CN111269250B - 一种有机化合物及其在有机电子器件的应用 - Google Patents
一种有机化合物及其在有机电子器件的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111269250B CN111269250B CN202010159326.4A CN202010159326A CN111269250B CN 111269250 B CN111269250 B CN 111269250B CN 202010159326 A CN202010159326 A CN 202010159326A CN 111269250 B CN111269250 B CN 111269250B
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
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- PJPUPDWLNZKVSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-fluoro-5-phenylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound FC=1C=C(C=C(C1)C1=CC=CC=C1)B(O)O PJPUPDWLNZKVSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种有机化合物,及其在有机电子器件的应用,特别是在有机电致发光二极管中的应用。本发明还公开了包含有按照本发明的有机化合物的有机电子器件,特别是有机电致发光二极管,及其在显示及照明技术中的应用。本发明还进一步公开了使用按照本发明的组合物制备的有机电子器件,及制备方法。通过器件结构优化,可达到较佳的器件性能,特别是可实现高性能的OLED器件,对全彩显示和照明应用提供了较好的材料和制备技术选项。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机电致发光技术领域,特别是涉及一种有机化合物,混合物及组合物,及其在有机电子器件,特别是电致发光器件领域的应用。
背景技术
有机发光二极管(OLED)具有质轻、主动发光、视角广、对比度高、发光效率高、能耗低、易制备柔性和大尺寸面板等优异性能,被业界视为最有希望的下一代显示技术。各种基于荧光和磷光的发光材料体系已被开发出来,使用荧光材料的有机发光二极管在电激发下其内部电致发光量子效率被限制为25%,这是因为激子的单重激发态和三重激发态的分支比为1:3。与此相反,使用磷光材料的有机发光二极管已经取得了几乎100%的内部电致发光量子效率。但Roll-off效应严重,即发光效率随电流或亮度的增加而迅速降低。Adachi提出热激发延迟荧光(TADF)的概念,利用有机化合物,即不利用金属配合物,实现了可与磷光OLED相比的高效率,参见Adachi et al.,Nature,Vol 492,234,(2012)。但现有TADF材料与磷光发光材料相比,无论从效率还是寿命上相比,其性能仍有一定的差距。尤其是在发光半峰宽表现上,TADF材料相比于磷光材料仍存在巨大差距。因此,急需发展具有窄半峰宽性质的高效率长寿命TADF材料。
发明内容
基于此,本发明的目的是提供一种有机化合物及其在有机电子器件中的应用。
具体技术方案如下:
本发明提供一种如通式(I)所示的有机化合物:
[A]m (I)
其特征在于,通式(I)所述的有机化合物由m个结构A通过其某一个芳环稠合而成,所述的形成通式(I)的这m个A可以相同也可以不同地选自通式(II)所示的结构。m为2或3。
R101-R104是取代基,可相互独立的选自H,D,或有1至20个C原子的直链烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基,或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基,或者是取代或无取代的甲硅烷基,或具有1至20个C原子的取代的酮基,或具有2至20个C原子的烷氧基羰基,或具有7至20个C原子的芳氧基羰基,氰基(-CN),氨基甲酰基(-C(=O)NH2),卤甲酰基(-C(=O)-X其中X代表卤素原子),甲酰基(-C(=O)-H),异氰基,异氰酸酯,硫氰酸酯或异硫氰酸酯,羟基,硝基,CF3,Cl,Br,F,可交联的基团,或者具有5至40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系,或具有5至40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团,或这些体系的组合,其中一个或多个基团可以彼此和/或与所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系。
本发明提供一种高聚物,包含一重复单元,其包含一如通式(I)所示的结构。
本发明提供一种混合物,包含如上所述的有机化合物或高聚物,和至少另一种有机功能材料,所述至少另一种的有机功能材料可选于空穴(也称电洞)注入或传输材料,空穴阻挡材料,电子注入或传输材料,电子阻挡材料,单重态主体,单重态发光体,三重态发光体(磷光发光体)、热激发延迟荧光材料及有机染料。
本发明还提供一种组合物,包含有一种如上所述的有机化合物或高聚物,或一种如上所述有机混合物,及至少一种有机溶剂。
本发明还提供一种有机电子器件,包含一种如上所述的有机化合物或高聚物,或一种如上任所述有机混合物。
有益效果:
