为细胞球捕获槽8。所述细胞迁移室9灌注后胶原固化后,形成细胞捕获槽8。
SD大鼠原代肾小球表征及肾小球内皮、足细胞鉴定(图2)。将提取的原代大鼠肾小球微组织接种于芯片细胞加样池(1)内,侧立10min后静止培养2-4天,分别灌入正常内皮细胞培养基(ECM),添加浓度为5mM葡萄糖,30mM葡萄糖,5mM葡萄糖和100mM二甲双胍,30mM葡萄糖和100mM二甲双胍的培养基进行灌流培养后4天,4%多聚甲醛细胞固定,进行细胞间紧密连接蛋白ZO-1细胞免疫荧光染色,结果如图3所示,二甲双胍添加组的紧密连接蛋白表达较为完整,表明二甲双胍抑制高糖对细胞间紧密连接蛋白的破坏。
将提取肾小球微组织从细胞加样池加入,竖立芯片10min,静止培养3天,使肾小球贴附在凹槽内的胶原上,后添加灌流的正常内皮细胞培养基(ECM),添加浓度为5mM葡萄糖,30mM葡萄糖,5mM葡萄糖和100mM二甲双胍,30mM葡萄糖和100mM二甲双胍的培养基进行灌流培养,明场图片跟踪记录7天,15天肾小球内细胞移动情况,统计肾小球细胞球迁移进入胶原中的距离及数量,其结果如图4所示。高浓度葡萄糖条件下,肾小球滤过屏障的细胞向细胞迁移室的胶原迁移,呈时间计量依赖性。

Claims (6)

1.一种器官芯片,其特征在于:该器官芯片由上层带结构PDMS芯片(10)和下层无结构PDMS芯片(11)通过不可逆封接键合;
所述上层带结构PDMS芯片(10)包括细胞加样池(1),胶原加样池(2),培养基加样池(3),废液回收池(4),细胞出样池(5),细胞培养室(6),培养基灌流室(7),细胞球捕获槽(8),细胞迁移室(9);
所述细胞培养室(6)上端与细胞加样池(1)相连,下端与细胞出样池(5)相连;
所述培养基灌流室(7)上端与培养基加样池(3)相连,下端与废液回收池(4)相连,所述培养基灌流室(7)与细胞迁移室(9)处交界面为细胞球捕获槽(8)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的器官芯片,其特征在于:所述细胞培养室(6)和培养基灌流室(7)高度为200~300μm,细胞迁移室(8)高度为60~120μm。
3.按照权利要求1所述的器官芯片,其特征在于:所述细胞迁移室(9)灌注后胶原固化后,形成细胞捕获槽(8)。
4.一种基于器官芯片的二甲双胍对糖尿病肾病保护作用评价方法,其特征在于采用权利要求1所述芯片,具体步骤如下:
(1)从细胞加样池(1)加入原代大鼠肾小球微组织悬液,肾小球进入细胞培养室(6),经侧立10分钟后肾小球微组织落入细胞捕获槽(8),小球贴侧壁在细胞捕获槽(8)内静置培养48h后,通入葡萄糖、葡萄糖和二甲双胍的培养基灌流培养96h,建立体外糖尿病模型和二甲双胍治疗组;
(2)通过采用细胞免疫荧光染色,实时荧光定量PCR等技术,检测氧化应激产物,细胞外紧密连接蛋白破坏蛋白和基因变化,通过细胞迁移室(9),定量肾小球足细胞和内皮细胞的上皮细胞的间质化行为。
5.按照权利要求3所述的基于器官芯片的二甲双胍对糖尿病肾病保护作用评价方法,其特征在于:所述体外糖尿病肾小球模型中葡萄糖浓度为10~30mM。
6.按照权利要求3所述的基于器官芯片的二甲双胍对糖尿病肾病保护作用评价方法,其特征在于:所述二甲双胍治疗组中二甲双胍浓度为50-150mM。
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