按照本发明的有机化合物,具有热激发延迟荧光性质,用其制备的有机电致发光器件具有提升的发光效率及寿命,具有更加窄的发光半峰宽,从而具有更好的发光色域。
附图说明:
图1是按照本发明的一种优先的发光器件结构图,图中101是基板,102是阳极,103是空穴注入层(HIL)或空穴传输层(HTL),104是发光层,105是电子注入层(EIL)或电子传输层(ETL),106是阴极。
发明的详细说明:
为了便于理解本发明,下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施例。但本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现,并不限于本文所描述的实施例。提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
在本发明中,主体材料、基质材料、Host材料和Matrix材料具有相同的含义,可以互换。组合物、印刷油墨、油墨、和墨水具有相同的含义,可以互换。
本发明提供一种如通式(I)所示的有机化合物:
[A]m (I)
其特征在于,通式(I)所述的有机化合物由m个结构A通过其某一个芳环稠合而成,所述的形成通式(I)的这m个A可以相同也可以不同地选自通式(II)所示的结构。,m为2或3。优选地,m优选为2。
R101-R104是取代基,可相互独立的选自H,或D,或有1至20个C原子的直链烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基,或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基,或者是取代或无取代的甲硅烷基,或具有1至20个C原子的取代的酮基,或具有2至20个C原子的烷氧基羰基,或具有7至20个C原子的芳氧基羰基,氰基(-CN),氨基甲酰基(-C(=O)NH2),卤甲酰基(-C(=O)-X其中X代表卤素原子),甲酰基(-C(=O)-H),异氰基,异氰酸酯,硫氰酸酯或异硫氰酸酯,羟基,硝基,CF3,Cl,Br,F,可交联的基团,或者具有5至40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系,或具有5至40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团,或这些体系的组合,其中一个或多个基团可以彼此和/或与所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系。
在一个较为优先的实施例中,本发明所提到的芳香环系在环系中包含个碳原子,更优是个碳原子,杂芳香环系在环系中包含个碳原子,更优是个碳原子,和至少一个杂原子,条件是碳原子和杂原子的总数至少为4。杂原子优选选自Si、N、P、O、S和/或Ge,特别优选选自Si、N、P、O和/或S,更加特别优选选自N、O或S。
以上所述的芳香环系或芳族基团指至少包含一个芳环的烃基,包括单环基团和多环的环系统。以上所述的杂芳香环系或杂芳族基团指包含至少一个杂芳环的烃基(含有杂原子),包括单环基团和多环的环系统。这些多环的环可以具有两个或多个环,其中两个碳原子被两个相邻的环共用,即稠环。多环的这些环种,至少一个是芳族的或杂芳族的。对于本发明的目的,芳香族或杂芳香族环系不仅包括芳香基或杂芳香基的体系,而且,其中多个芳基或杂芳基也可以被短的非芳族单元间断(<10%的非H原子,优选小于5%的非H原子,比如C、N或O原子)。因此,比如9,9'-螺二芴,9,9-二芳基芴,三芳胺,二芳基醚等体系,对于该发明目的同样认为是芳香族环系。
具体地,芳族基团的例子有:苯、萘、蒽、菲、二萘嵌苯、并四苯、芘、苯并芘、三亚苯、苊、芴、螺芴及其衍生物。杂芳族基团的例子有:呋喃、苯并呋喃、二苯并呋喃、噻吩、苯并噻吩、二苯并噻吩、吡咯、吡唑、三唑、咪唑、噁唑、噁二唑、噻唑、四唑、吲哚、咔唑、吡咯并咪唑、吡咯并吡咯、噻吩并吡咯、噻吩并噻吩、呋喃并吡咯、呋喃并呋喃、噻吩并呋喃、苯并异噁唑、苯并异噻唑、苯并咪唑、吡啶、吡嗪、哒嗪、嘧啶、三嗪、喹啉、异喹啉、邻二氮萘、喹喔啉、菲啶、伯啶、喹唑啉、喹唑啉酮、及其衍生物。
按照本发明的一种有机化合物,其特征在于,所述的有机化合物选自以下的结构:
其中,Ar选自具有5至40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系,或具有5至40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团,或这些体系的组合。多个Ar可以相同或不同。n为0-4的整数。在一些优先的实施例中,Ar选自具有5至30个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系,或具有5至30个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团,或这些体系的组合。多个Ar可以相同或不同。n为0-4的整数。在一些优先的实施例中,Ar选自具有5至20个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系,或具有5至20个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团,或这些体系的组合。多个Ar可以相同或不同。n为0-4的整数。在一些优先的实施例中,Ar选自具有5至15个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系,或具有5至15个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团,或这些体系的组合。多个Ar可以相同或不同。n为0-4的整数。在一些优先的实施例中,Ar选自具有5至10个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系,或具有5至10个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团,或这些体系的组合。多个Ar可以相同或不同。n为0-4的整数。
在一些实施例中,n为0。在另一些实施例中,n为1。在另一些实施例中,n为2。
按照本发明的一种有机化合物,其特征在于,所述的Ar选自如下结构基团中的一种或多种组合:
A1、A2、A3、A4、A5、A6、A7、A8、A9、A10分别独立表示CR301或N;
Y1选自CR302R303、SiR304R305、NR306、C(=O)、S或O;
R301-R306是H、或D或具有1至20个C原子的直链烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团,或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团或者是甲硅烷基基团,或具有1至20个C原子的取代的酮基基团,或具有2至20个C原子的烷氧基羰基基团,或具有7至20个C原子的芳氧基羰基基团,氰基基团(-CN),氨基甲酰基基团(-C(=O)NH2),卤甲酰基基团(-C(=O)-X其中X代表卤素原子),甲酰基基团(-C(=O)-H),异氰基基团,异氰酸酯基团,硫氰酸酯基团或异硫氰酸酯基团,羟基基团,硝基基团,CF3基团,Cl,Br,F,可交联的基团或者具有5至40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系,或具有5至40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团,或这些体系的组合,其中一个或多个基团R3,R4,R5可以彼此和/或与所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环。
按照本发明的一种有机化合物,其特征在于,所述的Ar选自如下结构基团中的一种或多种组合:
如上所示的结构中,可以进一步的进行取代。
在一个比较优先的实施例中,按照本发明的化合物是至少部分被氘代,较好是10%的H被氘代,更好是20%的H被氘代,很好是30%的H被氘代,最好是40%的H被氘代。
下面列举按照本发明的有机化合物的例子,但不仅限于此:
本发明还涉及一种按照所述有机化合物的合成方法,其中使用含有活性基团的原料进行反应。这些活性原料包含至少一种离去基团,例如,溴,碘,硼酸或硼酸酯。形成C-C连接的适当的反应是本领域技术人员熟知的并描述于文献中,特别适当和优选的偶联反应是SUZUKI,STILLE和HECK偶联反应。本发明还进一步涉及一种高聚物,包含至少一个含有通式(I)表示的结构单元的重复单元。在一个优选的实施例中,所述的高聚物的合成方法选自SUZUKI-,YAMAMOTO-,STILLE-,NIGESHI-,KUMADA-,HECK-,SONOGASHIRA-,HIYAMA-,FUKUYAMA-,HARTWIG-BUCHWALD-和ULLMAN。
本发明还提供一种有机混合物,包括一种如上所述的有机化合物或高聚物,及至少另一种有机功能材料,所述的另一种有机功能材料可选于空穴(也称电洞)注入或传输材料,空穴阻挡材料,电子注入或传输材料,电子阻挡材料,有机基质材料,单重态发光体(荧光发光体),三重态发光体(磷光发光体)、热激发延迟荧光材料(TADF材料)及有机染料。例如在WO2010135519A1,US20090134784A1和WO 2011110277A1中对各种有机功能材料有详细的描述,特此将此3专利文件中的全部内容并入本文作为参考。
在一些实施例中,所述的有机混合物,包含至少一种按照本发明的有机化合物或高聚物和一种电子或空穴传输材料。在一个优选的实施例中,所述的有机混合物,包含至少一种按照本发明的有机化合物或高聚物和一种磷光发光体,其中所述的磷光发光体重量百分比为≤25wt%,较好是≤20wt%,更好是≤15wt%。在某些实施例中,所述的有机混合物,包含至少一种按照本发明的有机化合物或高聚物和一种荧光发光体,其中所述的荧光发光体重量百分比为≤10wt%,较好是≤9wt%,更好是≤8wt%,特别好是≤7wt%,最好是≤5wt%。在另一个优选的实施例中,所述的有机混合物,包含至少一种按照本发明的有机化合物或高聚物、一种磷光发光体和一种主体材料。在这种实施例中,按照本发明的有机化合物与所述的一种主体材料作为共主体,其重量比从1:9到9:1;在一种优选的实施例中,按照本发明的有机化合物与所述的一种主体材料形成激基络合物,其能级高于所述的磷光发光体。在另一个更优选的实施例中,所述的一种混合物,包含少一种按照本发明的有机化合物或高聚物,和一种TADF材料。其中TADF材料的功能优选为,1)与按照本发明的有机化合物形成磷光共主体材料,其间的重量比从1:9到9:1;2)发光体,其中所述的TADF材料的重量百分比为≤15wt%,较好是≤10wt%,更好是≤8wt%。
在一个更优选的实施例中,所述的有机混合物,包含至少一种按照本发明的有机化合物或高聚物,和一种主体材料,所述的主体材料选自单重态主体,或三重态主体。
在某些实施例中,所述的有机混合物,包含至少一种按照本发明的有机化合物或高聚物,和一种单重态主体,其中所述的单重态主体重量百分比为≥90wt%,较好是≥99wt%,更好是≥92wt%,特别好是≥93wt%,最好是≥95wt%。
本发明的一个目的是为蒸镀型OLED提供材料解决方案。在这些实施例中,按照本发明的有机化合物,其分子量≤1100g/mol,优选≤1000g/mol,很优选≤950g/mol,更优选≤900g/mol,最优选≤800g/mol。本发明的另一个目的是为印刷OLED提供材料解决方案。在这些实施例中,按照本发明的有机化合物,其分子量≥700g/mol,优选≥800g/mol,很优选≥900g/mol,更优选≥1000g/mol,最优选≥1100g/mol。
在另一些实施例中,按照本发明的有机化合物,在25℃时,在甲苯中的溶解度≥2mg/ml,优选≥3mg/ml,更优选≥4mg/ml,最优选≥5mg/ml。
本发明还提供一种组合物,包含有一种如上所述的有机化合物或高聚物,或一种如上所述的有机混合物,及至少一种有机溶剂。
本发明实施例中的组合物中可以包括0.01至20wt%的有机化合物,较好的是0.1至15wt%,更好的是0.2至10wt%,最好的是0.25至5wt%的有机化合物。
在一些优先的实施方案中,按照本发明的一种组合物,其中所述的溶剂选自芳族或杂芳族、酯、芳族酮或芳族醚、脂肪族酮或脂肪族醚、脂环族或烯烃类化合物,或硼酸酯或磷酸酯等无机酯类化合物,或两种及两种以上溶剂的混合物。
所述的溶剂可以是单独使用,也可以是作为两种或多种有机溶剂的混合物使用。
本发明还提供一种有机电子器件,包含一种如上所述的有机化合物或高聚物,或一种如上所述有机混合物。所述有机电子器件优先选自有机发光二极管(OLED)、有机光伏电池(OPV)、有机发光电池(OLEEC)、有机场效应管(OFET)、有机发光场效应管、有机激光器,有机自旋电子器件,有机传感器及有机等离激元发射二极管(Organic Plasmon EmittingDiode)。优先的,如上所述的有机电子器件是一有机电致发光器件,至少包含有一发光层,所述的发光层包含有一种如上所述的有机化合物或高聚物,或一种如上所述有机混合物。
本发明的另一目的是提供上述电子器件的制备方法。具体技术方案如下:
一种制备方法,其特征在于,将上述化合物或混合物以蒸镀的方法于一基板上形成一功能层,或以共蒸镀的方法与至少一种另一有机功能材料一起于一基板上形成一功能层,或将上述的组合物用印刷或涂布的方法涂布于一基板上形成一功能层,其中印刷或涂布的方法优选于(但不限于)喷墨打印。
如上所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的形成的一功能层,其厚度在5nm-1000nm。
在一个更为优选的实施例中,以上所述的有机电子器件是电致发光器件,特别是OLED(如图一所示),其中包括一基片(101),一阳极(102),至少一发光层(104),一阴极(106)。
按照本发明的电致发光器件,其发光波长在300到1000nm之间,较好的是在350到900nm之间,更好的是在400到800nm之间。
本发明还涉及按照本发明的有机电子器件在各种电子设备中的应用,包括,但不限于,显示设备,照明设备,光源,传感器等等。本发明还涉及包含有按照本发明的有机电子器件的电子设备,包括,但不限于,显示设备,照明设备,光源,传感器等等。
下面将结合优选实施例对本发明进行了说明,但本发明并不局限于下述实施例,应当理解,所附权利要求概括了本发明的范围在本发明构思的引导下本领域的技术人员应意识到,对本发明的各实施例所进行的一定的改变,都将被本发明的权利要求书的精神和范围所覆盖。
合成例1:化合物1的合成
中间体1-1的合成
将化合物3-硼酸三苯胺(5.98g,20mmol)和2,3-二溴-1,4-二碘苯(4.88g,10mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用100ml甲苯搅拌溶解,氮气保护加入Pd(PPh3)4(556mg,0.5mmol)和K2CO3(5.6g,40mmol)水溶液.然后将反应液搅拌回流12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:10)过柱子纯化,得到白色固体(4.33g,收率60%)
化合物1的合成
将中间体1-1(4.33g,6mmol)加入干燥的三口烧瓶中,然后加入50mL的无水甲苯溶剂,抽真空充氮气循环三次,-20℃下滴加正丁基锂溶液(2.9mL,7.2mmo l),并保持-20℃的温度反应4小时,之后在-20℃温度下滴加三溴化硼(2.25g,9mmo l),室温反应1小时,然后在0℃温度下滴加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(1.55g,12mmo l),加热到110℃回流反应12小时;冷却到室温,二氯甲烷萃取,干燥,柱层析(洗脱剂=二氯甲烷:石油醚=15%:85%),得到白色固体化合物1,产率45%。
下表化合物按照上述同样路线合成,不同的是所用中间体带有相应的取代基。以下其它合成例类似。
合成例5:化合物5的合成
中间体5-1的合成
将化合物二苯胺(3.38g,20mmol)和2-溴-1-氟-3-碘苯(6.02g,20mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,然后用50ml DMF搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入Cs2CO3(9.75g,30mmol).然后反应液1搅拌回流反应12小时,冷却,将反应液倒入接着用400ml水中,析出固体,抽滤,得到粗产物,用DCM/PE(1:20)过柱子纯化,得到淡黄色固体(6.3g,收率70%)
中间体5-2的合成
将中间体5-1(6.3g,14mmol)和苯二硼酸(1.16g,7mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用50ml1.4-dioxane搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入Pd(PPh3)4(395.9mg,1.5mmol)和K2CO3(2.76g,20mmol)水溶液.然后将反应液搅拌回流12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:10)过柱子纯化,得到白色固体(3.03g,收率60%)
化合物5的合成
将中间体5-2(3.03g,4.2mmol)加入干燥的三口烧瓶中,然后加入50mL的无水甲苯溶剂,抽真空充氮气循环三次,-20℃下滴加正丁基锂溶液(2.05mL,5.04mmol),并保持-20℃的温度反应4小时,之后在-20℃温度下滴加三溴化硼(1.58g,6.3mmol),室温反应1小时,然后在0℃温度下滴加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(1.1g,8.4mmol),加热到110℃回流反应12小时;冷却到室温,二氯甲烷萃取,干燥,柱层析(洗脱剂=二氯甲烷:石油醚=15%:85%),得到白色固体化合物5,产率40%。
合成例11:化合物11的合成
中间体11-1的合成
将化合物5-氟联苯基-3-硼酸(6.48g,30mmol)和2-溴苯基苯胺(7.5g,30mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用100mlDMF搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入碳酸铯.然后将反应液搅拌回流12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:5)过柱子纯化,得到白色固体(11.03g,收率83%)
中间体11-2的合成
将中间体11-1(10.65g,24mmol)和中间体5-1(21.6g,24mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用100ml1.4-dioxane搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入Pd(PPh3)4(814.3mg,0.72mmol)和K2CO3(6.6g,48mmol)水溶液.然后将反应液搅拌回流12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:15)过柱子纯化,得到类白色固体(9.01g,收率52%)
化合物11的合成
将中间体11-2(8.66g,12mmol)加入干燥的三口烧瓶中,然后加入50mL的无水甲苯溶剂,抽真空充氮气循环三次,-20℃下滴加正丁基锂溶液(5.8mL,14.4mmol),并保持-20℃的温度反应4小时,之后在-20℃温度下滴加三溴化硼(1.58g,18mmol),室温反应1小时,然后在0℃温度下滴加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(3.1g,24mmol),加热到110℃回流反应12小时;冷却到室温,二氯甲烷萃取,干燥,柱层析(洗脱剂=二氯甲烷:石油醚=15%:85%),得到白色固体化合物11,产率35%。
合成例19:化合物19的合成
中间体19-1的合成
将化合物3-硼酸三苯胺(5.98g,20mmol)和1,5-二溴-2,4-二碘苯(4.88g,10mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用100ml甲苯搅拌溶解,氮气保护加入Pd(PPh3)4(556mg,0.5mmol)和K2CO3(5.6g,40mmol)水溶液.然后将反应液搅拌回流12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:10)过柱子纯化,得到淡黄色固体(3.61g,收率50%)
化合物19的合成
将中间体19-1(3.61g,5mmol)加入干燥的三口烧瓶中,然后加入50mL的无水甲苯溶剂,抽真空充氮气循环三次,-20℃下滴加正丁基锂溶液(2.4mL,6mmol),并保持-20℃的温度反应4小时,之后在-20℃温度下滴加三溴化硼(2.44g,7.5mmol),室温反应1小时,然后在0℃温度下滴加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(1.55g,12mmol),加热到110℃回流反应12小时;冷却到室温,二氯甲烷萃取,干燥,柱层析(洗脱剂=二氯甲烷:石油醚=15%:85%),得到白色固体化合物19,产率50%
合成例30:化合物30的合成
中间体30-1的合成
将中间体5-1(9g,20mmol)和5-氟联苯基-3-硼酸(4.32g,20mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用100ml1.4-dioxane搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入Pd(PPh3)4(452mg,0.4mmol)和K2CO3(5.5g,40mmol)水溶液.然后将反应液搅拌回流12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:5)过柱子纯化,得到白色固体(6.92g,收率70%)
中间体30-2的合成
将中间体30-1(6.92g,14mmol)和化合物2-溴苯基苯胺(3.29g,14mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用100mlDMF搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入Cs2CO3(9.1g,28mmol).然后将反应液回流反应12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:15)过柱子纯化,得到类白色固体(7.58g,收率75%)化合物30的合成
将中间体30-2(7.22g,10mmol)加入干燥的三口烧瓶中,然后加入50mL的无水甲苯溶剂,抽真空充氮气循环三次,-20℃下滴加正丁基锂溶液(4.8mL,12mmol),并保持-20℃的温度反应4小时,之后在-20℃温度下滴加三溴化硼(3.75g,15mmol),室温反应1小时,然后在0℃温度下滴加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(2.58g,20mmol),加热到110℃回流反应12小时;冷却到室温,二氯甲烷萃取,干燥,柱层析(洗脱剂=二氯甲烷:石油醚=15%:85%),得到白色固体化合物30,产率37%。
合成例38:化合物38的合成
中间体38-1的合成
将3-硼酸三苯胺(5.98g,20mmol)和1.4二溴-2,5-二碘苯(4.88g,10mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用100ml甲苯搅拌溶解,氮气保护加入Pd(PPh3)4(556mg,0.5mmol)和K2CO3(5.6g,40mmol)水溶液.然后将反应液搅拌回流12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:10)过柱子纯化,得到淡黄色固体(3.61g,收率60%)
化合物38的合成
将中间体38-1(4.32g,6mmol)加入干燥的三口烧瓶中,然后加入50mL的无水甲苯溶剂,抽真空充氮气循环三次,-20℃下滴加正丁基锂溶液(3mL,7.2mmol),并保持-20℃的温度反应4小时,之后在-20℃温度下滴加三溴化硼(2.25g,9mmol),室温反应1小时,然后在0℃温度下滴加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(1.55g,12mmol),加热到110℃回流反应12小时;冷却到室温,二氯甲烷萃取,干燥,柱层析(洗脱剂=二氯甲烷:石油醚=15%:85%),得到白色固体化合物38,产率51%
合成例46:化合物46的合成
中间体46-1的合成
将中间体5-1(9g,20mmol)和3-氟联苯基-4-硼酸(4.32g,20mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用100ml1.4-dioxane搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入Pd(PPh3)4(452mg,0.4mmol)和K2CO3(5.5g,40mmol)水溶液.然后将反应液搅拌回流12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:5)过柱子纯化,得到白色固体(6.42g,收率65%)
中间体46-2的合成
将中间体46-1(5.93g,12mmol)和化合物2-溴苯基苯胺(2.98g,12mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用100mlDMF搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入Cs2CO3(7.8g,24mmol).然后将反应液回流反应12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:15)过柱子纯化,得到类白色固体(6.06,收率70%)化合物46的合成
将中间体46-2(5.78g,8mmol)加入干燥的三口烧瓶中,然后加入50mL的无水甲苯溶剂,抽真空充氮气循环三次,-20℃下滴加正丁基锂溶液(4mL,9.6mmol),并保持-20℃的温度反应4小时,之后在-20℃温度下滴加三溴化硼(3g,12mmol),室温反应1小时,然后在0℃温度下滴加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(2.06g,16mmol),加热到110℃回流反应12小时;冷却到室温,二氯甲烷萃取,干燥,柱层析(洗脱剂=二氯甲烷:石油醚=15%:85%),得到白色固体化合物46,产率39%。
合成例51:化合物51的合成
中间体51-1的合成
将中间体5-1(9g,20mmol)和5-氟联苯基-2-硼酸(4.32g,20mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用100ml1.4-dioxane搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入Pd(PPh3)4(452mg,0.4mmol)和K2CO3(5.5g,40mmol)水溶液.然后将反应液搅拌回流12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:5)过柱子纯化,得到白色固体(7.43g,收率75%)
中间体51-2的合成
将中间体51-1(6.92g,14mmol)和化合物2-溴苯基苯胺(3.29g,14mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用100mlDMF搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入Cs2CO3(9.1g,28mmol).然后将反应液回流反应12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:15)过柱子纯化,得到类白色固体(7.07g,收率70%)化合物51的合成
将中间体51-2(7.22g,10mmol)加入干燥的三口烧瓶中,然后加入50mL的无水甲苯溶剂,抽真空充氮气循环三次,-20℃下滴加正丁基锂溶液(4.8mL,12mmol),并保持-20℃的温度反应4小时,之后在-20℃温度下滴加三溴化硼(3.75g,15mmol),室温反应1小时,然后在0℃温度下滴加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(2.58g,20mmol),加热到110℃回流反应12小时;冷却到室温,二氯甲烷萃取,干燥,柱层析(洗脱剂=二氯甲烷:石油醚=15%:85%),得到白色固体化合物51,产率33%。
合成例56:化合物56的合成
中间体56-1的合成
将中间体5-1(9g,20mmol)和1,2-苯基二硼酸(1.66g,10mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用50ml1.4-dioxane搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入Pd(PPh3)4(452mg,0.4mmol)和K2CO3(5.6g,40mmol)水溶液.然后将反应液搅拌回流12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:10)过柱子纯化,得到白色固体(3.61g,收率50%)
化合物56的合成
将中间体56-1(3.61g,5mmol)加入干燥的三口烧瓶中,然后加入50mL的无水甲苯溶剂,抽真空充氮气循环三次,-20℃下滴加正丁基锂溶液(2.4mL,6mmol),并保持-20℃的温度反应4小时,之后在-20℃温度下滴加三溴化硼(1.88g,7.5mmol),室温反应1小时,然后在0℃温度下滴加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(1.55g,12mmol),加热到110℃回流反应12小时;冷却到室温,二氯甲烷萃取,干燥,柱层析(洗脱剂=二氯甲烷:石油醚=15%:85%),得到白色固体化合物56,产率33%。
合成例61:化合物61的合成
中间体61-1的合成
将化合物2',5'-二溴-1,1':4',1”-三联苯(2.66g,10mmol)和化合物2-溴苯基苯胺(4.96g,20mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用100mlDMF搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入Cs2CO3(9.75g,3mmol).然后将反应液回流反应12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:15)过柱子纯化,得到类白色固体(5.05g,收率70%)
化合物61的合成
将中间体61-1(5.05g,7mmol)加入干燥的三口烧瓶中,然后加入50mL的无水甲苯溶剂,抽真空充氮气循环三次,-20℃下滴加正丁基锂溶液(3.4mL,8.4mmol),并保持-20℃的温度反应4小时,之后在-20℃温度下滴加三溴化硼(2.6g,10.5mmol),室温反应1小时,然后在0℃温度下滴加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(1.8g,14mmol),加热到110℃回流反应12小时;冷却到室温,二氯甲烷萃取,干燥,柱层析(洗脱剂=二氯甲烷:石油醚=15%:85%),得到白色固体化合物61,产率35%。
合成例73:化合物73的合成
中间体73-1的合成
将化合物1,2-二氟-4,5-二碘苯(3.66g,10mmol)和苯硼酸(2.44g,20mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用100ml1.4-dioxane搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入Pd(PPh3)4(452mg,0.4mmol)和K2CO3(5.5g,40mmol)水溶液.然后将反应液搅拌回流12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:5)过柱子纯化,得到白色固体(2.12g,收率80%)
中间体73-2的合成
将中间体73-1(2.12g,8mmol)和化合物2-溴苯基苯胺(3.98g,16mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用100mlDMF搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入Cs2CO3(10.4g,32mmol).然后将反应液回流反应12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:15)过柱子纯化,得到类白色固体(4.04g,收率70%)化合物73的合成
将中间体73-2(3.61g,5mmol)加入干燥的三口烧瓶中,然后加入50mL的无水甲苯溶剂,抽真空充氮气循环三次,-20℃下滴加正丁基锂溶液(2.4mL,6mmol),并保持-20℃的温度反应4小时,之后在-20℃温度下滴加三溴化硼(1.87g,7.5mmol),室温反应1小时,然后在0℃温度下滴加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(1.29g,10mmol),加热到110℃回流反应12小时;冷却到室温,二氯甲烷萃取,干燥,柱层析(洗脱剂=二氯甲烷:石油醚=15%:85%),得到白色固体化合物73,产率30%。
合成例82:化合物82的合成
中间体82-1的合成
将中间体5-1(9g,20mmol)和1,3.5-苯基三硼酸(1.66g,10mmol)加入三口烧瓶中,用50ml1.4-dioxane搅拌溶解,氮气保护下加入Pd(PPh3)4(452mg,0.4mmol)和K2CO3(5.6g,40mmol)水溶液.然后将反应液搅拌回流12小时,冷却,蒸发除去溶剂,DCM溶解残余物,接着用100ml水洗涤有机相三次,分液,浓缩有机相,用DCM/PE(1:10)过柱子纯化,得到白色固体(3.61g,收率50%)
化合物82的合成
将中间体82-1(3.61g,5mmol)加入干燥的三口烧瓶中,然后加入50mL的无水甲苯溶剂,抽真空充氮气循环三次,-20℃下滴加正丁基锂溶液(2.4mL,6mmol),并保持-20℃的温度反应4小时,之后在-20℃温度下滴加三溴化硼(1.88g,7.5mmol),室温反应1小时,然后在0℃温度下滴加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(1.55g,12mmol),加热到110℃回流反应12小时;冷却到室温,二氯甲烷萃取,干燥,柱层析(洗脱剂=二氯甲烷:石油醚=15%:85%),得到白色固体化合物82,产率33%。
OLED器件的制备与表征:
OLED器件各层所使用材料:HIL:一种三芳胺衍生物;HTL:一种三芳胺衍生物;Host:一种咔唑类主体;Dopant:化合物1、化合物15、化合物34、化合物41、化合物55、化合物67、化合物72、化合物82、对比化合物R1、对比化合物R2、对比化合物R3。
具有ITO/HIL(50nm)/HTL(35nm)/Host:5%Dopant(25nm)/ETL(28nm)/LiQ(1nm)/Al(150nm)/阴极的OLED器件的制备步骤如下:a、导电玻璃基片的清洗:首次使用时,可用多种溶剂进行清洗,例如氯仿、酮、异丙醇进行清洗,然后进行紫外臭氧等离子处理;b、HIL(50nm),HTL(35nm),EML(25nm)、ETL(28nm):在高真空(1×10-6毫巴,mbar)中热蒸镀而成。c、阴极:LiQ/Al(1nm/150nm)在高真空(1×10-6毫巴)中热蒸镀而成;d、封装:器件在氮气手套箱中用紫外线硬化树脂封装。
各OLED器件的电流电压(J-V)特性通过表征设备来表征,同时记录重要的参数如效率,寿命及外部量子效率。实验结果如下表:
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (7)
1.一种有机化合物,其特征在于,所述的有机化合物选自以下的结构:
其中,多个Ar相同或不同;n为0-4的整数;
所述的Ar选自如下结构基团中的一种或多种组合:
其中,A1、A2、A3、A4、A5、A6、A7、A8、A9、A10分别独立表示CR301或N;
Y1选自CR302R303、SiR304R305、NR306、C(=O)、S或O;
R301-R306是H、或D、或具有1至20个C原子的直链烷基,或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基,氰基基团(-CN),F,或者包含5-15个碳原子的芳香环系,或者包含2-15个碳原子和至少一个杂原子的杂芳香环系,且所述杂芳香环系中碳原子和杂原子的总数至少为4,或这些体系的组合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的有机化合物,其特征在于,R301-R306是H、或D、或具有1至20个C原子的直链烷基,或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基,氰基基团(-CN),F,或者苯基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咔唑基。
4.一种混合物,包含权利要求1-3任一项所述的有机化合物,和至少另一种有机功能材料,所述至少另一种的有机功能材料选于空穴注入或传输材料,空穴阻挡材料,电子注入或传输材料,电子阻挡材料,单重态主体,单重态发光体,三重态发光体、三重态主体、热激发延迟荧光材料及有机染料。
5.一种组合物,包含有一种如权利要求1-3任一项所述的有机化合物,或一种如权利要求4所述混合物,及至少一种有机溶剂。
6.一种有机电子器件,包含一种如权利要求1-3任一项所述的有机化合物,或一种如权利要求4所述的混合物。
7.根据权利要求6所述的有机电子器件,其特征在于,所述有机电子器件选于有机发光二极管、有机光伏电池、有机场效应管、有机激光器,有机自旋电子器件,有机传感器及有机等离激元发射二极管。
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